CN113564472A - Whole-circular-ring magnetic yoke forging and tempering process thereof - Google Patents
Whole-circular-ring magnetic yoke forging and tempering process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113564472A CN113564472A CN202110834409.3A CN202110834409A CN113564472A CN 113564472 A CN113564472 A CN 113564472A CN 202110834409 A CN202110834409 A CN 202110834409A CN 113564472 A CN113564472 A CN 113564472A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000008010 Tooth Avulsion Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 206010061274 Malocclusion Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
Abstract
The invention relates to a whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging and a quenching and tempering process thereof, mainly relates to the field of a preparation method of a magnetic yoke fitting, and can meet the performance requirement of a generator motor on the magnetic yoke fitting. The whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.17-0.19%, Si is less than or equal to 0.37%, Mn: 0.80-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.006%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 0.70-0.75%, Mo: 0.25 to 0.30%, Ni: 1.50-1.55%, V: 0.01-0.10%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.20%, Ceq: 0.602-0.648%, and the balance Fe. The quenching and tempering process comprises quenching and heating, heat preservation, quenching and tempering. The whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece is integrally forged, can meet the performance requirement of a generator motor on a magnetic yoke, and avoids the problems of deformation, tooth dislocation and the like in the production, transportation and installation processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of a preparation method of a magnetic yoke accessory, in particular to a full-circle magnetic yoke forging and a quenching and tempering process thereof.
Background
The magnet yoke is a key part of the generator motor, plays an important role in the operation process of the generator motor set, and the stability of the magnet yoke structure directly influences the safe and reliable operation of the set. The magnetic yoke is also an important component of a magnetic circuit of the generator motor, and the magnetic yoke is subjected to the comprehensive action of centrifugal force, electromagnetic force and torque in the operation process, so that the generator motor has high requirements on various properties of the magnetic yoke. Particularly, the pumped storage generator motor has severe requirements on the magnet yoke due to frequent start and stop, positive and negative rotation, high rotating speed and severe working condition operation.
The existing magnet yoke is mostly formed by laminating and pressing high-strength annular thick steel plates, the annular thick steel plates are integrated by laminating and welding, the manufacturing process is complex, the interchangeability is poor, the technical requirement is high, the integral rigidity is limited, the plate utilization rate is low, the manufacturing period is long, gaps exist among the steel plates, and the problems of deformation, malocclusion and the like easily occur in the production, transportation and installation processes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a whole-circular-ring magnetic yoke forging piece and a quenching and tempering process thereof, wherein the whole-circular-ring magnetic yoke forging piece is integrally forged, can meet the performance requirement of a generator motor on a magnetic yoke, and avoids the problems of deformation, tooth dislocation and the like in the production, transportation and installation processes.
In order to meet the technical purpose and the related technical purpose, the invention provides a full-circle magnetic yoke forging which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.17-0.19%, Si is less than or equal to 0.37%, Mn: 0.80-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.006%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 0.70-0.75%, Mo: 0.25 to 0.30%, Ni: 1.50-1.55%, V: 0.01-0.10%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.20%, Ceq: 0.602-0.648%, and the balance Fe.
Wherein Ceq is C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15.
The preparation method of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging piece comprises the following steps:
1. smelting by an electric furnace, refining by a steel ladle and carrying out vacuum degassing to obtain an alloy ingot;
2. performing primary forging on an oil press, wherein the main deformation drawing ratio is more than 2.2, and the effective compaction of a core part is ensured;
3. cutting off a water gap and a riser, and forging for the second time on an oil press, wherein the forging ratio is not lower than 2;
4. and (5) finishing the surface of the blank, and reaming and finishing to obtain a finished product.
