CN113560145A - Surface treatment process and equipment for automobile metal parts - Google Patents
Surface treatment process and equipment for automobile metal parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN113560145A CN113560145A CN202110836639.3A CN202110836639A CN113560145A CN 113560145 A CN113560145 A CN 113560145A CN 202110836639 A CN202110836639 A CN 202110836639A CN 113560145 A CN113560145 A CN 113560145A
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- parts
- cleaning
- degreasing
- treatment process
- clamping
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005237 degreasing agent Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
- B05D1/06—Applying particulate materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/0221—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts
- B05B13/0228—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts the movement of the objects being rotative
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B16/00—Spray booths
- B05B16/20—Arrangements for spraying in combination with other operations, e.g. drying; Arrangements enabling a combination of spraying operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
- B05D3/0426—Cooling with air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a surface treatment process and equipment for automobile metal parts, wherein a degreasing mechanism, a pickling mechanism, a first cleaning mechanism, a polishing mechanism, a second cleaning mechanism, a drying mechanism, a spraying mechanism and a cooling mechanism are sequentially arranged in a treatment process cabinet, a moving mechanism and a clamping mechanism are arranged outside the treatment process cabinet, and the surfaces of the automobile metal parts are sequentially subjected to degreasing, pickling, primary cleaning, polishing, secondary cleaning, drying, spraying, cooling and the like, so that the surfaces of the automobile metal parts are smoother, the wear resistance of the surfaces of the automobile metal parts is improved, the efficiency of the overall treatment process can be further improved through integrated equipment, the labor intensity is reduced through mechanical control, and the labor cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment, in particular to a surface treatment process and equipment for an automobile metal part.
Background
The automobile parts are the essential factors for supporting the continuous healthy development of the automobile industry as the basis of the automobile industry, and particularly, the automobile industry is in a rapid development stage at present, and a strong automobile part system is needed as a support.
The service life of the modern automobile is long, parts on some parts of the automobile are easy to wear in a long-term working state, if the parts are not subjected to wear-resisting treatment, the parts need to be frequently replaced, the use cost of the automobile is increased, meanwhile, certain trouble is caused to users, and if the parts are not replaced, the safety performance of the automobile is affected, and certain safety accidents are caused.
Meanwhile, the existing surface treatment process for the automobile metal parts is multiple, the surface treatment for the metal parts is relatively simple before the wear-resistant treatment, so that the wear-resistant performance is not high, in the existing surface treatment process for the automobile metal parts, a lot of devices are used, the whole treatment process is long, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the efficiency is low, so that the efficient and convenient surface treatment process and device for the automobile metal parts are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a surface treatment process and equipment for automobile metal parts, which improve the cleaning and smoothing performance of the surface of the whole metal part by carrying out degreasing, pickling, primary cleaning, polishing, secondary cleaning and drying treatment on the surface of the automobile metal part, lay a foundation for subsequent powder spraying treatment, ensure better spraying effect, prolong the service life of the whole automobile metal part and meet the requirements of customers; and moreover, the whole process is integrated through integrated equipment, and the processing treatment is carried out through mechanical control, so that the treatment efficiency and effect are further improved, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the labor cost is saved.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a surface treatment process for automobile metal parts comprises the following steps:
clamping a part to be treated, and then putting the part into a degreasing mechanism for degreasing;
secondly, placing the degreased parts into an acid washing mechanism for acid washing treatment;
thirdly, placing the parts after the pickling into a first cleaning mechanism for first cleaning;
polishing the surface of the part cleaned for the first time by using a polishing mechanism;
putting the polished part into a second cleaning mechanism for secondary cleaning;
sixthly, putting the parts cleaned for the second time into a drying mechanism for drying treatment;
seventhly, putting the dried parts into a spraying mechanism for powder spraying treatment, and then carrying out curing treatment;
and step eight, guiding the solidified parts into a cooling mechanism, cooling, and collecting to obtain finished products.
As a further scheme of the invention: the degreasing agent adopted in the degreasing treatment in the first step is a solvent-type degreasing agent.
As a further scheme of the invention: the acid solution used in the acid washing treatment in the second step is a sulfuric acid solution with the volume percentage of 10-20%.
As a further scheme of the invention: the drying temperature of the drying treatment in the sixth step is 100-140 ℃, and the curing temperature of the curing treatment in the seventh step is 200-210 ℃.
