CN113568030B - Detector assembly and radiation monitoring device - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/18—Measuring radiation intensity with counting-tube arrangements, e.g. with Geiger counters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/2008—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors using a combination of different types of scintillation detectors, e.g. phoswich
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
- G01T1/2023—Selection of materials
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/36—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/36—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry
- G01T1/362—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry with scintillation detectors
Abstract
A detector assembly and a radiation monitoring apparatus are disclosed. The detector assembly includes: a geiger tube configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value within a first radiation intensity range; and two or more scintillator detectors configured to detect radiation in a second radiation intensity range of radiation intensity values. The radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range; the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify the species of radiation.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of radiation monitoring, in particular to a detector assembly and a radiation monitoring device.
Background
With the development of nuclear technology, transformation of energy structures and restarting of nuclear power projects in China, the use of nuclear energy can generate strong driving force for the development of the fields of national defense, industry, agriculture, scientific research, medical health and the like, but the nuclear technology brings great benefits to people and also brings potential harm to personal safety of people. When nuclear accident occurs, high-energy gamma rays of various radionuclides are rapidly diffused in the air, so that the human body is injured, and the environment for human survival is polluted. Nuclear radiation monitoring is a security, personal safety and environmental safety guarantee for national defense, so that nuclides are accurately and rapidly measured and identified, and the nuclear radiation monitoring is very necessary and important for making an emergency nuclear accident treatment scheme.
It is currently possible to detect nuclear radiation or rays using geiger tubes or geiger counters, however their performance needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a detector assembly comprising:
a geiger tube configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value within a first radiation intensity range; and
two or more scintillator detectors configured to detect the radiation having a radiation intensity value in a second radiation intensity range, the two or more scintillator detectors being different scintillator detectors;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range;
the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used together with the nuclide for identifying the radiation such that the signal output by one of the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as a spectrogram of the radiation by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors;
the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify the radiation intensity level of the ray such that the signal output by one of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as a radiation intensity spectrum of the ray by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors are configured to each have a different saturated radiation intensity value, the upper limit of the radiation intensity range of each scintillator detector being equal to or less than the saturated radiation intensity value, the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors being used to collectively identify the radiation intensity level of the ray.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors include a plurality of scintillator detectors having different sizes.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors include scintillator detectors of the same material or scintillator detectors of different materials.
In one embodiment, two or more scintillator detectors are formed from metal iodides; and/or
The radiation is gamma radiation and/or X-rays.
In one embodiment, two or more scintillator detectors include:
a first scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a first sub-radiation intensity segment with a radiation intensity value in a second radiation intensity range; and
a second scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a second sub-radiation intensity segment with a radiation intensity value in a second radiation intensity range;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the first sub-radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the second sub-radiation intensity section.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors include a third scintillator detector configured to detect radiation of a third sub-radiation intensity section having a radiation intensity value in the second radiation intensity range;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the second sub-radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the third sub-radiation intensity section.
In one embodiment, two or more flashesThe body detector consists of sodium iodide crystal, cesium iodide crystal, antimony iodide crystal, tellurium-zinc-cadmium and Cs 2 LiYCI 6 Any one or more of Ce (CLYC) and high-purity germanium crystal.
In one embodiment, the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors each have an output for outputting a respective signal.
In one embodiment, the detector assembly includes a detector housing, the geiger tubes and the two or more scintillator detectors are arranged in one or more rows and housed within the detector housing.
In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a radiation monitoring apparatus comprising:
the above-described detector assembly; and
and a host configured to couple to the detector assembly and to receive the signals of the detector assembly, the signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors being processed according to a predetermined model and a predetermined radiation intensity measurement range of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, corrected to be converted to a radiation intensity rate spectrum and an energy spectrum, respectively, all of the radiation intensity rate and energy spectra being compared to select an appropriate spectrum as the radiation intensity rate and energy spectrum of the detected radiation, wherein the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive the radiation intensity rate spectrum of the radiation, and the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive the energy spectrum of the radiation.
In one embodiment, the host includes a multi-channel signal acquisition circuit configured to receive signals from each of the geiger tubes and the two or more scintillator detectors; and a signal processing circuit configured to process the signals of each of the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, to derive a plurality of spectra, respectively, and compare the plurality of spectra to select an appropriate spectrum as the radiation intensity spectrum and the energy spectrum of the detected radiation.