The invention also provides a quenching and tempering process of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging, which comprises the following steps:
1. quenching, heating and heat preservation: charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece into a furnace, heating to 650-670 ℃, carrying out first heat preservation treatment, wherein the calculation formula of the heat preservation time is 1.5-2 h/100mm, calculating the heat preservation time according to the specific size of the forging piece, if the size of the forging piece is 300mm, the heat preservation time is 4.5-6 hours, then heating to 890-950 ℃, carrying out second heat preservation treatment, and the calculation formula of the heat preservation time is 2.5-3 h/100 mm;
2. quenching: cooling by water, wherein the water cooling time is more than or equal to 60 minutes, the temperature of cooling water is less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the water cooling process, air cooling is carried out after the water cooling is finished, and the temperature is measured by an infrared temperature measuring gun after 10 minutes to ensure that the surface temperature of the whole circular magnetic yoke forging is less than or equal to 250 ℃;
3. tempering: and charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging into a furnace, heating to 250-300 ℃, carrying out third heat preservation treatment, wherein the calculation formula of the heat preservation time is 1-1.5 h/100mm, then heating to 580-610 ℃, carrying out fourth heat preservation treatment, wherein the calculation formula of the heat preservation time is 3-4 h/100m, and carrying out air cooling after the heat preservation is finished.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 1, the charging temperature of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging is less than or equal to 400 ℃.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 1, the furnace temperature is increased to 650-670 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 1, the furnace temperature is increased to 890-950 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 100 ℃/h.
In an example of the hardening and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 2, timing is started from discharging of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging until the full-circle magnetic yoke forging is completely immersed in water, and the time is less than or equal to 4 minutes.
In an example of the hardening and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in the step 2, the water penetration depth of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging is greater than or equal to 1 meter, and the full-circle magnetic yoke forging keeps moving up and down in the water cooling process.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in the step 2, before the full-circle magnetic yoke forging enters water, the water temperature is ensured to be less than or equal to 20 ℃.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 3, the furnace temperature is increased to 580-610 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h.
The whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece is integrally forged, can meet the performance requirement of a generator motor on a magnetic yoke, and avoids the problems of deformation, tooth dislocation and the like in the production, transportation and installation processes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of a quenching and tempering process of a full-circle magnetic yoke forging of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of a whole ring yoke forging sample a and sample b prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a grain size inspection chart of the sample a and the sample b of the full-circle yoke forging prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Test methods in which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.
When numerical ranges are given in the examples, it is understood that both endpoints of each of the numerical ranges and any value therebetween can be selected unless the invention otherwise indicated. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs and the description of the present invention, and any methods, apparatuses, and materials similar or equivalent to those in the embodiments of the present invention may be used to practice the present invention.
The invention provides a whole-circular-ring magnetic yoke forging which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.17-0.19%, Si is less than or equal to 0.37%, Mn: 0.80-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.006%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 0.70-0.75%, Mo: 0.25 to 0.30%, Ni: 1.50-1.55%, V: 0.01-0.10%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.20%, Ceq: 0.602-0.648%, and the balance Fe.
Wherein Ceq is C + Mn/6+ (Cr + Mo + V)/5+ (Ni + Cu)/15.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a graph illustrating a quenching and tempering process of a full-circle yoke forging according to the present invention. The invention also provides a quenching and tempering process of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging, which comprises the following steps:
1. quenching, heating and heat preservation: charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece into a furnace, heating to 650-670 ℃, carrying out first heat preservation treatment, wherein the calculation formula of the heat preservation time is 1.5-2 h/100mm, then heating to 890-950 ℃, and carrying out second heat preservation treatment, wherein the calculation formula of the heat preservation time is 2.5-3 h/100 mm;
2. quenching: cooling by water, wherein the water cooling time is more than or equal to 60 minutes, the temperature of cooling water is less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the cooling process, air cooling is carried out after the water cooling is finished, and the temperature is measured by an infrared temperature measuring gun after 10 minutes to ensure that the surface temperature of the whole circular magnetic yoke forging is less than or equal to 250 ℃;
3. tempering: and charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging into a furnace, heating to 250-300 ℃, carrying out third heat preservation treatment, wherein the calculation formula of the heat preservation time is 1-1.5 h/100mm, then heating to 580-610 ℃, carrying out fourth heat preservation treatment, wherein the calculation formula of the heat preservation time is 3-4 h/100m, and carrying out air cooling after the heat preservation is finished.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 1, the charging temperature of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging is less than or equal to 400 ℃.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 1, the furnace temperature is increased to 650-670 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 1, the furnace temperature is increased to 890-950 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 100 ℃/h.
