CN113533438A - In-situ testing device and method for friction arc burning loss of electric contact material - Google Patents
In-situ testing device and method for friction arc burning loss of electric contact material Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ testing device and a testing method for friction electric arc burning loss of an electric contact material, and the in-situ testing device comprises a testing unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected with the data processing unit, the testing unit is electrically connected with the data acquisition unit, the testing unit comprises a speed-adjustable motor, a testing electrode, a sample table at least used for placing a sample to be tested and a power supply, the testing electrode is fixedly connected with the speed-adjustable motor, the testing electrode is arranged above the sample to be tested, and can be in contact with the sample to be tested when being positioned at a first station to generate friction and burning loss. The in-situ testing device for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material provided by the invention has the advantages that the low-voltage friction arc starting burning loss is more similar to the working environment of the electric contact material under the application conditions of an electric automobile, a charging device and the like, the periodic friction arc starting is realized by rotating the swing arm, the burning loss interference caused by abrasive dust can be avoided, and meanwhile, the better feasibility is provided for the recording and acquisition of real-time data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical materials, and particularly relates to an in-situ testing device and a testing method for friction arc burning loss of an electric contact material.
Background
In the process of electric contact, when the contact interface of two conductors is from separation to contact or from contact to separation, electric arcs can be generated between the two conductors under certain conditions. High energy, high temperature arcs can melt and damage the surface of the contact material, deteriorate the material performance, and reduce the service life of the material. Therefore, the arc ablation process of the electrical contact material is crucial to evaluate the service life of the electrical contact material.
The current arc ablation performance test of the electric contact material mainly focuses on the arc ablation behavior of the pressed contact, and mainly aims at the electric contact material of a high-voltage circuit to reduce the arc burning loss by taking the contact force as the target. With the development of electric vehicles and the corresponding charging pile industry, electric arcs generated by vibration and electric arcs generated by friction of the vehicles are inevitable. The existing evaluation mode is difficult to evaluate the arc damage and the influence of the arc damage on the safety performance. The electric arc ablation performance test of the electrified friction test also appears in China, the friction and wear test is simply connected with a power supply to carry out reciprocating test, and the final quality burning loss and volume burning loss measurement is carried out. However, the method cannot effectively represent the arc energy generated by the electric contact material, on the other hand, the negative influence of abrasion dust on arc ablation cannot be effectively removed, and the anti-arc performance of the electric contact material cannot be evaluated.
Therefore, from the requirement of the electric automobile industry, the friction arc testing method has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an in-situ testing device and a testing method for friction arc burning loss of an electric contact material, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention adopts a technical solution comprising:
the embodiment of the invention provides an in-situ testing device for friction arc burning loss of an electric contact material, which comprises a testing unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected with the data processing unit; wherein, the test unit includes adjustable speed motor, test electrode, is used for placing the sample platform and the power of the sample that awaits measuring at least, test electrode and adjustable speed motor fixed connection, test electrode set up in the top of the sample that awaits measuring, just test electrode can with the sample contact that awaits measuring and produce friction and scaling loss when being in first station.
In the technical scheme, the first station refers to a position when the lower end part of the test electrode is vertically contacted with the surface of the sample to be tested.
Further, the data acquisition unit comprises a circuit consisting of a voltage measuring device, a current measuring device and a power supply, and a compensation circuit, wherein the compensation circuit is at least used for realizing the simultaneous test of the voltage and the current.
Further, the data processing unit is used at least to record data and voltage, current and arc curves in real time.
Further, the test electrode is a tungsten electrode.
Furthermore, one end of the testing electrode, which is in contact with the sample to be tested, has a hemispherical structure.
Furthermore, a motor turntable is further arranged on the speed-adjustable motor, and a limiting block is arranged on the motor turntable and connected with the pressure sensor to limit the position and the initial contact state of the test electrode.
Further, the test unit further comprises a sample fixing device at least used for limiting the position of the sample to be tested.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an in-situ test method for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material, which comprises the following steps:
providing the in-situ testing device for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material;
fixing a sample to be tested on a sample table, and electrically connecting the sample to be tested, a test electrode and a power supply;
the power is electrified, and under the equal voltage mode, the rotation speed of the testing electrode is adjusted through voltage regulation, current regulation and the contact of the testing electrode with a sample to be tested when the testing electrode is positioned at a first station, friction and burning loss are generated, voltage, current and an arc curve are recorded in real time, and then the in-situ test of the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material is completed.
