CN113565541B - Method for regenerating top plate of undersides of interchange type dense roadway groups - Google Patents
Method for regenerating top plate of undersides of interchange type dense roadway groups Download PDFInfo
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- CN113565541B CN113565541B CN202111000232.3A CN202111000232A CN113565541B CN 113565541 B CN113565541 B CN 113565541B CN 202111000232 A CN202111000232 A CN 202111000232A CN 113565541 B CN113565541 B CN 113565541B
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- surrounding rock
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regenerating top plates of undersides of interchange type dense roadway groups, which comprises the steps of crushing top plates of undersides of underground interchange type dense roadway groups in a reasonable mode; carrying out numerical simulation analysis on the damage condition of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the construction process of the top plate; selecting proper reinforcing steel bars for construction according to the simulation result; designing a steel frame structure at the position of a roadway roof for preliminary modeling; determining the strength grade of the structural concrete; pouring concrete into a reinforced template constructed by a top plate for preparation; pouring concrete in the constructed reinforced bar template and vibrating; reasonably supporting the concrete regenerated roof; the invention recreates the tunnel roof, spatially strengthens the control of surrounding rock, reduces the problems of air leakage and water leakage of the tunnel, realizes the stable and effective control of the surrounding rock of the interchange type dense permanent large tunnel group, slows down the tunnel deformation, reduces the repairing times, saves the supporting cost and ensures the safe and efficient exploitation of the subsequent resources of the mine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for reproducing a top plate of a lower roadway of an interchange type dense roadway group, and belongs to the technical field of roadway construction.
Background
In underground mining of coal mines, the stability of a roadway is an important research object all the time; the coal mine production system is huge and complex, underground roadways are complicated, and the situation that roadway intersections can occur inevitably.
The primary excavation of the roadway can cause the damage to the original surrounding rock stress balance, so that the stress is redistributed, and the mutual intersection of the roadways can cause disturbance to the surrounding rock with the roadway at present, so that the stress of the surrounding rock with the roadway at present after the primary excavation is distributed again, and the surrounding rock stress near the intersection section of the roadway becomes more complex and the surrounding rock deformation is aggravated.
The roof of the crossing section of the roadway is often damaged, and the stability control of surrounding rock of the crossing section of the roadway is difficult, which is always the key point and the difficulty of the stability analysis and the support of the roadway.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for reproducing the top plate of the lower roadway of the interchange type dense roadway group, which reproduces the top plate of the roadway, spatially enhances the control of surrounding rock, reduces the problems of air leakage and water leakage of the roadway, realizes the stable and effective control of the surrounding rock of the interchange type dense permanent large roadway group, slows down the deformation of the roadway, reduces the repairing times, saves the supporting cost and ensures the safe and efficient exploitation of the subsequent resources of the mine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a regeneration method of a top plate of a lower roadway of an interchange type dense roadway group comprises the following steps:
step one: crushing top plates of underground interchange type dense roadway groups in a reasonable mode;
step two: carrying out numerical simulation analysis on the damage condition of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the construction process of the top plate; and (3) carrying out investigation and analysis on regional geology of the structural roof and stability of surrounding rock, and carrying out numerical simulation calculation on the damage condition of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the roof construction process by utilizing FLAC3D and other software to obtain a numerical simulation result of the deformation damage condition of the surrounding rock when the roof is not supported in the construction process.
Step three: selecting proper reinforcing steel bars for construction according to the simulation result of the second step;
step four: designing a steel frame structure at the position of a roadway roof for preliminary modeling;
step five: determining the strength grade of the structural concrete;
step six: pouring concrete into a reinforced template constructed by a top plate for preparation; preparing casting materials and using machines required by construction, checking and testing all machines, and preparing an emergency scheme to ensure that people, materials and objects can meet the requirement of casting speed, so as to ensure the supply of water and electricity and prevent quality accidents caused by accidents; the folding galvanized tile template and the bracket thereof are inspected to ensure that the size is correct, and the strength, the rigidity, the stability and the tightness meet the requirements.
Step seven: pouring concrete in the constructed reinforced bar template and vibrating; checking the vibrating machinery and the electric box before concrete pouring, and ensuring sufficient personnel and equipment; determining the casting sequence of concrete, firstly starting from the farthest position and the periphery of each monomer, and finishing casting of the concrete from the farthest position to the nearest position; adopt the flat vibrator, have the special man to be responsible for guarding and prevent to leak and shake, notice the windrow of concrete when pouring the flat simultaneously should not concentrate too much, prevent that the windrow from concentrating too much, template load overweight takes place quality accident and danger.
