CN113568030A - Detector assembly and radiation monitoring device - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
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Abstract
A detector assembly and radiation monitoring device are disclosed. The probe assembly includes: a geiger tube configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a first radiation intensity range; and two or more scintillator detectors configured to detect radiation at a second range of radiation intensities of radiation intensity values. The radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range; the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify the species of the radiation.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of radiation monitoring, in particular to a detector assembly and a radiation monitoring device.
Background
With the development of nuclear technology, transformation of energy structures and restarting of nuclear power projects in China, the use of nuclear energy will generate strong driving force for the development of the fields of national defense, industry, agriculture, scientific research, medical treatment and health and the like, however, the nuclear technology brings great benefits to people and also brings potential harm to personal safety of people. When a nuclear accident occurs, high-energy gamma rays of various radioactive nuclides are quickly diffused in the air, so that the human body is injured and the living environment of the human body is polluted. The nuclear radiation monitoring is for national defense safety, personal safety and environmental safety guarantee, so that nuclides can be accurately and rapidly measured and identified, and the nuclear radiation monitoring is very necessary and important for formulating an emergency nuclear accident treatment scheme.
Nuclear radiation or radiation can now be detected using geiger tubes or geiger counters, however their performance needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a probe assembly comprising:
a geiger tube configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a first radiation intensity range; and
two or more scintillator detectors configured to detect the rays with radiation intensity values in a second radiation intensity range, the two or more scintillator detectors being different scintillator detectors;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range;
the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors and the nuclide used for jointly identifying the ray are compared, so that the signal output by one of the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as the energy spectrum of the ray by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors;
the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify an amount of radiation intensity of the ray such that a signal output by one of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as a radiation intensity spectrum of the ray by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors are configured to have different saturated radiation intensity values, respectively, an upper limit of a radiation intensity range of each scintillator detector is equal to or less than the saturated radiation intensity value, and signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify a radiation intensity amount of the ray.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors include a plurality of scintillator detectors having different sizes.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors include scintillator detectors of the same material or scintillator detectors of different materials.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors are formed from metallic iodides; and/or
The radiation is gamma and/or X-rays.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors include:
a first scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a first sub-radiation intensity section of a second radiation intensity range; and
a second scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a second sub-radiation intensity section of a second radiation intensity range;
wherein, the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first sub radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second sub radiation intensity section.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors include a third scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a third sub-radiation intensity segment of the second radiation intensity range;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second sub radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the third sub radiation intensity section.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors are formed from sodium iodide crystals, cesium iodide crystals, antimony iodide crystals, cadmium zinc telluride, Cs2LiYCI6Ce (CLYC) and high-purity germanium crystal.
In one embodiment, the geiger-tube and the two or more scintillator detectors each have an output for respectively outputting a respective signal.
In one embodiment, the detector assembly includes a detector housing, the geiger-tube and the two or more scintillator detectors being arranged in one or more rows and housed within the detector housing.
One aspect of the present disclosure provides a radiation monitoring device, comprising:
the above-described probe assembly; and
a host computer configured to couple the detector assembly and receive signals of the detector assembly, process the signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors according to a predetermined model number and a predetermined radiation intensity measurement range of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, modify the signals to convert into a radiation intensity rate spectrogram and an energy spectrogram, respectively, compare all of the radiation intensity rate spectrograms and energy spectrogram to select an appropriate spectrogram as the radiation intensity rate spectrogram and energy spectrogram of the detected rays, wherein the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive the radiation intensity rate spectrogram of the rays, and the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive the energy spectrogram of the rays.
In one embodiment, the host includes a multichannel signal acquisition circuit configured to receive signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors; and a signal processing circuit configured to process the signals of each of the two or more scintillator detectors separately to derive a plurality of spectrograms, respectively, and to compare the plurality of spectrograms to select an appropriate spectrogram as a radiance rate spectrogram and a power spectrogram of the detected radiation.
In one embodiment, the host computer includes processor circuitry configured to receive signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors and to process the signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, to derive a plurality of spectra, respectively, and to compare the plurality of spectra to select an appropriate spectrum as the radiance ratio spectrum and the power spectrum map of the detected radiation.