In one embodiment, the host computer includes a processor circuit configured to receive signals of the geiger tube and each of the two or more scintillator detectors and to process the signals of the geiger tube and each of the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, to derive a plurality of spectra, respectively, and to compare the plurality of spectra to select an appropriate spectrum as a radiation intensity rate spectrum and an energy spectrum of the detected radiation.
In one embodiment, the host includes a communication unit configured to transmit signals or maps of the host in a wired or wireless manner.
In one embodiment, the host includes a communication port including one of a wifi port, a network port of a wired network.
In one embodiment, the host includes a power source to provide power to the host.
In one embodiment, the host computer includes an alarm for signaling an alarm when the intensity of radiation exceeds a predetermined value.
In one embodiment, wherein the radiation monitoring apparatus further comprises a host housing, wherein the host is housed within the host housing, the detector housing and the host housing are separate; or (b)
Wherein the host and the detector assembly are disposed in a housing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a detector assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detector assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a detector assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a detector assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a host computer of a radiation monitoring apparatus according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a functional schematic of a radiation monitoring apparatus according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is an interface schematic diagram of a host computer of a radiation monitoring apparatus according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following provides several embodiments to illustrate several aspects of the present disclosure, however, the illustrated embodiments are not all but part of. Those skilled in the art will appreciate the general concepts of the present disclosure from the disclosure herein and obtain additional embodiments therefrom.
The Geiger counter tube is made according to the ionization performance of the ray energy to ionize the gas, when the ray passes through the tube, the ray ionizes the gas atoms in the tube to release electrons, and the electrons pass through the avalanche amplification process and output a large-amplitude electric pulse signal at the positive electrode. Cosmic rays and natural gamma rays present in nature ionize the gas in the geiger-counter tube to generate a signal.
However, existing detectors may suffer from peak stacking of the detected signal under conditions of high radiation intensity, which may not be identifiable, or may not identify the radiation or radiation source due to low radiation intensity or a relatively long distance from the radiation source.
The present disclosure provides a detector assembly 100 comprising: a geiger tube 20 for detecting radiation having a radiation intensity value within a first radiation intensity range; and two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12 for detecting said radiation in a second radiation intensity range of radiation intensity values. The upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range; the signals output by the plurality of scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify the nuclear species of the radiation such that the signal output by one of the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as an energy spectrum of the radiation by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors, and the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify the radiation intensity level of the radiation such that the signal output by the one of the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as an radiation intensity spectrum of the radiation by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors.
In this embodiment, signals output by a plurality of scintillator detectors are processed by combining respective models and radiation intensity measurement ranges (may also be referred to as radiation intensity ranges, and are accurate in the respective ranges) of the plurality of scintillator detectors, and spectrum deformation or saturation, such as peak position shift or peak shape deformation, obtained by signals output by scintillation detectors with insufficient radiation intensity ranges is performed, so that signals that should be discarded can be determined by observing the spectrum, a suitable signal of the scintillator detector is selected as an output radiation intensity measurement value of a ray, an energy spectrum is drawn, and a nuclide of the ray is identified. This embodiment is advantageous because for unknown radiation, the intensity value is unknown, even if the detector is able to sense the presence of radiation, if however the maximum radiation intensity upper limit that the detector is able to detect is smaller than the radiation intensity of the radiation, the signal output by the detector is distorted or offset, and without comparison, it is usually determined empirically or not (case of small distortion), or the signal output by the detector is treated as a true result, resulting in measurement errors; the detector assembly provided by the embodiment can be used for judging the approximate range of the radiation intensity value of the rays through comparison by providing a plurality of scintillator detectors, and selecting the spectrogram which most accurately reflects the radiation measurement result as the radiation measurement result, so that the accuracy of the detector assembly is improved.
