CN113559353B - Intelligent blood product infusion auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation - Google Patents
Intelligent blood product infusion auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113559353B CN113559353B CN202110808999.2A CN202110808999A CN113559353B CN 113559353 B CN113559353 B CN 113559353B CN 202110808999 A CN202110808999 A CN 202110808999A CN 113559353 B CN113559353 B CN 113559353B
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- transfusion bag
- platelet aggregation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
- A61M5/145—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
- A61M5/148—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons flexible, e.g. independent bags
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
- A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
- A61M5/145—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
- A61M5/148—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons flexible, e.g. independent bags
- A61M5/152—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons flexible, e.g. independent bags pressurised by contraction of elastic reservoirs
Abstract
The invention discloses a blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation, which comprises: the device comprises a base plate, a negative pressure contraction assembly, a negative pressure source, a valve bank and a control module; when the blood transfusion bag is in work, the blood transfusion bag is hung on the hook of the base plate, the negative pressure contraction assembly is arranged on the base plate, and the blood transfusion bag is extruded towards the direction of the base plate when the negative pressure contraction assembly contracts under the action of negative pressure; then the control module controls the negative pressure source to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure contraction assembly, and the control valve group enables the negative pressure contraction assembly to be repeatedly switched between a negative pressure state and an atmospheric pressure state, so that the negative pressure contraction assembly repeatedly extrudes the blood transfusion bag, and the oscillation of blood products in the blood transfusion bag is realized. Therefore, the invention not only can effectively avoid platelet aggregation in the process of platelet infusion, but also realizes blood product oscillation based on negative pressure driving, so that the product is more miniaturized, and is convenient for clinical popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical engineering, in particular to an intelligent auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation in blood product infusion.
Background
Platelet transfusion as part of apheresis, platelets are stored in a blood bank by shaking or freezing due to their characteristic of being easily aggregated, which requires an ambient temperature of 22 ± 2 ℃ for shaking storage, and a platelet shaker shaking the platelets at a frequency of 60 times/min. After the platelets are discharged from the warehouse, conditions such as temperature and oscillation mode are changed to prevent platelet aggregation and ensure the effectiveness of platelet infusion, so that not only is the infusion time reduced as much as possible, but also medical staff are required to strictly nurse and frequently observe the appearance of the platelets, and once the platelets aggregate, the medical staff is required to gently shake the platelet bag to perform manual oscillation.
However, it is difficult to ensure a stable vibration frequency and amplitude by the manual oscillation method, and uneven vibration of platelets is likely to occur, increasing the risk of platelet aggregation. Moreover, in clinical practice, since the specifications of platelets stored in blood banks are uniform, the amount of platelets to be infused needs to be managed for different patients, and particularly, the infusion time is longer for patients such as infants and children.
Therefore, there is a need to design an intelligent and assisted protocol for platelet infusion that avoids platelet aggregation during platelet infusion.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-described deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to: the intelligent auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation for blood product transfusion is provided, and can effectively avoid platelet aggregation in the platelet transfusion process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an intelligent blood product infusion assist system for preventing platelet aggregation, comprising:
the base plate is provided with a hook for hanging the blood transfusion bag;
the negative pressure contraction assembly is arranged on the base plate and can extrude the blood transfusion bag towards the direction of the base plate when contracting under the action of negative pressure;
a negative pressure source for providing negative pressure to the negative pressure retraction assembly;
the valve bank is used for realizing the switching between the negative pressure state and the atmospheric pressure state of the negative pressure contraction assembly;
and the control module is used for outputting a negative pressure control signal to control the negative pressure provided by the negative pressure source and outputting a gas circuit control signal to control the valve group to repeatedly switch the negative pressure contraction assembly between a negative pressure state and an atmospheric pressure state, so that the negative pressure contraction assembly repeatedly extrudes the blood transfusion bag, and the oscillation of blood products in the blood transfusion bag is realized.
According to a specific embodiment, in the platelet aggregation prevention blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system, the negative pressure contraction assembly comprises a plurality of negative pressure contraction parts, and the negative pressure contraction parts are sequentially and transversely arranged on the lower half part of the base plate; and the negative pressure source comprises a plurality of miniature negative pressure pumps, the valve group comprises a plurality of three-way valves, and each negative pressure contraction component is respectively provided with negative pressure by one miniature negative pressure pump and realizes the switching between the negative pressure state and the atmospheric pressure state by one three-way valve.
