CN113540799A - Rotary gradually-changed fold tuning antenna - Google Patents
Rotary gradually-changed fold tuning antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113540799A CN113540799A CN202110776638.4A CN202110776638A CN113540799A CN 113540799 A CN113540799 A CN 113540799A CN 202110776638 A CN202110776638 A CN 202110776638A CN 113540799 A CN113540799 A CN 113540799A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary gradient fold tuning antenna. The invention comprises a radiator metal layer, a rotatable corrugated metal component, a coaxial line and a rotation driving mechanism; the radiator metal layer is fixedly arranged right above the rotatable corrugated metal component, the radiator metal layer is connected with the coaxial line and then feeds power, the output end of the rotation driving mechanism is connected with the bottom surface of the rotatable corrugated metal component, and the rotation driving mechanism controls the rotation of the rotatable corrugated metal component. The radiator structure is fixed, the metal ground is adjusted in a mechanical mode to adjust the radiation characteristic, the antenna can be used for adjusting and correcting the working frequency of the antenna, adjusting the beam direction of the antenna and the antenna array and the like, the mechanism is simple, the adjustment flexibility is good, high-power antenna signals can be borne, and the antenna is an antenna design suitable for application scenes such as a 5G base station and the like which need high power and adjustable antenna parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a tunable low-profile antenna in the technical field of electronics, and particularly relates to a rotationally graded folded tuning antenna.
Background
With the development of wireless communication, reconfigurable antennas have gained attention due to their characteristic of being able to implement multiple functions on one antenna. In the microwave frequency range, the performance of the antenna can be adjusted by electrical adjustment and mechanical adjustment. The design of the adjustable antenna, such as a varactor, etc., can be achieved by incorporating adjustable electrical components in the radiating mechanism.
For low-profile antennas, in addition to the design of the radiator mechanism, some designs for improving the antenna performance through the ground plane mechanism are gradually appeared, and many periodic mechanisms are used for designing the antenna ground plane to improve the performance of the antenna in terms of volume, gain, directivity, impedance matching and the like, such as a frequency selective surface, a photonic band gap, a super surface and the like.
For mechanically adjusting the antenna, the adjustment of the operating frequency and the radiation characteristic of the antenna is usually achieved by adjusting the height and the angle of the radiator, and the like, and is often accompanied by a complicated mechanical structure design.
Therefore, a need exists for a simpler low-profile passively tuned antenna designed to handle the changing operating conditions and scenario requirements of wireless communications.
Disclosure of Invention
To address the problems and needs in the background art, the present invention provides a rotationally graded corrugated tuned antenna. The invention is composed of a radiator metal layer, a rotatable fold metal component, a coaxial line and a rotation driving mechanism, and realizes a rotary gradually-changed fold tuning antenna. According to the invention, the metal columns with different heights are arranged on the rotatable corrugated metal component, the angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component is adjusted by using the rotation driving mechanism, and the resonance state between the radiating body metal layer and the rotatable corrugated metal component is changed, so that the working frequency and the radiation characteristic of the antenna are changed, and the antenna has a good application prospect.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention comprises a radiator metal layer, a rotatable corrugated metal component, a coaxial line and a rotation driving mechanism;
the radiator metal layer is fixedly arranged right above the rotatable corrugated metal component, the radiator metal layer is connected with the coaxial line and then feeds power, the output end of the rotation driving mechanism is connected with the bottom surface of the rotatable corrugated metal component, and the rotation driving mechanism controls the rotation of the rotatable corrugated metal component.
The rotatable corrugated metal assembly comprises a circular metal sheet and a plurality of metal column arrays;
the metal column arrays are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the rotatable folding metal component, the metal column arrays are fixedly arranged on the circular metal sheet, the metal column arrays have the same structure, and specifically, the metal column arrays are fan-shaped arrays formed by arranging the metal columns on the circular metal sheet at equal intervals by taking the geometric center of the circular metal sheet as the center and according to a planar fan-shaped array mode; the metal columns in one metal column array are identical in size, the metal columns in different metal column arrays are different in height in a semicircle of the circular metal sheet, and the rest sizes are identical, so that when the rotatable corrugated metal assembly rotates around the circle center of the circular metal sheet, the height of the upper surface of the rotatable corrugated metal assembly is changed periodically.