For the radiation intensity of the ray, the radiation intensity measurement range (or radiation intensity range, where the range of the geiger tube is the largest) of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors is combined, the plurality of signals output from the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are compared, the spectra obtained from the signals output from the scintillator detectors with insufficient radiation intensity ranges are saturated and discarded, the radiation intensity measurement value of the appropriate one of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors is selected, for example, the radiation with the larger radiation intensity value selects the signal measured by the geiger tube as the radiation intensity measurement value of the ray, and the signal output from the appropriate scintillator detector is selected as the radiation intensity measurement value of the ray for the radiation with the smaller radiation intensity value, where the signal accuracy output by the geiger tube is insufficient, so that the accuracy of the detector assembly provided by the embodiment can be improved. It should be appreciated that the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are at maximum radiation intensity measurement range for the geiger tube, i.e. the upper radiation intensity value limit for the first radiation intensity range is at a maximum, the upper radiation intensity value limit for the second radiation intensity range is less than the upper radiation intensity value limit for the first radiation intensity range, and the signal output by the scintillator detector is already saturated when the radiation intensity value of the radiation exceeds the upper radiation intensity value limit for the second radiation intensity range. The first radiation intensity range detected by the geiger tube 20 may be, for example: >10uSv/h, and the second radiation intensity detected by the corresponding two or more scintillator detectors may be in the range of 10uSv/h or less. It should be noted here that the first radiation intensity range and the second radiation intensity range are set manually, and are set according to the needs of the actual application, and the geiger tube 20 and the scintillator detector are set accordingly or the appropriate material detector is selected, and the signal detected by the corresponding detector in the set radiation intensity range can truly reflect the condition of the radiation, in other words, the signal detected by the detector in the non-set radiation intensity range is a false signal, that is, the signal is distorted when the intensity of the radiation exceeds the saturation level of the scintillation detector, where the saturation level or the saturated radiation intensity is the maximum radiation intensity value that the detector can measure. The radiation intensity values of the second radiation intensity range are substantially smaller than the radiation intensity values of the first radiation intensity range, meaning that most of the radiation intensity values of the second radiation intensity range are smaller than the radiation intensity values of the first radiation intensity range, without excluding the portion of the second radiation intensity range overlapping the first radiation intensity range, in which case the radiation corresponding to the overlapping radiation intensity values may be detected by the geiger tube 20 or by the at least one scintillator detector. It should be noted that the fact that the radiation is detected by the geiger tube or scintillation detector means that the correct signal is detected, not a spurious signal, because the geiger tube or scintillation detector reacts to any radiation intensity, whereas the output detection signal is distorted for radiation outside its measurement range.
It should be appreciated that the radiation intensity range of each scintillator detector may be determined, and that the saturation of one scintillator detector may be changed by changing the size or material of that detector, i.e., changing the radiation intensity range of that detector, with a particular product appearing as a model of scintillator detector having a corresponding measurable radiation intensity range.
The two or more scintillator detectors are configured to have different saturated radiation intensity values, respectively, and an upper limit of a radiation intensity range of each scintillator detector may be equal to or less than the saturated radiation intensity value.
In one embodiment, the second radiation intensity range has an overlap region with the first radiation intensity range, the geiger tube 20 is capable of detecting radiation intensity values within the overlap region, and at least one of the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 is capable of detecting radiation intensity values within the overlap region. This is advantageous in that the overlap region can allow for reduced errors in signal conversion and synthesis of the detector output during signal processing.
The radiation intensity may also be referred to herein as the radiation dose. In general, in the case of a ray with a large radiation intensity, saturation may occur in a single scintillator detector, a spectrum is severely deformed due to a peak stacking effect, and nuclide identification may not be performed; at this point, the geiger tube 20 may detect the radiation intensity value of the radiation, for example, as a point representation, or otherwise characterize the radiation intensity value of the radiation, but the geiger tube is not capable of nuclide identification, i.e., identifies the inherent characteristic peak of the radiation emitted by each substance itself. The geiger tube 20 has the function of detecting intensity for radiation in a range of frequency bands, but the geiger tube 20 cannot perform nuclear species detection on the radiation.
In this embodiment, the geiger tube 20 can detect radiation intensity values of the radiation, and two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 can perform nuclear species detection on the radiation and measure the spectrogram of the radiation over a corresponding intensity range. Two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may detect radiation of lesser intensity and may identify nuclides relative to the geiger tube 20. The signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 after receiving the radiation are respectively converted into a spectrum so as to obtain a proper spectrum of the radiation, and the spectrum generated by the signals output by the geiger tube 20 after receiving the radiation can be supplemented, so that the finally obtained spectrum is more complete, the spectrum which can be detected by the detector assembly is realized to cover a wider area, namely, the radiation intensity detector assembly has an increased range, and the saturation of peaks is improved.