As a further scheme of the invention: the powder spraying treatment in the seventh step adopts an electrostatic spray gunSpraying the product surface with electrostatic spray gun distance of 300-350 mm, powder spraying amount of 40-55%, and total gas amount of 4.0-4.2m3/h。
As a further scheme of the invention: the utility model provides an equipment of car metal part surface treatment technology, including the processing technology cabinet, air exit and discharge gate have been seted up to processing technology cabinet one side, the air exit is located the discharge gate top, the inside degreasing mechanism of installing in proper order by keeping away from air exit one side direction and being close to air exit one side of processing technology cabinet, the pickling mechanism, first wiper mechanism, polishing mechanism, the second wiper mechanism, drying mechanism, spraying mechanism and cooling body, and processing technology cabinet top installs moving mechanism and PLC controller, the PLC controller is located the moving mechanism outside, be provided with clamping mechanism on the moving mechanism, the processing technology cabinet is close to air exit one side outside and is provided with the collection dolly.
As a further scheme of the invention: the working method of the equipment comprises the following steps:
s1, clamping the part to be processed on the clamping mechanism, and controlling the moving mechanism to drive the clamping mechanism to move by the PLC;
s2, when the clamping mechanism moves right above the degreasing mechanism, the PLC controller controls the clamping mechanism to drive the part to be processed to move downwards, and the part enters the degreasing mechanism for degreasing;
step S3, after degreasing, when the clamping mechanism moves to a position right above the pickling mechanism, the PLC controls the sealing door to be opened, and controls the clamping mechanism to drive the degreased parts to move downwards to enter the pickling mechanism for pickling treatment;
step S4, after pickling, when the clamping mechanism moves to a position right above the first cleaning mechanism, the PLC controls the clamping mechanism to drive the pickled parts to move downwards to enter the first cleaning mechanism, and meanwhile, the second connecting water pipe is communicated with an external water source to clean the pickled parts for the first time;
step S5, after the first cleaning, when the clamping mechanism moves to a position right above the polishing mechanism, the PLC controls the clamping mechanism to drive the parts after the first cleaning to move downwards, and then the PLC controls the polishing mechanism to polish the parts after the first cleaning;
step S6, after polishing is finished, when the clamping mechanism moves to a position right above the second cleaning mechanism, the PLC controller controls the clamping mechanism to drive the polished part to move downwards, and the polished part enters the second cleaning mechanism to be cleaned for the second time;
step S7, after the second cleaning, when the clamping mechanism moves to a position right above the drying mechanism, the PLC controller controls the clamping mechanism to drive the parts cleaned for the second time to move downwards, and the parts enter the drying mechanism to be dried;
step S8, after drying, when the clamping mechanism moves to a position right above the spraying mechanism, the PLC controls the clamping mechanism to drive the dried parts to move downwards, releases the dried parts in the spraying mechanism, and then performs powder spraying treatment and curing treatment;
and S9, after solidification, the PLC controls a second electric push rod to push the solidified parts to enter a cooling mechanism for cooling, and after cooling, the cooled parts are released and fall into a collecting trolley from a discharge hole for collection to obtain finished products.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the surfaces of the automobile metal parts are subjected to degreasing, pickling, primary cleaning, polishing, secondary cleaning and drying treatment, so that the cleaning and smoothing performances of the surfaces of the whole metal parts are improved, a foundation is further laid for the subsequent powder spraying treatment, the powder is conveniently combined with the metal surfaces, and a coating film formed after solidification is smoother and harder, so that the spraying effect is better, the service life of the whole automobile metal parts is prolonged, and the automobile metal parts are suitable for the requirements of customers.
2. The invention integrates the degreasing, acid washing, first cleaning, polishing, second cleaning, drying, spraying, cooling and other treatment equipment, shortens the distance of the treatment process, simultaneously further improves the treatment efficiency through the control of the PLC controller, reduces the labor intensity of workers through the mechanized control, and ensures that the process steps are further optimized and convenient.
