CN113564306A - Electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process cleaning smelting process - Google Patents
Electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process cleaning smelting process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113564306A CN113564306A CN202110826007.9A CN202110826007A CN113564306A CN 113564306 A CN113564306 A CN 113564306A CN 202110826007 A CN202110826007 A CN 202110826007A CN 113564306 A CN113564306 A CN 113564306A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- smelting
- electric arc
- technology
- steelmaking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000009845 electric arc furnace steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005502 peroxidation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular oxygen Chemical compound C.O=O CSJDCSCTVDEHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- FVFLHJZAFUCZAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Mg].[Fe] Chemical compound [C].[Mg].[Fe] FVFLHJZAFUCZAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/54—Processes yielding slags of special composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a clean smelting process of an electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: scrap steel crushing and sorting technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking composite blowing technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking gas-solid blowing technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking quality analysis monitoring and cost control technology and foam slag detection and control technology. The invention provides a clean smelting process for an electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process, which has the following beneficial effects: on the basis of perfecting the key technology of clean smelting of the existing electric arc furnace steel making, a clean production platform of the electric arc furnace steel making process is further constructed, the production efficiency, the product quality, the energy-saving and environment-friendly level and the intelligentization are continuously improved, and the product quality and the product competitiveness of the electric arc furnace steel making process are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric furnace smelting reduction, in particular to a clean smelting process of an electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process.
Background
Compared with the foreign electric arc furnace steelmaking, the electric arc furnace is always the production master force of special steel in China. With the increasing requirements of domestic manufacturing industry on the quality of special steel, the improvement of the steelmaking process and equipment level of the electric arc furnace in China becomes the key for improving the quality of electric furnace steel products at present. On one hand, due to the special furnace type structure, the stirring strength of the steel-making molten pool of the electric arc furnace is insufficient, the oxygen utilization rate is low, the content of final slag (FeO) is high, and the molten steel is seriously oxidized; on the other hand, the electric arc furnace steelmaking process comprises the removal of residual elements P, S, N, H, inclusions and the like, and the matching and optimization of the whole process flow are related to the challenge of the technology for smelting high-quality steel in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process. The development of the electric arc furnace steelmaking technology in recent years can find that the electric arc furnace steelmaking makes a long-term progress in the aspect of clean smelting on the basis of the original high-efficiency energy-saving smelting, the product quality is obviously improved, and the electric arc furnace steelmaking technology has great significance for promoting the construction of a clean production platform of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process in China.
In the process of carrying out electric arc furnace steelmaking production, the main raw material is scrap steel, and auxiliary materials such as alloy, lime and the like are added, but the scrap steel at the present stage has the following problems:
(1) with the development and progress of society, the number of scrapped automobiles, household appliances and the like is rapidly increased, so that the components of the scrap steel are relatively complex and comprise various nonferrous metals, ferrous metals and nonmetallic substances. In addition, due to the application of the composite material, the composition of the scrap steel is more complex, and the scrap steel contains a plurality of impurity elements such as Zn, Sn, Mo, Cu and the like, so that the harmful substances are continuously accumulated and increased in the process of carrying out electric arc furnace steelmaking.
(2) In the process of carrying out the steel-making production of the electric arc furnace, the added auxiliary materials can also cause the increase of harmful elements and influence the cleanliness of molten steel to a certain extent.
Therefore, aiming at the problems, the technical scheme innovates the clean smelting technology of the steelmaking process of the electric arc furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a clean smelting process of an electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process, and solves the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the purification smelting process comprises the following steps: scrap steel crushing and sorting technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking composite blowing technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking gas-solid blowing technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking quality analysis monitoring and cost control technology and foam slag detection and control technology.
Optionally, in the scrap crushing and sorting technology, scrap raw materials are crushed, metal, nonmetal, nonferrous metal and the like in the scrap raw materials are screened by using a dry type sorting system and a wet type sorting system, and are respectively recycled and treated, and paint and a coating on the surface of the scrap raw materials are removed.
