CN113571260B - 一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法 - Google Patents
一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,涉及到电缆制造技术领域,解决了现有技术中通信电缆不能满足特种行业的需要,在极端环境下不能够正常工作,很容易发生损坏等问题,所述新型超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,包括以下步骤:将镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线绞合得导体;将改性聚氯乙烯塑料挤出后拉伸包覆导体形成线芯;将硅锗合金网包覆线芯后,再用辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料挤包形成绝缘层;将改性硅橡胶挤包在绝缘层外,形成外护套即得。本发明电缆柔软性好,耐弯曲,具有良好的阻燃性、防水性、耐蚀性、耐老化性和抗氧化性,可广泛应用于恶劣、苛刻的环境中,大大延长通信电缆的使用稳定性和使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆制造技术领域,尤其涉及一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法。
背景技术
电线电缆是输送电能、传送信息和制造各种电机、电器、仪表、汽车、机床等设备所不可缺少的基础器材,是电气化、信息化社会中必要的基础产品。
随着通讯技术的发展,无线移动通信呈现以下发展趋势:(1)向更高频率方向发展,应用频率范围从50-150MHz频段转变到450-1800MHz频段,通讯容量更大;(2)向高品质线路方向发展:数字传输,高码速传输;(3)朝人口密度相对集中的市区和限定区域发展:如隧道、半埋高速公路、地下停车场、矿井等。
特种通信电缆即指需要在特种环境下进行信号的传输,一般情况下,其使用条件和环境既恶劣又苛刻,气候条件多变,地貌变化异常,有沼泽湿地、坚硬的岩石地或沙漠等等。现有的多数通信电缆因材质、结构或制造工艺的问题并不能满足特种行业的需要,其防水、耐腐蚀、耐折、扭、拉、压等性能差,在一些极端的环境下不能够正常工作,很容易发生损坏,出现工作不稳定的情况,使信号传输失真,信号传输不畅等问题。基于上述陈述,本发明提出了一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中通信电缆因材质、结构或制造工艺的问题并不能满足特种行业的需要,其防水、耐腐蚀、耐折、扭、拉、压等性能差,在一些极端的环境下不能够正常工作,很容易发生损坏,出现工作不稳定的情况,使信号传输失真,信号传输不畅等问题,而提出的一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法。
一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别选取直径为0.25-0.45mm的镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线各5根,将镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线依次间隔排开后,相互绞合紧实,获得电缆导体;
S2、制备改性聚氯乙烯塑料,并将其挤出初步形成与电缆导体相配合的厚度为3-5mm的管状,经进一步拉伸使其紧密的包覆导体,形成线芯;
S3、利用厚度为1-1.5mm的硅锗合金网包裹线芯后,将辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料直接挤包在硅锗合金网包裹的线芯上,形成结构紧实的绝缘层;
S4、最后将改性硅橡胶挤包在绝缘层外,形成结构紧实的外护套,即得所需的超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆。
优选的,所述步骤S2中改性聚氯乙烯塑料包括以下重量份的原料:聚氯乙烯70-90份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物38-45份、改性玻璃纤维20-30份、硼酸锌3-5份、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯3-5份、异丙醇28-38份。
优选的,所述改性玻璃纤维由以下方法制得:(1)按料液比1:1.5-2.5,将玻璃纤维加入到浓度为23-28%的盐酸水溶中,升温至55-65℃,超声分散5-10min后,保温静置处理20-30min,过滤,水洗至中性后烘干;(2)按质量比1:1-1.2:0.3-0.5,将步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、硬脂酸丁酯共同加入到超声分散机中,于95-105℃的温度下,预混合3-5min后,加入4-二甲氨基吡啶和白云母粉超声分散10-20min,过滤、清洗、烘干,即得改性玻璃纤维。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中4-二甲氨基吡啶的加入量为步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维总量的4-7%,白云母粉的加入量为步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维总量的68-75%。
优选的,所述改性聚氯乙烯塑料的制备方法为:(1)于50-70℃的温度下,将改性玻璃纤维分散于异丙醇中,加入乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和硼酸锌,搅拌处理10-20min,得混合液;(2)将聚氯乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和步骤(1)中的混合物共同加入到密炼机中,混合密炼5-10min,即得改性聚氯乙烯塑料。
优选的,所述步骤S2中的拉伸条件具体为:拉伸温度为118-124℃,拉伸速度为15-22mm/min,拉伸倍数为4-8倍。