The radiating body metal layer is symmetrically arranged around the center of a rotatable corrugated metal component, the radiating body metal layer is a metal sheet or a metal grid array, the metal grid array comprises a plurality of metal grid units, the side faces of the metal grid units in the middle of the metal grid array are sequentially spliced with the plurality of metal grid units, and the metal grid units in the metal grid array are integrally arranged in a plane grid mode.
The center of the rotatable corrugated metal component is provided with a through hole, and the upper end of the coaxial line is connected with the center of the radiating body metal layer after passing through the through hole and then feeds the bottom surface of the radiating body metal layer;
or the coaxial line is directly connected with one end of the radiator metal layer to feed the side surface of the radiator metal layer.
Setting a 0-degree reference line of the rotatable corrugated metal assembly, dividing a 0-360-degree area of the rotatable corrugated metal assembly into k fan-shaped areas, arranging a metal column array in each fan-shaped area, and setting the angle range of the fan-shaped area where the metal column array is located according to the following formula:
wherein, the angle _ range represents a sector angle of an area where the metal column array is located, and the range is 0-360 degrees; k is the total number of the required metal column arrays, the value range is k is more than or equal to 4, and k is an even number; n represents the serial number of the sector area in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction from the reference line of 0 °; height (n) represents the height of the metal pillar in the metal pillar array corresponding to the nth sector area; h is0The height of the metal column in the metal column array corresponding to the first fan-shaped area; h isstepIs the step value of the height of the metal column in the adjacent metal column array.
The sizes of the metal grid units are the same, and the metal grid units are set through the following formula:
wherein, sidelinggth is the side edge length of the metal grid unit, lambda0Tuning the free-space wavelength, f, at the intended operating frequency of the antenna for the corrugationsexpTuning the desired operating frequency of the antenna for the corrugations, c0The propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave in free space is 3 × 108m/s。
The transverse dimension and the spacing of the metal posts are set by the following formula:
wherein d ishorizon,maxIs the maximum transverse dimension of the metal pillar, gap is the spacing between the metal pillar and its adjacent metal pillar, λ0The free-space wavelength at the intended operating frequency of the antenna is tuned for the corrugations.
The output end of the rotation driving mechanism is a gear, gears are distributed on the outer edge of the lower surface of the metal assembly in the rotatable folding mode, the gear at the output end of the rotation driving mechanism is meshed with the gears distributed on the outer edge of the lower surface of the metal assembly in the rotatable folding mode to form a gear rotating pair, and the rotation driving mechanism controls the metal assembly in the rotatable folding mode to rotate through the gear rotating pair, so that the angle of the metal assembly in the rotatable folding mode is adjusted.
The radiation characteristic of the folded tuning antenna is adjusted by changing the angle of the rotatable folded metal component, and the folded tuning antenna specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a 0-degree reference line of the rotatable corrugated metal assembly, dividing a 0-360-degree area of the rotatable corrugated metal assembly into k fan-shaped areas, arranging a metal column array in each fan-shaped area, determining an area angle of each metal column array, an area angle of the rotatable corrugated metal assembly currently projected by the radiator metal layer and an area angle of the rotatable corrugated metal assembly required to be projected by the radiator metal layer, and specifically setting the reference line by the following formula:
wherein Angle is the area Angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component required to be projected by the radiator metal layer, frTuning an operating frequency of the antenna for the fold; d is the diameter of the metal column in the area angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component required to be projected by the radiator metal layer; h is the height of the metal column in the area angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component required to be projected by the radiator metal layer; a. the1Is a first multiplication coefficient; a. the2Is a second multiplication coefficient; a. the3Is a third multiplication coefficient; a. the4Is a fourth multiplication coefficient; b is1Is a first summation constant; b is2As a second summation constant, a first multiplication coefficient A1A second multiplication coefficient A2The third multiplication coefficient A3Fourth multiplication coefficient A4First summation constant B1And a second summation constant B2The metal columns are arranged according to the distance between the metal columns, and the distance between the metal columns is d-3 d; lambda [ alpha ]0Tuning the free-space wavelength at the intended operating frequency of the antenna for the corrugations, c0The propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave in free space is 3 × 108m/s；h0The height of the metal column in the metal column array corresponding to the first fan-shaped area; h isstepThe step value of the height of the metal columns in the adjacent metal column array is shown, and k is the total number of the required metal column arrays.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:
the invention adjusts the angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component by rotating the driving mechanism, changes the resonance state between the radiator metal layer and the rotatable corrugated metal component, and further changes the working frequency and the radiation characteristic of the antenna.
