CN113554254A - Storage, and method, system and device for managing and controlling accident risk of petrochemical enterprise - Google Patents
Storage, and method, system and device for managing and controlling accident risk of petrochemical enterprise Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a storage, and a petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method, system and device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: respectively determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event; the risk value is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence; when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval, determining an additional safety measure for adjusting the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the accident consequence, and calculating a risk reduction coefficient of the additional safety measure; corresponding key actions and tasks are generated according to the additional safety measures, and the invention can avoid the loss or the insufficient effectiveness of the safety measures so as to reduce or eliminate the accident risk caused by the loss or the insufficient effectiveness of the safety measures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of security risk management, in particular to a method, a system and a device for managing and controlling accident risk of a memory and a petrochemical enterprise.
Background
In the petrochemical industry, a large amount of flammable, explosive, toxic or strongly corrosive dangerous chemicals are involved in the production, storage and transportation processes, so that a lot of safety risks exist in the petrochemical production, storage and transportation processes.
For the petrochemical industry, safety accidents can be caused no matter problems occur in the aspects of equipment, management system, personal negligence and the like; because the petrochemical field has the characteristics of flammability, explosiveness, toxicity, harmfulness and the like, the danger and the accident rate are high, the consequences are serious, and the method not only can cause huge damage to the environment and property, but also can cause casualties.
At present, the risk occurrence probability of a risk event (also referred to as an overhead event) is generally reduced by a security risk classification management and control method, so as to achieve the purpose of secure production.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following defects through research:
in the implementation process of security risk classification and management and control in the prior art, a large number of experience assessment methods are applied to qualitatively describe the risk degree, and the result is influenced by the on-site subjective factors of evaluators, so that the following results are obtained: on one hand, a stable and accurate risk assessment result cannot be obtained, and on the other hand, the effectiveness of safety measures of a hazard source and a risk consequence cannot be accurately obtained, so that the problem of safety measure loss or insufficient effectiveness exists, and further potential safety hazards of petrochemical enterprises are caused.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to avoid the loss of safety measures or insufficient effectiveness of petrochemical enterprises so as to eliminate potential safety hazards caused by the loss of safety measures or insufficient effectiveness.
The invention provides a petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method, which comprises the following steps:
s11, respectively determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event; the risk value is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence;
s12, when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval, determining an additional safety measure for adjusting the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the accident consequence;
and S13, generating corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional safety measures.
In the present invention, the determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event respectively includes:
s101, determining hazard elements contained in each hazard source capable of inducing the risk event in advance according to the hazard event basic elements;
s102, presetting a measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule, which comprises the following steps: respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety precautionary measures corresponding to each hazard element, and respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety retarding measures corresponding to each accident consequence;
s103, acquiring the current safety retarding measures of the accident consequence, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons, and acquiring the current safety preventing measures, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons corresponding to the hazard elements related to the accident consequence;
s104, respectively determining the effectiveness grade values of the current safety slowing measures and the current safety preventive measures of the accident consequence according to a preset measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule;
s105, determining an outcome grade value of the accident outcome according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety slowing measure, and determining the possibility probability of the accident outcome according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety preventive measure;
and S106, generating a risk value of the accident consequence according to the consequence grade value and the possibility probability of the accident consequence.
In the present invention, the preset measure effectiveness level evaluation rule includes:
respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of the safety measures, and respectively establishing and storing the effectiveness corresponding relation between the safety measures and the effectiveness grade values;
and determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety precaution measure of each hazard element associated with the accident consequence according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
In the present invention, the preset measure effectiveness level evaluation rule further includes:
and determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety slowing measures associated with the accident consequences according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
In the present invention, the generating of the risk value according to the outcome level value of the accident outcome and the probability of the possibility of causing the accident outcome includes:
when a risk value of a certain accident consequence is evaluated, substituting an outcome grade value and a possibility probability of the accident consequence into a preset risk matrix table respectively, and determining the risk value of the accident consequence according to the numerical values of the outcome grade value and the possibility probability at the intersection point positions of table rows and table columns of the risk matrix table; the table rows and the table columns of the risk matrix table are used to characterize the outcome level values and likelihood probabilities, respectively.