According to a specific embodiment, in the platelet aggregation prevention blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system, the negative pressure contraction member comprises a plurality of air chamber units arranged along the contraction direction; the odd columns are provided with N air chamber units, the even columns are provided with N-1 or N +1 air chamber units, and the air chamber units are symmetrically distributed along the central line; and an air flow channel is arranged between two adjacent air chambers in the contraction direction, the air chamber units positioned in the first row or the tail row are communicated with the air inlet holes, and the air inlet holes are connected to the corresponding three-way valves through air paths.
Further, the air chamber walls in the air chamber unit have a difference in thickness, wherein the thickness of the air chamber wall that can be deformed in the contraction direction by the negative pressure is small. Further, the inside of the air cell unit is rectangular or hexagonal.
According to a specific embodiment, in the platelet aggregation prevention blood product infusion intelligent auxiliary system, the control module is configured to output a negative pressure control signal to each of the micro negative pressure pumps to enable each of the micro negative pressure pumps to provide a stable negative pressure and sequentially output an air channel control signal to each of the three-way valves in the process of switching the negative pressure contraction assembly to the negative pressure state, so that the negative pressure contraction members are switched to the negative pressure state one by one to enable the negative pressure contraction members to squeeze the blood infusion bag one by one from the bottom to the top, and output a negative pressure control signal to each of the micro negative pressure pumps to enable the negative pressures provided by the micro negative pressure pumps to be reduced to a set level in the process of switching the negative pressure contraction assembly to the atmospheric pressure state, and output an air channel control signal to the corresponding three-way valve to enable the corresponding negative pressure contraction member to be switched to the atmospheric pressure state after the negative pressures provided by the micro negative pressure pumps are reduced to the set level.
According to a specific embodiment, in the platelet aggregation prevention blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system, the control module is used for controlling the process of switching the negative pressure contraction assembly from the atmospheric pressure state to the negative pressure state and from the negative pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state according to a preset oscillation frequency.
According to a specific embodiment, in the platelet aggregation prevention blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system, the hook is connected with a weighing sensor for detecting the weight of the infusion bag; and the control module matches the form information corresponding to the blood transfusion bag according to the weight of the transfusion bag, determines the gravity center position of the blood transfusion bag according to the form information, and switches the negative pressure contraction component with the working range higher than the gravity center position to the atmospheric pressure.
According to a specific embodiment, in the platelet aggregation prevention blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system, a plurality of semiconductor refrigerators are embedded on the base plate, wherein the cold ends of the semiconductor refrigerators are used for cooling the transfusion bag.
Furthermore, a heat dissipation channel is installed on the back surface of the substrate to dissipate heat of the hot end of the semiconductor refrigerator; and, the control module, the valves and the negative pressure pump are all arranged on a PCB board, and the PCB board is installed on the heat dissipation channel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the intelligent auxiliary blood product transfusion system for preventing platelet aggregation works, a blood transfusion bag is hung on a hook of a base plate, a negative pressure contraction component is arranged on the base plate, and the blood transfusion bag is extruded towards the direction of the base plate when the negative pressure contraction component contracts under the action of negative pressure; then the control module controls the negative pressure source to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure contraction assembly, and the control valve group enables the negative pressure contraction assembly to be repeatedly switched between a negative pressure state and an atmospheric pressure state, so that the negative pressure contraction assembly repeatedly extrudes the blood transfusion bag, and the oscillation of blood products in the blood transfusion bag is realized. Therefore, the invention not only can effectively avoid platelet aggregation in the platelet infusion process, but also realizes blood product oscillation based on negative pressure driving, so that the product is more miniaturized, and is convenient for clinical popularization and application.