The radiator structure is fixed, the metal ground is adjusted in a mechanical mode to adjust the radiation characteristic, the antenna can be used for adjusting and correcting the working frequency of an antenna, adjusting the beam direction of the antenna and an antenna array and the like, the mechanism is simple, the adjustment flexibility is good, high-power antenna signals can be borne, and the antenna structure is applicable to application scenes such as a 5G base station and the like which need high power and adjustable antenna parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotatable corrugated metal component of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal layer of a radiator according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection between the metal grid array and the coaxial cable according to the present invention;
fig. 4 (a) is a schematic connection diagram of bottom surface feeding;
fig. 4 (B) is a schematic connection diagram of side feeding;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the area angle of a rotationally corrugated metal component on the operating frequency of an antenna;
fig. 6 is a graph illustrating the trend of the area angle of a rotatably corrugated metal component on the far field radiation pattern of an antenna.
In the figure: the device comprises a radiator metal layer 1, a rotatable corrugated metal component 2, a coaxial line 3, a rotation driving mechanism 4, a metal grid array 11, a metal grid unit 111, a circular metal sheet 21, a metal column array 22 and a metal column 221.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes a radiator metal layer 1, a circular rotatable corrugated metal assembly 2, a coaxial line 3 and a rotation driving mechanism 4;
the radiator metal layer 1 is fixedly installed right above the rotatable corrugated metal component 2, the radiator metal layer 1 and the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 are arranged at intervals, the height interval between the radiator metal layer and the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 of the radiator metal layer 1 is 10mm in the embodiment, the radiator metal layer 1 is connected with the coaxial line 3 and then feeds power, the output end of the rotation driving mechanism 4 is connected with the bottom surface of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2, and the rotation driving mechanism 4 controls the rotation of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2. The height of the corrugated tuned antenna is 20 mm. The height of the corrugated tuning antenna refers to the total height of the corrugated tuning antenna main body structure consisting of the radiating metal layer 1, the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 and the rotation driving mechanism 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the rotatably corrugated metal assembly 2 includes a circular metal sheet 21 and a plurality of metal pillar arrays 22;
the metal column arrays 22 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2, the number of the metal column arrays 22 is even, the metal column arrays 22 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the circular metal sheet 21, the structures of the metal column arrays 22 are the same, and specifically, the metal column arrays 221 are fan-shaped arrays which are formed by arranging the metal columns 221 on the upper surface of the circular metal sheet 21 at equal intervals in a planar fan-shaped array mode by taking the geometric center of the circular metal sheet 21 as the center; the sector angle of the sector array is at least 30 degrees, in a specific implementation, the sector angle is set according to the radiator metal layer 1, the sizes of the metal pillars 221 in one metal pillar array 22 are completely the same, the heights of the metal pillars 221 in different metal pillar arrays 22 are different in a semicircle of the circular metal sheet 21, and the remaining sizes are completely the same, so that when the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 rotates around the center of the circular metal sheet 21, the height of the upper surface of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 periodically changes, and thus the operating frequency of the corrugated tuning antenna periodically changes. In the present embodiment, the circular metal piece 21 has a diameter of 200mm and a thickness of 5 mm. The metal pillar 221 is a cylinder, and the metal pillar 221 has the same diameter, which is 5 mm.
