Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a pressure data acquisition system.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a pressure data acquisition system for measuring fusion pressure of a force application plane of an object under test, the force application plane having a flatness of H1, comprising:
the carrier comprises a measuring surface, an annular supporting piece far away from the measuring surface and a middle chamber;
five first pressure sensing units symmetrically arranged on the measuring surface, the first pressure sensing units obtaining first pressure data pnN =1 to 5;
a first data fusion unit connected to the first pressure sensing unit via the A/D conversion unit, the first data fusion unit generating an edge pressure pf,pf=max(pn-μ×c)And c is that the characteristic adjusting parameters are as follows:
mu is a proportional control coefficient, 0.5 is more than mu and more than 0.2;
a second pressure sensor unit, which is located in the geometric center of the measuring surface and which receives second pressure data p6The second pressure sensing unit and the first pressure sensing unit are provided with elastic pieces, and the maximum expansion and contraction amount of the elastic pieces is H2, H1 < H2;
a second data fusion unit connected to the second pressure sensing unit via the A/D conversion unit and generating a fusion pressure p
0,
;
A single-chip microcomputer located in the chamber and receiving the fusion pressure p0。
In the present invention, μ = 0.34.
In the invention, the middle part of the carrier is provided with a chamber, and the singlechip is fixed in the chamber.
In the present invention, the first pressure sensing unit has a pickup member, and the annular support member has a lip formed thereon, and an axis of the pickup member passes through the lip.
In the present invention, the first pressure sensing unit includes:
the pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and a fixing rod is arranged in the shell;
the collecting part comprises a ball body, a connecting pipe and a driving part, the driving part is installed inside the shell, the ball body is connected with the driving part through the connecting pipe, a movable chamber is arranged in the middle of the driving part, the fixed rod penetrates through the movable chamber and is arranged in the middle of the connecting pipe, a driving chamber is further arranged in the middle of the driving part, and a plurality of guide surfaces are arranged in the driving chamber;
the fixing piece is sleeved on the fixing rod, a mounting groove is formed in the fixing piece, a stress piece and an elastic piece are arranged in the mounting groove, the stress piece is hinged in the mounting groove, the elastic piece is mounted at the lower end of the stress piece, the stress piece is composed of a contact part, a hinged part and a pressing part, the pressing part is in contact with the pressure sensor, the contact part is in contact with the guide surface, the hinged part is hinged in the mounting groove through a hinged rod, a limiting groove is formed in the fixing piece, the fixing rod is sleeved with the elastic piece, one end of the elastic piece is arranged in the limiting groove, and the other end of the elastic piece is arranged in the movable chamber.
In the invention, the middle of the shell is provided with a notch which communicates the inside with the outside of the shell, the acquisition part is also provided with a sliding part, the sliding part is arranged outside the shell, the sliding part and the driving part are connected through a connecting part, and the connecting part is arranged in the notch.
In the invention, the notch is arc-shaped, and the angle of the notch is 120 degrees.
In the invention, the guide surface is separated from the guide surface by a bulge.
In the invention, a plurality of guide surfaces are communicated through the connecting groove.
The pressure data acquisition system has the following beneficial effects: the pressure data acquisition system has good stability and high flexibility, is suitable for acquiring data of irregular object surfaces and regular object surfaces, namely the flatness of an object to be detected is smaller than the maximum compression value of the elastic piece in the pressure sensing unit, and can acquire data of the irregular object surfaces.
