CN113571737B - Air cooling pile environment simulation test system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Air cooling pile environment simulation test system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113571737B CN113571737B CN202110785098.6A CN202110785098A CN113571737B CN 113571737 B CN113571737 B CN 113571737B CN 202110785098 A CN202110785098 A CN 202110785098A CN 113571737 B CN113571737 B CN 113571737B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 129
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 122
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035485 pulse pressure Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 100
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04335—Temperature; Ambient temperature of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04791—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04798—Concentration; Density of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air-cooled pile environment simulation test system and a control method thereof, relates to an environment simulation device structure for fuel cell air-cooled pile test and an operation control method thereof, and more particularly relates to a test device condition and an operation management method with the functions of simulating environment air pressure, especially low air pressure, and controlling temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration and hydrogen concentration. Under the condition that the pressure of the hydrogen exhaust port is kept to be the same as the set environmental pressure, the hydrogen tail gas is not discharged into the circulating air of the testing device, so that the ventilation energy consumption, particularly the energy consumption of vacuum air suction under the condition of depressurization, can be greatly reduced, and the system safety is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a structure and a control method of an environment simulation device for testing an air-cooled pile of a fuel cell, in particular to a test and operation management method with the functions of simulating low air pressure of the environment and controlling temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration and hydrogen concentration.
Background
Hydrogen can be used in fuel cells to efficiently produce electrical energy, and is common in hydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Because the efficiency is lower than one hundred percent, the operation of the electric pile generates waste heat, and the electric pile is mainly divided into a water cooling pile and an air cooling pile according to a waste heat removing mode, namely a cooling mode.
The water-cooled galvanic pile generally has the characteristics of cathode pressurization and coolant circulation secondary cooling, and cathode air and cooling air have different physical channel spaces. Wherein, the cathode air can enter the cathode after being pressurized and humidified and is separated from the cooling cavity, and the liquid in the cooling cavity exchanges heat with the air outside the electric pile. The cathode air of an air-cooled electric pile is generally directly used in the environment atmosphere, and is directly cooled in the electric pile by using the air, a cooling channel and the cathode channel are integrated in the same physical space channel, and the air directly passes between polar plates of the electric pile and is not subjected to temperature, pressure and humidity treatment. For these reasons, air-cooled stacks perform much more severely depending on environmental conditions than water-cooled stacks.
Therefore, the environmental chamber for water-cooled pile test and the test method are greatly different from those for direct air-cooled pile, and the related technology needs to be developed in a targeted manner.
At present, the development of the atmospheric environmental simulation test of the water-cooled pile is less, and the development of the atmospheric environmental simulation test of the air-cooled pile is less.
Patent application CN111540930a discloses a device for air-cooled stacks, which is used for conventional testing of a plurality of air-cooled stacks under a repetitive structure to speed up the detection progress, but can only be performed under conventional atmospheric open conditions.
Patent application CN111162296a discloses a test room and a control method for atmospheric environment simulation. The technology is used for running the water-cooled galvanic pile in an environment simulation bin, pressurizing air in the environment bin for cathode gas, and radiating heat outside the environment bin. The hydrogen is directly discharged to the environment bin, the generated hydrogen is diffused in the test space and is sent to the cathode through the cathode air compressor, obviously, the electric pile runs on the cathode and has a certain amount of hydrogen which is different from that of cathode air in the actual environment, and the hydrogen is not radiated in the simulated climate environment bin, and the electric pile is fundamentally different from an air-cooled electric pile which is directly radiated to the surrounding environment of the electric pile. Because the hydrogen tail of the technology is discharged in an environment bin, in order to control the hydrogen concentration and reduce the influence of the hydrogen discharged from a cathode, the ventilation discharge is increased or the space is increased to dilute the hydrogen, and as a result, the space is increased or the space ventilation times are increased, and in the common simulated plateau low-pressure operation, the technology needs to expend larger vacuum ventilation energy consumption.