In one embodiment, two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 are configured to detect radiation having different radiation intensity values, respectively. In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 comprise a plurality of scintillator detectors having different sizes. As shown in fig. 1, the geiger tube 20 detects radiation of a higher radiation intensity value, and two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12 respectively detect radiation of radiation intensity values within a range that the geiger tube 20 cannot detect or resolve; in other words, the radiation intensity value of the radiation detected by the scintillator detectors 11, 12 is smaller in the second radiation intensity range than the radiation intensity value of the radiation detected by the geiger tube 20. Further, for example, the scintillator detector 11 detects a ray whose radiation intensity value is smaller in the second radiation intensity range, and the scintillator detector 12 detects a ray whose radiation intensity value is larger in the second radiation intensity range. In this way, the range of radiation intensity values that can be detected by the detector assembly 100 is increased relative to a geiger tube 20, accommodating more complex situations, and being more friendly to the distance requirements from the radiation source during detection. In this embodiment, the scintillation detector 11 has a larger size, so that it is more sensitive to radiation, and thus can detect radiation when the radiation source is smaller, and provide radiation alarm in time, so as to avoid injury to surrounding personnel from the radiation source (e.g., radioactive materials); in this embodiment, the scintillation detector 12 has a smaller size, so the detection sensitivity is lower than that of the scintillation detector 11, however, when the radiation source is larger, the scintillation detector 12 will not have the problem of saturation (at this time, the scintillation detector 11 will be saturated), the spectrogram will not have the stacking effect, and the nuclide identification capability will be maintained; in this embodiment, since the detector assembly 100 has a large scintillation detector 11 and a small scintillation detector 12 (both of which are schematically sized in fig. 1) in addition to the geiger tube 20, it can be applied to detect radiation of a wider radiation intensity/dose range, and the dose rate measurement error at the intensity value switching region is reduced.
In one embodimentThe two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may comprise scintillator detectors of the same material or scintillator detectors of different materials. Two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may be formed of metal iodides. Here, the radiation may be gamma radiation, X-radiation, or other radiation; or may be a mixture of rays. In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may be made of sodium iodide crystals, cesium iodide crystals, antimony iodide crystals, cadmium zinc telluride, cs 2 LiYCI 6 Any one or more of Ce (CLYC) and high-purity germanium crystal. For example, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may include two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 formed of sodium iodide crystals, or may include two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 formed of cesium iodide crystals, or may include two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 formed of antimony iodide crystals, or may also be one scintillator detector formed of sodium iodide crystals and one scintillator detector formed of cesium iodide crystals, or may include one or more scintillator detectors formed of sodium iodide crystals, one or more scintillator detectors formed of cesium iodide crystals and one or more scintillator detectors formed of antimony iodide crystals. In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may include a plurality of scintillator detectors of the same size, may include a plurality of scintillator detectors of different sizes, or may include a plurality of scintillator detectors of the same size and a plurality of scintillator detector combinations of different sizes. The plurality of scintillator detectors with different sizes are arranged, so that the detector assembly 100 has a complete measuring range in terms of radiation intensity, thus the adaptability is enhanced, the spectrogram deformation is small, the measuring error at a measuring range switching point in the measuring range of the dose rate is small, and the resolution is good; under the condition of the same detection sensitivity, the device has wider dosage rate measuring range, stronger nuclide identification capability, high detection sensitivity, strong anti-accumulation effect and smaller dosage rate measurement error.