When the pressure sensor is used, the distributed pressure sensing units are utilized, aiming at a regular pentagon carrier, the whole distributed pressure sensor system is constructed by arranging the six pressure sensing units together, the pressure values of the peripheral area are fused based on principal component analysis, and the intermediate pressure value is calculated, so that the integral pressure value of the carrier is obtained. The pressure sensing unit can be used for carrying out local pressure acquisition on irregular surfaces and regular surfaces, then the pressure value of the whole object to be detected is calculated, and the pressure acquisition on the surface of the whole object to be detected is not needed. Time is saved, and working efficiency is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the pressure data acquisition system of the present invention includes a carrier 1, five first pressure sensing units 201, a first data fusion unit, a second pressure sensing unit 202, a second data fusion unit, an a/D conversion unit, and a single chip. The first pressure sensing units 201 are symmetrically arranged on the measuring surface, and five first pressure sensing units 201 form a regular pentagon structure, and the five interior angles are all 108 degrees. The first pressure sensing unit 201 obtains first pressure data pnN =1 to 5. Second pressure sensing unit202 are located in the geometric center of the measuring plane and the second pressure sensing unit 202 obtains second pressure data p6。
The pressure data acquisition system of this scheme can be used for testing great (can cover whole carrier plane) heavier (the quality is great) the object that awaits measuring. The edge of the object to be measured is pressed on the first pressure sensing unit, and the middle part of the object to be measured is pressed on the second pressure sensing unit. Because two groups of pressure sensing units are pressure values at a certain position, the pressure of the object to be measured cannot be accurately reflected, and the pressure values need to be corrected. Generally, the middle region carries the greatest amount of pressure, and the peripheral region carries lesser amounts of pressure. However, the actual conditions are that when an object is placed on the pentagonal carrier, the lower parts of the five corner vertexes are supported by the bearing legs, so that the main weight can be borne, the bearing force of the central position of the pentagonal carrier is small, and the central position is not supported by the bearing legs, namely, the interior of the carrier 1 is a chamber.
It will slightly deform downwards when stressed, thus generating height difference with five corners. The pressure value of the peripheral area is fused based on principal component analysis, and the intermediate pressure value is calculated, so that the pressure value of the object to be detected is accurately reflected. The pentagonal carrier 1 calculates the pressure value of the edge area first, and then fuses with the pressure data of the central position to alleviate the problem of inconsistent pressure caused by the height difference caused by the small deformation.
The first data fusion unit is connected to the first pressure sensing unit 201 via an a/D conversion unit, the first data fusion unit generating an edge pressure pf. The second data fusion unit is connected to the second pressure sensing unit 202 via an A/D conversion unit, the second data fusion unit generating a fusion pressure p0. Partial first pressure data are inaccurate, first pressure data pnAnd correcting by adopting the characteristic adjustment parameters. The adjusted pressure is equal to pnμ × c, maximum adjusted edge pressure, pf=max(pn- μ × c). c is a characteristic adjusting parameter, mu is a proportional control coefficient, and mu is more than 0.5 and more than 0.2. This embodiment typically takes 0.34 or 0.35.
And is characterized byThe tuning parameters are usually given by the matrix X ═ p
1 p
2 p
3 p
4 p
5 ]The characteristic value of (2). c ═ X ═ Λ ═ X
TMatrix X
TIs the transpose of matrix X. The covariance Λ of the matrix X is
,
Is the average of five first pressure data.
The applicant has found that in such a polygonal structure, the eigenvalues of the matrix X have an equivalence relation with their variances. A lagrange function is constructed that is,
and Λ is the covariance of the matrix X,
is the eigenvector of matrix X (the eigenvector is an eigenvalue for a single row, multiple column matrix). Derivative the lagrangian function, Λ X = λ X, Λ = λ. Thus, c ═ X
T=λ*X
TX = λ. Therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
。
obtaining the edge pressure p
fAnd then fusing the second pressure data to generate fusion pressure. The fusion pressure is the sum of the pressures of the pressure points in the measuring surface/the sum of the number of the pressure points in the measuring surface. The sum of the number of the pressure points of the object to be measured is expressed as
R is the radius of the circular measuring surface (generally, the radius R of the circular measuring surface is close to the radius of the object to be measured), and R is the distance between any point and the central point in the measuring surface. It is obvious that
In the present embodiment, the number of pressure points can be regarded as a circular measuring surfaceArea. The sum of the pressures of the pressure points of the object to be measured can be expressed as
,p
rIs the pressure point pressure with the distance r from the central point. The pressure values of the pressure points in the measuring surface generally vary uniformly along the distance r from the center point, so that p
rThe values of (A) are:
pr=p6+(pf-p6)×r/R。
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
after differential operation, the sum of the pressures of the pressure points is as follows:
the fusion pressure is therefore:
the pressure sensing unit can be used for carrying out local pressure acquisition on irregular surfaces and regular surfaces, then the pressure value of the whole object to be detected is calculated, and the pressure acquisition on the surface of the whole object to be detected is not needed. Time is saved, and working efficiency is improved.