In one embodiment, the host includes a communication unit configured to transmit a signal or pattern of the host in a wired or wireless manner.
In one embodiment, the host includes a communication port including one of a wifi port, a network port of a wired network.
In one embodiment, the host includes a power source to provide power to the host.
In one embodiment, the host computer includes an alarm for emitting an alarm signal when the intensity of the radiation exceeds a predetermined value.
In one embodiment, wherein the radiation monitoring device further comprises a host housing, wherein the host is housed within the host housing, the detector housing and the host housing being separate; or
Wherein, the host computer and the detector assembly are arranged in a shell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a probe assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a probe assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a probe assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a probe assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a host computer of a radiation monitoring device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a functional schematic of a radiation monitoring device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic interface diagram of a host computer of a radiation monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
A number of embodiments are provided below to illustrate various aspects of the present disclosure, however, the illustrated embodiments are not all, but are part. One skilled in the art will appreciate the general concepts of the disclosure from the disclosed embodiments and will thereby derive other embodiments.
The Geiger counter tube is made of ray capable of ionizing gas, when the ray passes through the tube, the ray ionizes gas atoms in the tube to release electrons, and the electrons undergo an avalanche amplification process to output a large-amplitude electric pulse signal at the anode. Cosmic rays and natural gamma rays existing in nature can ionize gas in the Geiger counter tube to generate signals.
However, in the case of the existing detector, when the radiation intensity is high, the peak accumulation of the detected signal may occur, so that the detection cannot be realized, or the ray or the radiation source cannot be recognized because the radiation intensity is low or the distance from the radiation source is long.
The present disclosure provides a probe assembly 100 comprising: a geiger tube 20 for detecting radiation having a radiation intensity value in a first radiation intensity range; and two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12 for detecting said radiation in a second radiation intensity range of radiation intensity values. The upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range; the signals output by the plurality of scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify the nuclide of the ray, such that the signal output by one of the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as the energy spectrum of the ray by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors, and the geiger tube and the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify the radiation intensity amount of the ray, such that the signal output by one of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as the radiation intensity spectrum of the ray by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors.
In this embodiment, the signals output by the plurality of scintillator detectors are processed respectively according to the respective models and radiation intensity measurement ranges (which may also be referred to as radiation intensity ranges, and are accurate in the respective ranges) of the plurality of scintillator detectors, and a spectrogram obtained from the signals output by the scintillator detectors with insufficient radiation intensity ranges is distorted or saturated, such as peak position shift or peak shape distortion, so that a signal that should be discarded can be determined by observing the spectrogram, and an appropriate signal of the scintillator detector is selected as an output radiation intensity measurement value of a ray, and an energy spectrogram is drawn to identify the nuclide of the ray. This embodiment is advantageous because for an unknown ray, its intensity value is unknown, even if the detector can sense the existence of the ray, however, if the maximum radiation intensity upper limit that the detector can detect is smaller than the radiation intensity of the ray, the signal output by the detector is distorted or shifted, without comparison, it is usually determined by experience or can not be determined (the distortion is small), or the signal output by the detector is taken as a true result, which may cause measurement errors; the detector assembly provided by the embodiment can judge the approximate range of the radiation intensity value of the ray by comparison by providing the plurality of scintillator detectors, and selects the spectrogram which most accurately reflects the ray measurement result as the ray measurement result, so that the accuracy of the detector assembly is improved.