More scintillator detector combinations or arrangements are not all listed here and other combinations will occur to those skilled in the art. A person skilled in the art can arrange a combination of two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 and geiger tubes 20 of different materials as required for the radiation intensity scale.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12 may include: a first scintillator detector 11 configured to detect radiation of a first sub-radiation intensity section having a radiation intensity value in a second radiation intensity range; and a second scintillator detector 12 configured to detect radiation of a second sub-radiation intensity section having radiation intensity values in a second radiation intensity range; wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the first sub-radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the second sub-radiation intensity section. Under the condition of the same detection sensitivity, the detector assembly 100 of the embodiment has wider range of the dose rate measurement range of the device, stronger nuclide identification capability, high detection sensitivity, strong anti-accumulation effect and smaller dose rate measurement error. The first sub-radiation intensity section and the second sub-radiation intensity section may be contiguous, in effect, the first sub-radiation intensity section being within the second sub-radiation intensity section, it is also contemplated that the first sub-radiation intensity section and the second sub-radiation intensity section may have overlapping portions, as the detection result obtained by the first scintillator detector 11 in the first sub-radiation intensity section is more accurate and will be output as a final result.
In the embodiment as shown in fig. 2, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 comprise: a first scintillator detector 11 configured to detect radiation of a first sub-radiation intensity section having a radiation intensity value in a second radiation intensity range; a second scintillator detector 12 configured to detect radiation of a second sub-radiation intensity section having radiation intensity values in a second radiation intensity range; and a third scintillator detector 13 configured to detect radiation of a third sub-radiation intensity section having a radiation intensity value in the second radiation intensity range; wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first sub-radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second sub-radiation intensity section, and the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second sub-radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the third sub-radiation intensity section. Under the condition of the same detection sensitivity, the detector assembly 100 of the embodiment has wider range of the dose rate measurement range of the device, stronger nuclide identification capability, high detection sensitivity, strong anti-accumulation effect and smaller dose rate measurement error. The first sub-radiation intensity section, the second sub-radiation intensity section and the third sub-radiation intensity section may have overlapping portions, the first, second and third sub-radiation intensity sections having overlapping portions of the first sub-radiation intensity section, whereas the third scintillator detector 13 is not reliable for detecting radiation having a radiation intensity value in the first sub-radiation intensity section, where a real spectrum of the radiation needs to be detected using the first scintillator detector 11, whereas for radiation having a radiation intensity value exceeding the second sub-radiation intensity section, the signal output by the first scintillator detector 11 is a spurious signal (already saturated), where the signal output by the third scintillator detector 13 may result in a real spectrum of the radiation, whereby the detector assembly according to the present embodiment together may enable accurate detection in the second radiation intensity range.
In one embodiment, the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 each have an output for outputting a respective signal. That is, the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 output respective signals in parallel.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4, the detector assembly 100 includes a detector housing 1, the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 are arranged in one or more rows and housed within the detector housing 1. Fig. 3 shows a practical product view of a detector assembly 100, in which the first and second scintillator detectors and the geiger tubes 20 are arranged in the vertical direction in the figure, the detector housing 1 thus assuming a tubular shape. Fig. 4 shows a practical production diagram of a detector assembly 100 in which a first scintillator detector and a second scintillator detector are side by side in the horizontal direction, the geiger tube 20 being at the lower left of the second scintillator detector, the first scintillator detector being at the upper right of the second scintillator detector. The arrangement of the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 and the geiger tube 20 can be arranged as desired, without their positional relationship substantially affecting the performance of the detector assembly 100.
