CN113545343B - 一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂及其制备和使用方法 - Google Patents

一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂及其制备和使用方法 Download PDF

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CN113545343B
CN113545343B CN202110753109.2A CN202110753109A CN113545343B CN 113545343 B CN113545343 B CN 113545343B CN 202110753109 A CN202110753109 A CN 202110753109A CN 113545343 B CN113545343 B CN 113545343B
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sodium
agricultural pest
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CN113545343A (zh
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张春华
刘开宇
李小龙
张宗俭
姚登峰
徐波
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BEIJING GRAND AGROCHEM Ltd
Central Research Institute Of China Chemical Science And Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂及其制备和使用方法，属于农用喷雾助剂技术领域，上述喷雾助剂由以下重量份组分组成：溶剂50‑90重量份；乳化剂5‑40重量份；润湿剂1‑20重量份；抗氧化剂1‑10重量份；pH调节剂0.01‑10重量份；所述乳化剂包括乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐。本发明通过特定的乳化剂与润湿剂、抗氧化剂、pH调节剂的协同作用，提高了药液药液润湿与铺展性能，提高农药的利用率，达到多重增效的作用性能。

Description

一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂及其制备和使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及农用喷雾助剂技术领域，具体提供一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂及其制备和使用方法。
背景技术
半翅目植食性农业害虫的分泌物，是构成其体外免疫防御策略的第一道防线，用以抵御天敌和外源物的入侵；分泌物的化学组成极为复杂，包括，糖、醇、酮、酚、酯、酸、醌、醛、酶、蛋白质、碳氢化合物、多种杂环类有机化合物及毒液等；复杂多样的成分组成，为其带来多种的生物学功能作用，如自洁、保护、引诱、趋避等。
半翅目植食性农业害虫的分泌物，对农作物的危害范围广泛，包括污染并附着于作物体表面，危害叶面、果面、花序等，进而影响作物的光合与呼吸作用及花粉传播与受育；同时，分泌物也是外源真菌病、细菌病、病毒病的良好载体，为农作物在次生病害的发生与传播提供良好介质；半翅目植食性农业害虫的分泌物，会直接阻碍杀虫剂、杀菌剂、叶面肥、植物生长调节剂等农药的作用效果，使农药无法直接作用与靶标，影响施用效果，导致农药的浪费与用量的加大。
目前，农用喷雾助剂以油类、有机硅、高分子化合物等表面活性剂为主，提高助剂的润湿、铺展、雾化、传导、沉降中的某一个或某几个功能，但是在防治半翅目植食性农业害虫及其分泌物所引发的次生危害过程中难以发挥出最佳的作用效果。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂及其制备和使用方法，本发明助剂对半翅目植食性农业害虫分泌物有着良好的清除性能，同时具有良好的润湿铺展效果，可提高农药的利用率，达到多重增效的作用性能，进而达到农药减量使用的目的。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供技术方案如下：
一方面，本发明提供一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂，由以下重量份组分组成：
Figure GDA0003758345250000021
所述乳化剂包括乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐。
优选的，上述清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂由以下重量份的组分组成：
Figure GDA0003758345250000022
进一步的，所述乳化剂还包括二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠、丁二酸二异辛酯磺酸钠、琥珀酸二癸基磺酸钠、琥珀酸双十二醇基磺酸钠、琥珀酸双十四醇基磺酸钠、OP-10乳化剂、异构十三烷醇聚氧乙烯醚、聚乙二醇系列的PEG的一种或多种。
优选的，所述乳化剂为重量比1：2的乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐和二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠的混合物。
进一步的，所述溶剂为水、乙醇、丙酮、乙醛、吡啶、乙酸乙酯、二甲基亚砜、苯二甲酸二丁酯、二恶烷和芳烃化合物中的一种或几种。
进一步的，所述润湿剂为月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、月桂醇聚醚-2硫酸钠、十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、二丁基奈磺酸钠、烷基萘磺酸盐缩合物的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述抗氧化剂为山梨酸、肉桂酸、对羟基苯甲酸酯、焦碳酸二乙酯、香草酚、特丁基对苯二酚、丙酸盐、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、苯甲酸盐、丁二酮、2，3戊二酮、乙基香兰素、乙二胺四乙酸、没食子酸丙酯中的一种或多种。