Patent application CN111380688A discloses a container formula detection device, to the water-cooled pile, its hydrogen tail gas mixes with air tail gas, discharges to the atmosphere to its hydrogen is independent with test storehouse pressure from the ambient pressure that the pile released, and the heat that the pile produced also does not discharge to the simulated climate environment storehouse of detection, is different with the principle of air-cooled pile test.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention relates to an environment simulation device structure for fuel cell air-cooled pile test and an operation control method, in particular to a test device condition and an operation management method with simulated environment air pressure, particularly low air pressure, and temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration and hydrogen concentration control.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the environment simulation test system for the air-cooled galvanic pile comprises an environment bin, a hydrogen management system and an air management system, wherein the environment is a vacuum-resistant pressure vessel environment bin, an air-cooled galvanic pile to be tested is placed in the middle of the environment bin, the air-cooled galvanic pile is provided with a fan for inducing air, a gap is arranged between the air-cooled galvanic pile and the environment bin, air can circulate, a wind direction anemometer for detecting wind direction and flow velocity is arranged in the gap, and the environment bin is further provided with a safety valve for limiting pressure to be not lower than a limiting value and an environment bin hydrogen concentration sensor close to an outlet.
Further, the hydrogen management system consists of a hydrogen source outside the environmental bin, a hydrogen controller, a tail gas buffer, a hydrogen water separator and a connecting pipeline which are sequentially connected outside the environmental bin, wherein one end of the hydrogen controller is connected with the hydrogen source. The other end links to each other with the tail gas buffer, and the connecting tube between tail gas buffer and the hydrogen water knockout drum is equipped with the tail gas buffer valve, and the connecting tube of hydrogen water knockout drum and environment atmosphere A is equipped with the broken empty valve of hydrogen water knockout drum, and the connecting tube of hydrogen water knockout drum and hydrogen vacuum system is equipped with and connects vacuum valve A, and the hydrogen water knockout drum is equipped with pressure sensor, and the pipeline of below is equipped with the drain valve of lower extreme.
Further, the hydrogen controller is a self-contained hydrogen controller of a galvanic pile arranged in the environmental bin or a hydrogen controller arranged outside the environmental bin.
Further, the external air pipeline system comprises a circulating pipeline, air supply, oxygen supply, nitrogen supply and deionized water supply, the circulating pipeline is connected with an air outlet from an environment bin, the circulating pipeline is sequentially connected with a post-stack hydrogen concentration sensor, a post-stack temperature sensor, a cooling heat exchanger, an air water separator, a circulating fan, a post-cooling humidity sensor, a post-cooling temperature sensor and an oxygen concentration sensor, and then the gas component adjusting section of the circulating pipeline is sequentially connected with the air component adjusting section, wherein the air component adjusting section comprises the air supply, the oxygen supply, the nitrogen supply, the deionized water supply, the pre-heating temperature sensor, the heating heat exchanger, the post-heating oxygen concentration sensor, the post-heating pressure sensor, the post-heating temperature sensor and the post-heating humidity sensor.
Further, the air water diversion device comprises an air water diversion device connected to the circulating pipeline and behind the cooling heat exchanger, a valve C for connecting vacuum is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the air water diversion device and the ambient atmosphere, an air water diversion valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the air water diversion device and the collector, a collector air breaking valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the collector and the ambient atmosphere B, a valve B for connecting vacuum is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the collector and the air vacuum system, a collector pressure sensor is arranged on the collector, and a collector drain valve is arranged on a pipeline below the collector.
For the testing device, the invention provides a control method for air-cooled pile environment simulation test, the system starts a main program, selects operation parameters or modifies the operation parameters, periodically detects parameters including various pressures, temperatures, humidity, concentration and flow, and continuously carries out the following processes.
The control method also comprises the control of an air subsystem control subprogram and a hydrogen subsystem operation control subprogram.