For the radiation intensity of the radiation, in combination with the radiation intensity measurement range (or radiation intensity range, when the range of the geiger tube is at its maximum) of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, comparing a plurality of signals respectively output from the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, discarding the signals obtained from the scintillator detector with insufficient radiation intensity range when the spectrogram is saturated, selecting a radiation intensity measurement value output from an appropriate one of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, for example, the ray with larger radiation intensity value selects the signal measured by the Geiger tube as the radiation intensity measured value of the ray, and for the ray with small radiation intensity value, the signal output by the appropriate scintillator detector is selected as the radiation intensity measured value of the ray, and at the moment, the accuracy of the signal output by the geiger tube is not enough, so that the accuracy of the detector assembly provided by the embodiment can be improved. It should be appreciated that the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are arranged such that the geiger tube has the largest radiation intensity range, i.e., the first radiation intensity range has the largest upper radiation intensity value, the second radiation intensity range has a lower upper radiation intensity value than the first radiation intensity range, and when the radiation intensity value of the radiation exceeds the second radiation intensity range, the signal output by the scintillator detector is saturated and cannot be used to identify the nuclide. The first radiation intensity range detected by the geiger tube 20 may be, for example: >10uSv/h, and the second range of radiation intensities detected by the respective two or more scintillator detectors may be ≦ 10 uSv/h. It should be noted here that the first radiation intensity range and the second radiation intensity range are artificially set, and the geiger tube 20 and the scintillator detector are sized or the appropriate material detector is selected according to the requirements of the actual application, and the signal detected by the corresponding detector in the set radiation intensity range can truly reflect the ray condition, in other words, the signal detected by the detector in the non-set radiation intensity range is a false signal, i.e. the signal is distorted when the intensity of the radiation exceeds the saturation of the scintillation detector, where the saturation or the saturated radiation intensity is the maximum radiation intensity value that can be measured by the detector. The fact that the radiation intensity values of the second radiation intensity range are substantially smaller than the radiation intensity values of the first radiation intensity range means that most of the radiation intensity values of the second radiation intensity range are smaller than the radiation intensity values of the first radiation intensity range, and does not exclude the portion of the second radiation intensity range that overlaps the first radiation intensity range, in which case the radiation corresponding to the radiation intensity values of the overlapping portion may be detected by the geiger tube 20 or by the at least one scintillator detector. It should be noted that the fact that the radiation is detected by the geiger tube or scintillation detector means that the correct signal is detected, rather than a false signal, because the geiger tube or scintillation detector is responsive to radiation of any radiation intensity, but the output detection signal is distorted for radiation outside its measurement range.
It should be appreciated that the radiation intensity range of each scintillator detector can be determined, and the saturation of the scintillator detector, i.e., the radiation intensity range of the scintillator detector, can be changed by changing the size or material of the scintillator detector, as a particular product shows that a certain type of scintillator detector has a corresponding radiation intensity range that can be measured.
The two or more scintillator detectors are configured to have different saturated radiation intensity values, respectively, and an upper limit of a radiation intensity range of each scintillator detector may be equal to or less than the saturated radiation intensity value.
In one embodiment, the second radiation intensity range has an overlap region with the first radiation intensity range, the geiger tube 20 is capable of detecting radiation intensity values within the overlap region, and at least one of the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 is capable of detecting radiation intensity values within the overlap region. This is advantageous in that the overlap region can allow for reduced errors in the conversion and synthesis of the signals output by the detector during signal processing.
Here, the radiation intensity may also be referred to as a radiation dose. In general, under the condition of rays with large radiation intensity, a single scintillator detector may be saturated, a spectrogram may be seriously deformed due to a peak accumulation effect, and nuclide identification may not be performed; at this time, the geiger tube 20 may detect the radiation intensity value of the radiation, for example, characterized in the form of points, or otherwise, but the geiger tube does not perform nuclide identification, i.e., identifying the intrinsic characteristic peak of the radiation emitted by each substance itself. The geiger tube 20 has the function of detecting intensity for radiation in one frequency band range, but the geiger tube 20 cannot perform nuclide detection on radiation.
In the present embodiment, the geiger tube 20 may detect radiation intensity values of radiation, and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may perform nuclide detection on the radiation and measure a spectrogram of the radiation in a corresponding intensity range. Two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may detect rays with a lower radiation intensity and may identify nuclides relative to the geiger tube 20. Signals output after the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12 and 13 receive rays are respectively converted into maps so as to obtain suitable maps of the rays, and the maps generated by the signals output after the geiger tube 20 receives the rays can be supplemented, so that the finally obtained maps are more complete, the maps which can be detected by the detector assembly cover a wider area, namely, the radiation intensity detector assembly has increased measuring range, and the saturation of the peak is improved.