2. In the intelligent auxiliary blood product infusion system for preventing platelet aggregation, the negative pressure contraction component is composed of a plurality of negative pressure contraction parts, and the negative pressure contraction parts are sequentially and transversely arranged at the lower half part of the substrate; meanwhile, each negative pressure contraction component is respectively provided with negative pressure by a micro negative pressure pump and realizes the switching between the negative pressure state and the atmospheric pressure state by a three-way valve. Based on the mode, the negative pressure contraction components work independently, so that the oscillation of blood products in the transfusion bag in a suspended state can be realized better, and meanwhile, the miniature negative pressure pump with smaller power is adopted, so that the miniaturization design of products is facilitated.
3. In the intelligent auxiliary system for blood product infusion for preventing platelet aggregation, the negative pressure contraction component consists of a plurality of air chamber units arranged along the contraction direction; and the odd-numbered rows are provided with N air chamber units, the even-numbered rows are provided with N-1 or N +1 air chamber units, the air chamber units are symmetrically distributed along the central line, meanwhile, the air chamber walls in the air chamber units have thickness difference, and the thickness of the air chamber walls capable of deforming along the contraction direction under the action of negative pressure is smaller. Based on the mode, the negative pressure contraction component has good linear contraction performance, and is convenient for realizing accurate contraction control through negative pressure.
4. In the platelet aggregation prevention blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system, the control module controls each negative pressure contraction component to extrude blood transfusion bags one by one from bottom to top in the process of switching the negative pressure contraction component to the negative pressure state, and controls the corresponding three-way valve to switch the corresponding negative pressure contraction component to the atmospheric pressure state after controlling the negative pressure of each negative pressure contraction component to be reduced to a set degree in the process of switching the negative pressure contraction component to the atmospheric pressure state. Therefore, by asynchronously controlling each negative pressure contraction component, the invention not only can avoid the conflict of extrusion action when the negative pressure contraction component extrudes the blood transfusion bag and weaken the oscillation effect, but also can reduce the influence of the negative pressure contraction component on the transfusion speed when the blood transfusion bag is released.
5. In the intelligent auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation for blood product infusion, the shape of the vertically suspended blood transfusion bag changes along with the change of the volume when the blood product is infused; be connected with weighing sensor through the couple, detect infusion bag's weight to through control module according to infusion bag's weight, match the morphological information that the blood transfusion bag corresponds, and according to morphological information, confirm the barycentric position of blood transfusion bag, and then switch the negative pressure shrink part that the extrusion scope is higher than this barycentric position to atmospheric pressure. By the mode, the negative pressure contraction component which does not contribute to blood product oscillation can be closed when the blood product is infused, and therefore electric energy consumption is reduced.
6. In the intelligent blood product transfusion auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation, a plurality of semiconductor refrigerators are embedded on the substrate, and the cold ends of the semiconductor refrigerators are used for cooling the blood transfusion bag, so that the influence of the external environment temperature on the blood product is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the intelligent blood product infusion assistance system for preventing platelet aggregation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a backside structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a negative pressure constricting element of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the electrical control connections of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a statistical chart of oscillation test data of control programs I, II, III in the control module of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a data statistics diagram of the oscillation test of the control programs I, II, III, IV in the control module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the intelligent auxiliary system for blood product transfusion for preventing platelet aggregation of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a base plate 1, a negative pressure contraction assembly 2, a negative pressure source 3, a valve group 4 and a control module.
Wherein, the base plate 1 is provided with a hook 101 for hanging the blood transfusion bag 5; the negative pressure contraction assembly 2 is arranged on the front surface of the substrate 1, and when the negative pressure contraction assembly 2 contracts under the action of negative pressure, the blood transfusion bag 5 is extruded towards the substrate 1. A negative pressure source 3, a valve group 4 and a control module (not shown) are arranged on the back surface of the base plate 1, and the negative pressure source 3 is used for providing negative pressure for the negative pressure contraction assembly 2; the valve set 4 is used for switching the negative pressure state and the atmospheric pressure state of the negative pressure contraction component 2.
The control module controls the negative pressure provided by the negative pressure source 3 by outputting a negative pressure control signal, and controls the valve group 4 to repeatedly switch the negative pressure contraction component 2 between a negative pressure state and an atmospheric pressure state by outputting an air path control signal, so that the negative pressure contraction component 2 repeatedly extrudes the blood transfusion bag 5, and the oscillation of blood products in the blood transfusion bag 5 is realized.