Optionally, the electric arc furnace steelmaking composite converting technology comprises an electric arc furnace bundling modular energy supply technology and an embedded oxygen supply blowing technology.
Optionally, the modular energy supply technology of electric arc furnace cluster includes oven and the oven top oxygen supply mode of bundling, oxygen blowing and powder spraying unit coaxial installation are on the integration water-cooling module of oven in the oxygen supply mode of oven bundling, possess fluxing, modes such as decarbonization, realize the gas-solid mixed injection, the dynamic switching of gas powder (carbon dust, dephosphorization agent) jetting, satisfy foam slag, dephosphorization and control molten steel requirement such as overoxidation, the kinetic energy of granule has been strengthened, make oxygen, the high-efficient slag steel reaction interface of carrying of powder, stabilize foam slag, reduce the smelting power consumption, improve the metal yield, smelt to the many first burden structures of high molten iron ratio, with increase oxygen supply intensity in the electric arc furnace, strengthen the molten bath stirring.
Optionally, the embedded oxygen supply blowing technology moves an oxygen supply mode from the upper part of the molten pool to the lower part of the steel liquid level, and a double-channel spray gun is used for directly inputting oxygen into the molten pool, so that the metallurgical reaction speed is accelerated, and the oxygen utilization rate is improved to 98%; aiming at the problems that the embedded spray gun is easy to burn and damage and oxygen flow scours and erodes refractory materials of the furnace wall, the corrosion speed is controlled by adopting an annular cyclone protection technology and a control mode of 'protective smelting-tapping' of central main jet flow, so that the service life of the spray gun is synchronous with the age of the furnace.
Optionally, the gas-solid injection technology for electric arc furnace steelmaking moves the traditional powder injection mode above the molten pool to the lower part of the molten pool, and realizes the high-efficiency clean smelting of the electric arc furnace by injecting carbon powder and lime powder in the molten pool.
Optionally, in the gas-solid injection technology for electric arc furnace steelmaking, in the early stage of smelting, carbon powder is injected into a molten pool by using air or CO2-O2 to accelerate scrap steel melting, so that molten carbon content is increased while quick melting is realized; and in the later stage of smelting, lime powder is sprayed into the molten pool by using O2 or O2-CO2, so that dephosphorization is enhanced and the production efficiency is improved.
Optionally, the electric arc furnace steelmaking quality analysis monitoring and cost control technology can optimize links such as cost control, reasonable energy supply and the like in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process through data information exchange and process optimization control, reduce cost and improve efficiency, analyzes the EAF → LF steelmaking process component data through an EAF → LF steelmaking process end point component control model, dynamically adjusts the component control relation parameters, predicts real-time oxygen content and alloy element yield, guides a deoxidation process and an alloy feeding process, and realizes accurate control of the EAF → LF steelmaking process components; establishing a database by recording the historical data of the electric arc furnace smelting process; selecting optimal historical data similar to the current smelting furnace burden structure, smelting environment and the like according to the principle of lowest cost and energy consumption or shortest smelting time; by establishing a cost monitoring system of the electric arc furnace and the refining process, the cost of a single furnace of the electric arc furnace is predicted and calculated in real time, power supply and oxygen supply optimization guidance curves and optimization of different furnace charge structures are provided, the cost of a single furnace of the refining furnace is predicted and calculated in real time, and optimized alloy and slag charge combination is provided.
Optionally, the foam slag detection and control technology accurately detects and analyzes the height of the foam slag through a sound sensor arranged on the furnace body; the height of the foam slag related to the electrode is detected in a subarea mode, guidance can be provided for automatic carbon spraying operation, consumption indexes are reduced to the maximum extent, power consumption and carbon consumption are reduced, production cost is reduced, electrifying time can be shortened, productivity is improved, and the integrated oxygen lance system is arranged on the furnace door and can replace a furnace door cleaning manipulator or a furnace door oxygen lance to automatically clean a furnace door area.
