CN113533438B - In-situ testing device and testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials and a testing method thereof, comprising a testing unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected to the data processing unit, the testing unit is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit, the testing unit comprises an adjustable speed motor, a testing electrode, a sample table for placing at least a sample to be tested and a power supply, the testing electrode is fixedly connected to the adjustable speed motor, the testing electrode is arranged above the sample to be tested, and when it is in the first station, it can contact the sample to be tested and generate friction and burning. The in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials provided by the present invention uses low voltage friction arcing to start burning, which is more similar to the working environment of electrical contact materials under application conditions such as electric vehicles and charging devices, and periodic friction arcing is achieved by rotating a swing arm, which can avoid the interference of burning caused by wear debris, and at the same time provides better feasibility for recording and collecting real-time data.

Description

In-situ testing device and testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical materials, and in particular relates to an in-situ testing device and a testing method for friction arc burning of an electrical contact material.

Background technique

During the electrical contact process, when the contact interface of two conductors changes from separation to contact or from contact to separation, an arc will be generated between the two under certain conditions. High-energy, high-temperature arcs will melt and damage the surface of the contact material, deteriorate the material properties, and reduce the service life of the material. Therefore, the arc ablation process of electrical contact materials is crucial to evaluating the service life of electrical contact materials.

At present, the arc erosion performance test of electrical contact materials mainly focuses on the arc erosion behavior of pressurized contact, mainly targeting the electrical contact materials of high-voltage circuits, with the goal of increasing contact force to reduce arc burning. With the development of electric vehicles and their corresponding charging pile industries, arcs caused by vehicle vibration and friction are inevitable. It is difficult to evaluate this type of arc damage and its impact on safety performance using the original evaluation method. There are also tests of arc erosion performance with charged friction tests in China, which simply connect the friction and wear test to the power supply for reciprocating testing, and measure the final mass burn and volume burn. However, this method cannot effectively reflect the arc energy generated by the electrical contact material. On the other hand, it cannot effectively remove the negative impact of wear debris on arc erosion, and cannot evaluate the arc resistance of electrical contact materials.

Therefore, based on the needs of the electric vehicle industry, constructing a friction arc testing method has important practical significance.

Summary of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an in-situ testing device and a testing method for friction arc burning of electric contact materials, so as to overcome the shortcomings existing in the prior art.

To achieve the aforementioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

An embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials, comprising a testing unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected to the data processing unit, and the testing unit is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit; wherein the testing unit comprises an adjustable speed motor, a testing electrode, a sample table for placing at least a sample to be tested, and a power supply, wherein the testing electrode is fixedly connected to the adjustable speed motor, the testing electrode is arranged above the sample to be tested, and when the testing electrode is in a first position, it can contact the sample to be tested and generate friction and burning.

In the present technical solution, the first working position refers to the position when the lower end of the test electrode is in vertical contact with the surface of the sample to be tested.

Furthermore, the data acquisition unit includes a circuit consisting of a voltage measuring device, a current measuring device and a power supply, and a compensation circuit, and the compensation circuit is at least used to achieve simultaneous testing of voltage and current.

Furthermore, the data processing unit is at least used to record data and voltage, current and arc curves in real time.

Furthermore, the test electrode is a tungsten electrode.

Furthermore, one end of the test electrode in contact with the sample to be tested has a hemispherical structure.

Furthermore, the adjustable speed motor is also provided with a motor turntable, and a limit block is provided on the motor turntable and is connected to a pressure sensor to limit the position and initial contact state of the test electrode.

Furthermore, the testing unit also includes a sample fixing device, which is at least used to limit the position of the sample to be tested.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides an in-situ testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials, comprising:

Providing an in-situ testing device for the friction arc burning of the aforementioned electrical contact material;

Fixing the sample to be tested on the sample stage, and electrically connecting the sample to be tested, the test electrode and a power supply;

The power supply is powered on, and in the equal voltage mode, by adjusting the voltage, current, and rotation speed of the test electrode, the test electrode is in contact with the sample to be tested and generates friction and burning when in the first position, and the voltage, current and arc curve are recorded in real time, thereby completing the in-situ test of friction arc burning of the electrical contact material.