In an embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 are configured to detect rays having different radiation intensity values, respectively. In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 comprise a plurality of scintillator detectors having different sizes. As shown in fig. 1, the geiger tube 20 detects rays of higher radiation intensity values, and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12 respectively detect rays of radiation intensity values in a range that the geiger tube 20 cannot detect or resolve; alternatively, the radiation intensity values of the radiation detected by the scintillator detectors 11, 12 are in the second radiation intensity range, which is smaller than the radiation intensity values of the radiation detected by the geiger tube 20. Further, for example, the scintillator detector 11 detects a ray having a radiation intensity value smaller in the second radiation intensity range, and the scintillator detector 12 detects a ray having a radiation intensity value larger in the second radiation intensity range. In this way, the range of radiation intensity values that the detector assembly 100 can detect is increased relative to a geiger tube 20, accommodating more complex situations, and requiring more friendly distance from the radiation source for detection. In this embodiment, the scintillation detector 11 has a larger size, and thus can be more sensitive to radiation, and thus can detect radiation when the radiation source is smaller, and provide a radiation alarm in time, so as to avoid the radiation source (e.g., radioactive substance) from harming surrounding people; in this embodiment, the scintillation detector 12 has a smaller size, so the detection sensitivity is lower than that of the scintillation detector 11, however, when the radiation source is larger, the scintillation detector 12 cannot be saturated (at this time, the scintillation detector 11 is saturated), the spectrogram cannot have a stacking effect, and the nuclide identification capability is maintained; in the present embodiment, since the detector assembly 100 has the large scintillation detector 11 and the small scintillation detector 12 (fig. 1 schematically represents the sizes of the two) in addition to the geiger tube 20, the detector assembly can be applied to detecting rays with a wider radiation intensity/dose range, and the dose rate measurement error at the intensity value switching region is reduced.
In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may comprise scintillator detectors of the same material or scintillator detectors of different materials. The two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may be formed of metal iodides. Here, the ray may be a gamma ray, an X-ray, or other ray; or a mixture of multiple rays. In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may be made of sodium iodide crystals, cesium iodide crystals, antimony iodide crystals, cadmium zinc telluride, Cs2LiYCI6Ce (CLYC) and high-purity germanium crystal. For example, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may include two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 formed of a sodium iodide crystal, or may include two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 formed of a cesium iodide crystal, or may include two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 formed of an antimony iodide crystal, and may also include one scintillator detector formed of a sodium iodide crystal and a scintillator detector formed of a cesium iodide crystal, or may include one or more scintillator detectors formed of a sodium iodide crystal, one or more scintillator detectors formed of a cesium iodide crystal and one or more scintillator detectors formed of an antimony iodide crystal. In one embodiment, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 may include a plurality of scintillator detectors of the same size, may include a plurality of scintillator detectors of different sizes, or may include a combination of a scintillator detector of the same size and a plurality of scintillator detectors of different sizes. With a plurality of different scalesThe scintillator detector enables the detector assembly 100 to have a complete measuring range in terms of radiation intensity, so that adaptability is enhanced, spectrogram deformation is small, measurement errors at measuring range switching points in a dose rate measuring range are small, and resolution is good; under the condition of the same detection sensitivity, the dosage rate range of the equipment is wider, the nuclide identification capability is stronger, the detection sensitivity is high, the anti-accumulation effect is strong, and the dosage rate measurement error is smaller.
Not all of these are intended to list more scintillator detector combinations or arrangements, and other combinations will occur to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art can arrange two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 and geiger tubes 20 of different materials as required for the radiation intensity range.
In the embodiment as shown in fig. 1, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12 may comprise: a first scintillator detector 11 configured to detect rays having radiation intensity values in a first sub-radiation intensity section of a second radiation intensity range; and a second scintillator detector 12 configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a second sub-radiation intensity section of a second radiation intensity range; wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first sub radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second sub radiation intensity section. Under the condition of the same detection sensitivity, the detector assembly 100 of the embodiment has the advantages of wider dose rate range of the device, stronger nuclide identification capability, high detection sensitivity, strong anti-accumulation effect and smaller dose rate measurement error. The first sub-radiation intensity section and the second sub-radiation intensity section may be consecutive, and in fact, the first sub-radiation intensity section is within the second sub-radiation intensity section, and it can also be considered that the first sub-radiation intensity section and the second sub-radiation intensity section may have an overlapping portion, because in the first sub-radiation intensity section, the detection result obtained by the first scintillator detector 11 is more accurate and will be output as the final result.
