CN104089268B - A kind of power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device - Google Patents
A kind of power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104089268B CN104089268B CN201410374863.5A CN201410374863A CN104089268B CN 104089268 B CN104089268 B CN 104089268B CN 201410374863 A CN201410374863 A CN 201410374863A CN 104089268 B CN104089268 B CN 104089268B
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
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Abstract
The invention belongs to high efficiency of energy to utilize and energy-saving environment protection engineering technical field, relate to a kind of power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device, the upper end of each heat pipe circulation is equipped with heat pipe evaporator, and the both sides of heat pipe evaporator are respectively equipped with gas and liquid collecting pipe and equal liquid pipe; Heat pipe cycle condenser is provided with gas-liquid isocon; Gas and liquid collecting pipe is communicated with gas-liquid isocon, and the lower end of heat pipe cycle condenser all connects and is shaped with multi-functional liquid container, and knockout is all communicated with solution pump with multi-functional liquid container; The upper end of economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is provided with condenser height point air bleeding valve, and one end of drum is communicated with outlet pipe, and the other end is connected with steam water-level indication sensor; Be provided with steam water-level line in drum, the upper end of drum is provided with drum pressure indication sensor and saturated steam pipe, and central controller is connected with temperature sensor; Its structure is simple, and principle is reliable, and easy to operate, use safety, long service life, organic efficiency is high, and maintenance cost is low, environmental friendliness.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to high efficiency of energy to utilize and energy-saving environment protection engineering technical field, relate to a kind of power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device, high efficiente callback power type heat pipe being applied to industrial exhaust heat utilizes.
Background technology:
The efficiency utilization of the energy and energy-conserving and environment-protective have become and have determined that can human society the key issue of long-term sustainable fast development, just day by day be subject to people's attention, and how to make good use of the waste heat of various industrial processes, the efficiency utilization and energy-conserving and environment-protective problem tool solving the energy is of great significance.In general, the specific energy consumption of a lot of product of China has a long way to go compared with developed countries, and the major industrial product specific energy consumption as industries such as iron and steel, generating, building materials, chemical industry exceeds 20% ~ 80%, has very large energy-saving potential.The utilization rate of waste heat that mainly power consumption is industrial such as China's iron and steel, generating, building materials, chemical industry, light textile, machinery is only 4% ~ 5%, the thermal efficiency of Industrial Boiler and kiln is about 70%, steel and iron industry is high pollution and highly energy-consuming trade, from statistics, steel industry total energy consumption accounts for 1/6th of national total energy consumption, and wherein a big chunk heat is not fully used, for the callable heat of sintering process: the fume afterheat after sintering process, temperature reaches 350 DEG C, more containing oxygen; The temperature of sintering finished ores 800 DEG C, has more sensible heat, in sintering energy consumption, occupies about 45%.In chemical industry, sulfuric acid is important industrial chemicals.No matter be pyrite-based sulfuric acid production, or with sulphur or the relieving haperacidity of smelting gas, all can produce a large amount of waste heats in process of production, and in produced waste heat, the high-temperature residual heat that grade is higher account for major part (more than 60%).
At present, the boiler being applied to waste heat recovery mainly contains fire tube waste heat boiler, water pipe waste heat boiler and heat pipe waste heat boiler three major types, and wherein fire tube waste heat boiler is exactly that flue gas flows through in fiery cylinder or smoke pipe, to fiery cylinder or the heating of cigarette outside tube water, vapour or steam water interface; Water pipe waste heat boiler is exactly leak water inside pipe, by the water in outside smoke convection/radiation heat transfer heating tube; Heat pipe waste heat boiler, the evaporator section of heat pipe is utilized to absorb the waste heat of flue gas or waste gas exactly, and the water, vapour or the steam water interface that are transferred heat to by condensation segment outside heat pipe, fire tube waste heat boiler has the advantages such as structure is simple, low to water quality requirement, processing ease, but have that metal consumption is large, flue gas parallel baffled and heat-transfer effect is poor, exhaust gas temperature is higher shortcoming; There is the shortcoming that water capacity is large, startup is slower; Also there is the problem of easily dust stratification, the outer difficult snaking of smoke pipe in smoke pipe; Also there is the problem that cannot be adapted to the Transforming Engineering of Large Copacity and high parameter operating mode in addition; The heating surface arrangement convenience of water pipe waste heat boiler, good heat-transfer, structurally can be used for the operating mode of Large Copacity and high parameter; But water system directly contacts with the high-temperature flue gas of main boiler (or production process), once generation leakage phenomenon, not only water pipe waste heat boiler needs shutdown maintenance at once, provides the main boiler of waste heat (or production process) also may need emergent management, even stops production; In addition, the pipe temperature of the variant position of water pipe waste heat boiler is widely different, also accurately cannot control flue gas exit temperature, therefore is difficult to avoid low-temperature-acid-corrosion breakoff phenomenon; And during boiler Initial operation, what boiler entered is cold water, and preheating needs a period of time, water pipe waste heat boiler is because adopting direct heat transfer, and tube wall temperature is close to normal-temperature water, and condensation very easily appears in such equipment surface, glues the bad phenomenon such as ash; Heat pipe waste heat boiler has thoroughly isolated thermal source and low-temperature receiver, can not produce the blending of cold fluid and hot fluid, but existing heat pipe major part is all utilize many gravity-type heat pipes to combine, and together with water route and flue still must be close to, work arrangement difficulty is large; Tens, hundreds of and even several thousand heat pipe close arrangement, are not easy to maintenance, are also difficult to find which root heat pipe lost efficacy; Tens, the work operating mode of hundreds of and even several thousand heat pipes is different, and overall heat exchange amount is uncontrollable, and exhaust gas temperature also cannot effectively control, and is difficult to equally avoid occurring acid dew point and the corrosion phenomenon causing pipeline or heat exchanger; In addition, exist during practical application: after heat pipe long-play, have incondensable gas and produce, cause vent plug, make the working medium in heat pipe cannot Natural Circulation and losing efficacy, sometimes even occur outer wall dry combustion method, the phenomenons such as booster.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming overcoming prior art existence, solve Problems existing in smoke and waste steam boiler, seek design and a kind of power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device is provided, power type heat pipe is applied to the heat recovery of flue gas.