In addition, the first pressure sensing unit 201 and the second pressure sensing unit 202 are provided with the elastic member 26, the maximum compression value of the elastic member 26 is H2, the flatness of the object to be measured is H1, and H1 < H2. That is, when the first pressure sensing cell 201 and the second pressure sensing cell 202 receive the gravity of the object to be measured, the elastic member 26 in the first pressure sensing cell 201 and the second pressure sensing cell 202 is stressed and compressed. Because the force application plane of the object to be measured is an irregular plane, one or more of the first pressure sensing units 201 and/or the second pressure sensing units 202 cannot contact with the force application plane of the object to be measured, and thus the pressure sensing units 2 which are not in contact cannot be stressed, and data acquisition is inaccurate, so that an error between a highest point and a lowest point of the local flatness of the object to be measured needs to be within a certain range, that is, H1, needs to be H1 < H2, and all the pressure sensing units 2 can be in contact with the force application plane of the object to be measured to be stressed.
During measurement, data collection is carried out on a local surface of the force application plane of the object to be measured, and the flatness deviation value of the local surface is smaller than the measurement of the pressure sensing unit 2, namely the flatness deviation value of the local surface is smaller than the maximum stretching amount of the elastic piece 26.
Moreover, for different planeness, a person skilled in the art can select acquisition equipment with different measurements according to the planeness deviation value of the actual object to be measured. That is, when the flatness deviation value is large, the collecting equipment with large measurement is adopted, and when the flatness deviation value is small, the collecting equipment with small measurement is adopted. The flatness can be measured by the prior art, such as a flat crystal interference method, a tabulation measurement method and a laser flatness measuring instrument.
The physical structure of the pressure data acquisition system comprises: a carrier 1 and a pressure sensing unit 2.
In particular, the carrier 1 comprises a measuring face and an annular support 101 remote from the measuring face. One end of the carrier 1 is open, i.e. a chamber (not shown in the figure), and a single chip microcomputer, a power supply, a circuit board and other components can be placed in the chamber. A part of the annular supporting member 101 is installed inside the carrier 1 by a screw thread manner, while the part exposed outside is the lip 102, the middle of the lip 102 has a hollow part, the lip 102 is equivalent to the annular wall of the carrier 1 for supporting, and the middle part is equivalent to the hollow part of the carrier 1. When the carrier 1 is in use, the data collected by the five surrounding first pressure sensing units 201 and the middle second pressure sensing unit 202 are inconsistent, the surrounding first pressure sensing units 201 are supported by the carrier 1, and the middle second pressure sensing unit 202 is located at the upper end of the hollow part of the carrier 1, so that the data of the second pressure sensing unit 202 and the first pressure sensing unit 201 are inconsistent.
The first pressure sensing unit 201 has the same structure as the second pressure sensing unit 202, and hereinafter, the pressure sensing units are collectively used.
The pressure sensing unit 2 includes: a housing 3, a collecting member 7 and a fixing member 18.
The shell 3 is a cylindrical structure with an opening at one end, a pressure sensor 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 3, and a fixing rod 5 is arranged inside the shell 3. The housing 3 has a gap 6 in the middle thereof, and the gap 6 communicates the inside of the housing 3 with the outside.
The collecting part 7 consists of a sphere 8, a connecting pipe 9 and a driving part 10, the driving part 10 is installed inside the shell 3, the sphere 8 is connected with the driving part 10 through the connecting pipe 9, a movable chamber 11 is arranged in the middle of the driving part 10, and the diameter of the movable chamber 11 is larger than that of the fixing part 18. The fixed rod 5 is arranged in the middle of the connecting pipe 9 through the movable chamber 11, the driving part 10 is also provided with a driving chamber 12 in the middle, and the driving chamber 12 is internally provided with a plurality of guide surfaces 13.