Furthermore, the in-situ testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials specifically comprises: connecting the sample to be tested to the negative electrode of a power source, and connecting the testing electrode to the positive electrode of the power source.

Furthermore, the in-situ testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials also includes: achieving in-situ testing for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials by adjusting the pulse width and frequency of the power supply, or by changing the friction frequency.

Furthermore, the preparation method further comprises: after the test is completed, calculating the ablation mass, and measuring the ablation depth and ablation volume.

Furthermore, the in-situ testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials further includes: before testing, polishing and cleaning the surface of the sample to be tested.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The present invention uses low-voltage friction arc burning, which is more similar to the working environment of electrical contact materials, and realizes periodic friction arc by rotating the swing arm, which can avoid the burning interference caused by wear chips, and at the same time provides better feasibility for recording and collecting real-time data. In addition, the friction arc burning tested by the method of the present invention better reflects the arc resistance of the electrical contact material, and its safety assessment is more accurate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials in one embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test unit in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a morphology diagram of the sample after ablation in Example 2.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the scratch depth distribution on the ablated surface of the sample in Example 2.

FIG. 5 is a morphology diagram of the sample after ablation in Example 3.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the scratch depth distribution on the ablated surface of the sample of Example 3.

FIG. 7 is a morphology diagram of the sample after ablation in Example 4.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the scratch depth distribution on the ablated surface of the sample of Example 4.

FIG. 9 is a graph of sampling data of a test of 20 ms at a voltage of 16 V and a current of 2 A in one embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 10 is a sample morphology diagram of the friction and wear test corresponding to the comparative example.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the scratch depth distribution of samples subjected to friction and wear tests corresponding to the comparative example.

Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Test unit, 11. Adjustable speed motor, 12. Sample stage, 121. Negative contact point, 122. Shock-absorbing spring, 13. Motor turntable, 14. Tungsten electrode, 15. Sample fixture, 2. Data acquisition unit, 3. Data processing unit, 4. Sample to be tested, 5. Limit block, 6. Pressure sensor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be more fully understood through the following detailed description, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are only exemplary of the present invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the specific functional details disclosed herein should not be interpreted as limiting, but only as the basis of the claims and as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to adopt the present invention in different ways in virtually any appropriate detailed embodiment.

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventor of this case, after long-term research and practice, proposed an in-situ testing device and testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials, which generates arc burning through low-voltage charged friction and realizes periodic friction arc through rotating swing arms, which can avoid the interference of burning caused by wear debris, and at the same time provide better feasibility for recording and collecting real-time data, and adopt low-voltage DC power supply, which is more comparable with relevant application environments such as electric vehicles. The technical solution of the present invention will be explained in more detail as follows.

One aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials, comprising a testing unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected to the data processing unit, and the testing unit is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit; wherein the testing unit comprises an adjustable speed motor, a testing electrode, a sample table for placing at least a sample to be tested, and a power supply, wherein the testing electrode is fixedly connected to the adjustable speed motor, the testing electrode is arranged above the sample to be tested, and when the testing electrode is in a first position, it can contact the sample to be tested and generate friction and burning.

In some preferred embodiments, the data acquisition unit includes a circuit consisting of a voltage measuring device, a current measuring device and a power supply, and a compensation circuit, wherein the compensation circuit is at least used to achieve simultaneous testing of voltage and current.

In some more preferred embodiments, the power supply may include a direct current power supply, but is not limited thereto.

In some preferred embodiments, the data processing unit is at least used to record data and voltage, current and arc curves in real time.

In some preferred embodiments, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected to the test electrode, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected to the sample to be tested.

In some preferred embodiments, the test electrode is a tungsten electrode.

In some more preferred embodiments, the end of the test electrode in contact with the sample to be tested has a hemispherical structure. Preferably, the diameter of the hemispherical structure is 2-8 mm.

In some preferred embodiments, the adjustable speed motor is further provided with a motor turntable, on which a limit block is provided and connected to a pressure sensor to limit the position and initial contact state of the test electrode.

In some more preferred embodiments, the test unit further comprises a sample fixing device, at least for limiting the position of the sample to be tested; preferably, the sample fixing device comprises a sample clamp.