Further, the in-situ test method for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material specifically comprises the following steps: and connecting the sample to be tested with the negative electrode of a power supply, and connecting the test electrode with the positive electrode of the power supply.
Further, the in-situ test method for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material further comprises the following steps: the in-situ test of the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material is realized by adjusting the pulse width and the frequency of the power supply or changing the friction frequency.
Further, the preparation method further comprises the following steps: after the test is completed, the burn-out mass is calculated, and the ablation depth and ablation volume are measured.
Further, the in-situ test method for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material further comprises the following steps: and before testing, polishing and cleaning the surface of the sample to be tested.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention realizes periodic friction electric arc through low voltage friction electric arc burning loss which is more similar to the working environment of the electric contact material, and the rotary swing arm mode can avoid burning loss interference caused by abrasive dust, and simultaneously provides better feasibility for recording and collecting real-time data.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ testing apparatus for friction arc burning loss of an electrical contact material according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the test unit in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a topographical view of the sample of example 2 after ablation.
Fig. 4 is a scratch depth profile of the ablated surface of the sample in example 2.
FIG. 5 is a topographical view of the sample of example 3 after ablation.
Fig. 6 is a scratch depth profile of the ablated surface of the sample of example 3.
FIG. 7 is a topographical view of the sample of example 4 after ablation.
Fig. 8 is a scratch depth profile of the ablated surface of the sample of example 4.
Fig. 9 is a graph of sample data for a 20ms test at 16V, 2A in one embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 10 is a sample topography corresponding to a frictional wear test of a comparative example.
Fig. 11 is a scratch depth profile of a sample corresponding to the frictional wear test of the comparative example.
Description of reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a testing unit, 11, a speed-adjustable motor, 12, a sample table, 121, a negative contact point, 122, a damping spring, 13, a motor turntable, 14, a tungsten electrode, 15, a sample clamp, 2, a data acquisition unit, 3, a data processing unit, 4, a sample to be tested, 5, a limiting block, 6 and a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description, which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, specific functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed embodiment.
In view of the defects of the prior art, the inventor of the present invention provides an in-situ test device for friction arc burning loss of an electric contact material and a test method thereof through long-term research and practice, the arc burning loss is generated through low-voltage electrified friction, periodic friction arc is realized through a rotary swing arm mode, burning loss interference caused by abrasive dust can be avoided, meanwhile, better feasibility is provided for recording and collecting real-time data, and the in-situ test device has comparability with relevant application environments such as electric vehicles and the like by adopting a low-voltage direct-current power supply. The technical solution of the present invention will be explained in more detail as follows.
One aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides an in-situ testing device for friction arc burning loss of an electric contact material, which comprises a testing unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected with the data processing unit; wherein, the test unit includes adjustable speed motor, test electrode, is used for placing the sample platform and the power of the sample that awaits measuring at least, test electrode and adjustable speed motor fixed connection, test electrode set up in the top of the sample that awaits measuring, just test electrode can with the sample contact that awaits measuring and produce friction and scaling loss when being in first station.
In some preferred embodiments, the data acquisition unit includes a circuit consisting of a voltage measurement device, a current measurement device, and a power supply, and a compensation circuit for at least enabling simultaneous testing of voltage and current.
In some more preferred embodiments, the power supply may include, but is not limited to, a dc power supply.
In some preferred embodiments, the data processing unit is at least used to record data and voltage, current and arc curves in real time.
In some preferred embodiments, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected to the test electrode, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected to the sample to be tested.
In some preferred embodiments, the test electrode is a tungsten electrode.
In some more preferred embodiments, an end of the test electrode contacting the sample to be tested has a hemispherical structure, and preferably, the hemispherical structure has a diameter of 2-8 mm.
In some preferred embodiments, a motor turntable is further disposed on the adjustable speed motor, and a limiting block is disposed on the motor turntable and connected to the pressure sensor to limit the position and the initial contact state of the test electrode.