In the present invention, the additional security measures for determining the probability of possibility and/or the value of the outcome level for adjusting the accident outcome when the risk value of a certain accident outcome exceeds a preset interval include:
when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds the upper limit value of a preset interval, determining a safety measure capable of reducing the possibility probability and/or reducing the consequence grade value from a preset safety measure database as an additional safety measure; the safety measure database comprises a plurality of safety measures and an effectiveness corresponding relation between each safety measure and an effectiveness grade value of each safety measure, wherein the safety measures comprise safety precautionary measures and safety slowing measures.
In the present invention, the key actions and tasks include:
actions and/or tasks required for implementing and/or implementing the additional security measures, and implementations of the actions and/or tasks.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus, including:
the risk determination unit is used for respectively determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event; the risk value is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence;
the additional measure unit is used for determining an additional safety measure for adjusting the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the accident consequence when the risk value of the accident consequence exceeds a preset interval;
and the action generating unit is used for generating corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional safety measures.
In the present invention, the risk determination unit includes:
the element determining module is used for determining the hazard elements contained in each hazard source capable of inducing the risk event in advance according to the hazard event basic elements;
the effectiveness setting module is used for presetting measure effectiveness grade evaluation rules and comprises the following steps: respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety precautionary measures corresponding to each hazard element, and respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety retarding measures corresponding to each accident consequence;
the measure acquisition module is used for acquiring the current safety retarding measures of the accident consequence, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons, and acquiring the current safety prevention measures, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons corresponding to the hazard elements related to the accident consequence;
the effectiveness evaluation module is used for respectively determining the effectiveness grade values of the current safety slowing measures and the current safety preventive measures of the accident consequences according to a preset measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule;
the consequence evaluation module is used for determining the consequence grade value of the accident consequence according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety slowing measure and determining the possibility probability of the accident consequence according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety precautionary measure;
and the risk value generating module is used for generating the risk value of the accident consequence according to the consequence grade value and the possibility probability of the accident consequence.
In the present invention, the preset measure effectiveness level evaluation rule includes:
respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of the safety measures, and respectively establishing and storing the effectiveness corresponding relation between the safety measures and the effectiveness grade values;
and determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety precaution measure of each hazard element associated with the accident consequence according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
In the present invention, the preset measure effectiveness level evaluation rule further includes:
and determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety slowing measures associated with the accident consequences according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
In the present invention, the generating of the risk value according to the outcome level value of the accident outcome and the probability of the possibility of causing the accident outcome includes:
when a risk value of a certain accident consequence is evaluated, substituting an outcome grade value and a possibility probability of the accident consequence into a preset risk matrix table respectively, and determining the risk value of the accident consequence according to the numerical values of the outcome grade value and the possibility probability at the intersection point positions of table rows and table columns of the risk matrix table; the table rows and the table columns of the risk matrix table are used to characterize the outcome level values and likelihood probabilities, respectively.
In the present invention, the additional security measures for determining the probability of possibility and/or the value of the outcome level for adjusting the accident outcome when the risk value of a certain accident outcome exceeds a preset interval include:
when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds the upper limit value of a preset interval, determining a safety measure capable of reducing the possibility probability and/or reducing the consequence grade value from a preset safety measure database as an additional safety measure; the safety measure database comprises a plurality of safety measures and an effectiveness corresponding relation between each safety measure and an effectiveness grade value of each safety measure, wherein the safety measures comprise safety precautionary measures and safety slowing measures.
In the present invention, the key actions and tasks include:
actions and/or tasks required for implementing and/or implementing the additional security measures, and implementations of the actions and/or tasks.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a memory including a software program, wherein the software program is adapted to be executed by a processor to perform the steps of the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control device, where the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control device includes a computer program stored on a memory, and the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the method in the above aspects, and achieves the same technical effect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, respectively determining the risk value of each accident consequence of a risk event under the current safety measures (including safety precaution measures and safety slowing measures); the risk value is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence; when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval, the current safety measures are not enough to ensure that the safety risk of the enterprise is in a reasonable range, and at the moment, the invention also determines additional safety measures for adjusting the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the specific accident consequence; the added additional safety measures can reduce the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the accident consequence; the risk value of the corresponding accident consequence can be in a preset interval, so that the risk level and the risk value of the risk event are reduced, and the safety risk of an enterprise is reduced; after determining the additional security measures, the embodiment of the present invention further generates corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional security measures, so as to generate corresponding implementation schemes and task allocation schemes according to the actions and/or tasks required for implementing and implementing the additional security measures and the specific implementation manners of the actions and tasks.