进一步的，所述pH调节剂为柠檬酸、酒石酸、硼酸、乙酸、草酸、己二酸、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、四硼酸钠、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸氢二钠、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化钙、氯化镁的中一种或多种。需要说明的是，本领域技术人员常用的pH调节剂均可用于本发明。
另一方面，本发明还提供一种上述清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂的制备方法，包括：
步骤1：将抗氧化剂、溶剂、乳化剂充分混合均匀；
步骤2：在搅拌条件下，加入润湿剂和pH调节剂混合30min，全部过程搅拌速度保持60转/min，搅拌均匀即可。
再一方面，本发明还提供一种上述清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂的使用方法，所述喷雾助剂在喷雾前以桶混形式添加到喷雾桶中，24h内全部喷完。
优选的，所述助剂在混合物中的质量百分比为0.1％-2％。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明中，特定配比的特定溶剂、乳化剂、润湿剂、抗氧化剂、pH调节剂的组合而成的喷雾助剂，具有破坏半翅目植食性农业害虫分泌物胶体分散相与连续相稳定性、降低其粘附性、增大流动性等优点，从而提高药液喷雾过程中药剂与靶标的接触程度，同时还具有增加药液润湿与铺展性能、减少药剂的使用量的优点。本发明产品可与农药杀虫剂、杀菌剂、除草剂、植物生长调节剂以及叶面肥混合使用，以桶混的形式添加到喷雾药液中，可提高农药的利用率，达到多重增效的作用性能，进而达到农药减量使用的目的，本发明涉及的产品对减少农药的使用具有明显的效果
具体实施方式
为使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合具体实施例进行详细描述。
实施例及对比例中所用试剂及材料，如无特殊说明，均可经过商业途径得到。
本发明提供一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂及其制备和使用方法，具体实施例如下。
实施例1
一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂，由以下重量份组分组成：水50重量份，丁二酸二异辛酯磺酸钠2重量份，乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐3重量份，月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠1重量份，苯甲酸盐1重量份，酒石酸0.01重量份。
上述清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂的制备方法：首先，将抗氧化剂、溶剂、乳化剂充分混合均匀；然后，在搅拌条件下，加入润湿剂和pH调节剂混合30min，全部过程搅拌速度保持60转/min，混合均匀即可。
实施例2
一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂，由以下重量份组分组成：二甲基亚砜20重量份，乙酸乙酯5重量份，水40重量份，乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐5重量份，琥珀酸双十二醇基磺酸钠2重量份，异构十三烷醇聚氧乙烯醚3重量份，月桂醇聚醚-2硫酸钠1重量份，亚硝酸盐3重量份，2，3戊二酮1重量份，没食子酸丙酯1重量份，硼酸0.5重量份，四硼酸钠0.5重量份。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂，由以下重量份组分组成：丙酮65重量份，乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐20重量份，二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠10重量份，烷基萘磺酸盐缩合物5重量份，二丁基奈磺酸钠5重量份，对羟基苯甲酸酯10重量份，山梨酸5重量份，二乙醇胺3重量份。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4
一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂，由以下重量份组分组成：乙醇30重量份，芳烃化合物40重量份，乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐30重量份，琥珀酸二癸基磺酸钠5重量份，PEG2000 5重量份，月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠5重量份，十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠5重量份、月桂醇聚醚-2硫酸钠3.5重量份，焦碳酸二乙酯6重量份，草酸0.5重量份。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例5
一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂，由以下重量份组分组成：水25重量份，二甲基亚砜30重量份，二恶烷30重量份，乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐10重量份，OP-10乳化剂10重量份，二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠10重量份，月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠15重量份，硝酸盐8重量份，柠檬酸3重量份，氯化镁2重量份。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例6