In the embodiment as shown in fig. 2, the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 comprise: a first scintillator detector 11 configured to detect rays having radiation intensity values in a first sub-radiation intensity section of a second radiation intensity range; a second scintillator detector 12 configured to detect rays having radiation intensity values in a second sub-radiation intensity section of a second radiation intensity range; and a third scintillator detector 13 configured to detect rays having a radiation intensity value in a third sub-radiation intensity section of the second radiation intensity range; the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first sub radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second sub radiation intensity section, and the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second sub radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the third sub radiation intensity section. Under the condition of the same detection sensitivity, the detector assembly 100 of the embodiment has the advantages of wider dose rate range of the device, stronger nuclide identification capability, high detection sensitivity, strong anti-accumulation effect and smaller dose rate measurement error. The first sub-radiation intensity section, the second sub-radiation intensity section and the third sub-radiation intensity section may have an overlapping portion, the first sub-radiation intensity section, the second sub-radiation intensity section and the third sub-radiation intensity section have an overlapping portion of the first sub-radiation intensity section, however, the third scintillator detector 13 is not reliable for detecting the radiation with the radiation intensity value in the first sub-radiation intensity section, at this time, the real spectrogram of the radiation needs to be detected by using the first scintillator detector 11, and for the radiation with the radiation intensity value exceeding the second sub-radiation intensity section, the signal output by the first scintillator detector 11 is a false signal (is saturated), at this time, the signal output by the third scintillator detector 13 may obtain the real spectrogram of the radiation, so that the detector assembly according to the present embodiment may achieve accurate detection in the second radiation intensity range at once.
In one embodiment, the geiger-tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 each have an output for outputting a respective signal. That is, the geiger-tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 are connected in parallel to output respective signals.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4, the detector assembly 100 includes a detector housing 1, the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 being arranged in one or more rows and housed within the detector housing 1. Fig. 3 shows a practical product diagram of a detector assembly 100 in which the first and second scintillator detectors and the geiger tubes 20 are aligned in the vertical direction in the drawing, and the detector housing 1 thus assumes a tubular shape. Fig. 4 shows a practical product diagram of a detector assembly 100 in which the first and second scintillator detectors are side by side in the horizontal direction, the geiger-tube 20 is at the lower left of the second scintillator detector, and the first scintillator detector is at the upper right of the second scintillator detector. The arrangement of the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 and geiger tubes 20 may be arranged as desired, and their positional relationship does not materially affect the performance of the detector assembly 100.
One aspect of the present disclosure provides a radiation monitoring device comprising: the above-described probe assembly 100; and a host 200, the host 200 configured to couple to the probe assembly 100 and receive signals of the probe assembly 100, convert the signals to a map. That is, the host 200 receives the signals of each of the scintillator detector and the geiger tube 20 in the detector assembly 100, respectively, and processes the signals, including performing operations such as noise removal, correction, conversion to a radiation intensity ratio spectrum and a power spectrum, respectively, and comparison of all the radiation intensity ratio spectra and power spectra. As described in the foregoing embodiments, for an unknown ray, the intensity value thereof is unknown, even if the detector can sense the existence of the ray, however, if the maximum radiation intensity upper limit that the detector can detect is smaller than the radiation intensity of the ray, the signal output by the detector is distorted or shifted, in the case of no comparison, it is usually determined by experience or cannot be determined (the distortion is small), or the signal output by the detector is regarded as a real result, which may cause a measurement error, and the host computer compares all radiation intensity rate spectrograms with the energy spectrograms to select the optimal spectrogram as the spectrogram of the ray. For example, for a ray with large radiation intensity, a signal output by a detector with a range smaller than the radiation intensity value of the ray is deformed or drifted, so that the signal is not true, and the radiation intensity value range of the ray can be determined by comparing spectrograms of a plurality of detectors, so that a proper spectrogram is selected as a radiation intensity rate spectrogram and an energy spectrogram of the detected ray. The signals output by the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 are used to derive a radiation intensity rate spectrum of the radiation, and the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive an energy spectrum of the radiation. In this embodiment, the