To achieve these goals, the agent structure of power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device of the present invention comprises exhanst gas outlet, flue, gas and liquid collecting pipe, heat pipe evaporator, equal liquid pipe, knockout, economizer heat pipe circulates, boiling section heat pipe circulates, superheater heat pipe circulates, smoke inlet, temperature sensor after economizer, temperature sensor after boiling section, temperature sensor after superheater, biphase gas and liquid flow mother pipe, heat pipe cycle condenser, feed flow mother pipe, steam water-level line, drum, drum pressure indication sensor, saturated steam pipe, saturated-steam temperature sensor, superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe, superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam inlet pipe, superheat steam temperature sensor, softening water pipe, feed pump, gas-liquid distributing pipe, economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe, economizer heat pipe cycle condenser water inlet pipe, condenser height point air bleeding valve, steam water-level indication sensor, Multifunction tank air bleeding valve, multi-functional liquid container, blowoff valve, tube connector, solution pump, woven hose and central controller, be divided into adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem by function, biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheat section subsystem, steam flowing subsystem and central control subsystem, the individual economizer heat pipe circulation of n (1≤n≤10) forms adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem according to counterflow configuration arranged in form, the individual boiling section heat pipe circulation of m (1≤m≤10) forms biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, and the individual superheater heat pipe circulation of k (1≤k≤10) forms adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem according to counterflow configuration arranged in form, the two ends of flue are respectively smoke inlet and exhanst gas outlet, the upper end of each heat pipe circulation is equipped with the heat pipe evaporator be arranged in flue, and the both sides of each heat pipe evaporator are provided with gas and liquid collecting pipe and equal liquid pipe respectively, the all corresponding heat pipe cycle condenser of heat pipe evaporator of each heat pipe circulation, the side of each heat pipe cycle condenser is equipped with gas-liquid isocon, gas and liquid collecting pipe is communicated with gas-liquid isocon by biphase gas and liquid flow mother pipe, the lower end of each heat pipe cycle condenser all connects and is shaped with multi-functional liquid container, the two ends up and down of multi-functional liquid container are respectively equipped with Multifunction tank air bleeding valve and blowoff valve, are communicated with between multi-functional liquid container and solution pump by tube connector, the lower end of equal liquid pipe is provided with knockout, and knockout is communicated with solution pump by feed flow mother pipe, the upper end of each economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is equipped with condenser height point air bleeding valve, lower end is respectively equipped with economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe and economizer heat pipe cycle condenser water inlet pipe, circulates for being communicated with adjacent two economizer heat pipes, 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser water inlet pipe is communicated with one end of feed pump, the other end of feed pump and softening cross current, be communicated with by drum between boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser, one end of drum is communicated with the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe, and other end connection is shaped with steam water-level indication sensor, steam water-level line is provided with, the allowed band of water in steam water-level line instruction drum in drum, the upper end of drum is provided with drum pressure indication sensor, the drum upper end at m boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser place is shaped with saturated steam pipe, and drum is communicated with the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser by saturated steam pipe, and saturated steam pipe is provided with saturated-steam temperature sensor, 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser upper end is provided with the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe, the upper end of other superheater heat pipe cycle condenser is respectively equipped with superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam inlet pipe and superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe, and a kth superheater is shaped with superheat steam temperature sensor with heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe connects, temperature sensor after economizer is provided with after adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, temperature sensor after boiling section is provided with after biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, temperature sensor after superheater is provided with after adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheat section subsystem, the central controller of central control subsystem obtains respectively by temperature sensor after temperature sensor after temperature sensor, boiling section after economizer and superheater and controls flue-gas temperature, and carries out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to solution pump.