In an example of the hardening and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 2, timing is started from discharging of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging until the full-circle magnetic yoke forging is completely immersed in water, and the time is less than or equal to 4 minutes.
In an example of the hardening and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in the step 2, the water penetration depth of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging is greater than or equal to 1 meter, and the full-circle magnetic yoke forging keeps moving up and down in the water cooling process.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in the step 2, before the full-circle magnetic yoke forging enters water, the water temperature is ensured to be less than or equal to 20 ℃.
In an example of the quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging, in step 3, the furnace temperature is increased to 580-610 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h.
Example 1
Preparing a 300mm full-circle magnetic yoke forging, wherein the mass percent of each component is C: 0.17%, Si: 0.37%, Mn: 0.80%, P: 0.006%, S: 0.005%, Cr: 0.75%, Mo: 0.30%, Ni: 1.55%, V: 0.10%, Cu: 0.20%, Ceq: 0.648% and the balance Fe.
Smelting the raw materials by an electric furnace, refining by a ladle, and performing vacuum degassing to obtain an alloy ingot. Heating the alloy cast ingot to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 20 hours, then forging for the first time on an oil press, wherein the main deformation draw ratio is more than 2.2, ensuring effective compaction of a core part, and then cutting off a water gap and a riser. And heating the forged alloy ingot to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 9 hours, and then forging for the second time, wherein the forging ratio is not less than 2. Repairing the alloy cast ingot after twice forging, and reaming and finishing to obtain a finished product.
Tempering process of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging:
1. quenching, heating and heat preservation: and when the furnace temperature is less than or equal to 400 ℃, charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forge piece, raising the furnace temperature to 650 ℃ at a speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 4.5 hours, then raising the furnace temperature to 890 ℃ at a speed of 100 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 7.5 hours.
2. Quenching: and lifting the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging by using a lifting appliance, and starting timing from the time when the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is discharged out of the furnace until the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is completely immersed in water, wherein the time is 4 minutes.
And (2) cooling the whole circular magnetic yoke forging by a water cooling method, wherein the temperature of cooling water is less than or equal to 20 ℃ before the whole circular magnetic yoke forging is immersed in water, cold water is continuously added into the water tank after the whole circular magnetic yoke forging is immersed in water, the hot water in the water tank is discharged, the temperature of the cooling water is ensured to be less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the water cooling process, and the water cooling time is 60 minutes. In the water cooling process, the water penetration depth of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece is larger than or equal to 1 meter, and in the water cooling process, the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece keeps moving up and down. And after the water cooling is finished, performing air cooling, measuring the temperature by using an infrared temperature measuring gun after 10 minutes, and ensuring that the surface temperature of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is less than or equal to 250 ℃.
3. Tempering: and (3) charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece into a furnace, heating to 250 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, then heating the furnace to 580 ℃ at the speed of 60 ℃/h, preserving heat for 9 hours, taking out the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece by using a lifting appliance after heat preservation, air-cooling, and finishing the tempering process.
Example 2
Preparing a 300mm full-circle magnetic yoke forging, wherein the mass percent of each component is C: 0.17%, Si: 0.3%, Mn: 0.80%, P: 0.005%, S: 0.004%, Cr: 0.70%, Mo: 0.25%, Ni: 1.50%, V: 0.01%, Cu: 0.10%, Ceq: 0.602 percent and the balance of Fe.
Smelting the raw materials by an electric furnace, refining by a ladle, and performing vacuum degassing to obtain an alloy ingot. Heating the alloy cast ingot to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 20 hours, then forging for the first time on an oil press, wherein the main deformation draw ratio is more than 2.2, ensuring effective compaction of a core part, and then cutting off a water gap and a riser. And heating the forged alloy ingot to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 9 hours, and then forging for the second time, wherein the forging ratio is not less than 2. Repairing the alloy cast ingot after twice forging, and reaming and finishing to obtain a finished product.
Tempering process of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging:
1. quenching, heating and heat preservation: and when the furnace temperature is less than or equal to 400 ℃, charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forge piece, raising the furnace temperature to 670 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, preserving the temperature for 6 hours, then raising the furnace temperature to 950 ℃ at the speed of 90 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 9 hours.
2. Quenching: and lifting the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging by using a lifting appliance, starting timing from the time when the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is discharged out of the furnace until the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is completely immersed in water, wherein the time is 3 minutes.
And cooling the whole circular magnetic yoke forging by a water cooling method, wherein the temperature of cooling water is less than or equal to 20 ℃ before the whole circular magnetic yoke forging enters water, cold water is continuously added into the water tank after the whole circular magnetic yoke forging enters the water, the hot water in the water tank is discharged, the temperature of the cooling water is ensured to be less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the water cooling process, and the water cooling time is 70 minutes. In the water cooling process, the water penetration depth of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece is larger than or equal to 1 meter, and in the water cooling process, the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece keeps moving up and down. And after the water cooling is finished, performing air cooling, measuring the temperature for 10 minutes by using an infrared temperature measuring gun, and ensuring that the surface temperature of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is less than or equal to 250 ℃.
3. Tempering: and charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece into a furnace, heating to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 4.5 hours, then heating the furnace to 610 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, preserving heat for 12 hours, taking out the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece by using a lifting appliance after heat preservation, air cooling, and finishing the tempering process.
Example 3
Preparing a 300mm full-circle magnetic yoke forging, wherein the mass percent of each component is C: 0.19%, Si: 0.2%, Mn: 0.85%, P: 0.004%, S: 0.003%, Cr: 0.70%, Mo: 0.25%, Ni: 1.50%, V: 0.05%, Cu: 0.10%, Ceq: 0.638%, the balance being Fe.
Smelting the raw materials by an electric furnace, refining by a ladle, and performing vacuum degassing to obtain an alloy ingot. Heating the alloy cast ingot to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 20 hours, then forging for the first time on an oil press, wherein the main deformation draw ratio is more than 2.2, ensuring effective compaction of a core part, and then cutting off a water gap and a riser. And heating the forged alloy ingot to 1250 ℃, preserving heat for 9 hours, and then forging for the second time, wherein the forging ratio is not less than 2. Repairing the alloy cast ingot after twice forging, and reaming and finishing to obtain a finished product.
Tempering process of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging:
1. quenching, heating and heat preservation: and when the furnace temperature is less than or equal to 400 ℃, charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forge piece, raising the furnace temperature to 650 ℃ at the speed of 40 ℃/h, preserving the heat for 4.5 hours, then raising the furnace temperature to 930 ℃ at the speed of 80 ℃/h, and preserving the heat for 9 hours.
2. Quenching: and lifting the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging by using a lifting appliance, and starting timing from the time when the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is discharged out of the furnace until the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is completely immersed in water, wherein the time is 4 minutes.
And (2) cooling the whole circular magnetic yoke forging by a water cooling method, wherein the temperature of cooling water is less than or equal to 20 ℃ before the whole circular magnetic yoke forging is immersed in water, cold water is continuously added into the water tank after the whole circular magnetic yoke forging is immersed in water, the hot water in the water tank is discharged, the temperature of the cooling water is ensured to be less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the water cooling process, and the water cooling time is 60 minutes. In the water cooling process, the water penetration depth of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece is larger than or equal to 1 meter, and in the water cooling process, the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece keeps moving up and down. And after the water cooling is finished, performing air cooling, measuring the temperature by using an infrared temperature measuring gun after 10 minutes, and ensuring that the surface temperature of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is less than or equal to 250 ℃.
3. Tempering: and (3) charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging, heating to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 4.5 hours, then heating to 600 ℃ at the speed of 45 ℃/h, preserving heat for 9 hours, taking out the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging by using a lifting appliance after heat preservation, and air cooling, thus finishing the tempering process.
The whole-ring magnetic yoke forging piece prepared in the embodiment 1-3 is sampled, two groups of samples, namely a sample a and a sample b, which are symmetrical about a central axis are taken at the 1/2 thickness position 90mm away from the edge of an inner hole, the obtained sample a and the obtained sample b are prepared into test samples for testing, and a tensile test, an impact test, a metallographic structure test and a grain size test are carried out. The test results of the sample of the whole-ring yoke forging prepared in example 1 are analyzed.
The samples of the samples a and b were subjected to a tensile test using a universal material testing machine, and the samples of the samples a and b were subjected to an impact test using an impact testing machine, and the test results are shown in the following table.
Table 1 shows the mechanical property test results of the whole-ring yoke forgings sample a and sample b
The mechanical property of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece can meet the requirement of the generating motor on the whole circular ring magnetic yoke, and the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece is a whole forging piece, so that the problems of deformation, tooth dislocation and the like in the production, transportation and installation processes can be avoided.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a microstructure of a whole-ring yoke forging sample a and a sample b according to the present invention. Metallographic microscope is used for carrying out metallographic analysis test on the samples of the sample a and the sample b, the magnification is 500 times, and as can be seen from the graph 2, the metallographic structure of the sample a is a fine bainite structure and a small amount of pearlite structure, and the metallographic structure of the sample b is a fine bainite structure and a small amount of pearlite structure, so that the metallographic structure of the whole-circle magnetic yoke forging prepared in the embodiment 1 is mainly a fine bainite structure and a small amount of pearlite structure, and the performance requirements of a power generation motor on the whole-circle magnetic yoke forging can be met.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a grain size inspection chart of the sample a and the sample b of the full-circle yoke forging of the present invention. The metallographic microscope is used for carrying out grain size inspection on the samples of the sample a and the sample b, the magnification is 100 times, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the grain size of the sample a is 7 grades, and the grain size of the sample b is 6.5 grades, so that the grain size grade of the whole circular yoke forging prepared in the embodiment 1 is very high, and the performance requirement of the generator motor on the whole circular yoke forging can be met.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a full ring yoke forging which characterized in that: the mass percentage of each component is C: 0.17-0.19%, Si is less than or equal to 0.37%, Mn: 0.80-0.85%, P is less than or equal to 0.006%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, Cr: 0.70-0.75%, Mo: 0.25 to 0.30%, Ni: 1.50-1.55%, V: 0.01-0.10%, Cu is less than or equal to 0.20%, Ceq: 0.602-0.648%, and the balance Fe.
2. A quenching and tempering process of a full-circle magnetic yoke forging is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) quenching, heating and heat preservation: charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging into a furnace, heating to 650-670 ℃, carrying out first heat preservation treatment, then heating to 890-950 ℃, and carrying out second heat preservation treatment;
(2) quenching: cooling by water, wherein the water cooling time is more than or equal to 60 minutes, the temperature of cooling water is less than or equal to 30 ℃, and after the water cooling is finished, performing air cooling to ensure that the surface temperature of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is less than or equal to 250 ℃;
(3) tempering: and charging the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging into a furnace, heating to 250-300 ℃, carrying out third heat preservation treatment, then heating to 580-610 ℃, carrying out fourth heat preservation treatment, and carrying out air cooling after heat preservation.
3. The quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging piece as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the charging temperature of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is less than or equal to 400 ℃.
4. The quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging piece as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the furnace temperature is raised to 650-670 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h.
5. The quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging piece as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), the furnace temperature is raised to 890-950 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 100 ℃/h.
6. The quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging piece as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), timing is started from the time when the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is discharged until the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging is completely immersed in water, and the time is less than or equal to 4 minutes.
7. The quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging piece as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), the water penetration depth of the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece is larger than or equal to 1 meter, and in the water cooling process, the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece keeps moving up and down.
8. The quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging piece as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), before the whole circular ring magnetic yoke forging piece enters water, the temperature of the cooling water is ensured to be less than or equal to 20 ℃.
9. The quenching and tempering process of the full-circle magnetic yoke forging piece as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (3), the furnace temperature is increased to 580-610 ℃ at a temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃/h.
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