Setting a 0-degree reference line of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2, dividing a 0-360-degree area of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 into k fan-shaped areas, wherein one metal column array 22 is arranged in each fan-shaped area, and the angle range of the fan-shaped area where the metal column array 22 is located is set by the following formula:
wherein, angle _ range represents the sector angle of the region where one metal column array 22 is located, and the range is 0 to 360 degrees; k is the total number of the required metal column arrays 22, namely the total number of the fan-shaped areas, and the value range is that k is more than or equal to 4, and k is an even number; n represents the serial number of the sector area in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction from the reference line of 0 °; height (n) represents the height of the metal pillar 221 in the metal pillar array 22 corresponding to the nth sector region; h is0The height of the metal pillar 221 in the metal pillar array 22 corresponding to the first sector area; h isstepIs a step value of the height of the metal pillar 221 in the adjacent metal pillar array 22, i.e. an increasing value of the height of the metal pillar 221 in the adjacent metal pillar array 22 in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.
In specific implementation, k is 12, h0The value is 1 mm; h isstepIf the value is 1mm, the height of the metal pillar 221 is set as follows:
height＝1,0≤angle_range＜30,180≤angle_range＜210
height＝2,30≤angle_range＜60,210≤angle_range＜240
height＝3,60≤angle_range＜90,240≤angle_range＜270
height＝4,90≤angle_range＜120,270≤angle_range＜300
height＝5,120≤angle_range＜150,300≤angle_range＜330
height＝6,150≤angle_range＜180,330≤angle_range＜360
wherein the height unit is millimeter.
As shown in fig. 3, the radiator metal layer 1 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2, the radiator metal layer 1 is a metal sheet or a metal grid array 11, the metal sheet is a complete piece, the metal grid array 11 includes a plurality of metal grid cells 111, the side surfaces of the metal grid cells 111 in the middle of the metal grid array 11 are sequentially spliced with the plurality of metal grid cells 111, the adjacent metal grid cells 111 are spliced with each other at the side surfaces, and the metal grid cells 111 in the metal grid array 11 are integrally arranged in a planar grid manner. The shape of the metal grid unit 111 may be any polygon, typically, in this embodiment, the shape of the metal grid unit 111 is a square, the side length of the metal grid unit 111 is 20mm, the metal width of the edge of the metal grid unit is 1mm, the thickness of the metal grid unit 111 is 0.2mm, adjacent metal grid units are tightly connected, and the metal grid units are arranged in a manner that one metal grid unit and two metal grid units are staggered in one direction on a horizontal plane. The projection range of the radiator metal layer 1 only covers a partial area of the metal pillar array 22.
As shown in fig. 4, a through hole is opened in the center of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2, the upper end of the coaxial line 3 is connected to the center of the radiator metal layer 1 through the through hole and then feeds power to the bottom of the radiator metal layer 1, at this time, the metal grid unit 111 is of a solid structure, and the coaxial line 3 is not in contact with the rotatable corrugated metal component 2; or the coaxial line 3 is directly connected with one end of the radiator metal layer 1 to feed the side of the radiator metal layer 1. The characteristic impedance of the coaxial line 3 is 50 ohms.
The metal grid units 111 have the same size, the side length of the side surface of each metal grid unit 111 is smaller than the free space wavelength of the folded tuning antenna under the working frequency and larger than one fourth of the free space wavelength, and the free space wavelength is set through the following formula:
wherein, sidelinggth is the side length of the metal grid unit 111, lambda0Tuning the free-space wavelength at the intended operating frequency of the antenna for the corrugations,fexptuning the desired operating frequency of the antenna for the corrugations, c0The propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave in free space is 3 × 108m/s。
The lateral dimensions and spacing of the metal studs 221 are set by the following equations:
wherein d ishorizon,maxIs the maximum lateral dimension of the metal pillar 221, gap is the spacing between the metal pillar 221 and its adjacent metal pillar, λ0The free-space wavelength at the intended operating frequency of the antenna is tuned for the corrugations.