Specifically, the negative pressure contraction component 2 is arranged on the base plate 1 in a mode that one end of the negative pressure contraction component is fixedly connected, and the other end of the negative pressure contraction component is detachably connected, wherein the negative pressure contraction component 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the base plate 1 and is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet of the negative pressure contraction component 2 is connected with a valve group 4 and a negative pressure source 3 which are arranged on the back surface of the base plate 1 through an air path; and the negative pressure contraction component 2 is detachably connected to one end of the substrate 1 by adopting a quick connection structure to realize detachable connection. When the negative pressure contraction assembly is implemented, the transverse length of the negative pressure contraction assembly in the atmospheric pressure state meets the requirement of the maximum perimeter of the blood transfusion bag, so that the negative pressure contraction assembly cannot extrude the blood transfusion bag in the atmospheric pressure state.
When the blood transfusion bag is used, the blood transfusion bag is hung on the hook of the base plate, and then one end of the negative pressure contraction assembly which is detachably connected is connected to the base plate. Then, the control module arranged on the back of the substrate 1 controls the negative pressure source to provide negative pressure for the negative pressure contraction assembly, and the control valve group enables the negative pressure contraction assembly to be repeatedly switched between a negative pressure state and an atmospheric pressure state, so that the negative pressure contraction assembly repeatedly extrudes the blood transfusion bag. Because the blood transfusion bag receives the extrusion of negative pressure shrink subassembly, the liquid level and the distribution condition of blood products in the blood transfusion bag change, and when negative pressure shrink subassembly switched to atmospheric pressure, the blood transfusion bag will not receive the extrusion, and the liquid level and the distribution condition of blood products in the blood transfusion bag will resume to the suspended state again, so, just realized the oscillation to blood products in the blood transfusion bag.
Therefore, the invention not only can effectively avoid platelet aggregation in the platelet infusion process, but also realizes blood product oscillation based on negative pressure driving, so that the product is more miniaturized and is convenient for clinical popularization and application.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation according to the present invention, the negative pressure contraction component 2 is composed of three negative pressure contraction parts 200, and three negative pressure contraction parts 201 are sequentially and transversely disposed on the lower half portion of the base plate 1; the negative pressure source 3 is composed of three micro negative pressure pumps 300, and the valve block 4 is composed of three-way valves 400. Wherein, each negative pressure contracting component 200 is respectively provided with negative pressure by a micro negative pressure pump 300 and realizes the switching between the negative pressure state and the atmospheric pressure state by a three-way valve 400. Specifically, the suction port of the micro negative pressure pump 300 is communicated with the port a of the three-way valve 400, the port b of the three-way valve 400 is communicated with one negative pressure contraction component 200, and the port c of the three-way valve 400 is directly communicated with air; in the negative pressure state, the port a of the three-way valve 400 is open to the port b, and in the atmospheric pressure state, the port a of the three-way valve 400 is open to the port c. Based on the mode, the negative pressure contraction components work independently, so that the oscillation of blood products in the blood transfusion bag in a suspended state can be realized better, and meanwhile, the miniature negative pressure pump with smaller power is adopted, so that the miniaturization design of products is facilitated.
Meanwhile, the control module 6, the three-way valve 400 constituting the valve bank 4 and the micro negative pressure pump 300 constituting the negative pressure source 3 are all arranged on the PCB board 7; in addition, still be provided with power supply battery 8 on the base plate 1, power supply battery 8 passes through the power interface connection on the PCB board 7, and power interface realizes supplying power with control module, miniature negative pressure pump through the metallic interconnect line on the PCB board 7.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of semiconductor refrigerators 102 are embedded on the base plate 1, wherein the cold ends of the semiconductor refrigerators 102 are used for cooling the transfusion bag, so as to reduce the influence of the external environment temperature on the blood product. Meanwhile, a heat dissipation channel 9 is installed on the back surface of the substrate 1 to dissipate heat of the hot end of the semiconductor cooler 102 disposed on the substrate 1; moreover, the PCB board 7 is mounted on the heat dissipation channel 9; specifically, the semiconductor refrigerator 102 takes direct current through the power supply battery 8.