In some more preferred embodiments, the test unit further comprises a sample holding device at least for defining the position of the sample to be tested; preferably, the sample holding means comprises a sample holder.
In some more preferred embodiments, the sample stage can be a sample stage with a red copper contact and a damping spring from top to bottom, but is not limited to this,
another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an in-situ testing method for friction arc burning loss of an electrical contact material, including:
providing an in-situ testing device for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material;
fixing a sample to be tested on a sample table, and electrically connecting the sample to be tested, a test electrode and a power supply;
the power is electrified, and under the equal voltage mode, the rotation speed of the testing electrode is adjusted through voltage regulation, current regulation and the contact of the testing electrode with a sample to be tested when the testing electrode is positioned at a first station, friction and burning loss are generated, voltage, current and an arc curve are recorded in real time, and then the in-situ test of the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material is completed.
In some preferred embodiments, the voltage is 1-50V, the current is 0.5-20A, and the rotation speed of the test electrode is 0.5-10 Hz.
In some preferred embodiments, the in-situ test method for friction arc burning of the electrical contact material is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps: and connecting the sample to be tested with the negative electrode of a power supply, and connecting the test electrode with the positive electrode of the power supply.
In some preferred embodiments, the sample to be tested is prepared from an electrical contact material; preferably, the sample to be detected is in a plate strip shape or a block shape.
In some preferred embodiments, the sample to be tested has a length of 15mm or more, a width of 10mm or more, and a thickness of 10mm or less.
In some preferred embodiments, the method for in-situ testing of the friction arc burning loss of the electrical contact material further comprises: the in-situ test of the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material is realized by adjusting the pulse width and the frequency of the power supply or changing the friction frequency.
In some preferred embodiments, the preparation method further comprises: after the test is completed, the burn-out mass is calculated, and the ablation depth and ablation volume are measured.
In some preferred embodiments, the in-situ testing method for the friction arc burning loss of the electrical contact material further comprises: before testing, polishing and cleaning the surface of the sample to be tested;
preferably, the cleaning agent used for cleaning comprises deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol.
The method is not only suitable for the test in situ of the sample with the specification, but also can be used for strip-shaped and block-shaped materials with different dimensions and specifications.
The technological parameters of the experiment can not only adjust the pulse width and frequency of the power supply, but also achieve the effect by changing the friction frequency.
In some more specific embodiments, the in-situ testing apparatus and the testing method for the friction arc burning loss of the electrical contact material provided by the invention specifically include the following steps:
the device mainly comprises a test unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit (figure 1).
The testing unit consists of a speed-adjustable motor, a testing electrode, a sample table and a direct current power supply (figure 2), wherein the testing electrode adopts a tungsten electrode and is fixed on a sample disc configured on the motor, the lower end of the testing electrode is a hemisphere with the diameter of 2-8mm, the sample adopts a plate strip or a block sample prepared by an electric contact material, the length of the sample is not less than 15mm, the width of the sample is not less than 10mm, and the thickness of the sample is not more than 10 mm.
The data acquisition unit adopts a circuit consisting of a high-precision voltmeter and an ammeter and is provided with a compensation circuit to realize simultaneous testing of voltage and current. The data processing unit adopts autonomous programming to realize real-time data and record of voltage, current and arc curves.