Step eight: and reasonably supporting the concrete regenerated roof.
Preferably, in order to realize the service life of the roadway and not influence the safety of the roadway, the safety protection and the transportation of equipment are ensured to have enough stability, the underground roadway is ensured to have enough fresh air, and the following principles should be paid attention to when constructing the top plate:
the roadway position should avoid the range of the underground operation of the coal mine and the movement of the coal mine staff as much as possible;
the position of the roadway is selected in a rock stratum with two harder sides and stability, and a larger geological structure and a larger water-bearing layer are avoided; meanwhile, the influence of the movement of the normal mining rock stratum is avoided, and the thickness of the roadway roof is not less than 20 m;
the tunnel must be ventilated normally, and because the underground ventilation system cannot be destroyed, the gap is noted when the roof is built, and the condition of air leakage cannot be caused.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the roadway roof is rebuilt, the control on surrounding rocks is enhanced in space, the problems of air leakage and water leakage of the roadway are reduced, stable and effective control on the surrounding rocks of the interchange type dense permanent large roadway group is realized, the deformation of the roadway is slowed down, the repairing times are reduced, the supporting cost is saved, and the safety and high-efficiency exploitation of subsequent resources of a mine are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 stand bar, 2 stirrup and 3 stress steel bars.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail by means of the accompanying drawings and examples; it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and the terms used herein in this description of the invention are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for reproducing the top plate of the lower roadway of the interchange type dense roadway group comprises the following steps:
step one: crushing top plates of underground interchange type dense roadway groups in a reasonable mode;
step two: carrying out numerical simulation analysis on the damage condition of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the construction process of the top plate;
the section and the length of the tunnel are large, so that the support requirement on the section tunnel is high. Therefore, regional geology of a construction roof and stability of surrounding rock are subjected to investigation and analysis, and the surrounding rock damage condition of a roadway in the roof construction process is subjected to numerical simulation calculation by utilizing FLAC3D and other software to obtain a numerical simulation result of the surrounding rock deformation damage condition when the roof is not supported in the construction process; and supporting the surrounding rock in time according to the simulation result, and maintaining sufficient supporting strength.
Step three: selecting proper reinforcing steel bars for construction according to the simulation result of the second step;
selecting reasonable reinforcing steel bar materials according to simulation results and combining with actual conditions of the site; the roadway top plate adopts 25MnSi steel with the tensile strength of 380MPa as a main material, adopts incombustible materials such as concrete and the like for paving the bottom, has the thickness of 20-25m and meets the requirements of an upper bottom plate.
Step four: designing a steel frame structure at the position of a roadway roof for preliminary modeling; firstly measuring and paying off a roadway roof to form a peripheral steel plate template, and installing short rib linking steel bars on a steel beam for binding; the material is a 3-level steel bar, the tail end of the lap joint length of the steel bar is not smaller than 10 times of the diameter of the steel bar, and the joint is not positioned at the maximum bending moment of the component; in the tension area, hooks are required to be made at the tail ends of the I-level steel bar binding joints, and hooks are not required to be made on the II-level steel bars and the cold-drawn belt ribs; the joint of the steel bars is firmly tied by iron wires at the center and the two ends. The binding joints among the stressed reinforcing steel bars are staggered.
The section area of the stressed reinforcing steel bar with the binding joint accounts for the total section area percentage of the stressed reinforcing steel bar within the range from the center of any binding joint to 1.3 times of the lap joint length, and the following rule is met that the tension zone is not more than 25 percent and the compression zone is not more than 50 percent.
Step five: determining the strength grade of the structural concrete;
because the underground mine pressure is developed and the ventilation system is strict, the requirement on concrete is also more severe. The design uses concrete with a strength rating of C75.
Step six: pouring concrete into a reinforced template constructed by a top plate for preparation; the casting materials and the using machines required by construction are prepared, all machines are checked and tested, and meanwhile, an emergency scheme is prepared to ensure that people, materials and objects can meet the requirement of casting speed, supply of water and electricity is ensured, and quality accidents caused by accidents are prevented. The material supply unit is required to provide quality qualification and detection reports of cement, sand, stone and additives and actual samples in advance, and to provide a mix ratio report. The folding galvanized tile template and the bracket thereof are inspected to ensure that the size is correct, and the strength, the rigidity, the stability and the tightness meet the requirements.