The rotation driving mechanism 4 is a device with the angle direction adjusting capability, the output end of the rotation driving mechanism 4 is a gear, gears are distributed on the outer edge of the lower surface of the metal component 2 capable of rotating the folds, the gear at the output end of the rotation driving mechanism 4 is meshed with the gears distributed on the outer edge of the lower surface of the metal component 2 capable of rotating the folds to form a gear rotating pair, and the rotation driving mechanism 4 controls the metal component 2 capable of rotating the folds to rotate through the gear rotating pair, so that the angle adjustment of the metal component 2 capable of rotating the folds is realized. The radiation characteristic of the corrugated tuning antenna is affected by the height of the metal column 221 below the radiator metal layer 1, and is adjusted by changing the angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2, specifically:
setting a 0-degree reference line of the metal component 2 with rotatable folds, dividing a 0-360-degree area of the metal component 2 with rotatable folds into k fan-shaped areas, arranging one metal column array 22 in each fan-shaped area, determining an area angle of each metal column array 22, an area angle of the metal component 2 with rotatable folds currently projected by the radiator metal layer 1, and an area angle of the metal component 2 with rotatable folds required to be projected by the radiator metal layer 1, and specifically setting by the following formula:
wherein Angle is the area Angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 to be projected by the radiator metal layer 1, frTuning an operating frequency of the antenna for the fold; d is the diameter of the metal column 221 in the area angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 to be projected by the radiator metal layer 1; h is the height of the metal column 221 in the area angle of the rotatable corrugated ground metal component 2 required to be projected by the radiator metal layer 1; a. the1The value of the first multiplication coefficient in this embodiment is 1.2 × 105；A2The second multiplication coefficient is 5 × 10 in this embodiment-6；A3The value of the third multiplication coefficient in this embodiment is 1.427 × 10-8；A4The value of the fourth multiplication coefficient in this embodiment is 2 × 104；B1The first summation constant is 3.5 × 10 in this embodiment-5；B2A second summation constant, in this example having a value of 48, a first multiplication factor A1A second multiplication coefficient A2The third multiplication coefficient A3Fourth multiplication coefficient A4First summation constant B1And a second summation constant B2The metal columns 221 are arranged according to the distance between the metal columns 221, and the distance between the metal columns 221 ranges from d to 3 d; lambda [ alpha ]0Tuning the free-space wavelength at the intended operating frequency of the antenna for the corrugations, c0The propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave in free space is 3 × 108m/s；h0The height of the metal pillar 221 in the metal pillar array 22 corresponding to the first sector area; h isstepFor the metal posts in the adjacent metal post array 22The step value of 221 height, k being the total number of required metal pillar arrays 22; the spacing between the metal pillars 221 in this embodiment ranges from 7.8mm to 10 mm. Through the determination of the required area angle Ang, the corresponding metal column array 22 serial number is obtained, the determination of the metal column array 22 serial number is obtained, the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 is rotated to enable the radiator metal layer 1 to project on the required area of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2, and therefore the working frequency f of the corrugated tuning antenna is changedrTuning the operating frequency f of the antenna with the corrugationsrThe radiation pattern at a particular frequency may change, while the optimum operating frequency of the rugate tuned antenna may shift.
The radiation pattern of the folded tuned antenna is set by changing the angle of the rotatable folded metal component 2; in this embodiment, the height distribution of the metal pillar array 22 on the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 is centrosymmetric, and the angular adjustment range of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 is 0 to 180 degrees. The radiator metal layer 1 covers only a partial area of the metal pillar array 22, and when the angle of the rotatably folded metal assembly 2 is changed, the heights of the metal pillars 221 below the radiator metal layer 1 are different, and the distribution of the null points in the antenna radiation pattern and the beam angle are changed accordingly.