Fig. 9 is a graph of the sampled data for a 20ms test at 16V, current 2A, and a sampling frequency of 1000 n. When in test, the surface of a sample is firstly polished and cleaned so that the surface of the sample is smooth, clean and dry and has no oxide layer and no obvious large scratch, then the sample is clamped on a sample table for fixing, and the height of the sample and the position of an electrode are measured. And connecting the sample and the test circuit, and setting the output current of the power supply and the rotating speed of the electrode to start testing the friction arc. The current, voltage and arc data of the arc can give the arc resistance under certain friction conditions, and the quality change, the grinding mark and the ablation pit of the tested sample can give the ablation resistance index. And the data can be compared with the wear scar data of the friction and wear test, thereby removing the influence of friction and wear, directly giving out the material loss caused by arcing and providing a reliable basis for calculating the service life of the material.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention is more similar to the working environment of the electric contact material adopted by the electric automobile, the charging device and the like through friction electric arc burning, and periodic friction electric arc is realized through a rotary swing arm mode, so that burning interference caused by abrasive dust can be avoided, and meanwhile, better feasibility is provided for recording and collecting real-time data.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ testing apparatus for friction arc burning loss of an electrical contact material, including a testing unit 1, a data acquiring unit 2, and a data processing unit 3, wherein the data acquiring unit 2 is connected to the data processing unit 3, and the testing unit 1 is electrically connected to the data acquiring unit 2, specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the testing unit 1 includes a speed-adjustable motor 11, a tungsten electrode 14, a sample stage 12 at least used for placing a sample 4 to be tested, and a dc power supply, wherein the sample stage 12 has a negative contact point 121 and a damping spring 122 arranged from top to bottom; the tungsten electrode 14 is fixedly connected with the speed-adjustable motor 11, the tungsten electrode 14 is arranged above the sample 4 to be measured, and the tungsten electrode 14 can be in contact with the sample 4 to be measured and generates friction and burning loss when being positioned at the first station; in this embodiment, one end of the tungsten electrode 14 contacting the sample 4 has a hemispherical structure, and the diameter of the hemispherical structure is 4 mm.
The speed-adjustable motor 11 is further provided with a motor turntable 13, the motor turntable 13 is provided with a limiting block 5 and connected with the pressure sensor 6 to limit the position and the initial contact state of the tungsten electrode 14, and the test unit 1 further comprises a sample clamp 15 at least used for limiting the position of the sample 4 to be tested.
In the implementation process, the data acquisition unit 2 comprises a circuit consisting of a voltage measuring device, a current measuring device and a direct-current power supply, and a compensation circuit, wherein the compensation circuit is at least used for realizing the simultaneous test of voltage and current; the data processing unit 3 employs autonomous programming at least for recording data and voltage, current and arc curves in real time.
Example 2
The in-situ test device for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material in the embodiment 1 is used for testing, the sample 4 to be tested is made of cast Cu-Te alloy, firstly block-shaped test samples with the length, the width and the height of 45mm multiplied by 16mm multiplied by 8mm are cut from an ingot by wire cut electrical discharge machining, then the surface to be tested is polished by abrasive paper, then the block-shaped test samples are cleaned and dried by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence, and the test is waited after weighing.
The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12, the sample to be detected is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, and the clamping tungsten electrode 14 is connected with the positive pole of the power supply. The power supply is turned on, voltage is set, the voltage can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the actual requirements include whether arcing occurs, arc energy, application environment consideration and the like. In the present embodiment, the voltage is set to 10V. The motor power is turned on, the rotating speed is adjusted, and the rotating speed can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and in the embodiment, the rotating speed is about 1 r/s. And recording the voltage, current and arc curves in real time during testing.
After the test is finished, taking down the sample 4 to be tested, weighing the sample on a precision electronic balance, and calculating the burning loss mass; the ablated profile of the sample is photographed by a 3D optical profiler as shown in figures 3 and 4, and data such as ablation depth, ablation volume and the like are measured.
By calculation, the burnout amount in this example was about 0.2mg, and the burnout volume was about 1.06X 10-2mm3The depth of burn-out was 20.7. mu.m.
Example 3
The in-situ test device for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material in the embodiment 1 is used for testing, the sample 4 to be tested is a cold-rolled high-strength Cu-Zn-Sn-Ni-Co-Si alloy strip, strip-shaped test samples with the length, the width and the height of 45mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 0.6mm are cut from an ingot by wire cut electrical discharge machining at first, the surface to be tested is polished, then the polished surface is cleaned and dried by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence, and the test is waited after weighing.
The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12, the sample to be detected is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, and the clamping tungsten electrode 14 is connected with the positive pole of the power supply. The power supply is turned on, voltage is set, the voltage can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the actual requirements include whether arcing occurs, arc energy, application environment consideration and the like. In the present embodiment, the voltage is set to 10V. The power supply of the motor is turned on, the rotating speed is adjusted, the rotating speed can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and in the embodiment, the rotating speed is the same as that in embodiment 2.
After the test is finished, taking down the sample 4 to be tested, weighing the sample on a precision electronic balance, and calculating the burning loss mass; the post-ablation topography of the sample was photographed with a 3D optical profiler as shown in fig. 5 and 6, and data such as ablation depth, ablation volume, etc. were measured.