In some more preferred embodiments, the sample stage may be a sample stage with copper contacts and shock-absorbing springs from top to bottom, but is not limited thereto.

Another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ testing method for friction arc burning of an electrical contact material, comprising:

Providing an in-situ testing device for the friction arc burning of the electrical contact material;

Fixing the sample to be tested on the sample stage, and electrically connecting the sample to be tested, the test electrode and a power supply;

The power supply is powered on, and in the equal voltage mode, by adjusting the voltage, current, and rotation speed of the test electrode, the test electrode is in contact with the sample to be tested and generates friction and burning when in the first position, and the voltage, current and arc curve are recorded in real time, thereby completing the in-situ test of friction arc burning of the electrical contact material.

In some preferred embodiments, the voltage is 1-50V, the current is 0.5-20A, and the rotation speed of the test electrode is 0.5-10Hz.

In some preferred embodiments, the in-situ testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials is characterized in that it specifically includes: connecting the sample to be tested to the negative electrode of a power supply, and connecting the test electrode to the positive electrode of the power supply.

In some preferred embodiments, the sample to be tested is prepared from an electrical contact material; preferably, the sample to be tested is in the form of a plate, strip or block.

In some preferred embodiments, the length of the sample to be tested is greater than 15 mm, the width is greater than 10 mm, and the thickness is less than 10 mm.

In some preferred embodiments, the in-situ testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials further includes: achieving in-situ testing of friction arc burning of electrical contact materials by adjusting the pulse width and frequency of the power supply, or by changing the friction frequency.

In some preferred embodiments, the preparation method further comprises: after the test is completed, calculating the ablation mass, and measuring the ablation depth and ablation volume.

In some preferred embodiments, the in-situ testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials further comprises: before testing, grinding and cleaning the surface of the sample to be tested;

Preferably, the cleaning agent used for the cleaning includes deionized water and anhydrous ethanol.

This method is not only applicable to the in-situ testing of samples of this specification, but can also be used for plate, strip and block materials of other different sizes.

The process parameters of this experiment can not only adjust the power pulse width and frequency, but also achieve the same effect by changing the friction frequency.

Among them, in some more specific implementation cases, the in-situ testing device and testing method for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials provided by the present invention specifically include the following steps:

The device of the invention mainly consists of three parts: a testing unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit (Figure 1).

The test unit consists of an adjustable speed motor, a test electrode, a sample table and a DC power supply (Figure 2). The test electrode is a tungsten electrode fixed on the sample plate configured by the motor, and the lower end is a hemisphere with a diameter of 2-8mm. The sample is a plate or block sample made of electrical contact material, with a length of not less than 15mm, a width of not less than 10mm, and a thickness of not more than 10mm.

The data acquisition unit uses a circuit composed of a high-precision voltmeter and an ammeter, and is equipped with a compensation circuit to achieve simultaneous testing of voltage and current. The data processing unit uses independent programming to achieve real-time data and voltage, current, and arc curve recording.

Figure 9 is a sampling data diagram of a 20ms test at a voltage of 16V and a current of 2A, with a sampling frequency of 1000n. During the test, the surface of the sample is first polished and cleaned to make its surface flat, clean and dry without an oxide layer and obvious large scratches. Then the sample is clamped on the sample table and fixed, and the sample height and electrode position are measured. Connect the sample and the test circuit, set the power supply output current and the electrode speed, and start testing the friction arc. The current, voltage, and arc data of the real-time arc can give the arc resistance under certain friction conditions. The mass change, wear marks, and ablation pit measurements of the tested samples can give the anti-ablation performance index. Moreover, this data can be compared with the wear mark data of the friction and wear experiment, thereby removing the influence of friction and wear, directly giving the material loss caused by arcing, and providing a reliable basis for material life calculation.

In summary, the friction arc burning in the embodiment of the present invention is more similar to the working environment of the electrical contact materials used in electric vehicles, charging devices, etc., and the periodic friction arc is realized by rotating the swing arm, which can avoid the burning interference caused by wear chips and provide better feasibility for recording and collecting real-time data. In addition, the friction arc burning tested by the method of the embodiment of the present invention can be compared with the wear mark data of the friction and wear experiment, which intuitively reflects the arc resistance of the electrical contact material and makes its safety assessment more accurate.