In practice, when platelets are stored in a blood bank by oscillation, the ambient temperature is required to be 22 +/-2 ℃, so that a certain working current is supplied to the semiconductor refrigerator through the power supply battery, and the contact environment with the temperature of 22 +/-2 ℃ is formed on the contact surface between the blood transfusion bag and the substrate.
In one embodiment, in the blood product infusion intelligent assisting system for preventing platelet aggregation of the present invention, the negative pressure contraction member includes a plurality of air chamber units arranged in a contraction direction; the odd columns are provided with N air chamber units, the even columns are provided with N-1 or N +1 air chamber units, and the air chamber units are symmetrically distributed along the center line; and an airflow channel is arranged between two adjacent air chambers in the contraction direction, the air chamber units positioned in the first row or the tail row are communicated with the air inlet holes, and the air inlet holes are connected to the corresponding three-way valves through air channels. Meanwhile, the wall of the air chamber in the air chamber unit of the negative pressure contraction component has a thickness difference, so that the thinner wall of the air chamber in the air chamber unit is easier to collapse under the action of negative pressure, and therefore, based on the principle, the thickness of the wall of the air chamber deformed in the contraction direction under the action of negative pressure in the negative pressure contraction component is designed to be thinner.
As shown in fig. 6, the negative pressure contracting member 200 has two air cell units 201 in odd-numbered rows, and has one air cell unit 201 in even-numbered rows, and is symmetrically distributed along the center line; and an air flow channel 202 is arranged between each of the two air chamber units in the odd-numbered rows and the adjacent air chamber unit in the even-numbered rows, the air chamber unit in the tail row of the negative pressure contraction component 200 is communicated with an air inlet 203 and is connected to a three-way valve corresponding to the negative pressure contraction component 200 through the air inlet 203, mounting holes 204 are arranged at two ends of the negative pressure contraction component 200, and the negative pressure contraction component 200 is mounted on the substrate through the mounting holes 204.
Meanwhile, the internal shape of the air chamber unit 201 of the negative pressure contraction component 200 is rectangular, and the thickness of the air chamber wall 201a of the air chamber unit 201 is thinner than that of the air chamber wall 201b, so that the thinner air chamber wall 201a in the air chamber unit is easier to collapse under the action of negative pressure, and the negative pressure contraction component 200 can be contracted along the horizontal direction under the action of negative pressure. In addition, the internal shape of the air chamber unit of the negative pressure contraction component can be designed into a hexagon, and a corresponding effect can be achieved, which is not described herein again.
As shown in fig. 7, in the intelligent blood product infusion support system for preventing platelet aggregation according to the present invention, the control module 6 is connected to the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2, and the micro negative pressure pump 3 constituting the negative pressure source 3, and is connected to the three-way valve 1, the three-way valve 2, and the three-way valve 3 constituting the valve block 4. Specifically, the control module 6 outputs three paths of PWM signals to respectively control the output powers of the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2, and the micro negative pressure pump 3, and outputs three paths of switching signals to respectively control the switching of the paths of the three-way valve 1, the three-way valve 2, and the three-way valve 3, thereby realizing the switching of the negative pressure state and the atmospheric pressure state of the three negative pressure contraction components. When the control module 6 is implemented, the output power of the micro negative pressure pump is controlled by adjusting the duty ratio of the output PWM signal of the control module, and then the accurate control of the negative pressure is realized.
When platelets are stored in a blood bank by shaking, the environment temperature is required to be 22 +/-2 ℃, and the platelets are required to be shaken by a platelet shaker at the frequency of 60 times/min. Therefore, in the intelligent auxiliary system for blood product infusion for preventing platelet aggregation of the present invention, the control module 6 controls the process of switching the negative pressure contraction component from the atmospheric pressure state to the negative pressure state and switching the negative pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state according to the preset oscillation frequency of 60 times/min, so as to realize the oscillation of 60 times/min on the platelets.
The control module 6 can use the following three control logics to realize the oscillation of the platelets for 60 times/min, namely:
1. the control module 6 synchronously controls the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2 and the micro negative pressure pump 3, and the three-way valve 1, the three-way valve 2 and the three-way valve 3, so that the three negative pressure contraction components synchronously oscillate the blood platelets according to the oscillation frequency of 60 times/min.