Therefore, the accident risk assessment method obtains the standard unified accident risk assessment result by quantifying the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of occurrence of the accident consequence, so that whether the effectiveness of the current safety measure on the risk event is enough can be accurately analyzed, the corresponding additional safety measure can be made under the condition of insufficient effectiveness to improve the effect of risk management and control, the safety measure loss or the effectiveness insufficiency of petrochemical enterprises can be further avoided, and the potential safety hazard generated by the method can be eliminated.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical means implementable in accordance with the contents of the description, and to make the above and other objects, technical features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a step diagram of an accident risk management and control method for a petrochemical enterprise according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overhead event analysis graph of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an accident risk management and control apparatus for a petrochemical enterprise according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. The article may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or portions, and are not used to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
Example one
In order to avoid missing or insufficient effectiveness of safety measures of petrochemical enterprises and reduce or eliminate accident risks caused by the missing or insufficient effectiveness of the safety measures, as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an accident risk management and control method for petrochemical enterprises, including the steps of:
s11, respectively determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event; the risk value is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence;
in the embodiment of the invention, when the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event is determined, the probability of the accident consequence is determined according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of the possibility of causing the accident consequence; in practical applications, this can be achieved by means of a risk matrix table as shown in table 1, in particular:
when a risk value of a certain accident consequence is evaluated, substituting the consequence grade value and the possibility probability of the accident consequence into a preset risk matrix table respectively, and determining the risk value of the accident consequence according to the numerical values of the consequence grade value and the possibility probability at the intersection point position of table rows and table columns of the risk matrix table; the table rows and table columns of the risk matrix table are used to characterize the outcome level values and likelihood probabilities, respectively. The risk matrix table shown in table 1 has table rows for representing probability of possibility, and table columns for representing outcome level values, for example, when the probability of possibility of a certain accident outcome is 3, and the outcome level value is E, the value of the outcome level value and the probability of possibility at the intersection position of the table rows and the table columns of the risk matrix table is 15, which is the risk value of the accident outcome.
TABLE 1
It should be noted that the risk event in the embodiment of the present invention may also be referred to as a top event, and the concept and manner in Bow-tie (Bow tie analysis) may be referred to determine the top event, and the relationship between the cause of the accident, the route leading to the accident, the consequences of the accident, and the measures for preventing the accident.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific step of determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event may include:
s101, determining hazard elements contained in each hazard source capable of inducing the risk event in advance according to the hazard event basic elements;
the hazardous event basic elements in the embodiment of the invention can comprise hazardous events, hazardous sources, types, names, main contents and the like of the hazardous events, and the hazardous events are taken as the example that the hazardous events are large floating roof tank leakage; specifically, if the floating roof tank is leaked in multiple situations, the essential elements of the dangerous events can be dangerous events such as liquid level indication faults, tank overflow caused by misoperation during flow switching, central drainage pipe blockage and the like.
In order to comprehensively evaluate and analyze each accident consequence of a risk event, various hazard elements contained in each risk source capable of inducing the risk event need to be collected and acquired, and in practical application, the hazard elements existing in the production activities of a unit can be analyzed through a safety checklist, a brainstorming (collective discussion), an accident case discussion and a major risk quick Scan (SCM), so that the risk events possibly causing the production accidents are counted, and further, the comprehensive hazard elements are obtained.
In practical applications, referring to the overhead event analysis chart shown in fig. 2, a risk event may include multiple accident consequences, such as leakage of a large floating roof tank as a risk event, which may cause a pool fire in a fire dam, and uncontrolled drooling caused by crude oil flowing out of the fire dam; the effect of each accident effect can be further divided into a plurality of aspects, such as personnel damage effect, property loss effect, social effect, environmental effect and the like; in fig. 2, the accident consequence includes the effect of 4 aspects mentioned above as an example.