Example 1

Referring to FIG1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials, comprising a testing unit 1, a data acquisition unit 2 and a data processing unit 3, wherein the data acquisition unit 2 is connected to the data processing unit 3, and the testing unit 1 is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit 2. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the testing unit 1 comprises an adjustable speed motor 11, a tungsten electrode 14, a sample table 12 for at least placing a sample 4 to be tested, and a DC power supply, wherein the sample table 12 has a negative contact point 121 and a shock-absorbing spring 122 arranged from top to bottom; the tungsten electrode 14 is fixedly connected to the adjustable speed motor 11, the tungsten electrode 14 is arranged above the sample 4 to be tested, and the tungsten electrode 14 can contact the sample 4 to be tested and generate friction and burning when in the first working position; in this embodiment, the end of the tungsten electrode 14 that contacts the sample 4 to be tested has a hemispherical structure, and the diameter of the hemispherical structure is 4 mm.

The adjustable speed motor 11 is also provided with a motor turntable 13, on which a limit block 5 is provided and connected to a pressure sensor 6, for limiting the position and initial contact state of the tungsten electrode 14. The test unit 1 also includes a sample fixture 15, at least for limiting the position of the sample 4 to be tested.

During the implementation process, the data acquisition unit 2 includes a circuit consisting of a voltage measuring device, a current measuring device and a DC power supply, and a compensation circuit, and the compensation circuit is at least used to realize simultaneous testing of voltage and current; the data processing unit 3 adopts autonomous programming, at least to record data and voltage, current and arc curves in real time.

Example 2

The test was carried out using the in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials in Example 1. The sample 4 to be tested was made of cast Cu-Te alloy. First, a block sample with a length, width and height of 45 mm × 16 mm × 8 mm was cut from the ingot using electric spark wire cutting. The test surface was then ground and polished with sandpaper. After that, it was cleaned and dried with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol in turn, and then weighed and waited for testing.

The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12 and the sample to be tested is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the tungsten electrode 14 device is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. Turn on the power supply and set the voltage. The voltage can be adjusted according to actual needs, including whether to start the arc, the arc energy, and the application environment. In this embodiment, the voltage is set to 10V. Turn on the motor power supply and adjust the speed. The speed can be adjusted according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the speed is about 1r/s. Record the voltage, current and arc curve in real time during the test.

After the test, the sample 4 to be tested is removed and weighed on a precision electronic balance to calculate the burnt mass. The morphology of the sample after ablation is photographed with a 3D optical profiler, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , and the ablation depth, ablation volume and other data are measured.

Through calculation, in this embodiment, the burnt amount is about 0.2 mg, the burnt volume is about 1.06×10 ^-2 mm ³ , and the burnt depth is 20.7 μm.

Example 3

The test was carried out using the in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials in Example 1. The sample 4 to be tested was a cold-rolled high-strength Cu-Zn-Sn-Ni-Co-Si alloy strip. First, electric spark wire cutting was used to cut a strip sample with a length, width and height of 45 mm × 10 mm × 0.6 mm from the ingot. The test surface was polished and then cleaned and dried with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and then weighed and waited for testing.

The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12 and the sample to be tested is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the tungsten electrode 14 device is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. Turn on the power supply and set the voltage. The voltage can be adjusted according to actual needs, including whether to start the arc, the arc energy, and the application environment. In this embodiment, the voltage is set to 10V. Turn on the motor power supply and adjust the speed. The speed can be adjusted according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the speed is the same as in Example 2.

After the test, the sample 4 to be tested is removed and weighed on a precision electronic balance to calculate the burnt mass. The morphology of the sample after ablation is photographed with a 3D optical profilometer, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , and the ablation depth, ablation volume and other data are measured.

Through calculation, in this embodiment, the burnt amount is about 0.2 mg, the burnt volume is about 1.36×10 ^-2 mm ³ , and the burnt depth is 51.9 μm.

Example 4

The test was carried out using the in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials in Example 1. The sample 4 to be tested was made of cold-rolled C5191 tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip. First, a strip sample with a length, width and height of 45 mm × 10 mm × 0.3 mm was cut from the ingot using electric spark wire cutting. The test surface was polished and then cleaned and dried with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and then weighed and waited for testing.