优选的,所述步骤S3中辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料由60-70重量份的聚乙烯、20-30重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、2-4重量份的硼酸锌、12-18重量份的纳米氢氧化镁、4-7重量份的石蜡基白油、1-3重量份的羟苯基丙酰胺苯甲酸和1-3重量份的癸二酸二辛酯共混均匀后挤出,最后经辐照加工后热延伸即得辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料。
优选的,所述辐照加工具体指:以γ60CO,源强为3.7×1015Bq的辐射源,在室温下,N2氛围内,以10kGy/h的辐照剂量率对线材辐照10-20min。
优选的,所述步骤S4中的改性硅橡胶由58-65重量份的硅橡胶、32-40重量份的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、16-20重量份的改性剂、4-5重量份的癸二酸二丁酯、1-3重量份的L-氨基丙酸和1-3重量份的乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯混合密炼而得。
优选的,所述改性剂由质量比为5-7:1-2:6-9的丙烯酸十八酯、3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷和聚乙二醇复配而得。
本发明提出的一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明将镀锡铜线和镀锌铜线绞合紧实用作通信电缆导体,采用挤压成型后拉伸的工艺将改性聚氯乙烯材料包覆在导体外围形成线芯,再依次包裹硅锗合金网和挤包绝缘层和护套层,制得所需的超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆;本发明制备方法简单,采用挤压成型后在拉伸的导体包覆工艺,有效避免了聚氯乙烯层偏芯和生产过程中的线芯磨损和刮伤的问题;本发明所得通信电缆柔软性好,耐弯曲,具有良好的阻燃性、防水性、耐蚀性、耐老化性和抗氧化性,可广泛应用于恶劣、苛刻的环境中,特别是高湿、高热或高寒地区,大大延长通信电缆的使用稳定性和使用寿命。
2、本发明将玻璃纤维改性,大大改善增强韧性,改善其耐磨性和分散性,然后与聚氯乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、硼酸锌、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和异丙醇共混制得改性聚氯乙烯,所得改性聚氯乙烯具有机械强度高、抗冲击性、阻燃性、耐磨性、耐热隔热性和耐腐蚀性好。
3、本发明利用硅锗合金网包裹线芯后,再包裹辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料形成绝缘层,在有效保证均匀线芯外表面电场的同时,起到了良好的缓冲、屏蔽、隔热、耐油、耐寒、阻燃、防开裂等不同的作用。
4、本发明采用丙烯酸十八酯、3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷和聚乙二醇复配制得改性剂,将改性剂与硅橡胶、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、改性剂、癸二酸二丁酯、L-氨基丙酸和乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯混合密炼制得改性硅橡胶,所得改性硅橡胶具有良好的机械性能、耐高热耐寒性、耐久性和稳定性;改性后的硅橡胶其防水、耐腐蚀、耐折、扭、拉、压等性能均有一定改善。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
实施例一
本发明提出的一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别选取直径为0.25mm的镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线各5根,将镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线依次间隔排开后,相互绞合紧实,获得电缆导体;
S2、制备线芯:
称取聚氯乙烯70份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物38份、改性玻璃纤维20份、硼酸锌3份、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯3份、异丙醇28份备用,其中改性玻璃纤维由以下方法制得:(1)按料液比1:1.5,将玻璃纤维加入到浓度为23%的盐酸水溶中,升温至55℃,超声分散5min后,保温静置处理20min,过滤,水洗至中性后烘干;(2)按质量比1:1:0.3,将步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、硬脂酸丁酯共同加入到超声分散机中,于95℃的温度下,预混合3min后,加入步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维总量4%的4-二甲氨基吡啶和68%的白云母粉超声分散10min,过滤、清洗、烘干,即得改性玻璃纤维;
制备改性聚氯乙烯塑料:(1)于50℃的温度下,将改性玻璃纤维分散于异丙醇中,加入乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和硼酸锌,搅拌处理10min,得混合液;(2)将聚氯乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和步骤(1)中的混合物共同加入到密炼机中,混合密炼5min,即得改性聚氯乙烯塑料;
将改性聚氯乙烯塑料挤出初步形成与电缆导体相配合的厚度为3mm的管状,经进一步拉伸使其紧密的包覆导体,形成线芯,其中,拉伸温度为118℃,拉伸速度为15mm/min,拉伸倍数为4倍;
S3、挤包绝缘层:
将60重量份的聚乙烯、20重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、2重量份的硼酸锌、12重量份的纳米氢氧化镁、4重量份的石蜡基白油、1重量份的羟苯基丙酰胺苯甲酸和1重量份的癸二酸二辛酯共混均匀后挤出,最后经辐照加工后热延伸即得辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料,其中,辐照加工具体指:以γ60CO,源强为3.7×1015Bq的辐射源,在室温下,N2氛围内,以10kGy/h的辐照剂量率对线材辐照10min;