One aspect of the present disclosure provides a radiation monitoring apparatus comprising: the probe assembly 100 described above; and a host 200, the host 200 configured to couple to the detector assembly 100 and receive signals of the detector assembly 100, and convert the signals into a map. That is, the host 200 receives signals of each of the scintillator detector and the geiger tube 20 in the detector assembly 100, respectively, and processes these signals, respectively, including correction, noise removal, etc., to convert to a radiation intensity spectrum and an energy spectrum, respectively, and compares all of the radiation intensity spectrum and energy spectrum. Here, for example, as described in the foregoing embodiment, for an unknown ray, even if the intensity value is unknown and the detector can sense the presence of the ray, if the maximum radiation intensity upper limit that the detector can detect is smaller than the radiation intensity of the ray, the signal output by the detector is deformed or offset, and in the case that the signal is not aligned, the signal is usually determined empirically or cannot be determined (in the case that the deformation is small), or the signal output by the detector is regarded as a real result, a measurement error may be caused, and the host compares all radiation intensity ratio spectrograms with the spectrogram, so that the best spectrogram can be selected as the spectrogram of the ray. For example, for a ray with a large radiation intensity, the signal output by the detector with a range smaller than the radiation intensity value of the ray is deformed or drifted, and thus is not realistic, and the radiation intensity value range of the ray can be determined by comparing the spectrograms of a plurality of detectors, so that an appropriate spectrogram is selected as the radiation intensity ratio spectrogram and the energy spectrogram of the detected ray. The signals output by the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 are used to derive a radiation intensity spectrum of the radiation, and the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive an energy spectrum of the radiation. In this embodiment, signals output by a plurality of scintillator detectors are processed by combining respective models and radiation intensity measurement ranges (may also be referred to as radiation intensity ranges, and are accurate within the respective ranges) of the plurality of scintillator detectors, signals output by scintillation detectors with insufficient radiation intensity ranges are discarded, signals of appropriate scintillator detectors are selected as output radiation intensity measurement values of rays, and a spectrogram is drawn to identify nuclides of the rays. For the radiation intensity of the rays, the radiation intensity measurement range (or radiation intensity range, when the range of the geiger tube is the largest) of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors is combined, a plurality of signals output from the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors respectively are processed, signals output from the scintillation detectors with insufficient radiation intensity ranges are discarded, a proper geiger tube and radiation intensity measurement values output from the two or more scintillator detectors are selected, for example, a ray with a larger radiation intensity value selects a signal output from the geiger tube as the radiation intensity measurement value of the ray, and a signal output from the proper scintillator detector is selected as the radiation intensity measurement value of the ray for the ray with a small radiation intensity value.
Here, it should be appreciated that the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are at maximum radiation intensity scale of the geiger tube, i.e. the upper radiation intensity value limit of the first radiation intensity range is at a maximum, the upper radiation intensity value limit of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the upper radiation intensity value limit of the first radiation intensity range, and when the radiation intensity value of the radiation exceeds the upper radiation intensity value limit of the second radiation intensity range, the signal output by the scintillator detector is already saturated and cannot be used for identifying nuclides and radiation intensity values. It will be readily appreciated that a detector assembly and radiation monitoring apparatus have a reduced nuclear species identification range, a larger radiation intensity measurement range. The host 200 may be coupled to the probe assembly 100 via a signal line.
In the present embodiment, since the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 each have a respective different radiation intensity range that can be detected, they together can detect rays in a widened radiation detection range, resulting in an energy spectrum and a radiation intensity spectrum of the rays. In practical application, according to different types of the detector assembly 100, corresponding combinations of the geiger tube 20 and the scintillator detector are set, and different types of the scintillator detector correspondingly detect rays in different radiation intensity ranges, namely the rays in different radiation intensity ranges. In practice, the scintillator detectors are also responsive to radiation that is not in their corresponding intensity range, however, the signals output by the detectors do not truly reflect the spectrum of the radiation, the resulting signals are spurious signals, the host 200, when processing the signals, compares and determines which appropriate range the intensity of the radiation should be based on the predetermined model of the geiger tube 20 and each of the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 and the predetermined radiation intensity measurement range, so that signals of the radiation intensity range corresponding to each detector can be extracted, corrected separately to convert separately to a spectrum, and the appropriate spectrum is selected as the spectrum of the detected radiation.
In one embodiment, the host 200 may include a multi-channel signal acquisition circuit and signal processing circuit configured to acquire detector signals that extract signals of radiation intensity ranges corresponding to each detector according to a predetermined model and a predetermined radiation intensity measurement range for each of the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13, respectively, modify to convert to a spectrum, respectively, and select an appropriate spectrum as a spectrum of detected radiation; here, the multi-channel signal acquisition circuit receives a signal of each of the two or more scintillator detectors, the signal processing circuit respectively processes the signal of each of the two or more scintillator detectors to respectively derive a plurality of spectrograms, and compares the plurality of spectrograms so as to select an appropriate one of the spectrograms. For example, the signals detected by each scintillator detector can be normalized respectively (for example, a fixed peak of potassium 40 is taken as a comparison peak), the peak drift of the energy spectrum acquired by each detector along with the environment (such as temperature) is corrected, and after background and abnormal points are eliminated, a spectrogram detected by each scintillator detector is obtained; in combination with the saturated radiation intensity value (i.e., dose range or radiation intensity range) and model of each scintillator detector, a suitable map is selected as the map of the radiation.
In one embodiment, host 200 may also include only processor circuitry that may collect signals and process the signals to derive a spectrum, i.e., receive signals for each of two or more scintillator detectors and process the signals for each of the two or more scintillator detectors separately to derive a plurality of spectra separately and compare the plurality of spectra to select an appropriate one of the spectra as the spectrum of the detected radiation.
In one embodiment, the host 200 may be disposed within the detector housing along with the detector assembly 100. In one embodiment, the host 200 may be disposed within a host housing, the probe assembly 100 disposed within a probe housing, the host housing and the probe housing in signal communication by wire; the plug can also be inserted in a plug and socket mode; the electrical connection may be by other means known in the art.
In one embodiment, the host 200 of the radiation monitoring apparatus comprises a communication unit configured to transmit signals or maps of the host 200 in a wired or wireless manner.
In one embodiment, the host 200 of the radiation monitoring device includes a communication port including one of a wifi port, a network port of a wired network.
In one embodiment, the host 200 of the radiation monitoring apparatus includes a power source to provide power to the host 200. The power source may be, for example, a battery, such as a storage battery, a dry cell, or the like.
In one embodiment, the host 200 includes an alarm to signal an alarm when the intensity of radiation exceeds a predetermined value. For example, an audible alarm signal, or an optical signal. For example, when the radiation intensity exceeds a safe value, a beep of a droplet is emitted.
In one embodiment, the radiation monitoring apparatus includes a host housing, wherein the host 200 is housed within the host housing; the detector housing 1 and the main housing are separate.
Fig. 5 and 6 show an arrangement schematic and a schematic, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In fig. 5, a host 200 includes 2 signal acquisition circuit boards (i.e., multi-channel signal acquisition circuits) 201, a control circuit board (i.e., signal processing circuit) 202, a 4G communication board 204, and a battery; the front of the host 200 has a switch interface, and the side has 2 network ports LAN1, LAN2, a device interface 203, and a DC power interface, and the interface diagram is shown in fig. 4. The multichannel acquisition circuit board 201 may be one or more multichannel signal processing units based on programmable logic devices, and the control circuit board 202 may be a Linux embedded master control unit. It should be understood that the multi-channel acquisition circuit board 201 may be other multi-channel signal processing units, and the control circuit board 202 may be other main control units, which may be set by those skilled in the art as required.
Fig. 6 illustrates the principle of operation. The detector assembly 100 consisting of a large-sized NaI scintillator detector, a small-sized NaI scintillator detector, and a geiger tube 20 is used for detecting gamma rays; the signals output by the detector assembly 100 are processed by adopting a programmable logic device such as shaping, filtering, collecting and the like; the Linux embedded main control unit reads the acquired multichannel signals, carries out related algorithm processing, and completes the functions of short message alarming, audible and visual alarming, data transmission, central monitoring software and the like according to control logic. Host 200 may also include a storage device, such as SD memory. The radiation monitoring device of the embodiment has higher detection sensitivity and smaller measuring error of the dosage rate under the same dosage rate measuring range; the device has the advantages of small volume, light weight, portability, installation and maintenance, improvement of the safety of installation and maintenance personnel, and convenience for popularization and use of the device in the market; the device has the advantages that a plurality of communication interfaces can be configured, so that data transmission with different data receiving interfaces is facilitated, popularization and use of the device are facilitated, integration is facilitated on the basis of existing hardware, and use cost is saved; the chassis is provided with a fixing hole, so that the safety of the equipment is ensured by a simple loading and unloading mode and effective protective measures; has the characteristics of effective water resistance, dust resistance, corrosion resistance, shock resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance, lightning stroke resistance and voltage overload resistance.
It should be noted that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the word "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality; "upper", "lower", "bottom", "upper", "lower" are merely intended to indicate the orientation of components in the illustrated structure, and do not limit the absolute orientation thereof; "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between different components and do not necessarily require a ordering or representation of importance or primary or secondary respectively. In addition, any element numbers of the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure.
Although a few embodiments of the present general inventive concept have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the general inventive concept, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (15)
1. A detector assembly, comprising:
a geiger tube configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value within a first radiation intensity range; and
two or more scintillator detectors configured to detect the radiation having a radiation intensity value in a second radiation intensity range, the two or more scintillator detectors being different scintillator detectors;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range;
the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify the nuclear species of the radiation such that the signal output by one of the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as a spectrogram of the radiation by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors;
the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify the radiation intensity level of the ray such that the signal output by one of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as a radiation intensity spectrum of the ray by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors.
2. The detector assembly of claim 1, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors are configured to each have a different saturated radiation intensity value, the upper limit of the radiation intensity range of each scintillator detector being equal to or less than the saturated radiation intensity value.
3. The detector assembly of claim 2, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors comprise a plurality of scintillator detectors having different sizes.
4. The detector assembly of claim 2, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors comprise scintillator detectors of the same material or scintillator detectors of different materials.
5. The detector assembly according to claim 3, wherein,
two or more scintillator detectors are formed from metal iodides; and/or
The radiation is gamma radiation and/or X-rays.
6. The detector assembly of claim 2, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors comprise:
a first scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a first sub-radiation intensity segment with a radiation intensity value in a second radiation intensity range; and
a second scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a second sub-radiation intensity segment with a radiation intensity value in a second radiation intensity range;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the first sub-radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the second sub-radiation intensity section.
7. The detector assembly of claim 6, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors include a third scintillator detector configured to detect radiation of a third sub-radiation intensity segment having a radiation intensity value in the second radiation intensity range;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the second sub-radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity values of the third sub-radiation intensity section.
8. The detector assembly of claim 4, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors are formed from any one or more of sodium iodide crystals, cesium iodide crystals, antimony iodide crystals, cs2LiYCI6: ce (CLYC).
9. The detector assembly of claim 1, wherein the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors each have an output for outputting respective signals.
10. The detector assembly of claim 1, comprising a detector housing, the geiger tubes and the two or more scintillator detectors being arranged in one or more rows and housed within the detector housing.
11. A radiation monitoring apparatus comprising:
the detector assembly of any of claims 1-10; and
and a host configured to couple to the detector assembly and to receive the signals of the detector assembly, the signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors being processed according to a predetermined model and a predetermined radiation intensity measurement range of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, corrected to be converted to a radiation intensity rate spectrum and an energy spectrum, respectively, all of the radiation intensity rate and energy spectra being compared to select an appropriate spectrum as the radiation intensity rate and energy spectrum of the detected radiation, wherein the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive the radiation intensity rate spectrum of the radiation, and the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive the energy spectrum of the radiation.
12. The radiation monitoring apparatus of claim 11,
wherein the host includes a multi-channel signal acquisition circuit configured to receive signals from each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors; and a signal processing circuit configured to process the signals of the geiger tube and each of the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, to derive a plurality of spectra, respectively, and to compare the plurality of spectra so as to select an appropriate spectrum as a radiation intensity rate spectrum and an energy spectrum of the detected radiation; or (b)
Wherein the host computer includes a processor circuit configured to receive the signals of the geiger tube and each of the two or more scintillator detectors and to process the signals of the geiger tube and each of the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, to derive a plurality of spectrograms, respectively, and to compare the plurality of spectrograms to select an appropriate one of the spectrograms as a radiation intensity spectrum and an energy spectrum of the detected radiation.
13. The radiation monitoring apparatus of claim 11,
wherein the host comprises a communication unit configured to transmit signals or maps of the host in a wired or wireless manner; and/or
The host comprises a communication port, wherein the communication port comprises one of a wifi port and a network port of a wired network; and/or
The host computer comprises an alarm for sending an alarm signal when the radiation intensity exceeds a predetermined value.
14. The radiation monitoring apparatus of claim 11 wherein the host includes a power source to provide power to the host.
15. The radiation monitoring apparatus of claim 11,
wherein the radiation monitoring apparatus further comprises a main housing, wherein the main housing is housed within the main housing, the detector housing and the main housing being separate; or (b)
Wherein the host and the detector assembly are disposed in a housing.
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| PCT/CN2021/077859 WO2021218320A1 (en) | 2020-04-29 | 2021-02-25 | Detector assembly and radiation monitoring device |
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