S102, presetting a measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule, which comprises the following steps: respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety precautionary measures corresponding to each hazard element, and respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety retarding measures corresponding to each accident consequence;
in the embodiment of the invention, the grading of the effectiveness grade value is carried out on various safety measures (including safety precautionary measures and safety slow-down measures), namely, the effectiveness grade value of each safety measure is determined; in practical application, the corresponding relation between each safety measure and the effectiveness grade value can be established and stored; specifically, it may be:
respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of the safety measures, and respectively establishing and storing the effectiveness corresponding relation between the safety measures and the effectiveness grade values;
and determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety precaution measure of each hazard element associated with the accident consequence according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
And determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety slowing measures associated with the accident consequences according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
In practical application, the safety measures in the embodiment of the invention can comprise liquid level high alarm and personnel response, liquid level high interlocking tank inlet cut-off valve and the like. The mitigation measures include combustible gas alarm and personnel response, fire dam/embankment, and the like. Among them, the safety measures for reducing the possibility of occurrence of accident consequences are called safety precautions; safety measures for reducing the severity of an accident and/or the loss of an accident after the occurrence of the accident are called safety mitigation measures.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, for different accident consequences, the effectiveness level values of the safety precautionary measures corresponding to different hazard elements are also different; that is, even for the same safety precaution, the effectiveness level values will likely be different in different accident outcomes or to address different hazard factors.
S103, acquiring the current safety retarding measures of the accident consequence, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons, and acquiring the current safety preventing measures, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons corresponding to the hazard elements related to the accident consequence;
in order to evaluate whether the current security measures can have sufficient effectiveness, the embodiment of the present invention needs to respectively obtain security measures before each accident consequence of the risk event.
S104, respectively determining the effectiveness grade values of the current safety slowing measures and the current safety preventive measures of the accident consequence according to a preset measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule;
after the validity correspondence conforming to the preset measure validity level evaluation rule is established and stored, the validity level values of the current safety slowing measures and the current safety preventive measures can be determined according to the validity correspondence.
By taking the case that the risk event is the leakage of the large floating roof tank as an example, the setting examples of the effectiveness level values (detailed in table 2) of various safety precautionary measures corresponding to the hazard elements and the setting examples of the effectiveness level values (detailed in table 3) of various safety mitigating measures corresponding to the accident consequences are described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Table 2:
table 3:
as can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the safety precaution measures corresponding to the hazard factor process switching misoperation include liquid level high alarm and personnel response (effectiveness grade value is 0.1) and liquid level high interlocking tank inlet cut-off valve (effectiveness grade value is 0.1);
safety precaution measures corresponding to hazard factor liquid level indication faults comprise a liquid level high-high interlocking tank inlet cut-off valve (the effectiveness grade value is 0.1);
safety precaution measures corresponding to blockage of the central drain pipe caused by the hazard factors comprise liquid level high alarm, personnel response (effectiveness grade value is 0.1) and a liquid level high interlocking tank inlet cut-off valve (effectiveness grade value is 0.1);
safety mitigation measures corresponding to the accident consequence fire protection dike inner pool fire include combustible gas alarm and personnel response (the effectiveness grade value is 0.1);
the safety mitigation measures corresponding to the runaway fire with the incontrollable accident consequence comprise combustible gas alarm and personnel response (the effectiveness grade value is 0.1) and a fire bank of the tank field (the effectiveness grade value is 0.01).
S105, determining an outcome level value of the accident outcome according to the effectiveness level value of the current safety slowing measure, and determining probability of possibility of the accident outcome (namely PFDs) according to the effectiveness level value of the current safety precautionary measure;
generally speaking, an accident consequence may include a plurality of safety precautionary measures for reducing the possibility of occurrence of the accident consequence, and the probability of the possibility of the accident consequence may be generated by integrating the current effectiveness level values of the safety precautionary measures; similarly, by integrating the effectiveness grade values of the current safety mitigation measures, the consequence grade value of the accident consequence can be generated.
Referring to table 2 and table 3, it can be seen that, according to the validity level value corresponding to each safety mitigating measure, the probability of possibility of a process switching misoperation can be obtained to be 0.1; the probability of the possibility of the liquid level indicating fault is 0.1; the probability of the central drain pipe becoming clogged is 0.01.
The consequence grade value of the fire in the pool in the fire dike is D; the consequence level value of an uncontrolled running fire is E.
And S106, generating a risk value of the accident consequence according to the consequence grade value and the possibility probability of the accident consequence.