利用厚度为1mm的硅锗合金网包裹线芯后,将辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料直接挤包在硅锗合金网包裹的线芯上,形成结构紧实的绝缘层;
S4、挤包外护套:
将58重量份的硅橡胶、32重量份的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、16重量份的改性剂、4重量份的癸二酸二丁酯、1重量份的L-氨基丙酸和1重量份的乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯混合密炼制得改性硅橡胶,其中,改性剂由质量比为5:1:6的丙烯酸十八酯、3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷和聚乙二醇复配而得;
最后将改性硅橡胶挤包在绝缘层外,形成结构紧实的外护套,即得所需的超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆。
实施例二
本发明提出的一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别选取直径为0.35mm的镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线各5根,将镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线依次间隔排开后,相互绞合紧实,获得电缆导体;
S2、制备线芯:
称取聚氯乙烯80份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物42份、改性玻璃纤维25份、硼酸锌4份、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯4份、异丙醇33份备用,其中改性玻璃纤维由以下方法制得:(1)按料液比1:2,将玻璃纤维加入到浓度为25%的盐酸水溶中,升温至60℃,超声分散8min后,保温静置处理25min,过滤,水洗至中性后烘干;(2)按质量比1:1.1:0.4,将步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、硬脂酸丁酯共同加入到超声分散机中,于100℃的温度下,预混合4min后,加入步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维总量5.5%的4-二甲氨基吡啶和72%的白云母粉超声分散15min,过滤、清洗、烘干,即得改性玻璃纤维;
制备改性聚氯乙烯塑料:(1)于60℃的温度下,将改性玻璃纤维分散于异丙醇中,加入乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和硼酸锌,搅拌处理15min,得混合液;(2)将聚氯乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和步骤(1)中的混合物共同加入到密炼机中,混合密炼8min,即得改性聚氯乙烯塑料;
将改性聚氯乙烯塑料挤出初步形成与电缆导体相配合的厚度为4mm的管状,经进一步拉伸使其紧密的包覆导体,形成线芯,其中,拉伸温度为121℃,拉伸速度为18mm/min,拉伸倍数为6倍;
S3、挤包绝缘层:
将65重量份的聚乙烯、25重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、3重量份的硼酸锌、15重量份的纳米氢氧化镁、5.5重量份的石蜡基白油、2重量份的羟苯基丙酰胺苯甲酸和2重量份的癸二酸二辛酯共混均匀后挤出,最后经辐照加工后热延伸即得辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料,其中,辐照加工具体指:以γ60CO,源强为3.7×1015Bq的辐射源,在室温下,N2氛围内,以10kGy/h的辐照剂量率对线材辐照15min;
利用厚度为1.2mm的硅锗合金网包裹线芯后,将辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料直接挤包在硅锗合金网包裹的线芯上,形成结构紧实的绝缘层;
S4、挤包外护套:
将62重量份的硅橡胶、36重量份的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、18重量份的改性剂、4.5重量份的癸二酸二丁酯、2重量份的L-氨基丙酸和2重量份的乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯混合密炼制得改性硅橡胶,其中,改性剂由质量比为6:1.5:7.5的丙烯酸十八酯、3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷和聚乙二醇复配而得;
最后将改性硅橡胶挤包在绝缘层外,形成结构紧实的外护套,即得所需的超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆。
实施例三
本发明提出的一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别选取直径为0.45mm的镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线各5根,将镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线依次间隔排开后,相互绞合紧实,获得电缆导体;
S2、制备线芯:
称取聚氯乙烯90份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物45份、改性玻璃纤维30份、硼酸锌5份、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯5份、异丙醇38份备用,其中改性玻璃纤维由以下方法制得:(1)按料液比1:2.5,将玻璃纤维加入到浓度为28%的盐酸水溶中,升温至65℃,超声分散10min后,保温静置处理30min,过滤,水洗至中性后烘干;(2)按质量比1:1.2:0.5,将步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、硬脂酸丁酯共同加入到超声分散机中,于105℃的温度下,预混合5min后,加入步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维总量7%的4-二甲氨基吡啶和75%的白云母粉超声分散20min,过滤、清洗、烘干,即得改性玻璃纤维;