(1) Air subsystem control subroutine
When the test system enters a starting state, firstly starting an explosion-proof circulating fan, detecting wind direction and wind speed by a wind direction anemometer, keeping the relative wind direction from left to right, controlling the rotating speed of the circulating fan, and regulating the internal gas pressure to a set value by starting a vacuum-connected valve C on a circulating pipeline; if the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard, opening a valve C connected with vacuum on the circulating pipeline, simultaneously opening air supply, reducing the hydrogen concentration in the circulating pipeline until the hydrogen concentration is reduced to the hydrogen concentration set by test operation, so as to avoid the influence of the hydrogen concentration on the cathode operation condition of the electric pile, and avoiding the low concentration from being treated so as to save unnecessary excessive standard consumption;
after the conditions are met, opening a vacuum connection valve B on a collector of the circulating pipeline, opening an air water separator valve to ensure that the collector is under the same pressure with the circulating pipeline, and controlling a heating heat exchanger to heat to a preset temperature; according to the monitoring values of the humidity sensor after temperature reduction and the humidity sensor after temperature rise, if the humidity is lower than the required humidity, the spray adding water quantity is adjusted and increased, and if the humidity is higher than the required humidity, the cold water flow of the temperature reduction heat exchanger is increased, and the air is adjusted to the required dew point;
comparing the oxygen concentration set by the system according to the detected concentration of the oxygen concentration sensor and the oxygen concentration sensor after temperature rise, selecting air supply if the oxygen concentration is the same as the oxygen concentration set by the system, selecting oxygen supply if the concentration is lower than the system setting, selecting nitrogen supply if the concentration is higher than the system setting, and simultaneously selecting only one of the two to supply, wherein the pressure of the circulating pipeline is kept the same as the oxygen concentration entering the environmental bin; detecting the pressure of the circulating pipeline by using a pressure sensor after temperature rise, and reducing the pressure to a set value through a vacuum-connected valve C of the circulating pipeline if the pressure exceeds the set value; if the pressure is lower than the set value, according to the set oxygen concentration, air supply, oxygen supply and nitrogen supply are used for supplying air, oxygen supply and nitrogen supply, so that the pressure is increased and the oxygen concentration is controlled; the temperature of the gas in the circulating pipeline is controlled by using a cooling heat exchanger and a heating heat exchanger, and the detection points are a post-stack temperature sensor, a post-cooling temperature sensor, a pre-heating temperature sensor and a post-heating temperature sensor;
detecting the water level of the air channel collector, if the water level reaches a designated water discharge position, closing the air separator valve, opening the air channel collector air breaking valve, after water is discharged, closing the air channel collector air breaking valve, opening the valve B connected with vacuum for reducing pressure, and after the pressure is the same as that of the circulating pipeline, opening the air separator valve for receiving water again;
(2) Hydrogen subsystem control subroutine
When the test system enters a starting state, the hydrogen source does not introduce hydrogen into the air-cooled electric pile, an explosion-proof circulating fan is opened, and the hydrogen concentration is detected by using an environmental bin hydrogen concentration sensor and a hydrogen concentration sensor after the pile is discharged;
opening a tail gas buffer valve, opening a valve A connected with vacuum, detecting actual pressure by a pressure sensor, and enabling a hydrogen water separator air breaking valve to participate in pressure regulation, so as to maintain the pressure difference value between the pressure and the operating environment of the air-cooled electric pile within a certain range;
the hydrogen tail is discharged into a tail gas buffer, the pressure of the tail gas buffer is controlled within a certain range from the pressure of the circulating pipeline, and the pressure difference condition between a hydrogen cavity and an air cavity of the air-cooled electric pile in a real environment is simulated and maintained, wherein the hydrogen is not discharged into the circulating pipeline under the pulse pressure difference fluctuation condition;
when the water level of the hydrogen water separator reaches a preset discharge height, closing a tail gas buffer valve, opening a hydrogen water separator emptying valve, recovering the pressure of the hydrogen water separator to be the ambient atmospheric pressure to discharge water, after the pressure of the hydrogen water separator is recovered to be the same as the ambient atmosphere A, discharging water under the action of gravity by water in the hydrogen water separator, closing the hydrogen water separator emptying valve, opening a valve A connected with vacuum to enable the hydrogen water separator to be depressurized to the pressure value of a circulating pipeline, opening the tail gas buffer valve, receiving tail gas discharge, and continuing water receiving;
the water discharging time is selected at the instant after the end of the next tail gas pulse, the tail gas buffer valve is closed, and one period of emptying, water discharging, pressure reducing and water receiving is completed within 10-30 seconds of the pulse period.
Further, the hydrogen concentration set for the test run is 0 to 200ppm, preferably 10 to 100ppm.
Further, the wind speed of the circulating fan is controlled to be 0.1-2 m/s, preferably 0.2-0.5 m/s.
Further, the difference between the pressure of the hydrogen water separator air break valve and the operating environment pressure of the air-cooled electric pile is controlled to be +/-5.0 kPa, and preferably +/-0.2-2.0 kPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can obtain the simulation condition which is closer to the actual operation, is beneficial to reducing the test energy consumption and is convenient for the stable operation of the test. Under the condition that the pressure of the hydrogen exhaust port is kept to be the same as the set environmental pressure, the hydrogen tail gas is not discharged into the circulating air of the testing device, so that the ventilation energy consumption, particularly the energy consumption of vacuum air suction under the condition of depressurization, can be greatly reduced, and the system safety is improved.