In the embodiment of the present invention, one risk event may include a plurality of accident consequences, and the risk value of the risk event may be determined by the risk value of the accident consequence with the highest risk value. And the risk value of each accident consequence can be generated according to the consequence grade value and the possibility probability of the accident consequence.
In practical applications, the risk value of each accident consequence of the overhead event without any security measures can be determined first as the underlying data; further obtaining an initial risk value of the overhead event; then, the current risk value of each accident consequence of the overhead event is determined according to the safety measures currently adopted. The initial outcome level value of each accident outcome can be estimated empirically or can be determined by simulating the impact range of the outcome with CFD.
In practical applications, the risk value of the accident consequence may be generated through a risk matrix table as shown in table 1, that is, the consequence level value and the probability of the accident consequence are respectively substituted into a preset risk matrix table, and the risk value of the accident consequence is determined according to the numerical values of the consequence level value and the probability of the accident at the intersection point position of the table row and table column of the risk matrix table. Specifically, after the risk values of the various impact aspects of the accident consequence are respectively obtained according to the risk matrix table in table 1, the highest value is the risk value of the accident consequence; and after the risk value of each accident consequence included in one risk event is obtained, the accident consequence with the highest risk value can be taken to determine the risk value of the risk event.
In conjunction with tables 2 and 3, table 4 shows a specific example of determining a risk value when the risk event is a large floating roof tank leak.
In fig. 2, the flow and results of analyzing the risk value of a risk event are shown in three different cases, respectively, where "initial" indicates the case where no security measures are taken, "present" indicates the case where currently existing security measures are taken, and "final" indicates the case where additional security measures are taken;
wherein the four rank values in each column of the initial, present and final three items represent the risk values of 4 impact aspects, respectively, such as: in FIG. 2
Representing that the risk grades of 4 aspects of the risk event are E7, D7, C7 and C7 respectively without any safety measures, according to the risk matrix table, the risk values of the aspects are 68, 55, 23 and 23 respectively, and the highest value is taken, so that the initial risk value of the risk event is 68. Similarly, the risk value of the accident consequence or the risk value of the risk event can be determined in a similar manner in both cases "now" and "finally".
Table 4:
s12, when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval, determining an additional safety measure for adjusting the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the accident consequence;
when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval, the additional safety measures for determining the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value for adjusting the accident consequence comprise:
when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds the upper limit value of a preset interval, determining a safety measure capable of reducing the possibility probability and/or reducing the consequence grade value from a preset safety measure database as an additional safety measure; the safety measure database comprises a plurality of safety measures and an effectiveness corresponding relation between each safety measure and an effectiveness grade value of each safety measure, wherein the safety measures comprise safety precautionary measures and safety slowing measures.
Also take the risk matrix table shown in table 1 as an example, in table 1, when the risk value is less than 20, it is considered that the current risk is in an acceptable interval, and at this time, additional security measures may not be required to be added; when the risk value is greater than 20, the current risk is considered to be too large, additional safety measures are needed to be added to reduce the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value, and then the risk value generated according to the consequence grade value and the possibility probability is reduced to a preset interval, so that the purpose of effectively reducing the safety risk is achieved.
In practical application, the additional safety measures may specifically be emergency warning and manual evacuation, leakage monitoring, oil product storage, monitoring instruments, protective equipment, and the like for corresponding hazard elements or accident consequences.
As can be seen from the evaluations in table 4, the initial risk level for a large floating-roof crude tank leak when no safety measures are taken is E7 (corresponding to a risk value of 68); under the condition that the existing safety measures are kept effective, the current risk level is D5 (corresponding risk value 25), the current risk level is a larger level, unacceptable risks are caused, and after accessory safety measures are taken (in the embodiment of the invention, the accessory safety measures are taken, namely, the SIS system is additionally provided with a liquid level high-high interlocking cut-off emergency cut-off valve, the risk level is reduced to D4 (corresponding risk value 17), and the risk level is a common risk.
It should be noted that, in practical applications, the preset interval related to the risk value may be set by a person skilled in the art according to practical situations, and is not specifically limited herein.
And S13, generating corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional safety measures.
The critical actions and tasks, including actions and/or tasks required to implement and/or implement the additional security measures, and implementations of the actions and/or tasks.
After determining the additional security measures capable of effectively reducing the security risk, the embodiment of the invention can also generate corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional security measures, so that specific schemes for implementing the additional security measures are listed and distributed to corresponding responsible personnel.