The invention provides a clean smelting process for an electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process, which has the following beneficial effects: on the basis of perfecting the key technology of clean smelting of the existing electric arc furnace steel making, a clean production platform of the electric arc furnace steel making process is further constructed, the production efficiency, the product quality, the energy-saving and environment-friendly level and the intelligentization are continuously improved, and the product quality and the product competitiveness of the electric arc furnace steel making process are improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process cleaning smelting process comprises the following steps: scrap steel crushing and sorting technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking composite blowing technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking gas-solid blowing technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking quality analysis monitoring and cost control technology and foam slag detection and control technology.
Specifically, the scrap steel crushing and sorting technology is characterized in that scrap steel raw materials are crushed, metal, nonmetal, nonferrous metal and the like in the scrap steel raw materials are screened by a dry type sorting system and a wet type sorting system, the metal, nonmetal, nonferrous metal and the like are respectively recovered and treated, and paint and a coating on the surface of the scrap steel raw materials are removed.
Specifically, the electric arc furnace steelmaking composite converting technology comprises an electric arc furnace cluster modular energy supply technology and an embedded oxygen supply blowing technology.
Specifically, the modular energy supply technology for the electric arc furnace cluster comprises a furnace wall and a furnace top cluster oxygen supply mode, wherein an oxygen blowing unit and a powder spraying unit are coaxially arranged on an integrated water cooling module of the furnace wall in the furnace wall cluster oxygen supply mode, the modular energy supply technology for the electric arc furnace cluster comprises fluxing, decarburization and other modes, dynamic switching of gas-solid mixed injection and gas powder injection (carbon powder, dephosphorization agent and the like) is realized, requirements of foaming slag, dephosphorization, molten steel peroxidation control and the like are met, kinetic energy of particles is enhanced, oxygen and powder are efficiently conveyed to a slag-steel reaction interface, the foaming slag is stabilized, smelting power consumption is reduced, metal yield is improved, smelting is carried out aiming at a multi-element furnace burden structure with a high molten iron ratio, oxygen supply intensity in the electric arc furnace is increased, and molten pool stirring is enhanced. The technology can switch power supply and oxygen supply, complete smelting tasks such as decarburization and dephosphorization, improve oxygen supply efficiency, and achieve clean smelting tasks such as dephosphorization with the effects of shortening smelting time, reducing smelting power consumption and the like.
Specifically, the embedded oxygen supply blowing technology moves an oxygen supply mode from the upper part of a molten pool to the lower part of the liquid level of steel, and a double-channel spray gun is used for directly inputting oxygen into the molten pool, so that the metallurgical reaction speed is accelerated, and the oxygen utilization rate is improved to 98%. Aiming at the problems that the embedded spray gun is easy to burn and damage and oxygen flow scours and erodes refractory materials of the furnace wall, the corrosion speed is controlled by adopting an annular cyclone protection technology and a control mode of 'protective smelting-tapping' of central main jet flow, so that the service life of the spray gun is synchronous with the age of the furnace. The technology obviously improves the flowing speed and the chemical reaction speed of the molten steel, effectively controls the peroxidation of the molten steel and improves the dephosphorization efficiency of a molten pool.
Specifically, the gas-solid injection technology for electric arc furnace steelmaking moves the traditional powder injection mode above a molten pool to the lower part of the molten pool, realizes the high-efficiency clean smelting of the electric arc furnace by injecting carbon powder and lime powder in the molten pool, and shows obvious technical advantages in the aspects of production efficiency, technical indexes, molten steel quality and the like.
Specifically, in the gas-solid injection technology for electric arc furnace steelmaking, in the early stage of smelting, carbon powder is injected into a molten pool by using air or CO2-O2 to accelerate scrap steel melting, so that the molten carbon content is improved while quick melting is realized; lime powder is sprayed into the molten pool by using O2 or O2-CO2 in the later stage of smelting, and deep denitrification and dehydrogenation can be realized by generating a large amount of CO bubbles through violent carbon-oxygen reaction while strengthening dephosphorization, so that the cleanliness of the molten steel at the end point is obviously improved.
Specifically, the electric arc furnace steelmaking quality analysis monitoring and cost control technology can optimize links such as cost control, reasonable energy supply and the like in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process through data information exchange and process optimization control, reduce cost and improve efficiency. The method comprises the steps of analyzing the EAF → LF steelmaking process component data through an EAF → LF steelmaking process end point component control model, dynamically adjusting and dividing control relation parameters, predicting the real-time oxygen content and the yield of alloy elements, guiding a deoxidation process and an alloy feeding process, and realizing the accurate control of the EAF → LF steelmaking process components. Establishing a database by recording the historical data of the electric arc furnace smelting process; according to the principle of lowest cost and energy consumption or shortest smelting time, selecting the optimal historical data similar to the furnace charge structure, smelting environment and the like of the current smelting furnace, and then smelting according to the smelting process of the optimal furnace so as to achieve the optimal smelting effect. By establishing a cost monitoring system of the electric arc furnace and the refining process, the cost of a single furnace of the electric arc furnace is predicted and calculated in real time, and power supply and oxygen supply optimization guidance curves and optimization of different furnace charge structures are provided. And (4) predicting and calculating the cost of a single furnace of the refining furnace in real time, and providing an optimized alloy and slag charge combination.
Specifically, the foam slag detection and control technology accurately detects and analyzes the height of the foam slag through a sound sensor arranged on a furnace body; the height of the foam slag related to the electrode is detected in a subarea mode, guidance can be provided for automatic carbon spraying operation, consumption indexes are reduced to the maximum extent, power consumption and carbon consumption are reduced, production cost is reduced, electrifying time can be shortened, and productivity is improved
Specifically, the stable control of the oxygen content of molten steel at the smelting end point of the electric arc furnace is the key for reducing the inclusions in the steel. The electric arc furnace steelmaking generally adopts the intensified oxygen supply operation to accelerate the smelting rhythm and improve the production efficiency, but the electric arc furnace steelmaking end point control is not accurate, the molten steel peroxidation is serious, and the carbon oxygen deposition is obviously higher than that of a converter. This not only results in excessive consumption of deoxidizer in the later refining process, but also results in a significant increase in the amount of inclusions produced during the refining. In order to reduce the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point, the electric arc furnace steelmaking mainly controls the oxygen blowing amount before tapping, and simultaneously injects inert gas to strengthen stirring; during tapping, eccentric furnace bottom tapping is adopted to control the slag discharge amount; and adding iron-carbon-magnesium balls before tapping to reduce the oxygen content of the molten steel. In the LF refining process, an 'aluminum + composite deoxidizer' deoxidation mode is adopted to convert Al2O3 inclusions into easily floating inclusions with larger sizes and then remove the easily floating inclusions; and (3) deeply removing active oxygen and inclusions in steel by adopting a double-vacuum process operation in a pre-vacuum light treatment mode and a vacuum treatment mode after LF refining.
Specifically, when the electric arc furnace adopts high-power supply to strengthen scrap steel melting, the high-temperature electric arc generated by electrode discharge can ionize N2 in nearby air, so that the nitrogen absorption capacity of molten steel is greatly increased; in the smelting process of the electric arc furnace, N2 is sometimes used as bottom blowing gas or powder blowing carrier gas to be immersed into a molten pool, molten steel further absorbs nitrogen, and meanwhile, the smelting raw materials of the electric arc furnace contain water and contact with air, which causes the hydrogen content in the molten steel to be higher. The method for solving the problems mainly comprises the steps of removing water by a scrap steel preheating mode, reducing hydrogen elements and feeding the hydrogen elements into a furnace; adjusting the furnace charge structure, increasing the carbon content of a molten pool by adding DRI, increasing the molten iron ratio and the like, performing high-strength decarburization boiling operation at the later stage of smelting in an electric arc furnace to remove [ N ] and [ H ] in molten steel, protecting in the subsequent refining and pouring processes, and controlling the contents of [ N ] and [ H ] in steel.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The clean smelting process of the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process is characterized by comprising the following steps: scrap steel crushing and sorting technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking composite blowing technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking gas-solid blowing technology, electric arc furnace steelmaking quality analysis monitoring and cost control technology and foam slag detection and control technology.
2. The clean smelting process of the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the scrap steel crushing and sorting technology is characterized in that scrap steel raw materials are crushed, metal, nonmetal, nonferrous metal and the like in the scrap steel raw materials are screened by a dry type sorting system and a wet type sorting system, the metal, nonmetal, nonferrous metal and the like are respectively recovered and treated, and paint and a coating on the surface of the scrap steel are removed.
3. The clean smelting process of the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the electric arc furnace steelmaking composite converting technology comprises an electric arc furnace cluster modular energy supply technology and an embedded oxygen supply blowing technology.
4. The clean smelting process of the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process according to claim 3, wherein the smelting process comprises the following steps: the modular energy supply technology for the electric arc furnace cluster comprises a furnace wall and a furnace top cluster oxygen supply mode, wherein an oxygen blowing unit and a powder spraying unit are coaxially arranged on an integrated water cooling module of the furnace wall in the furnace wall cluster oxygen supply mode, the dynamic switching of gas-solid mixed injection and gas powder injection (carbon powder, dephosphorizing agent and the like) is realized, oxygen and powder are efficiently conveyed to a slag steel reaction interface, foam slag is stabilized, the smelting power consumption is reduced, the metal yield is improved, a multi-element furnace burden structure with high molten iron ratio is smelted, the oxygen supply strength in the electric arc furnace is increased, and the stirring of a molten pool is strengthened.
5. The clean smelting process of the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process according to claim 3, wherein the smelting process comprises the following steps: the embedded oxygen supply blowing technology moves an oxygen supply mode from the upper part of a molten pool to the lower part of the liquid level of steel, and oxygen is directly input into the molten pool by using a double-channel spray gun, so that the metallurgical reaction speed is accelerated; the corrosion speed is controlled by adopting an annular cyclone protection technology and a central main jet flow 'protection smelting-tapping' control mode, so that the service life of the spray gun is synchronous with the furnace life.
6. The clean smelting process of the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the gas-solid injection technology for electric arc furnace steelmaking moves the traditional powder injection mode above a molten pool to the lower part of the molten pool, and injects carbon powder and lime powder into the molten pool.
7. The clean smelting process of the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process according to claim 6, wherein the smelting process comprises the following steps: in the gas-solid injection technology for electric arc furnace steelmaking, carbon powder is injected into a molten pool by using air or CO2-O2 in the early stage of smelting to accelerate the melting of scrap steel; and lime powder is sprayed into the molten pool by using O2 or O2-CO2 in the later stage of smelting, so that deep denitrification and dehydrogenation can be realized while dephosphorization is enhanced.
8. The clean smelting process of the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the electric arc furnace steelmaking quality analysis monitoring and cost control technology can optimize links such as cost control, reasonable energy supply and the like in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process through data information exchange and process optimization control, reduce the cost and improve the efficiency; analyzing the EAF → LF steelmaking process component data through an EAF → LF steelmaking process end point component control model, dynamically adjusting the component control relation parameters, predicting the real-time oxygen content and the yield of alloy elements, guiding a deoxidation process and an alloy feeding process, and realizing the accurate control of the EAF → LF steelmaking process components; according to the principle of lowest cost and energy consumption or shortest smelting time, selecting optimal historical data similar to the furnace burden structure, smelting environment and the like of the current smelting furnace, and then smelting according to the smelting process of the optimal furnace to achieve the optimal smelting effect; and establishing a cost monitoring system of the electric arc furnace and the refining process, predicting and calculating the cost of a single furnace of the electric arc furnace in real time, and providing power supply and oxygen supply optimization guidance curves and optimization of different furnace charge structures.