The invention has the advantages of being beneficial to the volume reduction and the cost reduction of the air cooling pile test system and being beneficial to obtaining more comprehensive operation data. On the one hand because the power of the air cooled pile system is generally smaller than that of the water cooled pile system and on the other hand because the volume of the main container is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air-cooled galvanic pile environment simulation test system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test partial structure of an air cooled electric pile system with complete hydrogen management;
FIG. 3 is a schematic layout of a portion of the piping through an environmental chamber.
Wherein, 1, a circulating pipeline, 2, an air supply, 3, an oxygen supply, 4, a nitrogen supply, 5, a deionized water supply, 6, a heating heat exchanger, 7, a hydrogen source, 8, a self-contained hydrogen controller of a galvanic pile, 9, a tail gas buffer, 10, an ambient atmosphere A,11, a broken air valve of a hydrogen water separator, 12, the hydrogen water separator, 13, a water drain valve at the lower end, 14, a valve A connected with vacuum, 15, a hydrogen vacuum system, 16, a pressure sensor, 17, a tail gas buffer valve, 18, an ambient atmosphere B,19, a collector broken air valve, 20, a collector, 21, a collector water drain valve, 22, a valve B connected with vacuum, 23, an air vacuum system, 24, a collector pressure sensor, 25 and an air water separator valve, 26, an air water separator, 27, a valve C connected with vacuum, 28, an ambient atmosphere C,29, a cooling heat exchanger, 30, a circulating fan, 31, an oxygen concentration sensor, 32, a temperature sensor after cooling, 33, a humidity sensor after cooling, 34, a temperature sensor after stacking, 35, a hydrogen concentration sensor after stacking, 36, an ambient cabin hydrogen concentration sensor, 37, an air cooling electric pile, 38, an ambient cabin, 39, a safety valve, 40, an ambient atmosphere D,41, an anemometer, 42, a humidity sensor after heating, 43, a temperature sensor after heating, 44, a pressure sensor after heating, 45, an oxygen concentration sensor after heating, 46 and a temperature sensor before heating.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the present invention are all conventional methods, and all experimental equipment, materials, reagents, etc. used can be obtained from commercial sources.
The hydrogen vacuum system has conventional processing methods and facilities for hydrogen, which are not described in detail herein.
Example 1
In fig. 1, the environment simulation test device for the air-cooled electric pile consists of a test device main body provided with the electric pile to be tested, namely an environment cabin 38 for placing the air-cooled electric pile 37 to be tested, a hydrogen management system connected with the environment cabin 38 and an external air management system.
The ambient simulated air in the external air duct system is drawn in and out from opposite sides of the ambient chamber 38, the air being drawn in to the left and out to the right in this figure for convenience of description, which is a non-limiting relative orientation. The air cooling pile 37 to be measured is placed in the middle of the environmental chamber 38, the induced air direction of the fan of the air cooling pile 37 is the same as that of the left inlet and right outlet, a gap is arranged between the air cooling pile 37 and the environmental chamber 38, air can circulate, an air direction anemometer 41 for detecting the air direction and the flow speed is arranged in the gap, the environmental chamber 38 is also provided with a safety valve 39 for limiting the pressure to be not lower than a limiting value, and an environmental chamber hydrogen concentration sensor 36 close to an outlet.
The hydrogen management system comprises a self-contained hydrogen controller 8 of a galvanic pile in an environment bin 38, a hydrogen source 7 outside the environment bin 38, a tail gas buffer 9, a tail gas buffer valve 17 and a hydrogen water separator 12 which are connected with the lower end of the tail gas buffer 9, a hydrogen water separator emptying valve 11, a valve A14 connected with vacuum, a pressure sensor 16, a water drain valve 13 at the lower end and a connecting pipeline in the hydrogen water separator 12.
The external air pipeline system comprises a circulating pipeline 1, wherein the circulating pipeline 1 comprises air, oxygen, nitrogen and water for humidification, and the circulating pipeline 1 is coated with heat preservation and insulation materials so as to reduce heat exchange between various parts of the system and the environment. The circulating pipeline 1 of the air outlet is connected from the environment bin 38, and the post-stack hydrogen concentration sensor 35, the post-stack temperature sensor 34, the cooling heat exchanger 29, the air water diversion device, the vacuum-connected valve C27, the explosion-proof circulating fan 30, the post-cooling humidity sensor 33, the post-cooling temperature sensor 32, the oxygen concentration sensor 31, the air supply 2, the oxygen supply 3, the nitrogen supply 4, the deionized water supply 5, the pre-heating temperature sensor 46, the heating heat exchanger 6, the post-heating oxygen concentration sensor 45, the post-heating pressure sensor 44, the post-heating temperature sensor 43 and the post-heating humidity sensor 42 are sequentially connected to the circulating pipeline 1.