In practical applications, the expression form of the key action and task table in the embodiment of the present invention can be shown in table 5:
TABLE 5
In summary, in the embodiments of the present invention, first, under the current security measures (including security precautionary measures and security mitigation measures), the risk values of the accident outcomes of the risk events are respectively determined; the risk value in the embodiment of the invention is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence; when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval, it indicates that the current security measures are not enough to ensure that the security risk of the enterprise is within a reasonable range, and at this time, the embodiment of the invention also determines additional security measures for adjusting the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the enterprise according to the specific accident consequence; the additional safety measures added in the embodiment of the invention can reduce the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the accident consequence; the risk value of the corresponding accident consequence can be in a preset interval, so that the risk level and the risk value of the risk event are reduced, and the safety risk of an enterprise is reduced; after determining the additional security measures, the embodiment of the present invention further generates corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional security measures, so as to generate corresponding implementation schemes and task allocation schemes according to the actions and/or tasks required for implementing and implementing the additional security measures and the specific implementation manners of the actions and tasks.
It can be seen from the above that, in the embodiment of the present invention, a standard unified accident risk assessment result is obtained by quantifying the consequence level value of the accident consequence and the probability of occurrence of the accident consequence, so that whether the effectiveness of the current safety measure for the risk event is sufficient or not can be accurately analyzed, and a corresponding additional safety measure can be made under the condition of insufficient effectiveness to improve the effect of risk management and control, thereby avoiding the safety measure loss or insufficient effectiveness of the petrochemical enterprises, and further eliminating the potential safety hazard generated thereby.
Example two
In another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus is further provided, and fig. 3 illustrates a schematic structural diagram of the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, where the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus is an apparatus corresponding to the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1, that is, the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1 is implemented by using a virtual apparatus, and each virtual module constituting the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus may be executed by an electronic device, such as a network device, a terminal device, or a server. Specifically, the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control device in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the risk determination unit 01 is used for respectively determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event; the risk value is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence;
an additional measure unit 02, configured to determine an additional security measure for adjusting a probability of possibility of an accident consequence and/or an outcome level value when a risk value of the accident consequence exceeds a preset interval;
and the action generating unit 03 is used for generating corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional safety measures.
Since the working principle and the beneficial effects of the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention have been described and illustrated in the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method corresponding to fig. 1, they may be referred to each other and are not described herein again.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the second embodiment, the risk determining unit 01 in the embodiment of the present invention may specifically include:
the element determining module is used for determining the hazard elements contained in each hazard source capable of inducing the risk event in advance according to the hazard event basic elements;
the effectiveness setting module is used for presetting measure effectiveness grade evaluation rules and comprises the following steps: respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety precautionary measures corresponding to each hazard element, and respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety retarding measures corresponding to each accident consequence;
the measure acquisition module is used for acquiring the current safety retarding measures of the accident consequence, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons, and acquiring the current safety prevention measures, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons corresponding to the hazard elements related to the accident consequence;
the effectiveness evaluation module is used for respectively determining the effectiveness grade values of the current safety slowing measures and the current safety preventive measures of the accident consequences according to a preset measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule;
the consequence evaluation module is used for determining the consequence grade value of the accident consequence according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety slowing measure and determining the possibility probability of the accident consequence according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety precautionary measure;
and the risk value generating module is used for generating the risk value of the accident consequence according to the consequence grade value and the possibility probability of the accident consequence.
Similarly, the working principle and the beneficial effects of the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention are also recorded and described in the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method corresponding to fig. 1, and therefore, reference may be made to each other, and details are not repeated here.
Example four
In an embodiment of the present invention, a memory is further provided, where the memory includes a software program, and the software program is adapted to enable a processor to execute each step in the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method corresponding to fig. 1.
The embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by a software program, that is, by writing a software program (and an instruction set) for implementing each step in the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method corresponding to fig. 1, the software program is stored in a storage device, and the storage device is disposed in a computer device, so that a processor of the computer device may call the software program to implement the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention.
EXAMPLE five
In an embodiment of the present invention, a petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control device is further provided, where a memory included in the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control device includes a corresponding computer program product, and when a program instruction included in the computer program product is executed by a computer, the computer may execute the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method in the above aspects, and achieve the same technical effect.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control device as an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the device includes one or more processors 610, a bus 630 and a memory 620. Taking one processor 610 as an example, the apparatus may further include: input device 640, output device 650.