2. The control module 6 asynchronously controls the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2 and the micro negative pressure pump 3, and the three-way valve 1, the three-way valve 2 and the three-way valve 3, so that the three negative pressure contraction parts asynchronously oscillate the blood platelets according to the oscillation frequency of 60 times/min.
3. The control module 6 controls the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2 and the micro negative pressure pump 3, and the three-way valve 1, the three-way valve 2 and the three-way valve 3, so that the three negative pressure contraction components are switched to a negative pressure state one by one from bottom to top, and then are restored to an atmospheric pressure state, and thus, the negative pressure contraction components are used as an oscillation process, and if the oscillation frequency is 60 times/min, the time of the oscillation process is 1 second.
The control program I, the control program II and the control program III are respectively and correspondingly written according to the control logic, then the control programs are written into the control module 6, and the transfusion bag containing one unit platelet (one unit platelet contains 2.5 to 10) 11 The number of platelets and about 250 ml of plasma required for storing the platelets) for a certain time, and finally, the number of the platelets in the blood transfusion bag after oscillation is determined by an analyzer so as to verify the oscillation effect corresponding to different control logics.
Specifically, in an environment with an ambient temperature of 22 ℃, different control programs (control program I, control program II and control program III) and different oscillation experiments with different oscillation times (1 h, 2h, 3h and 4 h) are performed on a blood transfusion bag of one unit of platelets, and a fully automatic blood analyzer (Sysmex XS-800I, josmen, japan) is used to determine the number and size of the platelets after each oscillation experiment, so as to finally obtain the following data (fig. 8 is drawn based on the following data):
control moduleWhen the control program I is written in, the number of platelets after 1h, 2h, 3h and 4h of oscillation on the blood transfusion bag is: 2.31*10 11 、2.12*10 11 、1.89*10 11 And 1.53 x 10 11 ；
When the control module writes a control program II, the number of platelets after the control module oscillates the blood transfusion bags for 1h, 2h, 3h and 4h is respectively as follows: 2.35*10 11 、2.17*10 11 、1.96*10 11 And 1.62 x 10 11 ；
When the control module writes a control program III, the number of platelets after the transfusion bag is oscillated for 1h, 2h, 3h and 4h is respectively as follows: 2.45*10 11 、2.32*10 11 、2.17*10 11 And 1.98 x 10 11 。
As shown in fig. 8, in the control program III, the number of platelets in the transfusion bag is the highest within the oscillation time of 1h to 4h, and the oscillation effect is the best; and the quantity of the platelets in the transfusion bag is relatively close to that of the platelets in the transfusion bag in the oscillation time of 1 h-4 h in the control program II and the control program I, and the quantity of the platelets in the transfusion bag is slightly higher than that of the platelets in the transfusion bag in the oscillation time of 1 h-4 h in the control program II.
In addition, it is further considered that the control module has an influence on the infusion process during the oscillation of the platelets 60 times/min, and therefore, the control program I, the control program II and the control program III are written into the control module 6 respectively, and the blood bag containing one unit of platelets is oscillated for 1min, and at the same time, the infusion rate is monitored by the flow rate monitor to verify the influence of different control logics on the infusion process by maintaining a certain infusion rate of the blood bag (platelets should be infused at 2-5 mL/min for the first 15min and at 300mL/h or a rate that can be tolerated by the patient after 15 min).
Specifically, after the blood transfusion bag is maintained at the transfusion speed of 300mL/h, 1min oscillation experiments of different control programs (control program I, control program II and control program III) are carried out on the blood transfusion bag of one unit platelet, the dropping speed is monitored by a drop detector, the transfusion speed is characterized by the size of the average dropping speed in the oscillation time, and finally the following data are obtained:
when the transfusion speed of the transfusion bag is maintained at 300mL/h, the number of liquid drops in 1min is 40;
when the control program I is written in the control module, the number of liquid drops in 1min is 46;
when the control program II is written in the control module, the number of liquid drops in 1min is 44;
when the control program III is written in the control module, the number of drops in 1min is 49.