Wherein the air water diversion device comprises an air water diversion device 26 connected to the circulating pipeline 1, an air water diversion device valve 25 connected with a water outlet at the lower end of the air water diversion device 26, a collector water drain valve 21, a collector air break valve 19 on the collector 20, a collector pressure sensor 24, a valve B22 connected with vacuum, and a connecting pipeline.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, unlike the embodiment 1, the tested air-cooled cell 37 of this example has a self-contained hydrogen management system to control the discharge of hydrogen by itself, and the environment simulation test device of the air-cooled cell 37 only provides the hydrogen source 7, but does not provide the cell self-contained hydrogen controller 8, and the discharge of hydrogen generated by the air-cooled cell 37 directly enters the exhaust buffer 9, and the rest is the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the circulation pipe 1 passes through the circulation fan 30, passes through the interior of the environmental chamber 38, and then passes through the temperature-raising heat exchanger 6 to enter the interior of the environmental chamber 38. This arrangement reduces overall physical size over the arrangement of example 1. Other hydrogen off-gas management systems, various sensors, air management systems do not include other parts that pass through the environmental chamber 38, and the relative position and effect remains unchanged.
Example 4
For the testing device, the invention provides a control method for air-cooled pile environment simulation test, which comprises the following steps:
the system starts a main program, selects operation parameters or modifies the operation parameters, periodically detects parameters including various pressures, temperatures, humidity, concentration, flow rate and the like, and continuously proceeds in the following processes. In various cases, the fault protection instruction, the human interrupt instruction and the like detected by the system are preferentially and automatically executed, and the related instruction belongs to the convention and is not specifically described herein.
The control method comprises the control of an air subsystem control subprogram and a hydrogen subsystem operation control subprogram.
(1) Air subsystem control subroutine
When the test system enters a starting state, the explosion-proof circulating fan 30 is started first, the wind direction and the wind speed are detected by the wind direction anemometer 41, the relative wind direction is kept from left to right, the wind speed is preferably 0.1-2 m/s, more preferably 0.2-0.5 m/s, and the rotating speed of the circulating fan 30 is controlled accordingly.
The valve C27 connected to the vacuum is opened, the air separator valve 25 is opened, the valve B22 connected to the vacuum is opened, and the collector 20 is pressurized with the circulation pipe 1. Controlling the heating heat exchanger 6 to heat to a preset temperature; according to the humidity sensor 33 after temperature reduction and the humidity sensor 42 after temperature increase, if the humidity is lower than the required humidity, the amount of the added water sprayed is adjusted, and if the humidity is higher than the required humidity, the flow rate of the temperature reduction heat exchanger 29 is increased, and the air is adjusted to the required dew point.
Detecting the water level of the collector 20, if the water reaches a designated water discharge position, closing the air separator valve 25, opening the collector emptying valve 19, closing the collector emptying valve 19 after water discharge, opening the valve B22 connected with vacuum for decompression, and opening the air separator valve 25 for water collection again after the same pressure as the circulating pipeline 1 is reached.
In operation of the air-cooled stack 37, at least changes in temperature, pressure, humidity, oxygen content, hydrogen content are imparted to the circulating air.
If the hydrogen concentration sensor 29 of the environmental bin 38 or the hydrogen concentration sensor 36 after the stack is discharged detects that the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard, namely, the hydrogen concentration in the circulating pipeline 1 or the environmental bin 38 exceeds the standard, the valve C27 connected with vacuum is opened, the circulating air is continuously discharged, and meanwhile, the air is supplied to supplement the gas through the air, so that the hydrogen content in the system is reduced.