3. According to the invention, the second motor can drive the double-section screw to rotate, so that the movable clamping plates on the two sides are driven to move inwards to clamp the part to be treated, and meanwhile, the third motor can drive the clamping block to rotate, so that the part to be treated is driven to rotate, and the subsequent treatment is more thorough; the fifth motor drives the brush wheel to rotate, further cleaning is carried out, the degreasing speed is increased, the drainage surface in the first cleaning box is an inclined surface, waste water collection is facilitated, meanwhile, the water spray heads are arranged on the two sides, running water is utilized from the two sides, parts after pickling are fully cleaned, and the situation that acid solution is adhered to the surfaces of the parts to influence a subsequent treatment process is avoided; the rubber gasket is fixedly connected to the inner side face of the clamping plate, so that parts are protected, the parts are prevented from being damaged, the polishing disc can be flexibly changed by arranging the spring, the polishing force is adjusted, the polishing effect is changed, the clamping plate is arranged, the stability of the parts in the polishing process is ensured, and the parts are prevented from deflecting in the polishing process to cause uneven polishing; drive through eighth motor and accept the round platform and rotate for place and can be by even spraying at the part of accepting the round platform top, and the static spray gun can the free rotation adjustment angle of dusting, promotes the variety of spraying, the not unidimensional part of spraying.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the whole apparatus for the treatment process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the moving mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a clamping assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the degreasing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the back side of the degreasing mechanism in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of the pickling mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the backside of the pickling section according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first cleaning mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of the first cleaning mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polishing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of a second cleaning mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view of a drying mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view of the cooling mechanism according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a degreasing mechanism; 10. a degreasing box; 11. a fourth motor; 12. a first stirring blade; 13. a cleaning station; 14. brushing the wheel; 15. a fifth motor; 2. a pickling mechanism; 20. a pickling tank; 21. a placement groove; 22. a sealing door; 23. a rotating cylinder; 3. a first cleaning mechanism; 30. a first cleaning tank; 31. a first connecting water pipe; 32. a sprinkler head; 33. a wastewater tank; 34. a second connecting water pipe; 4. a polishing mechanism; 40. a polishing table; 41. moving the plate; 42. a sixth motor; 43. polishing the disc; 44. a fixed table; 45. a first electric push rod; 46. a clamping plate; 5. a second cleaning mechanism; 50. a second cleaning tank; 51. a seventh motor; 52. a second stirring blade; 53. filtering the plate; 6. a drying mechanism; 60. a support table; 61. a drying oven; 62. a hot air blower; 7. a spraying mechanism; 70. a spraying box; 701. a guide port; 71. a fixed base; 72. an eighth motor; 73. an electrostatic spray gun; 74. a second cylinder; 75. heating plates; 76. a second electric push rod; 77. receiving the circular truncated cone; 78. a guide plate; 8. a cooling mechanism; 80. a cooling tank; 801. an inlet; 802. an outlet; 81. rotating the baffle; 82. a cold air pipe; 83. an air cooler; 100. treating the process cabinet; 101. an air outlet; 102. a discharge port; 200. collecting a trolley; 300. a clamping mechanism; 301. a movable seat; 302. a first cylinder; 303. a clamping assembly; 3031. an adjusting seat; 3032. a second motor; 3033. moving the clamping plate; 3034. sealing the protection box; 3035. a clamping block; 3036. a third motor; 400. a moving mechanism; 401. a fixed seat; 402. a guide bar; 403. a first screw; 404. a first motor; 500. a PLC controller.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 15, a surface treatment process for an automobile metal part comprises the following steps:
after a part to be treated is clamped on the clamping mechanism 300, the part to be treated is placed in the degreasing mechanism 1 and immersed in a solvent type degreasing agent for degreasing through regulation and control of the PLC 500, grease and oil on the surface of the part to be treated are removed, the cleanness degree of the surface of the part to be treated is improved, meanwhile, the brush wheel 14 is started to brush the part to be treated, the degreasing speed is accelerated, the fourth motor 11 is started, the degreasing agent is stirred, and the degreasing rate is further improved;
and step two, placing the degreased part into the pickling mechanism 2, immersing the degreased part into a sulfuric acid solution with the volume percentage of 10-20%, starting the third motor 3036 at the same time, driving the degreased part to rotate, performing sufficient pickling treatment, and removing rust and an oxide film on the surface of the degreased part, so that a compact oxide film is generated again after the degreased part is pickled, and the corrosion resistance of the part is improved.