signals output by the plurality of scintillator detectors are processed respectively according to the respective models and radiation intensity measurement ranges (which may also be referred to as radiation intensity ranges, which are accurate in the respective ranges) of the plurality of scintillator detectors, the signals output by the scintillator detectors with an insufficient radiation intensity range are discarded, the appropriate signal of the scintillator detector is selected as the output radiation intensity measurement value of the ray, an energy spectrum is drawn, and the nuclide of the ray is identified. For the radiation intensity of the ray, combining the radiation intensity measurement ranges (or radiation intensity measurement ranges, at this time, the measurement range of the geiger tube is the largest) of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, processing a plurality of signals respectively output from the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, discarding the signal output from the scintillation detector with insufficient radiation intensity measurement range, selecting the radiation intensity measurement value output from the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, for example, the signal output from the geiger tube is selected as the radiation intensity measurement value of the ray for the ray with a larger radiation intensity value, and the signal output from the scintillator detector is selected as the radiation intensity measurement value of the ray for the ray with a smaller radiation intensity value.
Here, it should be understood that the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are maximized in the radiation intensity range of the geiger tube, i.e., the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range is maximized, and the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range, and when the radiation intensity value of the ray exceeds the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range, the signal output by the scintillator detector is saturated and cannot be used for identifying nuclides and radiation intensity values. It will be readily appreciated that a detector assembly and radiation monitoring device have a reduced nuclide identification range, a larger radiation intensity measurement range. The host 200 may be coupled to the probe assembly 100 via signal lines.
In the present embodiment, since the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 respectively have different respective detectable radiation intensity ranges, they together can detect rays in a widened radiation detection range, resulting in a radiation energy spectrum and a radiation intensity spectrum. In practical application, according to different types of the detector assembly 100, corresponding geiger tube 20 and scintillator detector combinations are arranged, and rays with different radiation intensity ranges are correspondingly detected by different types of scintillator detectors, namely, rays with different radiation intensity ranges are detected. Actually, the scintillator detector is also responsive to the radiation not in the corresponding intensity range, however, the signal output by the detector is not truly responsive to the spectrogram of the radiation, the obtained signal is a pseudo signal, and the host 200, when processing the signal, compares the signal with the predetermined model and the predetermined radiation intensity measurement range of each of the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13 and determines which appropriate range the intensity of the radiation should be in, so that the signal of the radiation intensity range corresponding to each detector can be extracted, respectively corrected to be respectively converted into a map, and the appropriate map is selected as the map of the detected radiation.
In one embodiment, the host 200 may include a multi-channel signal acquisition circuit and a signal processing circuit configured to acquire detector signals, which extract signals of a radiation intensity range corresponding to each detector according to a predetermined model and a predetermined radiation intensity measurement range of each of the geiger tube 20 and the two or more scintillator detectors 11, 12, 13, respectively modify to respectively convert into an atlas, select an appropriate atlas as an atlas of detected rays; here, a multi-channel signal acquisition circuit receives signals of each of the two or more scintillator detectors, a signal processing circuit processes the signals of each of the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, to derive a plurality of spectra, respectively, and compares the plurality of spectra to select an appropriate one of the spectra. For example, the signal detected by each scintillator detector may be respectively normalized (for example, a fixed peak of potassium 40 is used as a comparison peak) to correct a peak drift of the energy spectrum acquired by each detector caused by the environment (such as temperature), and after eliminating a background and an abnormal point, a spectrum detected by each scintillator detector is obtained; in combination with the saturated radiation intensity value (i.e., dose range or radiation intensity range) and model number of each scintillator detector, an appropriate map is selected as the map of rays.
In one embodiment, the host 200 may also include only processor circuitry that may acquire signals and process the signals to derive a spectrogram, i.e., receive signals from each of two or more scintillator detectors and process the signals from each of the two or more scintillator detectors separately to derive a plurality of spectrograms, respectively, and compare the plurality of spectrograms to select an appropriate one of the spectrograms as the spectrogram of the detected radiation.