After the pressure and the temperature of the circulating pipeline 1 reach the indexes, humidity adjustment is carried out, and the humidity sensor 42 after temperature rise is utilized to control the water adding amount of the deionized water supply 5; according to the detected concentration of the oxygen concentration sensor 45 and the oxygen concentration sensor 31 after temperature rise, comparing the oxygen concentration set by the system, selecting air supply 2 if the concentration is the same, selecting oxygen supply 3 if the concentration is lower than the system setting, selecting nitrogen supply 4 if the concentration is higher than the system setting, and simultaneously selecting only one of the two supplies to keep the pressure of the circulating pipeline 1 and the oxygen concentration entering the environmental chamber 38; detecting the pressure of the circulating pipeline 1 by using the pressure sensor 44 after temperature rise, and reducing the pressure to a set value through the valve C27 connected with vacuum if the pressure exceeds the set value; if the pressure is lower than the set value, according to the set oxygen concentration, air supply is carried out through one of air supply 2, oxygen supply 3 and nitrogen supply 4, so that the pressure is increased and the oxygen concentration is controlled; the gas temperature in the circulation pipeline 1 is controlled by using the cooling heat exchanger 29 and the heating heat exchanger 6, and the detection points are a post-stack temperature sensor 34, a post-cooling temperature sensor 32, a pre-heating temperature sensor 46 and a post-heating temperature sensor 43.
(2) Hydrogen subsystem control subroutine
When the test system enters a starting state, the hydrogen source 7 does not introduce hydrogen into the air-cooled pile 37;
opening a valve A14 connected with vacuum, detecting the actual pressure of the hydrogen water separator 12 by a pressure sensor 16, and regulating the pressure by the hydrogen water separator emptying valve 11 and the valve A14 connected with vacuum together; when the detected pressure is higher than the set operating pressure, the valve A14 connected with vacuum is opened to reduce the pressure, when the detected pressure is lower than the set operating pressure, the hydrogen separator air break valve 11 is opened to improve the pressure, and the difference between the pressure and the operating environment pressure of the air-cooled electric pile 37 is maintained within a certain range, for example + -5.0 kPa, preferably + -0.2-2.0 kPa; after the pressure difference is within the above range, the exhaust buffer valve 17 is opened and the air-cooled stack 37 can be operated.
The hydrogen management systems are two, one is the operation management of the air-cooled pile 37, and the other is the direct management of the whole air-cooled pile environment simulation test system; the two methods are that the hydrogen tail is discharged into a tail gas buffer 9, the pressure of the tail gas buffer 9 is controlled within a preset range from the pressure of the circulating pipeline 1, such as within 1kPa, and the pressure difference condition between a hydrogen cavity and an air cavity of an air-cooled electric pile in a real environment is simulated and maintained, including the pulse pressure difference fluctuation condition, so that the hydrogen is not discharged into the circulating pipeline 1;
when the water level of the hydrogen water separator 12 reaches the preset discharge height, closing the tail gas buffer valve 17, opening the hydrogen water separator emptying valve 11, recovering the pressure of the hydrogen water separator 12 to be the same as the pressure of the ambient atmosphere A10, discharging water through the water discharge valve 13 at the lower end, closing the hydrogen water separator emptying valve 11, opening the valve A14 connected with vacuum to enable the pressure difference between the hydrogen water separator 12 and the circulating pipeline 1 to be the preset range, opening the tail gas buffer valve 17, and continuing to receive water;
when the water is needed to be drained, the tail gas buffer valve 17 is closed immediately after the tail gas pulse immediately after the water is sent out, the electric pile is generally in a pulse period of 10-30 seconds, and one period of emptying, water draining, pressure reducing and water receiving is completed in the period.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments of the invention are possible. Any obvious modifications thereof, which would be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, should be considered to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The air cooling electric pile environment simulation test system is characterized by comprising an environment bin (38), a hydrogen management system and an air management system, wherein the environment bin (38) is a vacuum-resistant pressure vessel environment bin, an air cooling electric pile (37) to be tested is placed in the middle of the environment bin (38), the air cooling electric pile (37) is provided with a fan for inducing air, a gap is formed between the air cooling electric pile (37) and the environment bin (38) and can circulate air, a wind direction anemometer (41) for detecting wind direction and flow speed is arranged in the gap, and the environment bin (38) is also provided with a safety valve (39) for limiting pressure to be not lower than a limiting value and an environment bin hydrogen concentration sensor (36) close to an outlet;