Based on the data, the control module writes in a control program III to control the negative pressure contraction assembly to have higher influence on the infusion speed when the negative pressure contraction assembly oscillates on the blood transfusion bag. However, considering that the oscillation effect of the control program III is the best, further adjustment needs to be made on the basis of the control logic corresponding to the control program III, i.e. the influence of the negative pressure contraction assembly on the infusion speed during the process of switching from the negative pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state is reduced, so an intermediate state is set during the process of switching from the negative pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state to buffer the impact of the blood in the infusion bag on the infusion process during the switching of the state, and a new control logic is obtained, namely:
the control module 6 controls the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2 and the micro negative pressure pump 3, the three-way valve 1, the three-way valve 2 and the three-way valve 3, so that the three negative pressure contraction parts are switched to a negative pressure state one by one from bottom to top, when the negative pressure contraction parts are all switched to the negative pressure state, the control module 6 controls the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2 and the micro negative pressure pump 3, the three-way valve 1, the three-way valve 2 and the three-way valve 3, so that the negative pressure provided by the three micro negative pressure pumps is reduced to a set degree, and after the negative pressure provided by the three micro negative pressure pumps is reduced to the set degree, the corresponding negative pressure contraction parts are switched to an atmospheric pressure state. Thus, as one oscillation process, the time for one oscillation process is 1 second at an oscillation frequency of 60 times/min.
Writing a control program IV according to the control logic, then completing a 1min oscillation experiment of the control program IV according to the mode, and obtaining the following data:
when the control program IV is written in the control module, the number of drops in 1min is 43.
Based on the data, the control module writes a control program IV to control the negative pressure contraction assembly to have small influence on the infusion speed when the negative pressure contraction assembly oscillates on the blood transfusion bag. In addition, in order to verify whether the control program IV has an oscillation effect equivalent to that of the control program III, the control program IV was subjected to oscillation experiments at different oscillation times (1 h, 2h, 3h, and 4 h) for one unit platelet in the environment of the ambient temperature of 22 ℃, and the following data was obtained (fig. 9 was plotted in combination with the following data on the basis of fig. 8):
when the control program IV is written in the control module, after the transfusion bags are oscillated for 1h, 2h, 3h and 4h, the number of platelets is respectively as follows: 2.43*10 11 、2.31*10 11 、2.14*10 11 And 1.92 x 10 11 。
As shown in FIG. 9, the control program III and the control program IV have similar numbers of platelets in the transfusion bag and similar oscillation effects within the oscillation time of 1-4 h.
Therefore, in the specific implementation, after the control program IV is written in the control module 6, when the control module 6 runs the control program IV to oscillate platelets for 60 times/min, in the process of switching the three negative pressure constriction components to the negative pressure state, the control module outputs negative pressure control signals to the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2 and the micro negative pressure pump 3, respectively, so that each micro negative pressure pump provides stable negative pressure, and sequentially outputs air passage control signals to the three-way valve 1, the three-way valve 2 and the three-way valve 3, the three negative pressure constriction components are switched to the negative pressure state one by one, so that the negative pressure constriction components extrude blood bags one by one from bottom to top, and in the process of switching the three negative pressure constriction components to the atmospheric pressure state, the control signals are output to the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2 and the micro negative pressure pump 3, respectively, so that the negative pressures provided by the micro negative pressure pump 1, the micro negative pressure pump 2 and the micro negative pressure pump 3 are reduced to the set level, and the air passage control signals are switched to the three-way valve 3, so that the three-way valve 1, the micro negative pressure constriction components are switched to the set level. Therefore, by the mode, when a blood product is infused, the platelet aggregation in the platelet infusion process can be effectively avoided, and the influence of the negative pressure contraction component on the infusion speed when the blood infusion bag is released can be reduced.
In one embodiment, in the blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system for preventing platelet aggregation, the shape of the vertically suspended transfusion bag changes along with the change of the volume during blood product transfusion, namely, the blood in the transfusion bag is mainly concentrated below the transfusion bag due to the gravity during suspension. Detecting the weight of the infusion bag through a weighing sensor connected to the hook; meanwhile, the control module matches the morphological information corresponding to the blood transfusion bag according to the weight of the transfusion bag, determines the gravity center position of the blood transfusion bag according to the matched morphological information, and then switches the negative pressure contraction component with the working range higher than the gravity center position to the atmospheric pressure. By the mode, the negative pressure contraction component which does not contribute to blood product oscillation can be closed when the blood product is infused, and therefore electric energy consumption is reduced.
Claims (7)
1. An intelligent auxiliary system for blood product infusion for preventing platelet aggregation, comprising:
a base plate which is provided with a hook for hanging the blood transfusion bag;
the negative pressure contraction assembly is arranged on the base plate and can extrude the blood transfusion bag towards the direction of the base plate when contracting under the action of negative pressure;
a negative pressure source to provide negative pressure to the negative pressure retraction assembly;
the valve bank is used for realizing the switching between the negative pressure state and the atmospheric pressure state of the negative pressure contraction assembly;
the control module is used for outputting a negative pressure control signal to control the negative pressure provided by the negative pressure source and outputting a gas circuit control signal to control the valve group to enable the negative pressure contraction assembly to be repeatedly switched between a negative pressure state and an atmospheric pressure state, so that the negative pressure contraction assembly repeatedly extrudes the blood transfusion bag, and the oscillation of a blood product in the blood transfusion bag is realized;
the negative pressure contraction assembly comprises a plurality of negative pressure contraction components, and the negative pressure contraction components are sequentially and transversely arranged on the lower half part of the substrate; the negative pressure source comprises a plurality of miniature negative pressure pumps, the valve group comprises a plurality of three-way valves, and each negative pressure contraction component is respectively provided with negative pressure by one miniature negative pressure pump and realizes the switching between a negative pressure state and an atmospheric pressure state by one three-way valve;
the control module is used for outputting a negative pressure control signal to each miniature negative pressure pump to enable each miniature negative pressure pump to provide stable negative pressure and sequentially outputting a gas circuit control signal to each three-way valve, switching the plurality of negative pressure contraction components to a negative pressure state one by one to enable the negative pressure contraction components to extrude blood transfusion bags one by one from bottom to top, and outputting a negative pressure control signal to each miniature negative pressure pump to enable negative pressures provided by the plurality of miniature negative pressure pumps to be reduced to a set degree and outputting a gas circuit control signal to the corresponding three-way valve to switch the corresponding negative pressure contraction component to an atmospheric pressure state after the negative pressures provided by the plurality of miniature negative pressure pumps are reduced to the set degree;
the hook is connected with a weighing sensor and used for detecting the weight of the infusion bag; and the control module is used for matching the shape information corresponding to the blood transfusion bag according to the weight of the transfusion bag, determining the gravity center position of the blood transfusion bag according to the shape information, and switching the negative pressure contraction component with the working range higher than the gravity center position to the atmospheric pressure.
2. The intelligent platelet aggregation preventing blood product infusion support system according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure constriction member includes a plurality of air chamber units arranged in a constriction direction; the odd columns are provided with N air chamber units, the even columns are provided with N-1 or N +1 air chamber units, and the air chamber units are symmetrically distributed along the center line; and an airflow channel is arranged between two adjacent air chambers in the contraction direction, the air chamber units positioned in the first row or the tail row are communicated with the air inlet holes, and the air inlet holes are connected to the corresponding three-way valves through air channels.
3. The platelet aggregation prevention blood product infusion intelligence assistance system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the air chamber wall of the air chamber unit has a difference in thickness, wherein the thickness of the air chamber wall that can deform in the contraction direction under the negative pressure is small.
4. The intelligent platelet aggregation prevention blood product infusion support system according to claim 3, wherein the interior of the air chamber unit is rectangular or hexagonal.
5. The intelligent platelet aggregation prevention blood product infusion support system according to claim 1, wherein the control module is configured to control the process of switching the negative pressure contraction assembly from an atmospheric pressure state to a negative pressure state and from the negative pressure state to the atmospheric pressure state according to a preset oscillation frequency.
6. The platelet aggregation prevention blood product transfusion intelligent auxiliary system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of semiconductor refrigerators are embedded on the base plate, wherein the cold ends of the semiconductor refrigerators are used for cooling the transfusion bag.
7. The intelligent platelet aggregation prevention blood product infusion support system according to claim 6, wherein a heat dissipation channel is installed on the back surface of the base plate to dissipate heat from the hot end of the semiconductor cooler; and, the control module, the valves and the negative pressure pump are all arranged on a PCB board, and the PCB board is installed on the heat dissipation channel.
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