Putting the pickled parts into the first cleaning mechanism 3, connecting an external water source, fully cleaning the parts from two sides by using running water to remove the acid solution remained on the surfaces of the parts, and collecting waste liquid through a waste water tank 33 to avoid pollution;
step four, after the first cleaning is finished, fixing the part after the first cleaning on a polishing mechanism 4, performing polishing treatment, starting a third motor 3036 after one surface is finished, rotating the other surface to perform polishing until the polishing is finished, forming a polishing layer on the surface of the part, laying a foundation for subsequent powder spraying treatment, improving the surface smoothness of the part, further improving the spraying effect, and simultaneously polishing abrasive paper with the particle size of 800-1500 meshes;
putting the polished parts into a second cleaning mechanism 5, starting a third motor 3036 to drive the polished parts to rotate, starting a seventh motor 51 simultaneously, stirring cleaning liquid, carrying out sufficient second cleaning, removing metal impurities generated by polishing, and filtering the impurities through a filter plate 53 to avoid equipment blockage;
sixthly, placing the parts cleaned for the second time into a drying mechanism 6, starting an air heater 62, blowing hot air, controlling the temperature to be 140 ℃ plus 100 ℃, drying the parts cleaned for the second time, avoiding the influence of water stain on powder spraying, and improving the powder spraying efficiency;
placing the dried part on a bearing circular table 77 in the spraying mechanism 7, starting an eighth motor 72 to drive the dried part to rotate at a constant speed, spraying the surface of the product through an electrostatic spray gun 73, after powder spraying, starting a second air cylinder 74, adjusting the position of a heating plate 75, and curing, wherein the curing temperature is controlled at 210 ℃ for enabling the powder sprayed part to obtain a powder coating with a certain thickness, and then heating to melt, level and cure the powder, namely forming a hard coating film on the surface of the part, so as to improve the wear resistance of the part;
and step eight, starting the second electric push rod 76, pushing the solidified parts into the cooling mechanism 8, starting the air cooler 83 for cooling treatment, facilitating collection, opening the rotary baffle 81 after the parts are cooled, and collecting the cooled parts to obtain finished products.
The degreasing agent adopted in the degreasing treatment in the first step is a solvent-type degreasing agent.
The acid solution used in the acid washing treatment in the second step is a sulfuric acid solution with the volume percentage of 10-20%.
The drying temperature of the drying treatment in the sixth step is 100-140 ℃, and the curing temperature of the curing treatment in the seventh step is 200-210 ℃.
In the seventh step, electrostatic spray gun 73 is adopted for spraying the surface of the product, the gun distance of the electrostatic spray gun 73 is 300-350 mm, the powder spraying amount is 40-55%, and the total gas amount is 4.0-4.2m3/h。
An equipment of surface treatment process of automobile metal parts comprises a treatment process cabinet 100, wherein one side of the treatment process cabinet 100 is provided with an air outlet 101 and a discharge port 102, the air outlet 101 is positioned above the discharge port 102, the air outlet 101 is convenient for air exhaust of a subsequent air cooler 83, the bottom surface of the discharge port 102 is an inclined surface which inclines downwards and is convenient for discharging finished products, a degreasing mechanism 1, an acid cleaning mechanism 2, a first cleaning mechanism 3, a polishing mechanism 4, a second cleaning mechanism 5, a drying mechanism 6, a spraying mechanism 7 and a cooling mechanism 8 are sequentially arranged in the treatment process cabinet 100 from one side far away from the air outlet 101 to one side close to the air outlet 101, and the top of the treatment process cabinet 100 is provided with a moving mechanism 400 and a PLC controller 500, the PLC controller 500 is positioned outside the moving mechanism 400, the operation is convenient, the moving mechanism 400 is provided with a clamping mechanism 300, and the outside of one side of the treatment process cabinet 100 close to the air outlet 101 is provided with a collecting trolley 200.
The moving mechanism 400 includes two fixing seats 401, the two fixing seats 401 are symmetrically distributed about the longitudinal center line of the processing cabinet 100, and the two fixing seats 401 are both fixedly arranged on the top surface of the treatment process cabinet 100, a first screw 403 and two guide rods 402 are rotatably arranged between the two fixing seats 401, the guide rods 402 play a role in guiding and stabilizing, so that in the moving process of the moving seat 301, the first screw 403 is located between the two guide rods 402, one end of the first screw 403 penetrates the same side of the fixed base 401 and is fixedly connected with a first motor 404, the first motor 404 is fixedly installed on the side surface of the fixed base 401, the first screw 403 is connected with the movable base 301 by matching with the two guide rods 402, and the movable base 301 is in threaded connection with the first screw 403, the first motor 404 drives the first screw 403 to rotate, so that the position of the movable base 301 can be flexibly adjusted, and each step of processing on the part is facilitated.