The guide surface 13 is separated from the guide surface 13 by a boss 14. The guide surfaces 13 communicate through a connecting groove 15. The guide surface 13 slopes downwardly in the direction of the connecting groove 15, i.e. the connecting groove 15 is lower than the guide surface 13. The angle between each guide surface 13 and the connecting groove 15 is not uniform, and the force received by the force receiving member 20 when pressure is applied is larger as the angle is smaller, and the force received by the force receiving member 20 when pressure is applied is smaller as the angle is larger. The force generated when the contact part 22 on the stressed part 20 is in contact with the guide surface 13 is different, so that the force transmitted to the pressure sensor 4 by the pressing part 24 is different, the materials with different thicknesses or different hardness can be measured, the force can be adjusted, the force transmitted to the pressure sensor 4 is different, the force can be adjusted according to different applied pressures, and when the applied pressure is larger, the guide surface 13 with a smaller angle can be adopted. Whereas a smaller applied pressure, a larger angle of the guide surface 13 may be used. When pressure is great, the angle is less, can make the resistance increase, can be better measure the collection to the material.
The collecting member 7 further has a sliding portion 16, the sliding portion 16 is mounted outside the housing 3, the sliding portion 16 and the driving portion 10 are connected by a connecting portion 17, and the connecting portion 17 is disposed in the notch 6. The notch 6 is arc-shaped, and the angle of the notch 6 is 120 degrees.
The fixed member 18 is sleeved on the fixed rod 5, the fixed member 18 is provided with a mounting groove 19, the mounting groove 19 is provided with a force bearing member 20 and an elastic sheet 21, the force bearing member 20 is hinged in the mounting groove 19, and the elastic sheet 21 is mounted at the lower end of the force bearing member 20. The elastic piece 21 is used for supporting the force receiving member 20, so that the end of the contact portion 22 of the force receiving member 20 is forced upward, and the end of the pressing portion 24 is forced downward. In a normal state, the contact portion 22 is blocked by the guide surface 13, so that the pressing portion 24 does not contact the pressure sensor 4, and the pressure sensor 4 is not subjected to a force.
The force receiving member 20 is composed of a contact portion 22, a hinge portion 23 and a pressing portion 24, the pressing portion 24 is in contact with the pressure sensor 4, the contact portion 22 is in contact with the guide surface 13, the hinge portion 23 is hinged in the mounting groove 19 through a hinge rod, the fixing member 18 is provided with a limiting groove 25, the fixing rod 5 is sleeved with an elastic member 26, the elastic member 26 is a spring, one end of the elastic member 26 is arranged in the limiting groove 25, and the other end of the elastic member 26 is arranged in the movable chamber 11.
During the regulation, catch sliding part 16 earlier, promote spheroid 8 towards the direction of casing 3 again, elastic component 26 compresses this moment, flexure strip 21 deformation, mounting 18 enters into activity room 11, connecting portion 17 removes in breach 6, connecting pipe 9 moves on dead lever 5, then make contact segment 22 place in the spread groove 15, then rotate spheroid 8 again, alright make contact segment 22 enter into different guide surface 13 departments, then loosen spheroid 8 again, alright promote whole collection piece 7 towards the direction of spheroid 8 when elastic component 26's the recovery natural state, make contact segment 22 break away from spread groove 15. When the contact portion 22 is disposed on one of the guide surfaces 13, the contact portion 22 is not rotated to the other guide surface 13 when the elastic member 26 is not compressed due to the protrusion 14.
In operation, the carrier 1 is on the upper side and the lip 102 is on the lower side, an object is placed on the pressure sensing unit 2, pressure is applied to the spherical body 8, then the spherical body 8 is transmitted to the driving part 10, then the guide surface 13 on the driving part 10 guides the contact part 22, then the elastic element 26 is compressed, and the pressing part 24 applies pressure to the pressure sensor 4. The pressure sensor 4 is deformed, signals are output to the first data fusion unit and/or the second data fusion unit through the A/D conversion unit, then the signals are output to the single chip microcomputer, and finally the signals are transmitted to the upper computer through the single chip microcomputer. And the upper computer converts the information into a digital signal which is convenient to process and outputs the digital signal to the CPU for operation control. The CPU outputs such results to the display according to the keyboard commands and the program.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.