The process that the present invention realizes waste heat recovery is: flue gas is successively by the heat pipe evaporator of a kth superheater heat pipe circulation, ..., 1st heat pipe evaporator that superheater circulates with heat pipe, and then the heat pipe evaporator to be circulated with heat pipe by m boiling section, ..., 1st heat pipe evaporator that boiling section circulates with heat pipe, the last heat pipe evaporator passing through the n-th economizer again and circulate with heat pipe, ..., 1st heat pipe evaporator that economizer circulates with heat pipe, in this k+m+n heat pipe evaporator there is liquid-gas phase transition process after absorbing fume afterheat in liquid heat-pipe working medium, reduce flue-gas temperature, the high efficiente callback realizing fume afterheat utilizes, n economizer heat pipe circulates, m boiling section heat pipe circulation is identical with the operation principle of k superheater heat pipe circulation, the formation of heat pipe circulation is also consistent, economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is water-cooled, boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser is pool boiling formula, superheater heat pipe cycle condenser vapour cold type, the specific works process of each heat pipe circulation is: solution pump is by woven hose extracting liquid working medium from multi-functional liquid container, liquid working substance after adherence pressure is by feed flow mother pipe, knockout and equal liquid pipe, be evenly distributed in heat pipe evaporator, liquid working substance in heat pipe evaporator absorbs fume afterheat, there is liquid-gas phase transition process, biphase gas and liquid flow mother pipe is flowed into through gas and liquid collecting pipe after being converted into biphase gas and liquid flow, this gas-liquid two-phase flows through gas-liquid distributing pipe and is evenly distributed in heat pipe cycle condenser, this biphase gas and liquid flow working medium transfers heat to by after the water that heats or water vapour in heat pipe cycle condenser, total condensation is liquid working substance, this liquid working substance is transported to multi-functional liquid container by tube connector, liquid working substance in multi-functional liquid container enters solution pump through woven hose again, so move in circles, continuously fume afterheat is passed to by the water and steam heated, produce the superheated steam of user's request, realize the recycling of waste heat.
The adverse current of adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem of the present invention refers to that flue gas flows into from the n-th economizer heat pipe evaporator, flow through (n-1)th successively, the n-th-2, to the last flow out from the 1st economizer heat pipe evaporator, and flowed into from the 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser by the water heated, flow through the 2nd successively, 3rd, finally flow out from the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser, this reverse flow can realize the cascade utilization of energy, make between flue gas and water, to form maximum heat transfer temperature difference, reduce heat exchange area, improve heat exchange efficiency, thermodynamics irreversible loss is made to reach minimum.
Biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem of the present invention makes water undergo phase transition, produce saturated vapor, regulable control steam production size had both been convenient in the individual heat pipe circulation of m (1≤m≤10), also can when the circulation of certain heat pipe be broken down, do not affect the operation of overall waste heat boiler, meanwhile, in each heat pipe circulation, working medium is less, even if pipeline breaking, working medium are revealed, also impact can not be formed on flue and Iarge-scale system boiler (or industrial process).
The adverse current of adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem of the present invention refers to that flue gas flows into from a kth superheater heat pipe evaporator, flow through kth-1 successively, kth-2, to the last flow out from the 1st the superheater evaporimeter that heat pipe circulates, and flowed into from the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser by the water vapour heated, flow through the 2nd successively, 3rd, finally flow out from kth superheater heat pipe cycle condenser, this reverse flow can realize the cascade utilization of energy, make between flue gas and water vapour, to form maximum heat transfer temperature difference, reduce heat exchange area, improve heat exchange efficiency, thermodynamics irreversible loss is made to reach minimum.
The course of work of steam flowing subsystem of the present invention is: the demineralized water be processed enters feed pump through softening water pipe, the 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is flowed into after demineralized water boosting, the 2nd economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is admitted to after preliminary heating, until send into the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser, complete whole heating process, after this, drum is sent into by the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe by the water heated, saturated vapor is converted into absorb the latent heat of vaporization in drum after, the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser is delivered to again by saturated steam pipe, until send into kth superheater heat pipe cycle condenser, after completing whole superheating process of superheater, superheated steam is given user by the condenser steam outlet pipe circulated by a kth superheater heat pipe.
The central controller of central control subsystem of the present invention is by carrying out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to the solution pump in adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, the duty of effective control n biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, realize the control to flue-gas temperature after economizer, ensure efficient energy regenerating, and effectively avoid occurring low-temperature-acid-corrosion phenomenon; Central controller is by carrying out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to the solution pump in biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, the duty of effective control m biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, realize the conservative control of flue-gas temperature after boiling section, ensure that phase transition process is in efficient energy recovery state; Central controller is by carrying out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to the solution pump in adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem, the duty of effective control k biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem, realize the conservative control of flue-gas temperature after superheater, ensure that superheating process is in efficient energy recovery state; In addition, central controller obtains the position of steam water-level line by the steam water-level indication sensor be arranged on drum, is realized the control of steam water-level, the stable operation of assurance device long-term safety by the duty controlling feed pump.