By calculation, the burnout amount in this example was about 0.2mg, and the burnout volume was about 1.36X 10-2mm3The depth of burn-out was 51.9. mu.m.
Example 4
The in-situ test device for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material in the embodiment 1 is used for testing, the sample 4 to be tested is a cold-rolled C5191 tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip, strip-shaped samples with the length, width and height of 45mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 0.3mm are cut from an ingot by wire cut electrical discharge machining, the surface to be tested is polished, then is cleaned and dried by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence, and the test is waited after weighing.
The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12, the sample to be detected is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, and the clamping tungsten electrode 14 is connected with the positive pole of the power supply. The power supply is turned on, voltage is set, the voltage can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the actual requirements include whether arcing occurs, arc energy, application environment consideration and the like. In the present embodiment, the voltage is set to 10V. The power supply of the motor is turned on, the rotating speed is adjusted, the rotating speed can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and in the embodiment, the rotating speed is the same as that in embodiment 2.
After the test is finished, taking down the sample 4 to be tested, weighing the sample on a precision electronic balance, and calculating the burning loss mass; the post-ablation topography of the sample was photographed with a 3D optical profiler as shown in fig. 7 and 8, and data for ablation depth, ablation volume, etc. were measured.
By calculation, the burnout amount in this example was about 0.1mg, and the burnout volume was about 1.57X 10-3mm3The depth of burn-out was 52.2. mu.m.
Example 5
The in-situ test device for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material in the embodiment 1 is used for testing, the sample 4 to be tested is made of cast Cu-Te alloy, firstly block-shaped test samples with the length, the width and the height of 45mm multiplied by 16mm multiplied by 8mm are cut from an ingot by wire cut electrical discharge machining, then the surface to be tested is polished by abrasive paper, then the block-shaped test samples are cleaned and dried by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence, and the test is waited after weighing.
The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12, the sample to be detected is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, and the clamping tungsten electrode 14 is connected with the positive pole of the power supply. The power supply is turned on, the current is set, the current can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the actual requirements include whether arcing occurs, arc energy, application environment consideration and the like. In this embodiment, the voltage is set to the highest safe voltage the power supply allows, i.e. 45V. The motor power is turned on, the rotating speed is adjusted, and the rotating speed can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and in the embodiment, the rotating speed is about 1 r/s. And recording the voltage, current and arc curves in real time during testing.
After the test is finished, taking down the sample 4 to be tested, weighing the sample on a precision electronic balance, and calculating the burning loss mass; and (3) shooting the appearance of the ablated sample by using a 3D optical profiler, and measuring data such as ablation depth, ablation volume and the like.
By calculation, the surface melt mass in this example was about 0.26mg, and the burnout volume was about 2.3X 10- 2mm3The depth of burn-out was about 65.9 μm.
Example 6
The in-situ test device for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material in the embodiment 1 is used for testing, the sample 4 to be tested is made of cast Cu-Te alloy, firstly block-shaped test samples with the length, the width and the height of 45mm multiplied by 16mm multiplied by 8mm are cut from an ingot by wire cut electrical discharge machining, then the surface to be tested is polished by abrasive paper, then the block-shaped test samples are cleaned and dried by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence, and the test is waited after weighing.
The sample is clamped and fixed on the sample table 12, the sample to be detected is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, and the clamping tungsten electrode 14 is connected with the positive pole of the power supply. The power supply is turned on, the current is set, the current can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and the actual requirements include whether arcing occurs, arc energy, application environment consideration and the like. In this embodiment, the voltage is set to the specimen arcing minimum voltage, i.e., 6V. The motor power is turned on, the rotating speed is adjusted, and the rotating speed can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and in the embodiment, the rotating speed is about 1 r/s. And recording the voltage, current and arc curves in real time during testing.
After the test is finished, taking down the sample 4 to be tested, weighing the sample on a precision electronic balance, and calculating the burning loss mass; and (3) shooting the appearance of the ablated sample by using a 3D optical profiler, and measuring data such as ablation depth, ablation volume and the like.