9. The clean smelting process of the electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the foam slag detection and control technology accurately detects and analyzes the height of the foam slag through a sound sensor arranged on a furnace body; the height of the foam slag related to the electrode is detected in a subarea mode, guidance can be provided for automatic carbon spraying operation, an integrated oxygen lance system is installed on the furnace door and can replace a furnace door cleaning manipulator or a furnace door oxygen lance to automatically clean a furnace door area, the system can replace a furnace body tilting device to control slag flowing through controlling the closing of the furnace door and can also control the level and the existence time of the foam slag in the furnace.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110826007.9A CN113564306A (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process cleaning smelting process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110826007.9A CN113564306A (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process cleaning smelting process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113564306A true CN113564306A (en) | 2021-10-29 |
Family
ID=78166062
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110826007.9A Pending CN113564306A (en) | 2021-07-21 | 2021-07-21 | Electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process cleaning smelting process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113564306A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114150099A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-08 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | Intelligent centralized control method for steelmaking |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203546065U (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-16 | 湖南镭目科技有限公司 | Audio type converter splashing prediction system |
| CN107502702A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-22 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of purifying quick smelting process of full steel scrap electric arc furnaces |
| US20180363077A1 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-20 | University Of Science And Technology Beijing | Production method for smelting clean steel from full-scrap steel using duplex electric arc furnaces |
-
2021
- 2021-07-21 CN CN202110826007.9A patent/CN113564306A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203546065U (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-04-16 | 湖南镭目科技有限公司 | Audio type converter splashing prediction system |
| US20180363077A1 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-20 | University Of Science And Technology Beijing | Production method for smelting clean steel from full-scrap steel using duplex electric arc furnaces |
| CN107502702A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-22 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of purifying quick smelting process of full steel scrap electric arc furnaces |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 姜周华等: "电弧炉炼钢技术的发展趋势", 《钢铁》 * |
| 朱荣等: "电弧炉炼钢流程洁净化冶炼技术", 《炼钢》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114150099A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-08 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | Intelligent centralized control method for steelmaking |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102719593B (en) | Method for smelting ultra-low carbon steel | |
| CN102676743B (en) | The hot refining slag of LF returns circulation utilization method step by step | |
| US9493854B2 (en) | Converter steelmaking method | |
| CN112981038B (en) | Method for reducing nitrogen content in steel to obtain low-nitrogen steel in electric furnace steelmaking process | |
| CN102719600A (en) | Production method of ultra low carbon steel | |
| CN103045788A (en) | Reduction steel-making method and reduction steel-marking device | |
| CN101787412A (en) | Bottom dusting electrical furnace steelmaking process | |
| CN102242239A (en) | Molten iron pre-dephosphorization method by utilizing top and bottom combined blown converter | |
| CN110819768A (en) | Method for improving RH vacuum grooving cold steel efficiency for low-carbon aluminum killed steel | |
| CN108866277A (en) | A kind of single-mouth refining furnace and refinery practice of smelting ultralow-carbon stainless steel | |
| CN111299533A (en) | Method for improving castability of ultra-low carbon steel produced by billet continuous casting machine | |
| CN113564306A (en) | Electric furnace smelting reduction steelmaking process cleaning smelting process | |
| CN110616293B (en) | Method for adding rare earth into molten steel | |
| CN103993132B (en) | The method of LF stove smelting low-nitrogen steel | |
| CN106319139A (en) | Smelting method for increasing nitrogen content of screw-thread steel | |
| CN104263875B (en) | A kind of top blown converter adopts high phosphorus hot metal to produce the dephosphorizing method of alloy bonding wire steel | |
| CN210856202U (en) | Liquid metal smelting system | |
| CN111394536A (en) | Control method for N content of high-strength high-aluminum high-vanadium plate blank | |
| CN115679036A (en) | Low-carbon and low-oxygen plasma electric furnace steelmaking device containing hydrogen and steelmaking method | |
| CN214400601U (en) | Directly-cast ore smelting reduction headless metallurgical furnace | |
| CN211689138U (en) | System for utilize induction heating jetting to handle rich manganese slag stove molten iron | |
| CN1469933A (en) | Method for producing stainless steels, in particular high-grade steels containing chromium and chromiumnickel | |
| JPH05239534A (en) | Method for melting non-oriented electric steel sheet | |
| CN210856207U (en) | Liquid metal refining device and liquid metal smelting system | |
| CN109628676B (en) | Short-process technology for directly producing pure molten iron |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20211029 |