The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12 and the sample to be tested is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the tungsten electrode 14 device is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. Turn on the power supply and set the voltage. The voltage can be adjusted according to actual needs, including whether to start the arc, the arc energy, and the application environment. In this embodiment, the voltage is set to 10V. Turn on the motor power supply and adjust the speed. The speed can be adjusted according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the speed is the same as in Example 2.

After the test, the sample 4 to be tested is removed and weighed on a precision electronic balance to calculate the burnt mass. The morphology of the sample after ablation is photographed with a 3D optical profiler, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , and the ablation depth, ablation volume and other data are measured.

Through calculation, in this embodiment, the burnt amount is about 0.1 mg, the burnt volume is about 1.57×10 ^-3 mm ³ , and the burnt depth is 52.2 μm.

Example 5

The test was carried out using the in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials in Example 1. The sample 4 to be tested was made of cast Cu-Te alloy. First, a block sample with a length, width and height of 45 mm × 16 mm × 8 mm was cut from the ingot using electric spark wire cutting. The test surface was then ground and polished with sandpaper. After that, it was cleaned and dried with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol in turn, and then weighed and waited for testing.

The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12 and the sample to be tested is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the tungsten electrode 14 device is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. Turn on the power supply and set the current. The current can be adjusted according to actual needs, including whether to start the arc, the arc energy, and the application environment. In this embodiment, the voltage is set to the highest safe voltage allowed by the power supply, that is, 45V. Turn on the motor power supply and adjust the speed. The speed can be adjusted according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the speed is about 1r/s. Record the voltage, current and arc curve in real time during the test.

After the test, the sample 4 to be tested is removed and weighed on a precision electronic balance to calculate the burnt mass; a 3D optical profiler is used to photograph the ablated morphology of the sample, and the ablation depth, ablation volume and other data are measured.

Through calculation, in this embodiment, the mass of the surface melt is about 0.26 mg, the burnt volume is about 2.3×10 ^{- 2} mm ³ , and the burnt depth is about 65.9 μm.

Example 6

The test was carried out using the in-situ testing device for friction arc burning of electrical contact materials in Example 1. The sample 4 to be tested was made of cast Cu-Te alloy. First, a block sample with a length, width and height of 45 mm × 16 mm × 8 mm was cut from the ingot using electric spark wire cutting. The test surface was then ground and polished with sandpaper. After that, it was cleaned and dried with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol in turn, and then weighed and waited for testing.

The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12 and the sample to be tested is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, and the tungsten electrode 14 device is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. Turn on the power supply and set the current. The current can be adjusted according to actual needs, including whether to start an arc, arc energy, and application environment considerations. In this embodiment, the voltage is set to the minimum arc starting voltage of the sample, that is, 6V. Turn on the motor power supply and adjust the speed. The speed can be adjusted according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the speed is about 1r/s. Record the voltage, current and arc curve in real time during the test.

After the test, the sample 4 to be tested is removed and weighed on a precision electronic balance to calculate the burnt mass; a 3D optical profiler is used to photograph the ablated morphology of the sample, and the ablation depth, ablation volume and other data are measured.

Through calculation, in this embodiment, the mass of the surface melt is about 0.016 mg, the burnt volume is about 1.4×10 ^{- 3} mm ³ , and the burnt depth is about 10.9 μm.

Comparative Example

Compared with Example 2, the test device in Example 2 is replaced by an existing reciprocating friction and wear test device. The test conditions are load 2N, 6mm pure copper ball friction pair, time 30min, frequency 2Hz, scratch length 5mm, and the test results are shown in Figures 10 and 11.

Through calculation, the wear volume in this comparative example is about 0.63 mm ³ , and the maximum wear depth is 130.9 μm.