Fig. 5 shows a trend of the effect of the angle of the metal component of the rotatable fold on the operating frequency of the antenna. The radiation pattern of the antenna is influenced by the height of the metal stud 221 below the radiator metal layer 1. When the height of the corresponding metal column 221 below the metal grid array 11 is defined as 6mm, the position of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 is an initial angle, the angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 is adjusted to be changed between 30 and 150 degrees, and the angles of the radiator metal layer 1 and the coaxial line 3 are kept unchanged, it can be seen that the operating frequency of the corrugated tuned antenna ranges from 2.2GHz to 2.45GHz according to the difference in the height of the corresponding metal column 221 below the radiator metal layer 1 as the angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component 2 is changed.
The far-field radiation of the antenna is influenced by the height of the metal columns of the metal grid array below, and the angle of the metal component 2 capable of rotating and folding is adjusted by rotating the driving mechanism 4, so that the metal columns 221 with different heights are arranged below the metal grid array 11, and the far-field radiation characteristic of the antenna is changed. Fig. 6 shows a trend of the influence of the angle of the rotatably corrugated metal assembly 2 on the far field radiation of the antenna, and by setting the angle of the rotatably corrugated metal assembly 2 at 60 ° and 90 °, the beam angle of the antenna radiating at 2.45GHz can be adjusted, and the adjustment range of the beam angle can reach 15 °.
In the above, the present invention realizes a rotationally graded corrugated tuned antenna. The radiation characteristic of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A rotary graded corrugated tuned antenna, characterized by: the coaxial cable comprises a radiator metal layer (1), a rotatable corrugated metal component (2), a coaxial cable (3) and a rotation driving mechanism (4);
the radiating body metal layer (1) is fixedly arranged right above the rotatable corrugated metal component (2), the radiating body metal layer (1) is fed after being connected with the coaxial line (3), the output end of the rotation driving mechanism (4) is connected with the bottom surface of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2), and the rotation driving mechanism (4) controls the rotation of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2).
2. A rotary graded corrugated tuned antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the rotatably corrugated metal assembly (2) comprises a circular metal sheet (21) and a plurality of metal pillar arrays (22);
the metal column arrays (22) are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2), the metal column arrays (22) are fixedly mounted on the circular metal sheet (21), the structures of the metal column arrays (22) are the same, and specifically, the metal column arrays (221) are fan-shaped arrays which are formed by arranging the metal columns (221) on the circular metal sheet (21) at equal intervals in a planar fan-shaped array mode by taking the geometric center of the circular metal sheet (21) as the center; the metal columns (221) in one metal column array (22) are identical in size, the heights of the metal columns (221) of different metal column arrays (22) are different in a semicircle of the circular metal sheet (21), and the rest sizes are identical, so that the heights of the upper surfaces of the metal assemblies (2) capable of rotating the corrugations are periodically changed when the metal assemblies (2) capable of rotating the corrugations rotate around the center of the circular metal sheet (21).
3. A rotary graded corrugated tuned antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the radiator metal layer (1) is symmetrically arranged about the circle center of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2), the radiator metal layer (1) is a metal sheet or a metal grid array (11), the metal grid array (11) comprises a plurality of metal grid units (111), the side faces of the metal grid units (111) in the middle of the metal grid array (11) are sequentially spliced with the plurality of metal grid units (111), and the metal grid units (111) in the metal grid array (11) are integrally arranged in a plane grid mode.
4. A rotary graded corrugated tuned antenna according to claim 1, wherein: a through hole is formed in the center of the rotatable folding ground metal component (2), the upper end of the coaxial line (3) passes through the through hole and then is connected with the center of the radiating body metal layer (1) to feed the bottom surface of the radiating body metal layer (1);
or the coaxial line (3) is directly connected with one end of the radiator metal layer (1) to feed the side surface of the radiator metal layer (1).