In one embodiment, the host 200 may be disposed within a probe housing with the probe assembly 100. In one embodiment, the host 200 may be disposed in a host housing, the detector assembly 100 is disposed in a detector housing, and the host housing and the detector housing are in signal communication by wire; the plug can also be inserted in the form of a plug and a socket; the electrical connections may be made by other means known in the art.
In one embodiment, the host 200 of the radiation monitoring device includes a communication unit configured to transmit a signal or pattern of the host 200 in a wired or wireless manner.
In one embodiment, the host 200 of the radiation monitoring device includes a communication port including one of a wifi port, a network port of a wired network.
In one embodiment, the host 200 of the radiation monitoring device includes a power source to provide power to the host 200. The power source may be, for example, a battery, such as a secondary battery, a dry cell battery, or the like.
In one embodiment, the host 200 includes an alarm to signal an alarm when the radiation intensity exceeds a predetermined value. For example, an audible alarm signal may be emitted, or a light signal may be emitted. For example, when the radiation intensity exceeds a safe value, a droplet beep is emitted.
In one embodiment, the radiation monitoring device includes a host housing, wherein the host 200 is housed within the host housing; the detector housing 1 and the main machine housing are separate.
Fig. 5 and 6 show a schematic and a schematic layout, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In fig. 5, the host 200 includes 2 signal acquisition circuit boards (i.e., multi-channel signal acquisition circuits) 201, a control circuit board (i.e., signal processing circuit) 202, a 4G communication board 204, and a battery; the host 200 has a switch interface on the front, 2 ports LAN1, LAN2 on the side, an equipment interface 203, a DC power interface, and is shown in detail in fig. 4. The multichannel acquisition circuit board 201 may be one or more multichannel signal processing units based on a programmable logic device, and the control circuit board 202 may be a Linux embedded main control unit. It should be understood that the multi-channel acquisition circuit board 201 may be other multi-channel signal processing units, and the control circuit board 202 may be other main control units, which can be configured as required by those skilled in the art.
Fig. 6 shows the working principle. The detector assembly 100 consisting of the large-size NaI scintillator detector, the small-size NaI scintillator detector and the Geiger tube 20 is used for detecting gamma rays; the programmable logic device is adopted to carry out the processing of shaping, filtering, acquisition and the like on the signals output by the detector assembly 100; the Linux embedded main control unit reads the collected multiple channels of signals, performs related algorithm processing, and completes functions of short message alarm, sound and light alarm, data transmission, central monitoring software and the like according to control logic. The host 200 may also include a storage device, such as an SD memory. The radiation monitoring device of the embodiment has higher detection sensitivity and smaller dose rate measurement error under the same dose rate range; the volume is small, the weight is light, the carrying, the installation and the maintenance are convenient, the safety of installation and maintenance personnel is improved, and the popularization and the use of equipment in the market are convenient; the system has a plurality of configurable communication interfaces, is convenient for data transmission with different data receiving interfaces, is beneficial to popularization and use of equipment, is convenient to integrate on the basis of the existing hardware, and saves the use cost; the chassis is provided with a fixing hole, so that the safety of the equipment is ensured by a simple loading and unloading mode and effective protection measures; the paint has the characteristics of effective water resistance, dust prevention, corrosion resistance, shock resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance, lightning stroke resistance and voltage overload resistance.
It should be noted that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the words "a" or "an" do not exclude a plurality; "upper", "lower", "bottom", "upper", "lower" are intended to indicate an orientation of components in the illustrated structure only, and not to limit the absolute orientation thereof; "first" and "second" are used to distinguish names of different components rather than to rank or indicate importance or primary and secondary, respectively. Additionally, any element numbers of the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure.