Step seven: pouring concrete in the constructed reinforced bar template and vibrating; checking the vibrating machinery and the electric box before concrete pouring, and ensuring sufficient personnel and equipment; determining the casting sequence of concrete, firstly starting from the farthest position and the periphery of each monomer, and finishing casting of the concrete from the farthest position to the nearest position; determining the casting sequence of concrete, firstly starting from the farthest position and the periphery of each monomer, and finishing casting of the concrete from the farthest position to the nearest position; personnel and machinery are particularly prepared. Adopt the flat vibrator, have the special man to be responsible for guarding and prevent to leak and shake, notice the windrow of concrete when pouring the flat simultaneously should not concentrate too much, prevent that the windrow from concentrating too much, template load overweight takes place quality accident and danger.
Step eight: and reasonably supporting the concrete regenerated roof.
After the construction of the regenerated roof of the roadway is completed, the roof needs to be correspondingly supported, and corresponding anchor rod and anchor cable supporting modes are made according to different actual conditions on site, so that the stability and safety of surrounding rocks of the roadway are ensured.
In order to realize the service life of the roadway and not to influence the safety of the roadway, the roadway has enough stability, meets the requirements of the security protection and the transportation of equipment, ensures that the underground roadway has enough fresh air, and is in need of the following principles when constructing the top plate:
the roadway position should avoid the range of the coal mine underground operation and the movement of the coal mine staff as much as possible.
The position of the roadway is selected in a rock stratum with two harder sides and stability, and a larger geological structure and a larger water-bearing layer are avoided; and meanwhile, the arrangement of the roadway roof is not less than 20m in thickness without being influenced by the movement of the normal mining rock stratum.
The tunnel must be ventilated normally, and because the underground ventilation system cannot be destroyed, the gap is noted when the roof is built, and the condition of air leakage cannot be caused.
The following description is made with reference to fig. 1 in order to make the process variant of the invention more clear and complete.
The concrete position of the tunnel roof is defined according to the on-site actual geological conditions, the mutual influence of coal exploitation activities is avoided by combining underground coal mine production operation and the movement range of coal mine staff, the stability of the main tunnel is comprehensively analyzed, and the position of the roof is determined to be reconstructed in the main tunnel. Preferably, the two sides of the roadway are in the rock stratum with firm surrounding rock, and the shape of the roadway is rectangular.
The roadway top plate adopts 25MnSi steel with the tensile strength of 380MPa as a main material, adopts incombustible materials such as concrete and the like for paving the bottom, has the thickness of 20-25m and meets the requirements of an upper bottom plate.
Concrete strength grade C75 was used. The material is 3-level steel bars, the tail end of the lap joint length of the steel bars is not smaller than 10 times of the diameter of the steel bars, and the joint is not positioned at the maximum bending moment of the component; in the tension area, hooks are required to be made at the tail ends of the I-level steel bar binding joints, and hooks are not required to be made on the II-level steel bars and the cold-drawn belt ribs; the lap joint of the steel bars is firmly tied by iron wires at the center and the two ends; the binding joints among the stressed steel bars are staggered; the section area of the stressed reinforcing steel bar with the binding joint accounts for the total section area percentage of the stressed reinforcing steel bar within the range from the center of any binding joint to 1.3 times of the lap joint length, and the following rule is met that the tension zone is not more than 25 percent and the compression zone is not more than 50 percent.
Pouring materials and using machines required by construction are fully prepared, all machines are checked and tested, meanwhile, an emergency scheme is prepared to ensure that people, materials and objects can meet the requirement of pouring speed, supply of water and electricity is ensured, and quality accidents caused by accidents are prevented.
The material supply unit is required to provide quality qualification and detection reports of cement, sand, stone and additives and actual samples in advance, and to provide a mix ratio report. The folding galvanized tile template and the bracket thereof are inspected to ensure that the size is correct, and the strength, the rigidity, the stability and the tightness meet the requirements.
When concrete is poured, the heights of the surrounding protective rails are 1.1 meters. When concrete is poured, the safety belt is needed to be worn and hung at a firm position, so that the construction can be performed. In construction, the casting site should be equipped with sufficient lighting facilities.
In order to ensure that each constructor strictly adheres to the construction technological regulations of each project, before construction expansion, when the construction organization design is compiled, the important project projects the construction technological process, before construction, the constructor checks the established technological process and the corresponding construction operation regulations to make each employee understand how to operate.
The soundness is established based on the safety production responsibility system, and the responsibility is strictly implemented by people. The scaffold is erected for inspection and maintenance.