The clamping mechanism 300 comprises a moving seat 301, a first air cylinder 302 is fixedly mounted on the top surface inside the moving seat 301, a piston rod of the first air cylinder 302 is fixedly connected with a clamping assembly 303, sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides inside the moving seat 301, the clamping assembly 303 is slidably mounted in the sliding grooves, the first air cylinder 302 can flexibly drive the clamping assembly 303 to move up and down, and the reasonable position of part processing is guaranteed;
the clamping assembly 303 comprises an adjusting seat 3031, the top of the adjusting seat 3031 is fixedly connected to a piston rod of the first cylinder 302, sliding tables are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the adjusting seat 3031 and used for sliding the adjusting seat 3031 up and down, the adjusting seat 3031 is slidably mounted in the sliding grooves through the sliding tables, an adjusting cavity is formed in the adjusting seat 3031, a moving groove is formed in the bottom of the adjusting seat 3031 and used for ensuring the movement of the movable clamp plate 3033, a double-section screw rod is rotatably mounted in the adjusting cavity, opposite-turning threads are formed at two ends of the double-section screw rod so that the movable clamp plates 3033 on two sides can move oppositely and clamp the part to be treated, a first bevel gear is fixedly mounted on one side of the double-section screw rod, the movable clamp plates 3033 are symmetrically and threadedly connected at two ends of the double-section screw rod, the movable clamp plate 3033 penetrates through the moving groove, a sealing protection box 3034 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the movable clamp plate 3033, a third motor 3036 is mounted in the sealing protection box 3034, and the work of the third motor 3036 is prevented from being influenced by the sealing protection box 3034, an output shaft of the third motor 3036 penetrates through the movable clamp plate 3033 and is fixedly connected with a clamping block 3035, the top of one side of the adjusting seat 3031 close to the first bevel gear is provided with a second motor 3032, an output shaft of the second motor 3032 penetrates through the adjusting seat 3031 and is connected with a second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is in meshing connection with the first bevel gear; the second motor 3032 can drive the two-section screw to rotate, further drive the movable clamping plates 3033 on the two sides to move inwards to clamp the part to be treated, and meanwhile, the third motor 3036 can drive the clamping block 3035 to rotate, so that the part to be treated is driven to rotate, and subsequent treatment is more thorough.
The degreasing mechanism 1 comprises a degreasing box 10, the degreasing box 10 is fixedly arranged on one side, far away from an air outlet 101, inside a treatment process cabinet 100, the bottom of the degreasing box 10 is fixedly provided with a fourth motor 11, an output shaft of the fourth motor 11 penetrates through a bottom plate of the degreasing box 10 and is fixedly connected with a first stirring blade 12, so that a degreasing agent can be stirred conveniently, the degreasing rate is improved, cleaning tables 13 are symmetrically arranged on two sides inside the degreasing box 10, empty-avoiding grooves are formed in the inner side surfaces of the two cleaning tables 13, three brush wheels 14 are rotatably arranged in the two empty-avoiding grooves, the three brush wheels 14 on the same side are distributed in an up-down linear mode, bristles are arranged outside the six brush wheels 14, the surfaces of parts to be treated are further cleaned conveniently, the degreasing efficiency is improved, the subsequent treatment is also convenient, rear side ends of the six brush wheels 14 penetrate through the degreasing box 10 and are fixedly connected with transmission gears on the same side, the three transmission gears on the same side are mutually meshed and connected, and the other ends of the transmission gears at the bottoms on two sides are fixedly connected with a fifth motor 15, two equal fixed mounting of fifth motor 15 drive brush wheel 14 through fifth motor 15 and rotate on the first backup pad that degrease case 10 back set up, further clear up, promote the degrease speed.
The polishing mechanism 4 comprises a polishing table 40, an assembly groove is formed in the middle of the top of the polishing table 40, three springs are arranged at the bottom of the assembly groove, the three springs are horizontally arranged, the tops of the three springs are fixedly connected with a movable plate 41 in a matched mode, a sixth motor 42 is fixedly installed at the top of the movable plate 41, an output shaft of the sixth motor 42 is fixedly connected with a polishing disc 43, the top of the polishing disc 43 is connected with polishing abrasive paper, fixed tables 44 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the top surface of the polishing table 40, a first electric push rod 45 is fixedly installed at the top of each fixed table 44, a push rod of the first electric push rod 45 penetrates through the fixed tables 44 and is fixedly connected with a clamping plate 46 inwards, a rubber gasket is fixedly connected to the inner side face of each clamping plate 46, parts are protected and are prevented from being damaged, the polishing disc 43 can be flexibly changed by arranging the springs, polishing force is adjusted, the polishing effect is changed, and the clamping plates 46 are arranged, the stability of parts in the polishing process is guaranteed, and the parts are prevented from deflecting in the polishing process to cause uneven polishing.