In addition, the inventors of this case also referred to the aforementioned embodiments and conducted experiments with other raw materials, process operations, and process conditions described in this specification, and obtained relatively ideal results.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various other changes, omissions and/or additions may be made and that elements of the described embodiments may be substituted with substantial equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, it is not intended herein to limit the present invention to the specific disclosed embodiments for carrying out the present invention, but rather it is intended that the present invention will include all embodiments within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (18)

1. The in-situ testing device for friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material is characterized by comprising a testing unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected with the data processing unit, and the testing unit is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit; the test unit comprises a sample fixing device, an adjustable speed motor, a test electrode, a sample table and a power supply, wherein the sample table is at least used for placing a sample to be tested, the sample fixing device is at least used for limiting the position of the sample to be tested, the test electrode is fixedly connected with the adjustable speed motor, the test electrode is arranged above the sample to be tested, the test electrode can be contacted with the sample to be tested and generate friction and burning loss when being positioned at a first station, a motor turntable is further arranged on the adjustable speed motor, a limiting block is arranged on the motor turntable and is connected with the pressure sensor for limiting the position and initial contact state of the test electrode, the data acquisition unit comprises a circuit consisting of a voltage measuring device, a current measuring device and the power supply, and a compensation circuit, and the compensation circuit is at least used for realizing simultaneous testing of voltage and current.

2. The in situ test apparatus for triboelectric arc burn-out of an electrical contact material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power supply is a direct current power supply.

3. The in situ test apparatus for triboelectric arc burn-out of an electrical contact material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the data processing unit is at least used for recording data and voltage, current and arc curves in real time.

4. The in situ test apparatus for triboelectric arc burn-out of an electrical contact material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the positive electrode of the power supply is connected with the test electrode, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected with the sample to be tested.

5. The in situ test apparatus for triboelectric arc burn-out of an electrical contact material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the test electrode is a tungsten electrode.

6. The in situ test apparatus for triboelectric arc burn-out of an electrical contact material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one end part of the test electrode, which is contacted with the sample to be tested, is provided with a hemispherical structure.

7. The in situ test apparatus for friction arc burn-out of an electrical contact material of claim 6, wherein: the diameter of the hemispherical structure is 2-8mm.

8. The in situ test apparatus for triboelectric arc burn-out of an electrical contact material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sample fixture includes a sample holder.

9. An in-situ test method for friction arc burn-out of an electrical contact material, comprising the steps of:

providing an in situ test apparatus for triboelectric arc burn-out of an electrical contact material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8;

fixing a sample to be tested on a sample table, and electrically connecting the sample to be tested, a test electrode and a power supply;

and electrifying the power supply, and under an equal voltage mode, adjusting the voltage, the current and the rotating speed of the test electrode to realize that the test electrode contacts with a sample to be tested and generates friction and burning loss when being positioned at a first station, recording the voltage, the current and an arc curve in real time, and further completing the in-situ test of the friction and arc burning loss of the electric contact material.

10. The in situ test method of electrical contact material triboelectric arc burn-out of claim 9, wherein: the voltage is 1-50V, the current is 0.5-20A, and the rotating speed of the test electrode is 0.5-10Hz.

11. The in situ test method of electrical contact material triboelectric arc burn-out according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises in particular: and connecting the sample to be tested with the negative electrode of the power supply, and connecting the test electrode with the positive electrode of the power supply.

12. The in situ test method of electrical contact material triboelectric arc burn-out of claim 9, wherein: the sample to be tested is formed by preparing an electrical contact material.

13. The in situ test method of electrical contact material triboelectric arc burn-out of claim 9, wherein: the sample to be measured is in a plate strip shape or a block shape.

14. The in situ test method of electrical contact material triboelectric arc burn-out of claim 9, wherein: the length of the sample to be measured is above 15mm, the width is above 10mm, and the thickness is below 10mm.

15. The in situ test method of electrical contact material triboelectric arc burn-out of claim 9 further comprising: in-situ testing of the friction arc burn-out of the electrical contact material is achieved by adjusting the pulse width and frequency of the power supply, or by varying the friction frequency.

16. The in situ test method of electrical contact material triboelectric arc burn-out of claim 9, further comprising: after the test is completed, the burn-out quality is calculated, and the ablation depth and ablation volume are measured.

17. The in situ test method of electrical contact material triboelectric arc burn-out of claim 9 further comprising: polishing and cleaning the surface of the sample to be tested before testing.

18. The method for in situ testing of electrical contact material triboelectric arc burn-out of claim 17, wherein: the cleaning agent adopted in the cleaning comprises deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol.