CN113575611B - Disinfection spray applicable to high-speed rail compartments and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Disinfection spray applicable to high-speed rail compartments and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a sterilizing spray applicable to high-speed rail compartments and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sterilizing spray comprises the following steps: s1: preparing zinc particles with the particle size of 10 nm-600 nm by using a microemulsion method; s2: transferring the prepared zinc particles to the next reaction kettle, and preparing a micro-nano zinc solution for later use by utilizing a cavitation effect; s3: and (3) adding 100-2500 ppm quaternary ammonium salt and purified water into the prepared micro-nano zinc solution with the concentration of 300-2500ppm, and uniformly stirring to prepare the sterilizing spray. The micro-nano particles are compounded into a safe and efficient disinfecting spray, and the safe and efficient disinfecting spray is applied to closed and crowd-concentrated areas such as high-speed rail carriages, airplane passenger cabins, subway carriages, bus carriages, airports, high-speed rail stations, public environments and the like, can reduce the propagation of pathogenic bacteria and viruses, and creates a safe and sanitary public environment for people.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antibacterial disinfection, in particular to a disinfection spray applicable to a high-speed rail car and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Vehicle room hygiene is a reflection of high-speed rail product quality and a direct experience for passengers. Pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, mildew and viruses in the closed vehicle chamber threaten the health of passengers, especially the outbreak of new coronavirus seriously harms the health of human bodies and influences the development of national economy. At present, most people are used to take a fast and convenient high-speed rail to go out, the sanitation degree of the carriage environment directly influences the quality and mood of the going out, and the breeding and propagation of microorganisms, pathogenic bacteria and even viruses are required to be reduced as far as possible so as to ensure the sanitary and safe riding environment. Although the domestic and foreign research has paid attention to the important factor of indoor sanitation, namely the number of air microorganisms in public transportation means and public indoor spaces, and the corresponding air sanitation standard is formulated, the research on the sanitation condition of the whole vehicle environment and the guarantee method thereof is very little, and the scientific and complete vehicle-room sanitation standard is lacked. Pathogenic microorganisms are sources of diseases, an effective method for controlling microorganisms is still lacked in vehicles such as high-speed rails and the like at present, and only after infectious diseases, influenza and the like occur, disinfection measures are passively adopted to prevent epidemic spread. Therefore, it is necessary to select a countermeasure for controlling microorganisms more effectively, and it is necessary to improve the physical health of passengers and the comfort of passengers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a disinfectant spray applicable to a high-speed railway carriage and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a disinfectant spray applicable to high-speed rail compartments comprises the following components: 300-2500ppm pre-prepared micro-nano zinc solution, 100-300ppm quaternary ammonium salt solution and water. The mass ratio of the micro-nano zinc solution to the quaternary ammonium salt solution to the water is 0.2-1.5: 2-4: 94.5-97.8; the quaternary ammonium salt solution is one or two of benzalkonium chloride solution or benzalkonium bromide solution.
The preparation method of the disinfectant spray applicable to the high-speed railway carriage comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing zinc particles with the particle size of 10 nm-600 nm by using a microemulsion method;
s2: transferring the prepared zinc particles to the next reaction kettle, and preparing a micro-nano zinc solution for later use by utilizing a cavitation effect;
s3: and (3) adding 100-2500 ppm pre-prepared micro-nano zinc solution into 100-300ppm quaternary ammonium salt solution and purified water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the sterilizing spray.
Further, the S1 further includes S1.1: modulating the microemulsion to form a WPO (waterborne polyurethane) reverse microemulsion system; the microemulsion consists of a surfactant, a cosurfactant, an organic solvent and deionized water.
Further, the S1.1 further includes: dissolving the surfactant in the organic solvent, mixing with the cosurfactant and deionized water, and stirring to prepare a WPO (waterborne polyurethane emulsion) reverse microemulsion system; the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant.
Further, the volume ratio of the total volume of the surfactant, the cosurfactant and the organic solvent to the deionized water is 1-4:1, and the volume ratio of the surfactant, the cosurfactant and the organic solvent is 1-5:1: 2-4.
Further, the organic solvent is one or more of alkane and cycloalkane; the nonionic surfactant is one or more of polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and high-carbon fatty polyoxyethylene ether; the cosurfactant is fatty alcohol.
Further, the organic solvent is cyclohexane; the cosurfactant is one or more of isoamyl alcohol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, n-nonanol, n-decanol and cetyl alcohol.
Further, the S1 further includes S1.2:
respectively adding a zinc salt aqueous solution and a hydrazine hydrate solution with the concentration of 400-600 g/L into the WPO reverse microemulsion system, stirring and mixing, and reacting for 5-8h to prepare a zinc particle solution with the particle size of 10-600 nm; the reaction temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the stirring speed is 2000-5000 rpm.
Further, the volume ratio of the zinc salt aqueous solution to the hydrazine hydrate solution is 1:1, and the volume ratio of the hydrazine hydrate solution to the WPO reverse microemulsion system is 1: 3.5-4; the zinc salt is one or more of zinc sulfate, zinc nitrate, zinc citrate and zinc gluconate.
Further, the S2 further includes:
step 2.1: transferring the zinc particle solution prepared by the step S1 to the next reaction kettle, stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃, wherein the stirring speed is 2000-;
step 2.2: reacting for 5 hours to prepare the micro-nano zinc solution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention compounds the micro-nano particles into a safe and efficient disinfection spray, which is applied to closed and relatively concentrated crowd areas such as high-speed rail carriages, airplane passenger cabins, subway carriages, bus carriages, airports, high-speed rail stations, public environments and the like, can reduce the spread of pathogenic bacteria and viruses, and creates a safe and sanitary public environment for people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a method of making a disinfecting spray according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a micro-structure diagram of micro-nano zinc before cavitation effect is carried out in the invention;
FIG. 3 is a micro-structure diagram of micro-nano zinc with etching pits obtained by utilizing a cavitation effect;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the action principle of sterilization and virus killing of micro-nano zinc with corrosion pits obtained by utilizing the cavitation effect;
FIG. 5 is a particle size distribution diagram of the micro-nano zinc of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a morphological diagram of a cultured colony after the micro-nano zinc solution acts for 20s in example 2 of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a morphological diagram of a cultured colony after a micro-nano zinc solution acts for 30s in example 2 of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a morphological diagram of a cultured colony after the micro-nano zinc solution is acted for 60s in example 2 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation method and the performance test experimental example of the micro-nano zinc in the sterilizing spray comprise the following steps:
example 1
Referring to a flow chart of steps shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing micro-nano zinc capable of killing bacteria and inactivating viruses comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: dissolving 50mL of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 30mL of n-octanol in 120mL of cyclohexane, and stirring with 20mL of isoamyl alcohol and 200mL of deionized water to prepare a WPO (waterborne polyurethane emulsion) reverse microemulsion system;
step 1.2: adding 1000mL of zinc salt aqueous solution (mixed solution of zinc citrate and zinc nitrate) with the concentration of 450g/L and 1000mL of hydrazine hydrate solution into 3600mL of WPO reverse microemulsion for mixing, and reacting for 6.5h at 65 ℃ and the rotating speed of 4600rpm to prepare zinc particle solution with the particle size of 10-600 nm;
step 2.1: transferring the prepared zinc particle solution into the next reaction kettle, stirring at 60 ℃, 4600rpm, and introducing high-speed air flow to form a cavitation phenomenon;
step 2.2: the reaction time is 5 hours, and the micro-nano zinc solution is prepared.
A TEM image of the prepared zinc particles is shown in fig. 2, and a TEM image of the prepared micro-nano zinc is shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 5, the microemulsion method is used to prepare zinc with particle size between micron and nanometer, and the reaction conditions are controlled to prepare zinc particles with particle size: phi is more than 10nm and less than 600 nm;
preferred results are: the zinc particles with the particle size of 100nm < phi < 600nm account for 30 percent of the total number.
Example 2
The micro-nano zinc solution prepared in the example 1 is prepared into a micro-nano zinc aqueous solution with the concentration of 1000mg/kg, and then the micro-nano zinc aqueous solution is sequentially diluted into a solution with the concentration of: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially marking micro-nano zinc aqueous solutions with the concentrations of 800mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 300mg/kg as a group 5, a group 4, a group 3, a group 2 and a group 1, measuring the sterilization rate of the micro-nano zinc aqueous solution according to a suspension quantitative method of disinfection technical specification, wherein test strains comprise escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans and pseudomonas aeruginosa for 20s, 30s and 60 s; the test results are shown in table 1, the morphologies of the cultured colonies after the micro-nano zinc aqueous solutions with different concentrations in the groups 1 to 5 act on escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans and pseudomonas aeruginosa for 20s are shown in fig. 6, the morphologies of the cultured colonies after the micro-nano zinc aqueous solutions act on escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans and pseudomonas aeruginosa for 30s are shown in fig. 7, and the morphologies of the cultured colonies after the micro-nano zinc aqueous solutions act on escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans and pseudomonas aeruginosa for 60s are shown in fig. 8.
TABLE 1 Sterilization effect of micro-nano zinc solution under different time
Example 3
The micro-nano zinc solution prepared in the example 1 is prepared into a micro-nano zinc aqueous solution with the concentration of 1000mg/kg, and then the micro-nano zinc aqueous solution is sequentially diluted into a solution with the concentration of: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially marking micro-nano zinc aqueous solutions with the concentrations of 1000mg/kg, 800mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 300mg/kg as a group 5, a group 4, a group 3, a group 2 and a group 1, determining the virus inactivation rate of the micro-nano zinc aqueous solution according to disinfection technical specifications, testing the viruses to be poliovirus, influenza A virus H1N1, enterovirus and avian influenza virus H5N1 for 10s, 20s and 30 s; the test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Virus inactivating effect of micro-nano zinc solution at different time
Diluting 3% hydrogen peroxide disinfectant sold in the market into the following concentrations in sequence: 1000mg/kg, 800mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 300mg/kg of hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, wherein the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 1000mg/kg, 800mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 300mg/kg is sequentially marked as a group 5, a group 4, a group 3, a group 2 and a group 1, the virus inactivation rate of the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution is determined according to the technical specification for disinfection, the test viruses are poliovirus, influenza A virus H1N1, enterovirus and avian influenza virus H5N1, and the test time is respectively 10s, 20s and 30 s; the test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of hydrogen peroxide on inactivation of virus at different times
Example 4
Preparing the prepared micro-nano zinc into an aqueous solution with the concentration of 1000mg/kg, diluting the micro-nano zinc aqueous solution by 10000 times to obtain a micro-nano zinc aqueous solution with the concentration of 100 mu g/kg, and marking 5 parallel samples as: group 1, group 2, group 3, group 4 and group 5, groups 1 to 5 respectively with a concentration of 10 6.0 TCID 50 Mixing pseudorabies virus and coronavirus (PEDV) in a contact manner for 30min, and determining the virus inactivation rate; the test results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Virus inactivating effect of micro-nano zinc solution
Diluting commercially available glutaraldehyde disinfection solution to obtain glutaraldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration of 100 mug/kg, and taking 5 parallel samples as markers: group 1, group 2, group 3, group 4 and group 5, groups 1 to 5 respectively with a concentration of 10 6.0 TCID 50 Mixing pseudorabies virus and coronavirus (PEDV) in a/ml contact manner for 30min, and measuring the virus inactivation rate; the test results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 Effect of glutaraldehyde inactivation of viruses
According to the experimental data of the embodiment, the micro-nano zinc solution prepared by the method can realize the effect of rapid sterilization and disinfection.
Referring to fig. 4, the micro-nano zinc solution prepared by the invention has a sterilization and virucidal mechanism:
the reactivity and activity of the particle surface are enhanced due to small particle size and irregular surface shape of the micro-nano zinc, the existence range of a plurality of microorganisms is from hundreds of nanometers to tens of micrometers, the nano metal particles have larger specific surface area, accumulate higher potential energy, have nanoparticle effect, specific surface area effect and quantum tunnel effect on the whole, have Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) effect and the like, and have synergistic effect of various effects to form better antibacterial activity.
When the micro-nano zinc is contacted with bacteria or viruses, the micro-nano zinc shows a positive charge effect, generates coulomb force with the bacterial cell wall or virus cell showing a negative charge effect, and can puncture the bacterial cell wall and the protein shell of the viruses to enable cytoplasm to flow out or change, so that the bacteria and the viruses cannot continue to survive or propagate;
the micro-nano zinc particles and the released zinc ions react with-NH, -COOH, -SH and the like in bacteria, so that the structural composition of cells is damaged, the propagation of the cells is prevented, and the effect of killing bacteria and mould is achieved; the released zinc ions have obvious influence on the activity transfer inhibition, the amino acid metabolism and an enzyme system;
the micro-nano zinc is dissociated from dead bacteria, and a new round of sterilization is carried out repeatedly.
In addition, the micro-nano zinc induces to generate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), can induce oxidative stress reaction, and generates a large amount of hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide (H) 2 O 2 Leading to bacterial apoptosis.
If the edges of the micro-nano zinc similar to the spikes do not exist, only the coulomb force is not enough to puncture the cell wall in a short time, but after the surface of the micro-nano zinc is cavitated, the spikes with irregular shapes are formed, and the bacteria and the viruses can be quickly killed by the attraction of the coulomb force and the spikes, so that the bacteria and the viruses cannot be continuously propagated or transferred.
The micro-nano zinc is not consumed in the process of killing bacteria or viruses and can continuously cause the death of the bacteria and the viruses, so the micro-nano zinc can continuously and durably kill the bacteria and the viruses.
The preparation method and toxicity and sterilization effect of the sterilizing spray are as follows:
example 5
A preparation method of a disinfectant spray applicable to high-speed rail compartments comprises the following steps: and adding 200ppm of benzalkonium chloride solution and purified water into 800ppm of the micro-nano zinc solution prepared in example 1, and uniformly stirring to prepare the disinfecting and sterilizing spray, wherein the mass ratio of the micro-nano zinc solution prepared in example 1 to the benzalkonium chloride solution to the water is 0.3:2.6: 97.1.
Example 6
Acute oral toxicity test: mouse
1. Materials and animals
And (3) testing a sample: 10000mg of the stock solution of the sterilizing spray prepared in the embodiment 5 is weighed, and purified water is added to 20ml to prepare a test object.
Animal and feed: clean grade healthy ICR mice 20, each half male and female, weight 18.1-21.6g, Shanghai Si Laike experimental animal limited responsibility.
The test conditions are as follows: ambient temperature: 22 +/-2 ℃ and 40-70% of relative humidity.
The main apparatus is as follows: an electronic scale (number 05-902) and an electronic balance (number 05-268).
2. Method of producing a composite material
The detection basis is as follows: reference is made to the Disinfection protocol of the Ministry of health (2002 edition), second section, Disinfection product testing protocol, 2.3.1 acute oral toxicity test.
The test method comprises the following steps: one maximum test. The design dose is 10000mg/kg b.wt., and after the mice are fasted overnight, the design dose is orally administered by one-time gavage, and the gavage volume is 20ml/kg b.wt. The food is fed 4h after the gavage, and the observation period is 14 d.
3. Test results
After the stomach irrigation of the female and male mice, no obvious poisoning expression is seen, no death occurs in the observation period, and no obvious abnormality is seen in the gross anatomy after the experiment is finished. The results of the test animal deaths are shown in table 6:
TABLE 6 mouse acute oral toxicity test results
And (4) conclusion: samples were administered to male and female mice via acute oral LDs. The values are all more than 10000mg/kg b.wt, which is a practical non-toxic grade.
Example 7
Acute inhalation toxicity test: rat
1. Materials and animals
And (3) testing a sample: the stock solution of the disinfectant spray prepared in example 5 was used as a test substance.
Animals: 20 clean-grade healthy SD rats with weight of 180-.
The test conditions are as follows: ambient temperature; 22 +/-2 ℃ and 40-70% of relative humidity.
The animals are quarantined and adapted for more than 3 days in a feeding environment before the test. Sterilized conventional animal feed and sterilized water were given for free drinking.
The main apparatus is as follows: an electronic scale (number 05-193), an electronic balance (number 05-315) and a toxicant exposure cabinet (number 05-238).
2. Test method
The inspection basis is as follows: the second part of the "Disinfection Specification" of the Ministry of health (2002) 2.3.2 acute inhalation toxicity test.
The test method comprises the following steps: one maximum test method, 1m 2 The contamination cabinet is used for static contamination, the male and female are respectively contaminated, and the contamination space is 50L/h/mouse. The sample stock solution is put in a sprayer and directly sprayed into a contamination cabinet for contamination, a mixing system of the contamination cabinet is started simultaneously to uniformly disperse the tested substances, and the contamination concentration of each time is obtained by a decrement method. Animals were removed after 2h and observed for 2 w.
3. Test results
After the female and male rats are infected with the virus, no obvious poisoning expression is seen, no death of the animals occurs in the observation period, and no obvious abnormality is seen in the gross anatomy.
TABLE 7 number of deaths of test animals and LC50(2h) values
And (4) conclusion: the sample has acute respiratory LC50(2h) value of more than 10000mg/m for female and male rats 3 It is really nontoxic.
Example 8
One complete skin irritation test: 5 times the maximum applied concentration
1. Materials and animals
And (3) testing a sample: the maximum application concentration of the stock solution of the disinfecting spray prepared in example 5 is 1: 20 is diluted for use. 5ml of the stock solution of the sterilizing spray prepared in example 5 was taken, and purified water was added to 20ml to prepare a solution with the highest application concentration of 5 times as high as that of the test substance.
Animals: 4 healthy new Zealand white rabbits without skin diseases, the weight of the ordinary rabbit is 2.8-3.5 kg;
the test conditions are as follows: ambient temperature: 22 +/-2 ℃; relative humidity: 40-70 percent;
the main apparatus is as follows: infant scales (05-324).
2. Method of producing a composite material
The inspection basis is as follows: the second part of the "Disinfection Specification" of the Ministry of health (2002) 2.3.3 skin irritation tests.
The test method comprises the following steps: shearing hairs on two sides of spinal column for preparing skin of about 3cm × 3cm respectively 24h before animal experiment, taking 0.5ml of test object to be smeared on one side of 2.5cm × 2.5cm of unhaired complete skin the next day, covering with 2 layers of gauze and 1 layer of cellophane, fixing with non-irritating adhesive plaster, not processing the other side as blank control, washing off residual test object with warm water after applying for 4h, observing and recording skin reaction after 1h, 24h and 48 h.
3. Test results
The test results are shown in Table 8:
TABLE 8 test substance one-time intact skin irritation response scores to rabbits
And (4) conclusion: the highest integral average value of the 5-time highest application concentration solution of the sample on the primary intact skin irritation reaction of the rabbits is 0, and the irritation strength is nonirritating.
Example 9
Rat bone marrow pleochromocyte micronucleus test
1. Materials and animals
The test substance: the stock solution of the disinfectant spray prepared in example 5 was used as a test substance. The stock solutions 1250, 2500, 5000mg of the disinfectant and insecticide spray prepared in example 5 were weighed respectively and mixed with purified water to 20ml to prepare the dosages shown in table 9.
Positive control: cyclophosphamide, supplied by Sigma-Aldrich, was prepared in purified water at a concentration of 2mg/ml for use.
Animals: clean grade healthy ICR mice were 50, weighing 25.0-27.8g, and male and female halves. The sterilized rat feed and the sterilized water were freely taken. The main apparatus is as follows: electronic scales (05-902) and electronic balances (05-268).
2. The method comprises the following steps:
the inspection basis is as follows: section II of the Disinfection Specification of the Ministry of health (2002) 2.3.8.4 mouse myelophagocytic and polycystic red blood cell micronucleus test.
The test method comprises the following steps: the positive control group, the negative control group (purified water) and each dosage group are subjected to 30-hour twice-intragastric administration, the intragastric administration capacity is 20ml/kg each time, mice are killed 6 hours after the 2 nd intragastric administration, femoral bone marrow is taken to be suspended in calf serum for direct smear, fixation and staining, 1000 polyblast eosinophils are subjected to microscopic examination of each mouse, cells with micronucleus are counted, 200 polyblast eosinophils are observed, the observed normal red cells are counted at the same time, the ratio (PCE/NCE) of the polyblast eosinophils to the normal red cells is calculated, and statistical analysis is performed by chi-square examination.
3. Test results
After the infection, animals in each dose group have no obvious poisoning expression, and compared with a control group, the micronucleus cell rate of each dose group has no significant difference (P is more than 0.05).
The test results are shown in Table 9.
TABLE 9 mouse bone marrow nucleus test results
Note: the micronucleus cell rate (‰) and PCE/NCE are expressed as mean + -standard deviation with mouse as statistical unit
**: compared with the negative control group, P is less than 0.01.
And (4) conclusion: the sample dosage reaches 5000mg/kg b.wt. the micronucleus effect on mouse marrow pleochromocyte is avoided.
Example 10
Field test of air sterilizing effect
1. The experimental conditions are as follows:
a laboratory: 20m 3 A space.
Neutralizer components and concentrations: 3% Tween-80, 0.5% sodium thiosulfate, 0.5% L-histidine, 0.5% peptone, 0.85% sodium chloride, 1.43% lecithin, 0.1% cysteine solution.
Culture medium: nutrient agar medium containing neutralizing agent (batch No. 20210315).
Using an instrument: a biochemical incubator (number: QFM-B-SO01) and a BY-300 air microorganism sampler (number: QFM-B-SO 46).
2. Method of producing a composite material
The detection basis is as follows: disinfection Specification 2002 edition-2.1.3.
Detecting the environment: the temperature is 25.1 ℃ and the humidity is 60 percent.
The method comprises the following steps: during the test, the stock solution of the sterilizing spray prepared in example 5 and water are mixed according to the required dosage, wherein the ratio of 1: after 20 dilutions, 200mL of the solution was atomized into the air in the test space, and after 60min of action, the sample was filled with nutrient agar medium plates containing 3% tween-80, 0.5% sodium thiosulfate, 0.5% L-histidine, 0.5% peptone, 0.85% sodium chloride, 1.43% lecithin, and a neutralizer for 0.1% cysteine solution, and the air in the space was sampled at the same sampling point. During sampling, the BY-300 air microorganism sampler is placed at the height of 1m in the center of a room, one point is set for sampling, sampling is carried out at the flow rate of 28.3 liters/min, the sampling time is 5min, and the test is repeated for 3 times.
After sampling, the plates were incubated at 36.0 ℃ for 48 h.
2. Results
See Table 10
And (4) conclusion: nebulizing 200mL of diluted sample to 20m 2 The test space is acted for 60min, the test is repeated for 3 times, the detection result of the natural bacteria death rate in the air is more than 90 percent, the test result meets the requirement of the 2002 edition-2.1.3.5 standard of disinfection technical Specification (the natural bacteria death rate is more than or equal to 90 percent), and the disinfection is qualified.
Example 11
Killing test for bacterial propagules
1. Equipment
Test bacteria: pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC15442) passage 5 (China general microbiological culture Collection center);
staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538) passage 5 (universal microbiological center of the chinese committee for culture collection);
escherichia coli (8099) generation 5 (China general microbiological culture Collection center);
neutralizing agent: 1% lecithin, 1% tween-80 TSB;
organic interferents: 3% bovine serum albumin;
a constant temperature incubator;
culture medium: common nutrient agar;
adjustable constant temperature water bath box (type: SD28R-30-A12Y) (number: 11-508)
Standard hard water: hardness is 342 mg/L;
2. method of producing a composite material
The inspection basis is as follows: disinfection Specification 2002 edition 2.1.1.5.5, 2.1.1.7.4.
And (3) identification test of a neutralizer:
test bacteria: pseudomonas aeruginosa;
concentration of the disinfectant: 1: 20 diluting liquid;
acting time: 3min, the test temperature is 20 ℃, and the test is repeated for 3 times;
quantitative sterilization test:
disinfectant concentration example 5 stock solutions of the prepared disinfecting sprays 1: 20 diluting liquid;
acting time: the test is repeated for 3 times at the test temperature of 20 ℃ for 7.5min, 15min and 22.5 min.
3. Results
TABLE 11 neutralizer identification test results
Note: negative controls were all grown aseptically. The error rates among the groups 3, 4 and 5 are respectively 5.67%, 6.06% and 5.70%;
TABLE 12 Effect on test bacteria
Note: negative controls were all grown aseptically.
And (4) conclusion:
1. 1% lecithin, 1% tween-80 TSB effectively stopped sample 1: 20, the residual toxicity of the diluent, and the neutralizing agent and the neutralization product have no adverse effect on the test bacteria and the culture medium, so that the neutralizing agent is judged to be the neutralizing agent for the quantitative sterilization test of the sample.
2. The disinfectant spray stock solution 1 prepared in example 5 at a test temperature of 20 c: the 20-minute dilution has killing log value of more than 5.00 to staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa in 15 minutes. Meets the requirements of 'sterilization technical specification' 2002 edition.
Example 12
Killing test for Candida albicans
1. Equipment
Test bacteria: candida albicans (ATCC10231) generation 5 (China general microbiological culture Collection center);
neutralizing agent: 1% lecithin, 1% tween-80 TSB;
organic interferents: 3% bovine serum albumin;
constant temperature incubator (type: 404L) (number: 11-528)
Culture medium: a Sabouraud medium;
adjustable constant temperature water bath box (type: SD28R-30-A12Y) (number: 11-508)
Standard hard water: hardness is 342 mg/L.
2. Method of producing a composite material
The inspection basis is as follows: disinfection technical Specification 2002 edition 2.1.1.5.5, 2.1.1.9
And (3) identification test of a neutralizer:
concentration of the disinfectant: 1: 20 diluting liquid;
acting time: 1min, the test temperature is 20 ℃, and the test is repeated for 3 times;
quantitative sterilization test:
concentration of the disinfectant: example 5 stock solutions of the resulting disinfecting sprays prepared 1: 20 diluting liquid;
acting time: the test is repeated for 3 times at the test temperature of 20 ℃ for 7.5min, 15min and 22.5 min.
3. Results
TABLE 13 neutralizer identification test results
Note: negative controls were all grown aseptically. The error rates among the groups 3, 4 and 5 were 7.18%, 2.64% and 5.21%, respectively.
TABLE 14 Effect on test bacteria
Note: negative controls were all grown aseptically.
And (4) conclusion:
1. 1% lecithin, 1% tween-80 TSB effectively stopped sample 1: 20, the residual toxicity of the diluent, and the neutralizing agent and the neutralization product have no adverse effect on the test bacteria and the culture medium, so that the neutralizing agent is judged to be the neutralizing agent for the quantitative sterilization test of the sample.
2. At a test temperature of 20 ℃, sample 1: the 20-minute dilution has a killing log value of > 4.00 to Candida albicans for 15 minutes. Meets the requirements of 'sterilization technical specification' 2002 edition.
Example 13
In situ test for disinfecting object surface
1. Equipment:
neutralizing agent: 1% lecithin, 1% tween-80 TSB;
culture medium: common nutrient agar;
a constant temperature incubator (model: 404L) (No. 11-528);
a mechanical stopwatch (model 504);
sterilized cotton swab, specification plate: 5cm × 5 cm;
2. method of producing a composite material
The inspection basis is as follows: disinfection Specification (2002 edition) 2.1.2.10;
disinfecting the object: a wood painted surface;
the disinfection mode is as follows: smearing for 1 time;
the sampling mode is as follows: cotton swab smearing method;
sample concentration: example 5 stock solutions of the resulting disinfecting sprays prepared 1: 20 diluting liquid;
and (3) disinfection time: 15 min;
test environment temperature: 21 ℃;
relative humidity: 58 percent.
3. Results
TABLE 15 field test results for sterilization of object surfaces
Note: negative control sterile growth
And (4) conclusion: 21 ℃ test ambient temperature, 58% relative humidity, sample 1: 20 dilution is smeared for 1 time for disinfection for 15 minutes, and the average killing logarithm value of the natural bacteria on the surface of the wood paint is more than 1.00. Meets the requirements of 'sterilization technical specification' 2002 edition.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the above embodiments and the description only, and are not intended to limit the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A disinfectant spray applicable to high-speed rail compartments comprises the following components: 300-2500ppm pre-prepared micro-nano zinc solution, 100-300ppm quaternary ammonium salt solution and water; the mass ratio of the micro-nano zinc solution to the quaternary ammonium salt solution to the water is 0.2-1.5: 2-4: 94.5-97.8; the quaternary ammonium salt solution is one or a mixture of benzalkonium chloride solution and benzalkonium bromide solution;
the preparation method of the disinfectant spray applicable to the high-speed rail compartment comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing zinc particles with the particle size of 10 nm-600 nm by using a microemulsion method; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1.1: the micro-emulsion consists of a surfactant, a cosurfactant, an organic solvent and deionized water, wherein the surfactant is dissolved in the organic solvent, mixed with the cosurfactant and the deionized water and stirred to prepare a WPO (waterborne polyurethane) reverse micro-emulsion system; the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant;
s1.2: respectively adding a zinc salt aqueous solution and a hydrazine hydrate solution with the concentration of 400-600 g/L into the WPO reverse microemulsion system, stirring and mixing, and reacting for 5-8h to prepare a zinc particle solution with the particle size of 10-600 nm; the reaction temperature is 40-80 ℃, and the stirring speed is 2000-5000 rpm;
s2: transferring the prepared zinc particles to the next reaction kettle, and preparing a micro-nano zinc solution for later use by utilizing a cavitation effect; the method specifically comprises the following steps: s2.1: transferring the zinc particle solution prepared in the step S1 to the next reaction kettle, stirring at 60 ℃ and the stirring speed of 2000-;
s2.2: reacting for 5 hours to prepare a micro-nano zinc solution;
s3: and (3) adding 100-2500 ppm pre-prepared micro-nano zinc solution into 100-300ppm quaternary ammonium salt solution and purified water, and uniformly stirring to prepare the sterilizing spray.
2. The disinfectant spray applicable to the high-speed railway carriage is characterized in that the volume ratio of the total volume of the nonionic surfactant, the cosurfactant and the organic solvent to the deionized water is 1-4:1, and the volume ratio of the nonionic surfactant to the cosurfactant to the organic solvent is 1-5:1: 2-4.
3. The germicidal spray for use in a high-speed railway carriage according to claim 2 wherein the organic solvent is one or more of an alkane, a cycloalkane; the nonionic surfactant is one or more of polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and high-carbon fatty polyoxyethylene ether; the cosurfactant is fatty alcohol.
4. The disinfectant spray applicable to high-speed railway carriages according to claim 2, characterized in that said organic solvent is cyclohexane; the cosurfactant is one or more of isoamyl alcohol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, n-nonanol, n-decanol and cetyl alcohol.
5. The disinfectant spray applicable to the high-speed railway carriage is characterized in that the volume ratio of the zinc salt aqueous solution to the hydrazine hydrate solution is 1:1, and the volume ratio of the hydrazine hydrate solution to the WPO reverse microemulsion system is 1: 3.5-4; the zinc salt is one or more of zinc sulfate, zinc nitrate, zinc citrate and zinc gluconate.
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| CN111657299A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-15 | 广州佳乐生态科技有限公司 | Composite nano-ion bacteriostatic agent |
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| WO2010133465A2 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2010-11-25 | Basf Se | Method for producing nanoparticles using miniemulsions |
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| CN103058259A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-24 | 湘潭大学 | Preparation method for chestnut-shaped copper sulphide hollow micron sphere composed of nanosheets |
| WO2015166702A1 (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2015-11-05 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Method for manufacturing hexagonal plate-shaped zinc oxide particles |
| CN105127439A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-12-09 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method for oil-phase silver nanoparticles |
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