Multi-functional liquid container opposite heat tube circulation of the present invention has multiple special efficacy, first heavy effect is start-up course exhaust: multi-functional liquid container is cylindrical shape, liquid working substance from condenser enters multi-functional liquid container along the tangential direction of cylinder fluid reservoir, gas-liquid separation is realized by centrifugal action, in start-up course, intrasystem non-condensable gas just enters into multi-functional liquid container top like this, just can be discharged smoothly by air bleeding valve; Second heavy effect is that running is regularly vented, ensure the long-term Effec-tive Function of heat pipe: after heat pipe circulation Long-Time Service, because of the many reasons always generating portion gas such as physics chemical action of heat-pipe working medium and tube wall, the portion gas of generation can be gathered in Multifunctional liquid storage tank top by multi-functional liquid container, ensures that heat pipe circulates long-term Effec-tive Function by being regularly vented; Triple function is blowdown: the various impurity in system all can be deposited on Multifunctional liquid storage pot bottom by cyclic process, various impurity can be discharged in time by blowoff valve, and the system long-term stability of guarantee is run.
Each evaporimeter and the condenser setting height(from bottom) of the heat pipe circulation in adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem of the present invention, biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem and adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheat section subsystem are unrestricted, as long as respective fluid reservoir is lower than its corresponding condenser, ensure that condensate liquid can be back to corresponding multi-functional liquid container smoothly and just can normally work; If occur, part heat exchanger must be arranged on the situation of corresponding multi-functional liquid container bottom, as long as install a small-sized fluid reservoir and a reflux solution pump in this heat exchanger bottom additional, therefore flexible design can be carried out according to user's actual conditions to the position of each subsystem.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages: one is flue gas transversal flow heat-transfer surface, and heat-transfer effect is good, and heat exchange efficiency is high; Two is that heat-pipe working medium capacity is little, water capacity is also little, and toggle speed is fast; Three is flue gas flowings outside pipe, and be easy to ash disposal, water side is also easy to scale removal; As long as four is that heat-pipe working medium is selected rationally, system is reasonable, can be adapted to the Transforming Engineering of Large Copacity and high parameter operating mode completely; Five is that the high-temperature flue gas of water system and main boiler (or production process) is completely isolated, even if there is leakage phenomenon in the circulation of certain heat pipe, because in heat pipe circulation, working medium is limited, and each heat pipe circulation only transports partial heat energy, not only provide the main boiler (or production process) of waste heat without the need to shutting down, heat pipe waste heat boiler, also without the need to shutdown maintenance at once, is treated by the time to process between overhaul time; Six be each heat pipe circulation in heat exchange pipeline isothermal good especially, and by opposite heat tube circulation carry out dibit control or continuity Load Regulation, accurately can control flue gas exit temperature, can thoroughly avoid low-temperature-acid-corrosion breakoff phenomenon; Seven be device start time boiler enter the temperature that cold water also can not affect tube wall in flue gas, by start-up time and the operating condition of the circulation of conservative control heat pipe, avoid water pipe waste heat boiler because adopting direct heat transfer completely, during startup, tube wall temperature is close to normal-temperature water, there is condensation in heat exchanger tube surface, the bad phenomenon such as sticky ash; Eight is the dynamic actions due to solution pump, and heat pipe evaporator and heat pipe condenser can need arbitrarily to arrange according to scene, thoroughly to solve in former scheme together with water route must be close to flue, the problems such as work arrangement difficulty is large; Nine are total quantitys of heat pipe circulation is 3-30, far fewer than hundreds of and even several thousand heat pipes of the gravity type system of application at present, solves hundreds of and even several thousand heat pipes because of close arrangement, is not easy to maintenance, is difficult to find the problems such as which root heat pipe had lost efficacy; Ten is that the circulation of each heat pipe is by controlling and regulating solution pump to control its heat exchange amount, the work operating mode thoroughly solving original hundreds of and even several thousand heat pipes is different, overall heat exchange amount is uncontrollable, exhaust gas temperature is also uncontrollable, is difficult to avoid occurring acid dew point and cause the problems such as corrosive pipeline phenomenon; 11 is that the circulation of each heat pipe has multi-functional liquid container, and also air bleeding valve is housed at the peak of condenser, effectively can collect and regularly get rid of the incoagulable gas and solid impurity that produce in running, ensure heat pipe circulate long-term efficient stable run, thoroughly solve general heat pipe operationally between long after, have incondensable gas to produce, cause vent plug, make the working medium in heat pipe cannot Natural Circulation and losing efficacy, sometimes even occur outer wall dry combustion method, the problems such as booster; Its structure is simple, and principle is reliable, and easy to operate, use safety, long service life, waste heat recovery efficiency is high, and maintenance cost is low, environmental friendliness.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is flowage structure principle schematic of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention:
Also be described further by reference to the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Described in the present embodiment, the agent structure of power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device comprises exhanst gas outlet 1, flue 2, 1st economizer heat pipe circulation 3, gas and liquid collecting pipe 4, heat pipe evaporator 5, equal liquid pipe 6, knockout 7, the heat pipe circulation 8 of n-th economizer, 1st boiling section heat pipe circulation 9, m boiling section heat pipe circulation 10, 1st superheater heat pipe circulation 11, the heat pipe circulation 12 of a kth superheater, smoke inlet 13, temperature sensor 14 after economizer, temperature sensor 15 after boiling section, temperature sensor 16 after superheater, the female pipe 17 of biphase gas and liquid flow, 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser 18, the female pipe 19 of feed flow, n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser 20, steam water-level line 21, drum 22, drum pressure indication sensor 23, saturated steam pipe 24, saturated-steam temperature sensor 25, 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser 26, 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe 27, kth superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam inlet pipe 28, kth superheater heat pipe cycle condenser 29, kth superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe 30, superheat steam temperature sensor 31, softening water pipe 32, feed pump 33, 1st boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser 34, m boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser 35, gas-liquid distributing pipe 36, 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe 37, n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser water inlet pipe 38, n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe 39, condenser height point air bleeding valve 40, steam water-level indication sensor 41, Multifunction tank air bleeding valve 42, multi-functional liquid container 43, blowoff valve 44, tube connector 45, solution pump 46, woven hose 47 and central controller 48, be divided into adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem by function, biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheat section subsystem, steam flowing subsystem and central control subsystem, the individual economizer heat pipe circulation of n (1≤n≤10) forms adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem according to counterflow configuration arranged in form, the individual boiling section heat pipe circulation of m (1≤m≤10) forms biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, the individual superheater heat pipe circulation of k (1≤k≤10) forms adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem according to counterflow configuration arranged in form, the upper end of each heat pipe circulation is equipped with the heat pipe evaporator 5 be arranged in flue 2, the both sides of each heat pipe evaporator 5 are provided with gas and liquid collecting pipe 4 and equal liquid pipe 6 respectively, the all corresponding heat pipe cycle condenser of heat pipe evaporator 5 of each heat pipe circulation, the side of each heat pipe cycle condenser is equipped with gas-liquid isocon 36, gas and liquid collecting pipe 4 is communicated with gas-liquid isocon 36 by the female pipe 17 of biphase gas and liquid flow, the lower end of each heat pipe cycle condenser all connects and is shaped with multi-functional liquid container 43, the two ends up and down of multi-functional liquid container 43 are respectively equipped with Multifunction tank air bleeding valve 42 and blowoff valve 44, are communicated with between multi-functional liquid container 43 and solution pump 46 by tube connector 45, the lower end of equal liquid pipe 6 is provided with knockout 7, and knockout 7 is communicated with solution pump 37 by the female pipe 19 of feed flow, the upper end of each economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is equipped with condenser height point air bleeding valve 40, lower end is respectively equipped with economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe and economizer heat pipe cycle condenser water inlet pipe, circulates for being communicated with adjacent two economizer heat pipes, 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser water inlet pipe is communicated with one end of feed pump 33, and the other end of feed pump 33 is communicated with softening water pipe 32, be communicated with by drum 22 between boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser, one end of drum 22 is communicated with the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe 39, and other end connection is shaped with steam water-level indication sensor 41, be carved with steam water-level line 21 in drum 22, the upper end of drum 22 is provided with drum pressure indication sensor 23, drum 22 upper end at m boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser 35 place is shaped with saturated steam pipe 24, and drum 22 is communicated with the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser 26 by saturated steam pipe 24, and saturated steam pipe 24 is provided with saturated-steam temperature sensor 25, 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser 26 upper end is provided with the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe 27, the upper end of other superheater heat pipe cycle condenser is respectively equipped with superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam inlet pipe and superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe, and a kth superheater is shaped with superheat steam temperature sensor 31 with heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe 30 connects, temperature sensor 14 after economizer is provided with after adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, temperature sensor 15 after boiling section is provided with after biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, temperature sensor 16 after superheater is provided with after adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheat section subsystem, the central controller 48 of central control subsystem is respectively by temperature sensor after economizer 14, after boiling section, after temperature sensor 15 and superheater, temperature sensor 16 obtains and controls flue-gas temperature, and dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control are carried out to solution pump 44.
The process that the present embodiment realizes waste heat recovery is: flue gas is successively by the heat pipe evaporator of a kth superheater heat pipe circulation 12, ..., 1st superheater heat pipe evaporator of heat pipe circulation 11, and then by the heat pipe evaporator of m boiling section with heat pipe circulation 10, ..., 1st boiling section heat pipe evaporator of heat pipe circulation 9, last again by the heat pipe evaporator of the n-th economizer with heat pipe circulation 8, ..., 1st economizer heat pipe evaporator of heat pipe circulation 3, in this k+m+n heat pipe evaporator there is liquid-gas phase transition process after absorbing fume afterheat in liquid heat-pipe working medium, reduce flue-gas temperature, the high efficiente callback realizing fume afterheat utilizes, n economizer heat pipe circulates, m boiling section heat pipe circulation is identical with the operation principle of k superheater heat pipe circulation, the formation of heat pipe circulation is also consistent, economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is water-cooled, boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser is pool boiling formula, superheater heat pipe cycle condenser vapour cold type, the specific works process of each heat pipe circulation is: solution pump 46 is by woven hose 45 extracting liquid working medium from multi-functional liquid container 43, liquid working substance after adherence pressure is by the female pipe 19 of feed flow, knockout 7 and equal liquid pipe 6, be evenly distributed in heat pipe evaporator 5, liquid working substance in heat pipe evaporator 5 absorbs fume afterheat, there is liquid-gas phase transition process, the female pipe 17 of biphase gas and liquid flow is flowed into through gas and liquid collecting pipe 4 after being converted into biphase gas and liquid flow, this gas-liquid two-phase flows through gas-liquid distributing pipe 36 and is evenly distributed in heat pipe condenser 18, this biphase gas and liquid flow working medium transfers heat to by after the water that heats or water vapour in heat pipe condenser 18, total condensation is liquid working substance, this liquid working substance is transported to multi-functional liquid container 43 by tube connector 47, liquid working substance in multi-functional liquid container 43 enters solution pump 46 through woven hose 45 again, so move in circles, continuously fume afterheat is passed to by the water and steam heated, produce the superheated steam of user's request, realize the recycling of waste heat.