the hydrogen management system consists of a hydrogen source (7) outside an environment bin, a hydrogen controller, a tail gas buffer (9), a hydrogen water separator (12) and a connecting pipeline, wherein the tail gas buffer (9), the hydrogen controller and the environment bin (38) are sequentially connected outside the environment bin, one end of the hydrogen controller is connected with the hydrogen source (7), the other end of the hydrogen controller is connected with the tail gas buffer (9), a tail gas buffer valve (17) is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the tail gas buffer (9) and the hydrogen water separator (12), a hydrogen water separator empty breaking valve (11) is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hydrogen water separator (12) and the environment atmosphere A (10), a valve A (14) for connecting vacuum is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the hydrogen water separator (12) and the hydrogen vacuum system (15), a pressure sensor (16) is arranged on the hydrogen water separator (12), and a water drain valve (13) at the lower end is arranged on the pipeline below the hydrogen water separator;
the air management system comprises a circulating pipeline (1), an air supply (2), an oxygen supply (3), a nitrogen supply (4) and a deionized water supply (5), wherein the circulating pipeline (1) is connected with an air outlet from an environment bin (38), the circulating pipeline (1) is sequentially connected with a post-stack hydrogen concentration sensor (35), a post-stack temperature sensor (34), a cooling heat exchanger (29), an air water diversion device, a circulating fan (30), a post-cooling humidity sensor (33), a post-cooling temperature sensor (32) and an oxygen concentration sensor (31), and then sequentially connected with a gas component adjusting section of the circulating pipeline, wherein the gas component adjusting section comprises the air supply (2), the oxygen supply (3), the nitrogen supply (4), the deionized water supply (5), a pre-heating temperature sensor (46), a heating heat exchanger (6), a post-heating oxygen concentration sensor (45), a post-heating pressure sensor (44), a post-heating temperature sensor (43) and a post-heating humidity sensor (42) and then returns to the environment bin (38);
the air water diversion device comprises an air water diversion device (26) which is connected to a circulating pipeline (1) and behind a cooling heat exchanger (29), a vacuum connection valve C (27) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the air water diversion device (26) and an environment atmosphere 28, an air water diversion valve (25) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the air water diversion device (26) and a collector (20), a collector air breaking valve (19) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the collector (20) and the environment atmosphere B (18), a vacuum connection valve B (22) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the collector (20) and an air vacuum system (23), a collector pressure sensor (24) is arranged on the collector (20), and a collector water drain valve (21) is arranged on a pipeline below the collector.
2. An air-cooled pile environment simulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen controller is a pile self-contained hydrogen controller (8) arranged in an environment bin (38) or a hydrogen controller arranged outside the environment bin (38).
3. A control method for air cooling pile environment simulation test is characterized in that a system starts a main program, selects operation parameters or modifies the operation parameters, periodically detects parameters including various pressures, temperatures, humidity, concentration and flow, and continuously carries out the following processes;
the control method also comprises the control of an air subsystem control subprogram and a hydrogen subsystem operation control subprogram;
(1) Air subsystem control subroutine
When the test system enters a starting state, firstly, an explosion-proof circulating fan (30) is started, a wind direction anemometer (41) detects wind direction and wind speed, the relative wind direction is kept from left to right, the rotating speed of the circulating fan (30) is controlled, and the internal gas pressure is regulated to a set value by starting a valve C (27) connected with vacuum on a circulating pipeline (1); if the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard, opening a valve C (27) connected with vacuum on the circulating pipeline and simultaneously opening an air supply (2), and reducing the hydrogen concentration in the circulating pipeline (1) until the hydrogen concentration is reduced to the hydrogen concentration set by test operation, so as to avoid the influence of the hydrogen concentration on the cathode operation condition of the electric pile, and the low concentration is not treated, so that unnecessary excessive standard consumption is saved;
after the conditions are met, a valve B (22) connected with vacuum on a collector (20) of the circulating pipeline (1) is opened, an air water separator valve (25) is opened, the collector (20) and the circulating pipeline (1) are subjected to the same pressure, and the temperature rising heat exchanger (6) is controlled to rise to a preset temperature; according to the monitoring values of the humidity sensor (33) after temperature reduction and the humidity sensor (42) after temperature increase, if the humidity is lower than the required humidity, the spray water adding amount is adjusted to be increased, if the humidity is higher than the required humidity, the cold water flow of the temperature reduction heat exchanger (29) is increased, and the air is adjusted to the required dew point;