The processor 610, memory 620, input device 640, and output device 650 may be connected by a bus or other means, such as by bus 630 in fig. 4.
The memory 620, which is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, may be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs, and modules. The processor 610 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device, i.e., the processing method of the above-described method embodiment, by executing the non-transitory software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 620.
The memory 620 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data and the like. Further, the memory 620 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 620 optionally includes memory located remotely from the processor 610, which may be connected to the processing device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The input device 640 may receive input numeric or character information and generate a signal input. The output device 650 may include a display device such as a display screen.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 620 and, when executed by the one or more processors 610, perform:
s11, respectively determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event; the risk value is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence;
s12, when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval, determining an additional safety measure for adjusting the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the accident consequence;
and S13, generating corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional safety measures.
Preferably, the separately determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event comprises:
s101, determining hazard elements contained in each hazard source capable of inducing the risk event in advance according to the hazard event basic elements;
s102, presetting a measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule, which comprises the following steps: respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety precautionary measures corresponding to each hazard element, and respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety retarding measures corresponding to each accident consequence;
s103, acquiring the current safety retarding measures of the accident consequence, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons, and acquiring the current safety preventing measures, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons corresponding to the hazard elements related to the accident consequence;
s104, respectively determining the effectiveness grade values of the current safety slowing measures and the current safety preventive measures of the accident consequence according to a preset measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule;
s105, determining an outcome grade value of the accident outcome according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety slowing measure, and determining the possibility probability of the accident outcome according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety preventive measure;
and S106, generating a risk value of the accident consequence according to the consequence grade value and the possibility probability of the accident consequence.
The product can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For technical details that are not described in detail in this embodiment, reference may be made to methods provided by other embodiments of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage device and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage device includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a ReRAM, an MRAM, a PCM, a NAND Flash, a NOR Flash, a Memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or other various media that can store program codes.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11, respectively determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event; the risk value is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence;
s12, when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval, determining an additional safety measure for adjusting the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the accident consequence;
and S13, generating corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional safety measures.
2. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method according to claim 1, wherein the separately determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event comprises:
s101, determining hazard elements contained in each hazard source capable of inducing the risk event in advance according to the hazard event basic elements;
s102, presetting a measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule, which comprises the following steps: respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety precautionary measures corresponding to each hazard element, and respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety retarding measures corresponding to each accident consequence;
s103, acquiring the current safety retarding measures of the accident consequence, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons, and acquiring the current safety preventing measures, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons corresponding to the hazard elements related to the accident consequence;
s104, respectively determining the effectiveness grade values of the current safety slowing measures and the current safety preventive measures of the accident consequence according to a preset measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule;
s105, determining an outcome grade value of the accident outcome according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety slowing measure, and determining the possibility probability of the accident outcome according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety preventive measure;
and S106, generating a risk value of the accident consequence according to the consequence grade value and the possibility probability of the accident consequence.
3. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method according to claim 2, wherein the preset measure effectiveness level evaluation rule comprises:
respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of the safety measures, and respectively establishing and storing the effectiveness corresponding relation between the safety measures and the effectiveness grade values;
and determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety precaution measure of each hazard element associated with the accident consequence according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
4. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method according to claim 3, wherein the preset measure effectiveness level evaluation rule further comprises:
and determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety slowing measures associated with the accident consequences according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
5. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method according to claim 4, wherein the risk value is generated according to an accident consequence grade value and a probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence to occur, and comprises:
when a risk value of a certain accident consequence is evaluated, substituting an outcome grade value and a possibility probability of the accident consequence into a preset risk matrix table respectively, and determining the risk value of the accident consequence according to the numerical values of the outcome grade value and the possibility probability at the intersection point positions of table rows and table columns of the risk matrix table; the table rows and the table columns of the risk matrix table are used to characterize the outcome level values and likelihood probabilities, respectively.
6. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the determining of the additional safety measure for adjusting the probability of possibility and/or the level value of the accident consequence when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval comprises:
when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds the upper limit value of a preset interval, determining a safety measure capable of reducing the possibility probability and/or reducing the consequence grade value from a preset safety measure database as an additional safety measure; the safety measure database comprises a plurality of safety measures and an effectiveness corresponding relation between each safety measure and an effectiveness grade value of each safety measure, wherein the safety measures comprise safety precautionary measures and safety slowing measures.
7. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control method of claim 6, wherein the key actions and tasks comprise:
actions and/or tasks required for implementing and/or implementing the additional security measures, and implementations of the actions and/or tasks.
8. The utility model provides a petrochemical industry accident risk management and control device which characterized in that includes:
the risk determination unit is used for respectively determining the risk value of each accident consequence of the risk event; the risk value is generated according to the consequence grade value of the accident consequence and the probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence;
the additional measure unit is used for determining an additional safety measure for adjusting the possibility probability and/or the consequence grade value of the accident consequence when the risk value of the accident consequence exceeds a preset interval;
and the action generating unit is used for generating corresponding key actions and tasks according to the additional safety measures.
9. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus of claim 8, wherein the risk determination unit comprises:
the element determining module is used for determining the hazard elements contained in each hazard source capable of inducing the risk event in advance according to the hazard event basic elements;
the effectiveness setting module is used for presetting measure effectiveness grade evaluation rules and comprises the following steps: respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety precautionary measures corresponding to each hazard element, and respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of various safety retarding measures corresponding to each accident consequence;
the measure acquisition module is used for acquiring the current safety retarding measures of the accident consequence, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons, and acquiring the current safety prevention measures, the corresponding responsibility departments and the responsible persons corresponding to the hazard elements related to the accident consequence;
the effectiveness evaluation module is used for respectively determining the effectiveness grade values of the current safety slowing measures and the current safety preventive measures of the accident consequences according to a preset measure effectiveness grade evaluation rule;
the consequence evaluation module is used for determining the consequence grade value of the accident consequence according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety slowing measure and determining the possibility probability of the accident consequence according to the effectiveness grade value of the current safety precautionary measure;
and the risk value generating module is used for generating the risk value of the accident consequence according to the consequence grade value and the possibility probability of the accident consequence.
10. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control device according to claim 9, wherein the preset measure effectiveness level evaluation rule comprises:
respectively setting the effectiveness grade values of the safety measures, and respectively establishing and storing the effectiveness corresponding relation between the safety measures and the effectiveness grade values;
and determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety precaution measure of each hazard element associated with the accident consequence according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
11. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control device according to claim 10, wherein the preset measure effectiveness level evaluation rule further comprises:
and determining the effectiveness grade value of the safety slowing measures associated with the accident consequences according to the effectiveness corresponding relation.
12. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus of claim 11, wherein the risk value is generated according to an accident consequence grade value and a probability of possibility of causing the accident consequence to occur, and comprises:
when a risk value of a certain accident consequence is evaluated, substituting an outcome grade value and a possibility probability of the accident consequence into a preset risk matrix table respectively, and determining the risk value of the accident consequence according to the numerical values of the outcome grade value and the possibility probability at the intersection point positions of table rows and table columns of the risk matrix table; the table rows and the table columns of the risk matrix table are used to characterize the outcome level values and likelihood probabilities, respectively.
13. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the determining of the additional security measure for adjusting the probability of possibility and/or the level value of the accident consequence when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds a preset interval comprises:
when the risk value of a certain accident consequence exceeds the upper limit value of a preset interval, determining a safety measure capable of reducing the possibility probability and/or reducing the consequence grade value from a preset safety measure database as an additional safety measure; the safety measure database comprises a plurality of safety measures and an effectiveness corresponding relation between each safety measure and an effectiveness grade value of each safety measure, wherein the safety measures comprise safety precautionary measures and safety slowing measures.
14. The petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control of claim 13, wherein the key actions and tasks comprise:
actions and/or tasks required for implementing and/or implementing the additional security measures, and implementations of the actions and/or tasks.
15. Memory, characterized in that it comprises a software program adapted to execute the steps of the petrochemical enterprise accident risk management method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 by a processor.
16. A petrochemical enterprise accident risk management and control apparatus comprising a bus, a processor, and a memory as claimed in claim 15;
the bus is used for connecting the memory and the processor;
the processor is configured to execute a set of instructions in the memory.
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