Described in the present embodiment, the adverse current of adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem refers to that flue gas flows into from the n-th economizer heat pipe evaporator, flow through (n-1)th successively, the n-th-2, to the last flow out from the 1st economizer heat pipe evaporator, and flowed into from the 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser by the water heated, flow through the 2nd successively, 3rd, finally flow out from the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser, this reverse flow can realize the cascade utilization of energy, make between flue gas and water, to form maximum heat transfer temperature difference, reduce heat exchange area, improve heat exchange efficiency, thermodynamics irreversible loss is made to reach minimum.
Described in the present embodiment, biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem makes water undergo phase transition, produce saturated vapor, regulable control steam production size had both been convenient in the individual heat pipe circulation of m (1≤m≤10), also can when the circulation of certain heat pipe be broken down, do not affect the operation of overall waste heat boiler, meanwhile, in each heat pipe circulation, working medium is less, even if pipeline breaking, working medium are revealed, also impact can not be formed on flue and Iarge-scale system boiler (or industrial process).
The adverse current of adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem described in the present embodiment refers to that flue gas flows into from a kth superheater heat pipe evaporator, flow through kth-1 successively, kth-2, to the last flow out from the 1st the superheater evaporimeter that heat pipe circulates, and flowed into from the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser by the water vapour heated, flow through the 2nd successively, 3rd, finally flow out from kth superheater heat pipe cycle condenser, this reverse flow can realize the cascade utilization of energy, make between flue gas and water vapour, to form maximum heat transfer temperature difference, reduce heat exchange area, improve heat exchange efficiency, thermodynamics irreversible loss is made to reach minimum.
Described in the present embodiment, the course of work of steam flowing subsystem is: the demineralized water be processed enters feed pump 33 through softening water pipe 32, the 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser 18 is flowed into after demineralized water boosting, the 2nd economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is admitted to after preliminary heating, until send into the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser 20, complete whole heating process, after this, drum 22 is sent into by the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe 39 by the water heated, saturated vapor is converted into absorb the latent heat of vaporization in drum 22 after, the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser 26 is delivered to again by saturated steam pipe 24, until send into kth superheater heat pipe cycle condenser 29, after completing whole superheating process of superheater, user is given by superheated steam by the condenser steam outlet pipe 30 of a kth superheater heat pipe circulation 12.
The central controller 48 of central control subsystem of the present invention is by carrying out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to the solution pump 44 in adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, the duty of effective control n biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, realize the control to flue-gas temperature after economizer, ensure efficient energy regenerating, and effectively avoid occurring low-temperature-acid-corrosion phenomenon; Central controller 48 is by carrying out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to the solution pump in biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, the duty of effective control m biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, realize the conservative control of flue-gas temperature after boiling section, ensure that phase transition process is in efficient energy recovery state; Central controller 48 is by carrying out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to the solution pump in adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem, the duty of effective control k biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem, realize the conservative control of flue-gas temperature after superheater, ensure that superheating process is in efficient energy recovery state; In addition, central controller 48 is indicated the position obtaining steam water-level line 21 with sensor 41 by the steam water-level be arranged in drum 22, is realized the control of steam water-level by the duty controlling feed pump 33, ensures the stable operation of system long-term safety.
Embodiment 2:
The start-up and functionning process that the present embodiment realizes fume afterheat production superheated steam is as follows: after being mounted to power type heat pipe waste heat boiler system and device by the combination of structural principle shown in Fig. 1, first dirty cleaning is blown to each heat pipe circulation line inside, again physical chemistry Passivation Treatment is carried out to each heat pipe circulation line inside, after being disposed, n economizer heat pipe circulation, a m boiling section heat pipe circulation and k superheater heat pipe circulation are all found time, after vacuum is up to standard, add appropriate heat-pipe working medium respectively; By concrete numerical value of setting such as the flue-gas temperature after the flue-gas temperature after the economizer in central control subsystem, the flue-gas temperature after boiling section, superheater, steam water-level line positions, send into after sending into demineralized water in flue gas, water-steam system in flue, central control subsystem is by the actual numerical value according to controling parameters such as the flue-gas temperatures after economizer, compare with the concrete numerical value of setting, according to selected control method, the solution pump 30 that startup and control n the circulation of economizer heat pipe, a m boiling section heat pipe circulation and k superheater heat pipe circulate; Again after 50-100 minute, the parameters such as the flue-gas temperature in system after economizer will reach setting value, and namely whole system is in stationary operational phase, so just fume afterheat can be converted into the overheated steam of user's request successive, energy-efficiently.