comparing the oxygen concentration set by the system according to the detected concentration of the oxygen concentration sensor (31) and the oxygen concentration sensor (45) after temperature rise, if the oxygen concentration is the same as the oxygen concentration set by the system, selecting air supply (2), selecting oxygen supply (4) if the concentration is lower than the system setting, selecting nitrogen supply (4) if the concentration is higher than the system setting, and simultaneously selecting only one of the two gas supplies to keep the pressure of the circulating pipeline (1) the same as the oxygen concentration entering the environmental bin (38); detecting the pressure of the circulating pipeline (1) by using a pressure sensor (44) after temperature rise, and reducing the pressure to a set value through a valve C (27) connected with vacuum of the circulating pipeline (1) if the pressure exceeds the set value; if the pressure is lower than the set value, according to the set oxygen concentration, air supply is carried out through one of air supply (2), oxygen supply (3) and nitrogen supply (4), so that the pressure is increased and the oxygen concentration is controlled; the temperature of the gas in the circulating pipeline (1) is controlled by using a cooling heat exchanger (29) and a heating heat exchanger (6), and detection points are a post-stack temperature sensor (34), a post-cooling temperature sensor (32), a pre-heating temperature sensor (46) and a post-heating temperature sensor (43);
detecting the water level of an air channel collector (20), if the water level reaches a designated water discharge position, closing an air water separator valve (25), opening an air channel collector air breaking valve (19), after water discharge, closing the air channel collector air breaking valve (19), opening a valve B (22) connected with vacuum for decompression, and after the water is under the same pressure with a circulating pipeline (1), opening the air water separator valve (25) for water collection again;
(2) Hydrogen subsystem control subroutine
When the test system enters a starting state, the hydrogen source (7) does not introduce hydrogen into the air-cooled electric pile (37), an explosion-proof circulating fan (30) is opened, and the hydrogen concentration is detected by using an environment bin hydrogen concentration sensor (36) and a pile-out hydrogen concentration sensor (35);
opening a tail gas buffer valve (17), opening a valve A (14) connected with vacuum, detecting actual pressure by a pressure sensor (16), and enabling a hydrogen water separator air breaking valve (11) to participate in regulating pressure, so as to maintain the pressure difference value between the pressure and the operating environment of an air-cooled electric pile (37) within a certain range;
the hydrogen tail is discharged into a tail gas buffer (9), the pressure of the tail gas buffer (9) is controlled within a certain range from the pressure difference of the circulating pipeline (1), and the pressure difference condition between a hydrogen cavity and an air cavity of an air-cooled electric pile (37) in a real environment is simulated and maintained, wherein the hydrogen is not discharged into the circulating pipeline (1) under the pulse pressure difference fluctuation condition;
when the water level of the hydrogen water separator (12) reaches a preset discharge height, closing a tail gas buffer valve (17), opening a hydrogen water separator emptying valve (11), recovering the pressure of the hydrogen water separator (12) to be the ambient atmospheric pressure to discharge water, after the pressure of the hydrogen water separator (12) is recovered to be the same as the ambient atmosphere A (10), discharging water under the action of gravity from the water in the hydrogen water separator (12), closing the hydrogen water separator emptying valve (11), opening a valve A (14) connected with vacuum to enable the hydrogen water separator (12) to be depressurized to the pressure value of a circulating pipeline (1), opening the tail gas buffer valve (17), receiving tail gas discharge, and continuing water receiving;
the water discharge time is selected at the instant after the end of the next tail gas pulse, the tail gas buffer valve (17) is closed, and one period of emptying, water discharge, decompression and water receiving is completed within 10-30 seconds of the pulse period.
4. A control method for air-cooled pile environment simulation test according to claim 3, characterized in that the hydrogen concentration set by the test operation is 0-200 ppm.
5. The control method for air-cooled pile environment simulation test according to claim 3, characterized in that the wind speed of the circulating fan is controlled to be 0.1-2 m/s.
6. A control method for air-cooled pile environment simulation test according to claim 3, characterized in that the difference between the pressure of the hydrogen water separator air break valve (11) and the air-cooled pile (37) running environment pressure is controlled to be + -5.0 kPa.
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| CN114204078A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-18 | 上海凌逐新能源科技有限公司 | Safety system for wind tunnel type fuel cell environment cabin |
| CN114204076B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-11-24 | 大连锐格新能源科技有限公司 | Environment simulation test cabin for fuel cell water-cooled pile |
| CN114542448B (en) * | 2022-03-05 | 2023-08-15 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Durability test method for hydrogen circulating pump |
| CN114937787B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-01-02 | 上海交通大学内蒙古研究院 | Air-cooled fuel cell test system |
| CN115307248A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-08 | 大连锐格新能源科技有限公司 | Tail exhaust back pressure discharge device for fuel cell small-scale test and use method thereof |
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