By calculation, the surface melt in the present exampleThe mass is about 0.016mg, and the burning volume is about 1.4X 10- 3mm3The depth of burn-out was about 10.9 μm.
Comparative example
Compared with the example 2, the testing device in the example 2 is replaced by the existing reciprocating type friction wear testing device, the testing conditions are that the load is 2N, the 6mm pure copper ball friction pair is used, the time is 30min, the frequency is 2Hz, the scratch length is 5mm, and the testing results are shown in figures 10 and 11.
By calculation, the wear volume in this comparative example is about 0.63mm3The maximum wear depth was 130.9. mu.m.
In addition, the inventors of the present invention have also made experiments with other materials, process operations, and process conditions described in the present specification with reference to the above examples, and have obtained preferable results.
While the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various other changes, omissions and/or additions may be made and substantial equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. The in-situ testing device for the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material is characterized by comprising a testing unit, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data acquisition unit is connected with the data processing unit; wherein, the test unit includes adjustable speed motor, test electrode, is used for placing the sample platform and the power of the sample that awaits measuring at least, test electrode and adjustable speed motor fixed connection, test electrode set up in the top of the sample that awaits measuring, just test electrode can with the sample contact that awaits measuring and produce friction and scaling loss when being in first station.
2. The in-situ testing device for friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data acquisition unit comprises a circuit consisting of a voltage measuring device, a current measuring device and a power supply, and a compensation circuit, wherein the compensation circuit is at least used for realizing the simultaneous test of voltage and current; and/or, the power supply comprises a direct current power supply.
3. The in-situ testing device for friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data processing unit is used at least for recording data and voltage, current and arc curves in real time.
4. The in-situ testing device for friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material according to claim 2, wherein: the anode of the power supply is connected with the test electrode, and the cathode of the power supply is connected with the sample to be tested.
5. The in-situ testing device for friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the test electrode is a tungsten electrode, and/or one end part of the test electrode, which is in contact with a sample to be tested, is provided with a hemispherical structure, preferably, the diameter of the hemispherical structure is 2-8 mm.
6. The in-situ testing device for friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjustable-speed motor is also provided with a motor turntable, and the motor turntable is provided with a limiting block and connected with a pressure sensor for limiting the position and the initial contact state of the test electrode;
and/or, the test unit further comprises a sample fixing device at least used for limiting the position of the sample to be tested; preferably, the sample holding means comprises a sample holder.
7. An in-situ test method for friction arc burning loss of an electric contact material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing an in-situ test device for friction arc burning of the electrical contact material according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
fixing a sample to be tested on a sample table, and electrically connecting the sample to be tested, a test electrode and a power supply;
electrifying the power supply, realizing that the test electrode is in contact with a sample to be tested and generates friction and burning loss when the test electrode is positioned at a first station by adjusting voltage, current and rotating speed of the test electrode in an equal voltage mode, and recording voltage, current and arc curves in real time so as to complete the in-situ test of the friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material;
and/or the voltage is 1-50V, the current is 0.5-20A, and the rotating speed of the test electrode is 0.5-10 Hz.
8. The in-situ test method for friction arc burning loss of the electric contact material according to claim 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and connecting the sample to be tested with the negative electrode of a power supply, and connecting the test electrode with the positive electrode of the power supply.
9. The in-situ testing method for friction arc burning loss of electric contact material according to claim 7, characterized in that: the sample to be detected is prepared from an electrical contact material; preferably, the sample to be detected is in a plate strip shape or a block shape, and/or the length of the sample to be detected is more than 15mm, the width of the sample to be detected is more than 10mm, and the thickness of the sample to be detected is less than 10 mm.
10. The method for in-situ testing of friction arc burning of electrical contact material according to claim 7, further comprising: the in-situ test of the friction electric arc burning loss of the electric contact material is realized by adjusting the pulse width and frequency of a power supply or changing the friction frequency;
and/or, the preparation method further comprises the following steps: after the test is completed, the burn-out mass is calculated, and the ablation depth and ablation volume are measured.
11. The method for in-situ testing of friction arc burning of electrical contact material according to claim 7, further comprising: before testing, polishing and cleaning the surface of the sample to be tested;
preferably, the cleaning agent used for cleaning comprises deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol.
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