Claims (5)
1. a power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device, is characterized in that agent structure comprises exhanst gas outlet, flue, gas and liquid collecting pipe, heat pipe evaporator, equal liquid pipe, knockout, economizer heat pipe circulates, boiling section heat pipe circulates, superheater heat pipe circulates, smoke inlet, temperature sensor after economizer, temperature sensor after boiling section, temperature sensor after superheater, biphase gas and liquid flow mother pipe, heat pipe cycle condenser, feed flow mother pipe, steam water-level line, drum, drum pressure indication sensor, saturated steam pipe, saturated-steam temperature sensor, superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe, superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam inlet pipe, superheat steam temperature sensor, softening water pipe, feed pump, gas-liquid distributing pipe, economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe, economizer heat pipe cycle condenser water inlet pipe, condenser height point air bleeding valve, steam water-level indication sensor, Multifunction tank air bleeding valve, multi-functional liquid container, blowoff valve, tube connector, solution pump, woven hose and central controller, be divided into adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem by function, biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheat section subsystem, steam flowing subsystem and central control subsystem, n economizer heat pipe circulation forms adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem according to counterflow configuration arranged in form, m boiling section heat pipe circulation forms biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, k superheater heat pipe circulation forms adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem according to counterflow configuration arranged in form, wherein 1≤n≤10,1≤m≤10,1≤k≤10, the two ends of flue are respectively smoke inlet and exhanst gas outlet, the upper end of each heat pipe circulation is equipped with the heat pipe evaporator be arranged in flue, and the both sides of each heat pipe evaporator are provided with gas and liquid collecting pipe and equal liquid pipe respectively, the all corresponding heat pipe cycle condenser of heat pipe evaporator of each heat pipe circulation, the side of each heat pipe cycle condenser is equipped with gas-liquid isocon, gas and liquid collecting pipe is communicated with gas-liquid isocon by biphase gas and liquid flow mother pipe, the lower end of each heat pipe cycle condenser is all connected with multi-functional liquid container, the two ends up and down of multi-functional liquid container are respectively equipped with Multifunction tank air bleeding valve and blowoff valve, are communicated with between multi-functional liquid container and solution pump by tube connector, the lower end of equal liquid pipe is provided with knockout, and knockout is communicated with solution pump by feed flow mother pipe, the upper end of each economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is equipped with condenser height point air bleeding valve, lower end is respectively equipped with economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe and economizer heat pipe cycle condenser water inlet pipe, circulates for being communicated with adjacent two economizer heat pipes, 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser water inlet pipe is communicated with one end of feed pump, the other end of feed pump and softening cross current, be communicated with by drum between boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser, one end of drum is communicated with the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe, and the other end is connected with steam water-level indication sensor, be provided with steam water-level line in drum, the upper end of drum is provided with drum pressure indication sensor, the drum upper end at m boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser place is provided with saturated steam pipe, and drum is communicated with the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser by saturated steam pipe, and saturated steam pipe is provided with saturated-steam temperature sensor, 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser upper end is provided with the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe, the upper end of other superheater heat pipe cycle condenser is respectively equipped with superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam inlet pipe and superheater heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe, and a kth superheater is shaped with superheat steam temperature sensor with heat pipe cycle condenser steam outlet pipe connects, temperature sensor after economizer is provided with after adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, temperature sensor after boiling section is provided with after biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, temperature sensor after superheater is provided with after adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheat section subsystem, the central controller of central control subsystem obtains respectively by temperature sensor after temperature sensor after temperature sensor, boiling section after economizer and superheater and controls flue-gas temperature, and carries out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to solution pump.
2. power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the process realizing waste heat recovery is: flue gas is successively by the heat pipe evaporator of a kth superheater heat pipe circulation, ..., 1st heat pipe evaporator that superheater circulates with heat pipe, and then the heat pipe evaporator to be circulated with heat pipe by m boiling section, ..., 1st heat pipe evaporator that boiling section circulates with heat pipe, the last heat pipe evaporator passing through the n-th economizer again and circulate with heat pipe, ..., 1st heat pipe evaporator that economizer circulates with heat pipe, wherein 1≤n≤10, 1≤m≤10, 1≤k≤10, in k+m+n heat pipe evaporator there is liquid-gas phase transition process after absorbing fume afterheat in liquid heat-pipe working medium, reduces flue-gas temperature, and the high efficiente callback realizing fume afterheat utilizes, n economizer heat pipe circulates, m boiling section heat pipe circulation is identical with the operation principle of k superheater heat pipe circulation, the formation of heat pipe circulation is also consistent, economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is water-cooled, boiling section heat pipe cycle condenser is pool boiling formula, superheater heat pipe cycle condenser is vapour cold type, the specific works process of each heat pipe circulation is: solution pump is by woven hose extracting liquid working medium from multi-functional liquid container, liquid working substance after adherence pressure is by feed flow mother pipe, knockout and equal liquid pipe, be evenly distributed in heat pipe evaporator, liquid working substance in heat pipe evaporator absorbs fume afterheat, there is liquid-gas phase transition process, biphase gas and liquid flow mother pipe is flowed into through gas and liquid collecting pipe after being converted into biphase gas and liquid flow, this gas-liquid two-phase flows through gas-liquid distributing pipe and is evenly distributed in heat pipe cycle condenser, this biphase gas and liquid flow working medium transfers heat to by after the water that heats or water vapour in heat pipe cycle condenser, total condensation is liquid working substance, this liquid working substance is transported to multi-functional liquid container by tube connector, liquid working substance in multi-functional liquid container enters solution pump through woven hose again, so move in circles, continuously fume afterheat is passed to by the water that heats or water vapour, produce the superheated steam of user's request, realize the recycling of waste heat.