一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂，由以下重量份组分组成：水75重量份，乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐6重量份，二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠12重量份，十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠4重量份，没食子酸丙酯2重量份，柠檬酸4重量份。
实施例7
一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂，由以下重量份组分组成：水80重量份，乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐9重量份，二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠18重量份，十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠4重量份，月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠4重量份，没食子酸丙酯5重量份，柠檬酸3重量份。
为进一步突出本发明的有益效果，因篇幅有限，以实施例7为例构建如下对比例。
对比例1
将乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐替换为等量的二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠，其余条件与实施例7相同。
对比例2
将二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠替换为等量的乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐，其余条件与实施例7相同。
对比例3
乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐18重量份，二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠9重量份，其余条件与实施例7相同。
对比例4
乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐7重量份，二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠20重量份，其余条件与实施例7相同。
对比例5
将十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠替换为等量的月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠，其余条件与实施例7相同。
对比例6
将月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠替换为等量的十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠，其余条件与实施例7相同。
将上述实施例和对比例制备的喷雾助剂在喷雾前以桶混形式添加到喷雾桶中，与农药混合均匀，喷雾助剂在混合物中的质量百分比为0.1％-2.0％，24h内全部喷完即可。具体实验方法及实验结果如下：
药剂：1.8％阿维菌素EC，稀释浓度1000倍。
助剂：实施例1-7和对比例1-6制备助剂，分别稀释500/1000倍与药剂混配。
对照：不进行药液处理，喷洒等量的水。
并用JC2000-CG400型表面张力仪器测定其表面张力，结果见下表1。
表1
Figure GDA0003758345250000061
Figure GDA0003758345250000071
由上表结果可知，添加本发明制备的喷雾助剂，药液表面张力下降显著，具有良好的润湿铺展性能，增加了药液雾滴与靶标的接触程度；对本发明配方其中一个组分进行替换或对用量进行调整，表面张力降低能力变差，本发明各组分之间协同配合。
将采集来的梨木虱若虫粘液1g，以液滴的形式附着到梨树叶片上并称重，然后将叶片浸入稀释药液样品中5s后拔出，悬空静置，到叶片表面干燥并称重；计算清除率，计算公式为：清除率(％)＝(浸入样品前叶片质量-浸入后叶片质量)÷粘液质量×100％，结果见表2。
表2
Figure GDA0003758345250000081
由上表结果可知，应用本发明的农用喷雾助剂对梨木虱若虫分泌粘液的清除率均达到80％以上。上述实验结果表明，本发明对半翅目植食性农业害虫的分泌物，有着极为良好的清除能力；对本发明配方其中一个组分进行替换或对用量进行调整，对分泌物的清除能力有所下降。
综上可知，本发明通过特定的乳化剂与润湿剂、抗氧化剂、pH调节剂的协同作用，提高了药液药液润湿与铺展性能，提高农药的利用率，达到多重增效的作用性能。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂，其特征在于，由以下重量份的组分组成：水80重量份，乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐9重量份，二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠18重量份，十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠4重量份，月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠4重量份，没食子酸丙酯5重量份，柠檬酸3重量份。
2.权利要求1所述的清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
步骤1：将没食子酸丙酯、水、乙氧基化的三苯乙烯基苯酚磷酸钾盐、二辛基丁二酸磺酸钠充分混合均匀；
步骤2：在搅拌条件下，加入十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠和柠檬酸混合30min，全部过程搅拌速度保持60转/min，搅拌均匀即可。
3.权利要求1所述的清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂的使用方法，其特征在于，所述喷雾助剂在喷雾前以桶混形式添加到喷雾桶中，24h内全部喷完。
4.根据权利要求3所述的清除农业害虫分泌物喷雾助剂的使用方法，其特征在于，所述助剂在混合物中的质量百分比为 0.1%-2%。
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