The spraying mechanism 7 comprises a spraying box 70, a fixed base 71 is arranged at the bottom end inside the spraying box 70, an eighth motor 72 is arranged in the middle of the top of the fixed base 71, an output shaft of the eighth motor 72 is fixedly connected with a rotating support rod, the other end of the rotating support rod is fixedly connected with a bearing round table 77, the bearing round table 77 is driven to rotate by the eighth motor 72, so that parts placed at the top of the bearing round table 77 can be uniformly sprayed, a second support plate is arranged on one side of the middle section inside the spraying box 70, a second electric push rod 76 is fixedly arranged at the top of the second support plate, a push plate is fixedly arranged on the push rod of the second electric push rod 76, a guide port 701 is formed in the other side of the middle section inside the spraying box 70, a guide plate 78 is fixedly arranged in the guide port 701, the guide plate 78 is obliquely and downwards arranged, a backing plate is arranged at the top end inside the spraying box 70, which is close to the second electric push rod 76, and an electrostatic spray gun 73 is rotatably arranged on the backing plate, and the electrostatic spray gun 73 can rotate freely to adjust the powder spraying angle, the spraying diversity is improved, parts with different sizes are sprayed, a mounting boss is arranged on one side, close to the guide plate 78, of the top end inside the spraying box 70, a second air cylinder 74 is fixedly mounted on the lower end face of the mounting boss, a piston rod of the second air cylinder 74 is fixedly connected with a heating plate 75, a heating resistance wire is mounted inside the heating plate 75, and the sprayed parts are solidified through electric heating.
Cooling body 8 includes cooler bin 80, entry 801 has been seted up to cooler bin 80 top one side, export 802 has been seted up to cooler bin 80 bottom one side, entry 801 and export 802 are located different sides, entry 801 offside just is located and installs air-cooler 83 on cooler bin 80, cold air duct 82 is installed to the cold wind mouth of air-cooler 83, the cold air duct 82 other end extends into inside cooler bin 80, the air-cooler 83 thermovent corresponds with air exit 101, rotatory baffle 81 is installed in the rotation of export 802 top, rotatory baffle 81 inboard one end fixed connection is on the output shaft of ninth motor, ninth motor fixed mounting is at the cooler bin 80 back, export 802 bottom surface is the decurrent inclined plane of slope, the part release after the cooling that will be in a flexible way through rotatory baffle 81, and slide to collecting trolley 200 in the export 802 bottom surface.
The PLC controller 500 is electrically connected to the fourth motor 11, the fifth motor 15, the rotary cylinder 23, the sixth motor 42, the first electric push rod 45, the seventh motor 51, the hot air blower 62, the eighth motor 72, the electrostatic spray gun 73, the second cylinder 74, the heating resistance wire, the second electric push rod 76, the air cooler 83, the first cylinder 302, the second motor 3032, the third motor 3036, and the first motor 404.
The working method of the equipment comprises the following steps:
step S1, placing the part to be processed between two movable clamping plates 3033, starting a second motor 3032 by the PLC 500 to drive a second bevel gear to rotate, driving a first bevel gear and a double-section screw to rotate, driving the two movable clamping plates 3033 to move by the double-section screw to clamp the part to be processed, starting a first motor 404 by the PLC 500 to drive a first screw 403 to rotate, and driving a clamping mechanism 300 to move by the first screw 403;
step S2, when the clamping mechanism 300 clamps the part to be processed and moves to a position right above the degreasing mechanism 1, the PLC 500 starts the fourth motor 11 to drive the first stirring blade 12 to stir the degreasing agent, and simultaneously starts the fifth motor 15 to drive the six brush wheels 14 to rotate, and then the PLC 500 starts the first cylinder 302 to drive the part to be processed to enter the degreasing box 10, and when the part to be processed is soaked in the degreasing agent, the surface is cleaned through the brush wheels 14, so that the degreasing speed is further increased, and the efficiency of the whole processing technology is improved.
Step S3, after the degreasing, when the clamping mechanism 300 clamps the degreased parts and moves to a position right above the pickling mechanism 2, the PLC controller 500 starts the rotary cylinder 23 to drive the sealing door 22 to open inwards, then the PLC controller 500 starts the first cylinder 302 to drive the degreased parts to enter the pickling tank 20 for soaking and pickling, and at the same time, the PLC controller 500 starts the third motor 3036 to drive the degreased parts to rotate to remove the rust and the previous oxide layer.