制备改性聚氯乙烯塑料:(1)于70℃的温度下,将改性玻璃纤维分散于异丙醇中,加入乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和硼酸锌,搅拌处理20min,得混合液;(2)将聚氯乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和步骤(1)中的混合物共同加入到密炼机中,混合密炼10min,即得改性聚氯乙烯塑料;
将改性聚氯乙烯塑料挤出初步形成与电缆导体相配合的厚度为5mm的管状,经进一步拉伸使其紧密的包覆导体,形成线芯,其中,拉伸温度为124℃,拉伸速度为22mm/min,拉伸倍数为8倍;
S3、挤包绝缘层:
将70重量份的聚乙烯、30重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、4重量份的硼酸锌、18重量份的纳米氢氧化镁、7重量份的石蜡基白油、3重量份的羟苯基丙酰胺苯甲酸和3重量份的癸二酸二辛酯共混均匀后挤出,最后经辐照加工后热延伸即得辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料,其中,辐照加工具体指:以γ60CO,源强为3.7×1015Bq的辐射源,在室温下,N2氛围内,以10kGy/h的辐照剂量率对线材辐照20min;
利用厚度为1.5mm的硅锗合金网包裹线芯后,将辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料直接挤包在硅锗合金网包裹的线芯上,形成结构紧实的绝缘层;
S4、挤包外护套:
将65重量份的硅橡胶、40重量份的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、20重量份的改性剂、5重量份的癸二酸二丁酯、3重量份的L-氨基丙酸和3重量份的乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯混合密炼制得改性硅橡胶,其中,改性剂由质量比为7:2:9的丙烯酸十八酯、3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷和聚乙二醇复配而得;
最后将改性硅橡胶挤包在绝缘层外,形成结构紧实的外护套,即得所需的超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆。
对比例一
本发明提出的一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别选取直径为0.25mm的镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线各5根,将镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线依次间隔排开后,相互绞合紧实,获得电缆导体;
S2、制备线芯:
称取聚氯乙烯70份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物38份、玻璃纤维20份、硼酸锌3份、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯3份、异丙醇28份备用;
制备改性聚氯乙烯塑料:(1)于50℃的温度下,将玻璃纤维分散于异丙醇中,加入乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和硼酸锌,搅拌处理10min,得混合液;(2)将聚氯乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和步骤(1)中的混合物共同加入到密炼机中,混合密炼5min,即得改性聚氯乙烯塑料;
将改性聚氯乙烯塑料挤出初步形成与电缆导体相配合的厚度为3mm的管状,经进一步拉伸使其紧密的包覆导体,形成线芯,其中,拉伸温度为118℃,拉伸速度为15mm/min,拉伸倍数为4倍;
S3、挤包绝缘层:
将60重量份的聚乙烯、20重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、2重量份的硼酸锌、12重量份的纳米氢氧化镁、4重量份的石蜡基白油、1重量份的羟苯基丙酰胺苯甲酸和1重量份的癸二酸二辛酯共混均匀后挤出,最后经辐照加工后热延伸即得辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料,其中,辐照加工具体指:以γ60CO,源强为3.7×1015Bq的辐射源,在室温下,N2氛围内,以10kGy/h的辐照剂量率对线材辐照10min;
利用厚度为1mm的硅锗合金网包裹线芯后,将辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料直接挤包在硅锗合金网包裹的线芯上,形成结构紧实的绝缘层;
S4、挤包外护套:
将58重量份的硅橡胶、32重量份的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、16重量份的改性剂、4重量份的癸二酸二丁酯、1重量份的L-氨基丙酸和1重量份的乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯混合密炼制得改性硅橡胶,其中,改性剂由质量比为5:1:6的丙烯酸十八酯、3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷和聚乙二醇复配而得;
最后将改性硅橡胶挤包在绝缘层外,形成结构紧实的外护套,即得所需的超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆。
对比例二
本发明提出的一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别选取直径为0.25mm的镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线各5根,将镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线依次间隔排开后,相互绞合紧实,获得电缆导体;
S2、制备线芯:
称取聚氯乙烯70份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物38份、改性玻璃纤维20份、硼酸锌3份、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯3份、异丙醇28份备用,其中改性玻璃纤维由以下方法制得:(1)按料液比1:1.5,将玻璃纤维加入到浓度为23%的盐酸水溶中,升温至55℃,超声分散5min后,保温静置处理20min,过滤,水洗至中性后烘干;(2)按质量比1:1:0.3,将步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、硬脂酸丁酯共同加入到超声分散机中,于95℃的温度下,预混合3min后,加入步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维总量4%的4-二甲氨基吡啶和68%的白云母粉超声分散10min,过滤、清洗、烘干,即得改性玻璃纤维;
制备改性聚氯乙烯塑料:(1)于50℃的温度下,将改性玻璃纤维分散于异丙醇中,加入乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和硼酸锌,搅拌处理10min,得混合液;(2)将聚氯乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和步骤(1)中的混合物共同加入到密炼机中,混合密炼5min,即得改性聚氯乙烯塑料;
将改性聚氯乙烯塑料挤包在电缆导体外,形成线芯;
S3、挤包绝缘层:
将60重量份的聚乙烯、20重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、2重量份的硼酸锌、12重量份的纳米氢氧化镁、4重量份的石蜡基白油、1重量份的羟苯基丙酰胺苯甲酸和1重量份的癸二酸二辛酯共混均匀后挤出,最后经辐照加工后热延伸即得辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料,其中,辐照加工具体指:以γ60CO,源强为3.7×1015Bq的辐射源,在室温下,N2氛围内,以10kGy/h的辐照剂量率对线材辐照10min;
利用厚度为1mm的硅锗合金网包裹线芯后,将辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料直接挤包在硅锗合金网包裹的线芯上,形成结构紧实的绝缘层;
S4、挤包外护套:
将58重量份的硅橡胶、32重量份的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、16重量份的改性剂、4重量份的癸二酸二丁酯、1重量份的L-氨基丙酸和1重量份的乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯混合密炼制得改性硅橡胶,其中,改性剂由质量比为5:1:6的丙烯酸十八酯、3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷和聚乙二醇复配而得;
最后将改性硅橡胶挤包在绝缘层外,形成结构紧实的外护套,即得所需的超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆。
对比例三
本发明提出的一种超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别选取直径为0.25mm的镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线各5根,将镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线依次间隔排开后,相互绞合紧实,获得电缆导体;
S2、制备线芯:
称取聚氯乙烯70份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物38份、改性玻璃纤维20份、硼酸锌3份、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯3份、异丙醇28份备用,其中改性玻璃纤维由以下方法制得:(1)按料液比1:1.5,将玻璃纤维加入到浓度为23%的盐酸水溶中,升温至55℃,超声分散5min后,保温静置处理20min,过滤,水洗至中性后烘干;(2)按质量比1:1:0.3,将步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、硬脂酸丁酯共同加入到超声分散机中,于95℃的温度下,预混合3min后,加入步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维总量4%的4-二甲氨基吡啶和68%的白云母粉超声分散10min,过滤、清洗、烘干,即得改性玻璃纤维;
制备改性聚氯乙烯塑料:(1)于50℃的温度下,将改性玻璃纤维分散于异丙醇中,加入乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和硼酸锌,搅拌处理10min,得混合液;(2)将聚氯乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和步骤(1)中的混合物共同加入到密炼机中,混合密炼5min,即得改性聚氯乙烯塑料;
将改性聚氯乙烯塑料挤出初步形成与电缆导体相配合的厚度为3mm的管状,经进一步拉伸使其紧密的包覆导体,形成线芯,其中,拉伸温度为118℃,拉伸速度为15mm/min,拉伸倍数为4倍;
S3、挤包绝缘层:
将60重量份的聚乙烯、20重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、2重量份的硼酸锌、12重量份的纳米氢氧化镁、4重量份的石蜡基白油、1重量份的羟苯基丙酰胺苯甲酸和1重量份的癸二酸二辛酯共混均匀后挤出,最后经辐照加工后热延伸即得辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料,其中,辐照加工具体指:以γ60CO,源强为3.7×1015Bq的辐射源,在室温下,N2氛围内,以10kGy/h的辐照剂量率对线材辐照10min;
利用厚度为1mm的硅锗合金网包裹线芯后,将辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料直接挤包在硅锗合金网包裹的线芯上,形成结构紧实的绝缘层;
S4、挤包外护套:
将58重量份的硅橡胶、32重量份的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、16重量份的改性剂、4重量份的癸二酸二丁酯、1重量份的L-氨基丙酸和1重量份的乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯混合密炼制得改性硅橡胶,其中,改性剂为丙烯酸十八酯;
最后将改性硅橡胶挤包在绝缘层外,形成结构紧实的外护套,即得所需的超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆。
性能测试:
对本发明实施例一三以及对比例一-三中制备的特种通信电缆进行性能测试,检测结果如下:
注:磨耗条件:CS17轮、1000g/轮、5000r/m23℃。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种新型超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、分别选取直径为0.25-0.45mm的镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线各5根,将镀锌铜线和镀锡铜线依次间隔排开后,相互绞合紧实,获得电缆导体;
S2、制备改性聚氯乙烯塑料,并将其挤出初步形成与电缆导体相配合的厚度为3-5mm的管状,经进一步拉伸使其紧密的包覆导体,形成线芯;
S3、利用厚度为1-1.5mm的硅锗合金网包裹线芯后,将辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料直接挤包在硅锗合金网包裹的线芯上,形成结构紧实的绝缘层;
S4、最后将改性硅橡胶挤包在绝缘层外,形成结构紧实的外护套,即得所需的新型超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆;
所述步骤S2中改性聚氯乙烯塑料包括以下重量份的原料:聚氯乙烯70-90份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物38-45份、改性玻璃纤维20-30份、硼酸锌3-5份、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯3-5份、异丙醇28-38份;
所述改性玻璃纤维由以下方法制得:(1)按料液比1:1.5-2.5,将玻璃纤维加入到浓度为23-28%的盐酸水溶中,升温至55-65℃,超声分散5-10min后,保温静置处理20-30min,过滤,水洗至中性后烘干;(2)按质量比1:1-1.2:0.3-0.5,将步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、硬脂酸丁酯共同加入到超声分散机中,于95-105℃的温度下,预混合3-5min后,加入4-二甲氨基吡啶和白云母粉超声分散10-20min,过滤、清洗、烘干,即得改性玻璃纤维;
所述步骤(2)中4-二甲氨基吡啶的加入量为步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维总量的4-7%,白云母粉的加入量为步骤(1)处理烘干后的玻璃纤维总量的68-75%;
所述步骤S2中的拉伸条件具体为:拉伸温度为118-124℃,拉伸速度为15-22mm/min,拉伸倍数为4-8倍;
所述步骤S4中的改性硅橡胶由58-65重量份的硅橡胶、32-40重量份的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、16-20重量份的改性剂、4-5重量份的癸二酸二丁酯、1-3重量份的L-氨基丙酸和1-3重量份的乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯混合密炼而得;
所述改性剂由质量比为5-7:1-2:6-9的丙烯酸十八酯、3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷和聚乙二醇复配而得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,其特征在于,所述改性聚氯乙烯塑料的制备方法为:(1)于50-70℃的温度下,将改性玻璃纤维分散于异丙醇中,加入乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和硼酸锌,搅拌处理10-20min,得混合液;(2)将聚氯乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物和步骤(1)中的混合物共同加入到密炼机中,混合密炼5-10min,即得改性聚氯乙烯塑料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料由60-70重量份的聚乙烯、20-30重量份的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、2-4重量份的硼酸锌、12-18重量份的纳米氢氧化镁、4-7重量份的石蜡基白油、1-3重量份的羟苯基丙酰胺苯甲酸和1-3重量份的癸二酸二辛酯共混均匀后挤出,最后经辐照加工后热延伸即得辐照交联无卤高阻燃聚烯烃材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种新型超薄绝缘环保型特种通信电缆的制造方法,其特征在于,所述辐照加工具体指:以γ60C O,源强为3.7×1015Bq的辐射源,在室温下,N 2氛围内,以10kGy/h的辐照剂量率对线材辐照10-20min。
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Denomination of invention: A manufacturing method for ultra-thin insulation and environmentally friendly special communication cables Effective date of registration: 20231213 Granted publication date: 20221209 Pledgee: Tianchang vibration financing Company limited by guarantee Pledgor: ANHUI CABLE Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980071267 |