Although a few embodiments of the present general inventive concept have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the general inventive concept, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (15)
1. A detector assembly, comprising:
a geiger tube configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a first radiation intensity range; and
two or more scintillator detectors configured to detect the rays with radiation intensity values in a second radiation intensity range, the two or more scintillator detectors being different scintillator detectors;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second radiation intensity range is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first radiation intensity range;
the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used for jointly identifying the nuclide of the ray, so that the signal output by one of the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as the energy spectrogram of the ray by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors;
the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to collectively identify an amount of radiation intensity of the ray such that a signal output by one of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors is determined as a radiation intensity spectrum of the ray by comparing the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors.
2. The detector assembly of claim 1, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors are configured to have different saturated radiation intensity values, respectively, an upper limit of a radiation intensity range of each scintillator detector being equal to or less than the saturated radiation intensity value.
3. The detector assembly of claim 2, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors include a plurality of scintillator detectors having different sizes.
4. The detector assembly of claim 2, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors comprise scintillator detectors of the same material or scintillator detectors of different materials.
5. The detector assembly of claim 3,
the two or more scintillator detectors are formed of metal iodides; and/or
The radiation is gamma and/or X-rays.
6. The detector assembly of claim 2, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors comprise:
a first scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a first sub-radiation intensity section of a second radiation intensity range; and
a second scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a second sub-radiation intensity section of a second radiation intensity range;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the first sub radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second sub radiation intensity section.
7. The detector assembly of claim 6, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors include a third scintillator detector configured to detect radiation having a radiation intensity value in a third sub-radiation intensity segment of the second radiation intensity range;
wherein the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the second sub radiation intensity section is smaller than the upper limit of the radiation intensity value of the third sub radiation intensity section.
8. The detector assembly of claim 4, wherein the two or more scintillator detectors are made of sodium iodide crystals, cesium iodide crystals, antimony iodide crystals, cadmium zinc telluride, Cs2LiYCI6Ce (CLYC) and high-purity germanium crystal.
9. The detector assembly of claim 1, wherein the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors each have an output to output respective signals.
10. The detector assembly of claim 1, comprising a detector housing, the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors being arranged in one or more rows and housed within the detector housing.
11. A radiation monitoring device comprising:
the detector assembly of any one of claims 1-10; and
a host computer configured to couple the detector assembly and receive signals of the detector assembly, process the signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors according to a predetermined model number and a predetermined radiation intensity measurement range of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, modify the signals to convert into a radiation intensity rate spectrogram and an energy spectrogram, respectively, compare all of the radiation intensity rate spectrograms and energy spectrogram to select an appropriate spectrogram as the radiation intensity rate spectrogram and energy spectrogram of the detected rays, wherein the signals output by the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive the radiation intensity rate spectrogram of the rays, and the signals output by the two or more scintillator detectors are used to derive the energy spectrogram of the rays.
12. The radiation monitoring device of claim 11,
wherein the host comprises a multi-channel signal acquisition circuit configured to receive signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors; and a signal processing circuit configured to process the signals of the geiger tube and each of the two or more scintillator detectors separately to derive a plurality of spectrograms, respectively, and to compare the plurality of spectrograms to select an appropriate spectrogram as a radiation intensity rate spectrogram and an energy spectrogram of the detected radiation; or
Wherein the host computer comprises a processor circuit configured to receive signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, and to process the signals of each of the geiger tube and the two or more scintillator detectors, respectively, to derive a plurality of spectrograms, respectively, and to compare the plurality of spectrograms to select an appropriate one of the spectrograms as the radiance ratio spectrogram and the power spectrogram of the detected radiation.
13. The radiation monitoring device of claim 11,
the host comprises a communication unit, a signal processing unit and a signal processing unit, wherein the communication unit is configured to transmit a signal or a map of the host in a wired or wireless mode; and/or
The host comprises a communication port, wherein the communication port comprises one of a wifi port and a network port of a wired network; and/or
The host machine comprises an alarm for sending out an alarm signal when the radiation intensity exceeds a preset value.
14. The radiation monitoring device of claim 11, wherein the host computer includes a power source to provide power to the host computer.
15. The radiation monitoring device of claim 11,
the radiation monitoring device also comprises a host machine shell, wherein the host machine is accommodated in the host machine shell, and the detector shell is separated from the host machine shell; or
Wherein, the host computer and the detector assembly are arranged in a shell.
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