Step S4, after pickling, when the clamping mechanism 300 clamps the pickled parts and moves to a position right above the first cleaning mechanism 3, the PLC 500 starts the first air cylinder 302 to drive the pickled parts to enter the first cleaning box 30, meanwhile, the two valves are opened to connect the two second connecting water pipes 34 with an external water source, the pickled parts are fully cleaned for the first time through the two-side water spray heads 32, and waste liquid flows into the waste water box 33 to be collected and reprocessed.
Step S5, after the first cleaning is finished, when the clamping mechanism 300 clamps the part after the first cleaning and moves to a position right above the polishing mechanism 4, the PLC controller 500 starts the first cylinder 302 to drive the part to move to the top of the polishing disk 43 and press down for a preset distance, then the PLC controller 500 starts the first electric push rod 45 to push the clamping plate 46 to clamp the part, then the second motor 3032 is started to release the part, the sixth motor 42 is started to drive the polishing disk 43 to rotate to polish the part, after the one-side polishing is finished, the first cylinder 302 is started to drive the clamping assembly 303 to continuously clamp the part, and simultaneously the third motor 3036 is started to drive the part to turn, the polishing operation is repeated, and the polishing is continued until the side polishing is finished.
Step S6, after the polishing is finished, when the clamping mechanism 300 clamps the polished part and moves to a position right above the second cleaning mechanism 5, the PLC controller 500 starts the first cylinder 302 to drive the polished part to move down and enter the second cleaning mechanism 5, and at the same time, the PLC controller 500 starts the seventh motor 51 to drive the second stirring blade 52 to stir the cleaning solution, and starts the third motor 3036 to drive the part to rotate at a constant speed to perform the second cleaning treatment.
Step S7, after the second cleaning, when the clamping mechanism 300 clamps the parts after the second cleaning and moves to the position right above the drying mechanism 6, the PLC controller 500 starts the first cylinder 302 to drive the parts after the second cleaning to move downwards, enter the drying box 61, and starts the hot air blower 62 to blow air to the parts for drying.
Step S8, after the drying is finished, when the clamping mechanism 300 clamps the dried part and moves to a position right above the spraying mechanism 7, the PLC 500 starts the first air cylinder 302 to drive the dried part to move downwards, meanwhile, the second motor 3032 is started to release the part, the eighth motor 72 is started to drive the bearing circular truncated cone 77 to rotate, the position of the electrostatic spray gun 73 is adjusted, the electrostatic spray gun 73 is started to start spraying, after the spraying is finished, the PLC 500 starts the second air cylinder 74 to adjust the position of the heating plate 75, the power supply of the heating resistance wire is switched on, and the part after powder spraying is solidified.
Step S9, after the solidification is finished, the PLC 500 starts the second electric push rod 76 to push the solidified parts to enter the cooling box 80, the PLC 500 opens the air cooler 83 to cool, after the cooling, the PLC 500 starts the ninth motor to drive the rotating baffle 81 to rotate, the cooled parts are released, and fall into the collecting trolley 200 from the discharge port 102 to be collected, and finished products are obtained.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The surface treatment process for the automobile metal part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
clamping a part to be treated, and then putting the part into a degreasing mechanism (1) for degreasing;
secondly, placing the degreased parts into an acid washing mechanism (2) for acid washing treatment;
thirdly, placing the parts after the pickling into a first cleaning mechanism (3) for first cleaning;
polishing the surface of the part cleaned for the first time by using a polishing mechanism (4);
fifthly, putting the polished part into a second cleaning mechanism (5) for secondary cleaning;
sixthly, putting the parts cleaned for the second time into a drying mechanism (6) for drying treatment;
seventhly, putting the dried parts into a spraying mechanism (7) for powder spraying treatment, and then carrying out curing treatment;
and step eight, guiding the solidified parts into a cooling mechanism (8), cooling, and collecting to obtain finished products.
2. The surface treatment process for automobile metal parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degreasing agent used in the degreasing treatment in the first step is a solvent-based degreasing agent.
3. The surface treatment process for automobile metal parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acid solution used in the acid washing treatment in the second step is a sulfuric acid solution with a volume percentage of 10-20%.
4. The surface treatment process for automobile metal parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying temperature of the drying treatment in the sixth step is 140 ℃ and the curing temperature of the curing treatment in the seventh step is 200 ℃ to 210 ℃.