The construction temporary electricity utilization three-phase five-wire system, three-wire distribution and two-stage protection are realized, and professional management is realized. The construction machine has to be "three-necessary" (i.e. the transmission part must have a protective cover, the transmission part must have a safety device, and the switch must have a leakage retainer).
And actively controlling the quality of the process activity condition. Five major factors affecting quality, namely construction operators, materials, construction machinery equipment, construction methods and construction environments, are mainly controlled.
The method for regenerating the top plate in the coal mine underground main roadway has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the original roof, the roof is constructed by reinforced concrete, the influence of mining on the roof is spatially reduced, and accidents such as oil gas leakage, explosion and underground aquifer pollution are avoided.
The roadway is built underground, the occurrence of the mine pressure is obvious, the service life of the roadway can be prolonged, the repairing times of the roadway can be reduced by regenerating the top plate, a large amount of repairing investment is saved, and the repairing investment cost of surrounding rocks of the roadway is reduced.
Compared with the original roof, the rock mechanical properties are changed, so that the rock is stronger and is not easy to leak air.
Compared with the original top plate, the regenerated top plate has stronger stability, is convenient to install, is easy to manage, is easy to maintain and has lower maintenance cost.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The regeneration method for the top plate of the lower roadway of the interchange type dense roadway group is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: crushing top plates of underground interchange type dense roadway groups in a reasonable mode;
step two: carrying out numerical simulation analysis on the damage condition of the surrounding rock of the roadway in the construction process of the top plate; survey and analysis are carried out on regional geology of a construction roof and stability of surrounding rock, and numerical simulation calculation is carried out on the damage condition of surrounding rock of a roadway in the construction process of the roof by utilizing FLAC3D software, so that a numerical simulation result of the deformation damage condition of the surrounding rock when the roof is not supported in the construction process of the roof is obtained;
step three: selecting proper reinforcing steel bars for construction according to the simulation result of the second step;
step four: designing a steel frame structure at the position of a roadway roof for preliminary modeling; firstly measuring and paying off a roadway roof to form a peripheral steel plate template, and installing short rib connecting steel bars on a steel beam for binding; the binding joints among the stressed steel bars are staggered;
step five: determining the strength grade of the structural concrete;
step six: pouring concrete into a reinforced template constructed by a top plate for preparation; preparing casting materials and using machines required by construction, checking and testing all machines, preparing an emergency scheme, ensuring that people, materials and objects can meet the requirement of casting speed, ensuring the supply of water and electricity, and preventing quality accidents caused by accidents; checking the folding galvanized tile template and the bracket thereof to ensure that the size is correct, and the strength, the rigidity, the stability and the tightness meet the requirements;
step seven: pouring concrete in the constructed reinforced bar template and vibrating; checking the vibrating machinery and the electric box before concrete pouring, and ensuring sufficient personnel and equipment; determining the casting sequence of concrete, firstly starting from the farthest position and the periphery of each monomer, and finishing casting of the concrete from the farthest position to the nearest position; adopting a flat vibrator, a special person takes charge of guarding to prevent vibration leakage, and meanwhile, paying attention to that the stacking of concrete is not easy to concentrate too much when the flat is poured, so that the stacking is prevented from concentrating too much, and quality accidents and dangers are caused by overweight template load;
step eight: and reasonably supporting the concrete regenerated roof.
2. The method for regenerating the top plate of the lower roadway of the interchange type dense roadway group according to claim 1, wherein in order to realize the service life of the roadway and not to influence the safety of the roadway, the method ensures sufficient stability, satisfies the installation and transportation of equipment, ensures sufficient fresh air in the underground roadway, and is based on the following principles when constructing the top plate: the roadway position should avoid the range of the coal mine underground operation and the movement of the coal mine staff;
the position of the roadway is selected in a rock stratum with two harder sides and stability, and a larger geological structure and a larger water-bearing layer are avoided; meanwhile, the influence of the movement of the normally mined rock stratum is avoided; the thickness of the roadway roof is not less than 20 m;
the tunnel must be ventilated normally, and because the underground ventilation system cannot be destroyed, the gap is noted when the roof is built, and the air leakage condition cannot be caused.
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| CN202111000232.3A CN113565541B (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Method for regenerating top plate of undersides of interchange type dense roadway groups |
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| CN202111000232.3A CN113565541B (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2021-08-30 | Method for regenerating top plate of undersides of interchange type dense roadway groups |
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| CN113565541B true CN113565541B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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| CN114233340B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2024-02-13 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司漳村煤矿 | Water spraying prevention construction method for coal mine underground roadway roof |
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