3. power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the adverse current of described adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem refers to that flue gas flows into from the n-th economizer heat pipe evaporator, flow through (n-1)th, the n-th-2 successively, to the last flow out from the 1st economizer heat pipe evaporator, and flowed into from the 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser by the water heated, flow through the 2nd, the 3rd successively, finally flow out from the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser, biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem makes water undergo phase transition, produce saturated vapor, regulable control steam production size had both been convenient in m heat pipe circulation, also can when the circulation of certain heat pipe be broken down, do not affect the operation of overall waste heat boiler, meanwhile, in each heat pipe circulation, working medium is less, can not form impact to flue and Iarge-scale system boiler, the adverse current of adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem refers to that flue gas flows into from a kth superheater heat pipe evaporator, flow through kth-1, kth-2 successively, to the last flow out from the 1st the superheater evaporimeter that heat pipe circulates, and flowed into from the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser by the water vapour heated, flow through the 2nd, the 3rd successively, finally flow out from kth superheater heat pipe cycle condenser, the course of work of steam flowing subsystem is: the demineralized water be processed enters feed pump through softening water pipe, the 1st economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is flowed into after demineralized water boosting, the 2nd economizer heat pipe cycle condenser is admitted to after preliminary heating, until send into the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser, complete whole heating process, after this, drum is sent into by the n-th economizer heat pipe cycle condenser outlet pipe by the water heated, saturated vapor is converted into absorb the latent heat of vaporization in drum after, the 1st superheater heat pipe cycle condenser is delivered to again by saturated steam pipe, until send into kth superheater heat pipe cycle condenser, after completing whole superheating process of superheater, superheated steam is given user by the condenser steam outlet pipe circulated by a kth superheater heat pipe, the central controller of central control subsystem is by carrying out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to the solution pump in adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, the duty of effective control n biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, realize the control to flue-gas temperature after economizer, ensure efficient energy regenerating, and effectively avoid occurring low-temperature-acid-corrosion phenomenon, central controller is by carrying out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to the solution pump in biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, the duty of effective control m biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem, realize the conservative control of flue-gas temperature after boiling section, ensure that phase transition process is in efficient energy recovery state, central controller is by carrying out dibit control or frequency conversion continuous control to the solution pump in adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem, the duty of effective control k biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheater subsystem, realize the conservative control of flue-gas temperature after superheater, ensure that superheating process is in efficient energy recovery state, in addition, central controller obtains the position of steam water-level line by the steam water-level indication sensor be arranged on drum, is realized the control of steam water-level, the stable operation of assurance device long-term safety by the duty controlling feed pump, wherein 1≤n≤10,1≤m≤10,1≤k≤10.
4. power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the circulation of described multi-functional liquid container opposite heat tube has multiple special efficacy, first heavy effect is start-up course exhaust: multi-functional liquid container is cylindrical shape, liquid working substance from condenser enters multi-functional liquid container along the tangential direction of cylinder fluid reservoir, gas-liquid separation is realized by centrifugal action, in start-up course, intrasystem non-condensable gas just enters into multi-functional liquid container top, just can be discharged smoothly by air bleeding valve; Second heavy effect is that running is regularly vented, ensure the long-term Effec-tive Function of heat pipe: after heat pipe circulation Long-Time Service, because of the physics chemical action many reasons always generating portion gas of heat-pipe working medium and tube wall, the portion gas of generation can be gathered in Multifunctional liquid storage tank top by multi-functional liquid container, ensures that heat pipe circulates long-term Effec-tive Function by being regularly vented; Triple function is blowdown: the impurity in boiler plant can be deposited on Multifunctional liquid storage pot bottom by cyclic process, impurity can be discharged in time by blowoff valve, and the system long-term stability of guarantee is run.
5. power type heat pipe waste heat boiler device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that each evaporimeter and the condenser setting height(from bottom) of the heat pipe circulation in described adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery economizer subsystem, biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery boiling section subsystem and adverse current biphase gas and liquid flow heat pipe waste heat recovery superheat section subsystem are unrestricted, as long as respective fluid reservoir is lower than its corresponding condenser, ensure that condensate liquid can be back to corresponding multi-functional liquid container smoothly and just can; If occur, part heat exchanger must be arranged on the situation of corresponding multi-functional liquid container bottom, installs a small-sized fluid reservoir and a reflux solution pump additional, can carry out flexible design according to user's actual conditions to the position of each subsystem in this heat exchanger bottom.
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| CN113577800B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-10-14 | 浙江天联机械有限公司 | Heat pump evaporation system |
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