5. The surface treatment process for automobile metal parts according to claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, the powder spraying treatment is carried out on the surface of the product by using an electrostatic spray gun (73), the gun distance of the electrostatic spray gun (73) is 300mm-350mm, the powder spraying amount is 40-55%, and the total gas amount is 4.0-4.2m3/h。
6. The equipment for the surface treatment process of the automobile metal parts comprises a treatment process cabinet (100), it is characterized in that one side of a treatment process cabinet (100) is provided with an air outlet (101) and a discharge hole (102), the air outlet (101) is positioned above the discharge hole (102), a degreasing mechanism (1), an acid cleaning mechanism (2), a first cleaning mechanism (3), a polishing mechanism (4), a second cleaning mechanism (5), a drying mechanism (6), a spraying mechanism (7) and a cooling mechanism (8) are sequentially arranged in the treatment process cabinet (100) from one side far away from the air outlet (101) to one side close to the air outlet (101), and a moving mechanism (400) and a PLC (programmable logic controller) (500) are installed at the top of the treatment process cabinet (100), the PLC (500) is located on the outer side of the moving mechanism (400), a clamping mechanism (300) is arranged on the moving mechanism (400), and a collecting trolley (200) is arranged on the outer portion of one side, close to the air outlet (101), of the treatment process cabinet (100).
7. The apparatus for the surface treatment process of metal parts of automobiles according to claim 6, wherein the working method of the apparatus comprises the steps of:
s1, clamping the part to be processed on the clamping mechanism (300), and controlling the moving mechanism (400) to drive the clamping mechanism (300) to move by the PLC (500);
s2, when the clamping mechanism (300) moves right above the degreasing mechanism (1), the PLC (500) controls the clamping mechanism (300) to drive the part to be processed to move downwards, and the part enters the degreasing mechanism (1) for degreasing;
step S3, after degreasing, when the clamping mechanism (300) moves to a position right above the pickling mechanism (2), the PLC controller (500) controls the sealing door (22) to be opened, and the PLC controller (500) controls the clamping mechanism (300) to drive the degreased part to move downwards to enter the pickling mechanism (2) for pickling treatment;
s4, after pickling, when the clamping mechanism (300) moves to a position right above the first cleaning mechanism (3), the PLC (500) controls the clamping mechanism (300) to drive the pickled parts to move downwards to enter the first cleaning mechanism (3), and meanwhile, the second connecting water pipe (34) is communicated with an external water source to clean the pickled parts for the first time;
step S5, after the first cleaning, when the clamping mechanism (300) moves to a position right above the polishing mechanism (4), the PLC controller (500) controls the clamping mechanism (300) to drive the parts after the first cleaning to move downwards, and then the PLC controller (500) controls the polishing mechanism (4) to polish the parts after the first cleaning;
step S6, after polishing is finished, when the clamping mechanism (300) moves to a position right above the second cleaning mechanism (5), the PLC (500) controls the clamping mechanism (300) to drive the polished part to move downwards, and the polished part enters the second cleaning mechanism (5) to be cleaned for the second time;
step S7, after the second cleaning, when the clamping mechanism (300) moves to a position right above the drying mechanism (6), the PLC controller (500) controls the clamping mechanism (300) to drive the parts cleaned for the second time to move downwards, and the parts enter the drying mechanism (6) to be dried;
step S8, after drying, when the clamping mechanism (300) moves to a position right above the spraying mechanism (7), the PLC controller (500) controls the clamping mechanism (300) to drive the dried part to move downwards, releases the dried part in the spraying mechanism (7), and then performs powder spraying treatment and curing treatment;
and S9, after solidification, the PLC (500) controls a second electric push rod (76) to push the solidified parts to enter a cooling mechanism (8) for cooling, and after cooling, the cooled parts are released and fall into a collection trolley (200) from a discharge port (102) for collection to obtain finished products.
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| CN202110836639.3A CN113560145B (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Surface treatment process and equipment for automobile metal parts |
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| CN202110836639.3A CN113560145B (en) | 2021-07-23 | 2021-07-23 | Surface treatment process and equipment for automobile metal parts |
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| CN116251714A (en) * | 2023-01-12 | 2023-06-13 | 保定立中东安轻合金部件制造有限公司 | Intelligent wire suitable for aluminum alloy wheel pretreatment |
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Denomination of invention: A Surface Treatment Process and Equipment for Automotive Metal Parts Effective date of registration: 20231228 Granted publication date: 20230106 Pledgee: Shucheng Anhui rural commercial bank Limited by Share Ltd. Pledgor: ANHUI YUMWAY AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980075519 |
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