5. A rotary graded corrugated tuned antenna according to claim 2, wherein:
setting a 0-degree reference line of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2), dividing a 0-360-degree area of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2) into k fan-shaped areas, wherein each fan-shaped area is provided with one metal column array (22), and the angular range of the fan-shaped area where the metal column array (22) is located is set by the following formula:
wherein, angle _ range represents the sector angle of the area where one metal column array (22) is located, and the range is 0-360 degrees; k is the total number of the required metal column arrays (22), the value range is k is more than or equal to 4, and k is an even number; n represents the serial number of the sector area in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction from the reference line of 0 °; height (n) represents the height of the metal pillar (221) in the metal pillar array (22) corresponding to the nth sector area; h is0The height of the metal column (221) in the metal column array (22) corresponding to the first fan-shaped area; h isstepIs the step value of the height of the metal column (221) in the adjacent metal column array (22).
6. A rotary graded corrugated tuned antenna according to claim 3, wherein: the sizes of the metal grid units (111) are the same, and the metal grid units are set through the following formula:
wherein, sidelinggth is the side edge length of the metal grid unit (111), and lambda is0Tuning the free-space wavelength, f, at the intended operating frequency of the antenna for the corrugationsexpTuning the desired operating frequency of the antenna for the corrugations, c0The propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave in free space is 3 × 108m/s。
7. A rotary graded corrugated tuned antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the lateral dimension and spacing of the metal pillars (221) are set by the following formula:
wherein d ishorizon,maxIs the maximum transverse dimension of the metal pillar (221), gap is the spacing between the metal pillar (221) and its adjacent metal pillar, λ0The free-space wavelength at the intended operating frequency of the antenna is tuned for the corrugations.
8. A rotary graded corrugated tuned antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the output end of the rotation driving mechanism (4) is a gear, gears are distributed on the outer edge of the lower surface of the metal component (2) in the rotatable folding mode, the gear at the output end of the rotation driving mechanism (4) is meshed with the gears distributed on the outer edge of the lower surface of the metal component (2) in the rotatable folding mode to form a gear rotating pair, and the rotation driving mechanism (4) controls the metal component (2) in the rotatable folding mode to rotate through the gear rotating pair, so that the angle of the metal component (2) in the rotatable folding mode can be adjusted.
9. A rotary graded corrugated tuned antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the radiation characteristic of the corrugated tuning antenna is adjusted by changing the angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2), and specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a 0-degree reference line of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2), dividing a 0-360-degree area of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2) into k fan-shaped areas, arranging one metal column array (22) in each fan-shaped area, determining an area angle of each metal column array (22), an area angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2) currently projected by the radiator metal layer (1) and an area angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2) required to be projected by the radiator metal layer (1), and specifically setting by the following formula:
wherein Angle is the area Angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2) required to be projected by the radiator metal layer (1), frTuning an operating frequency of the antenna for the fold; d is the diameter of the metal column (221) in the area angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2) required to be projected by the radiator metal layer (1); h is the height of the metal column (221) in the area angle of the rotatable corrugated metal component (2) required to be projected by the radiator metal layer (1); a. the1Is a first multiplication coefficient; a. the2Is a second multiplication coefficient; a. the3Is a third multiplication coefficient; a. the4Is a fourth multiplication coefficient; b is1Is a first summation constant; b is2As a second summation constant, a first multiplication coefficient A1A second multiplication coefficient A2The third multiplication coefficient A3Fourth multiplication coefficient A4First summation constant B1And a second summation constant B2Are all based on metal posts (221) The distance between the metal columns is set, and the value of the distance between the metal columns (221) is d-3 d; lambda [ alpha ]0Tuning the free-space wavelength at the intended operating frequency of the antenna for the corrugations, c0The propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave in free space is 3 × 108m/s；h0The height of the metal column (221) in the metal column array (22) corresponding to the first fan-shaped area; h isstepK is the step value of the height of the metal columns (221) in the adjacent metal column array (22), and is the total number of the required metal column array (22).
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