CN113531934B - Anti-freezing refrigeration system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-freezing refrigeration system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113531934B CN113531934B CN202110864968.9A CN202110864968A CN113531934B CN 113531934 B CN113531934 B CN 113531934B CN 202110864968 A CN202110864968 A CN 202110864968A CN 113531934 B CN113531934 B CN 113531934B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-freezing refrigeration system and a control method thereof, relating to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, wherein a first water circulation and a second water circulation are formed in an outdoor unit, so that an outdoor cold source is fully utilized, wherein the water in the first water circulation is heated by a first condenser and is contacted with outdoor air by a spraying device, part of the water is evaporated in the process, and the heat is taken away by the outdoor air, so that the water is cooled and then is collected in a water receiving device and flows to a water pump assembly; the water in the second water circulation carries out first heat exchange on the outdoor air through the surface cooler, the temperature of the outdoor air is reduced, and the water in the first water circulation are collected in the spraying device and flow to the water pump assembly in the same process; the outlet of the heat exchange medium of the first condenser is communicated with the surface cooling inlet of the surface cooler, water is mixed with water at the surface cooling inlet of the surface cooler to be heated after receiving heat in the first heat exchanger, and the effect of preliminary preheating is achieved, so that water in the surface cooler, the spraying device and the water receiving device is prevented from being frozen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, in particular to an anti-freezing refrigeration system and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, with the popularization of energy-saving and environment-friendly concepts, people are pursuing refrigeration equipment with energy saving or low power consumption. Among them, the compressor in the refrigerating apparatus is the most power consuming component, and it is considered to replace the compressor with another component.
In the prior art, for environmental protection, a refrigeration device begins to consider how to fully utilize an outdoor cold source, so that a fluorine pump cycle utilizing the outdoor cold source is added on the basis of the existing compressor cycle, namely when the outdoor environment temperature is low, the refrigeration device is switched to the fluorine pump cycle, a refrigerant subjected to heat exchange by an evaporator is directly conveyed to a condenser in an outdoor unit so as to exchange heat with the outdoor cold source, and the cooled refrigerant returns to the evaporator through the fluorine pump.
The condenser in the outdoor unit can exchange heat in a water circulation mode, the outdoor cold source can be fully utilized in the mode, one predicament is faced, when the outdoor temperature in winter is too low, water can be condensed into ice, parts related to the water circulation in the outdoor unit can not normally work, the refrigeration equipment can only be switched into the compressor circulation at the moment, the power consumption is high, and the energy conservation of the refrigeration equipment is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-freezing refrigeration system and a control method thereof, which are used for solving the problem of high power consumption of the existing refrigeration equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an anti-freezing refrigeration system comprises an outdoor unit, wherein the outdoor unit comprises a water pump assembly, a first condenser, a surface air cooler, a spraying device and a water receiving device for recovering water sprayed out of the spraying device;
the output end of the water pump assembly is communicated with a heat exchange medium inlet of the first condenser, and a heat exchange medium outlet of the first condenser is respectively communicated with the input end of the spraying device and a surface cooling inlet of the surface cooler;
the output end of the water pump assembly is also communicated with a surface cooling inlet of the surface cooler, and a surface cooling outlet of the surface cooler is communicated with the input end of the spraying device;
and the water outlet of the water receiving device is communicated with the input end of the water pump assembly.
Optionally, a first proportional three-way valve is communicated between the output end of the water pump assembly and the heat exchange medium inlet of the first condenser; a second proportional three-way valve is communicated between the heat exchange medium outlet of the first condenser and the input end of the spraying device;
a first port of the first proportional three-way valve is communicated with an output end of the water pump assembly, a second port of the first proportional three-way valve is communicated with the heat exchange medium inlet, and a third port of the first proportional three-way valve is communicated with the surface cooling inlet;
and a fourth port of the second proportional three-way valve is communicated with the surface cooling inlet, a fifth port of the second proportional three-way valve is communicated with the heat exchange medium outlet, and a sixth port of the second proportional three-way valve is communicated with the input end of the spraying device.
Optionally, a third branch flow path is communicated between the second port and the heat exchange medium inlet, the third branch flow path flows to the water receiving device, and a two-way valve is arranged on the third branch flow path.
Optionally, a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet of the first condenser are respectively provided with a water pressure sensor; the water pressure sensor is electrically connected with the first proportional three-way valve, the second proportional three-way valve and the two-way water valve respectively;
when the difference value between the detection values of the two water pressure sensors is larger than a preset pressure difference threshold value, the first proportional three-way valve controls the first port and the third port to be communicated, and the second port is disconnected; the second proportional three-way valve controls the fourth port to be communicated with the fifth port, and the sixth port is disconnected; and the two-way water valve controls the third shunt branch to be communicated.
Optionally, the outdoor unit is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and is further provided with a second condenser inside, an air flow channel is formed between the air inlet and the air outlet, and in the air flow channel, the surface air cooler, the spraying device and the second condenser are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of the air flow.
Optionally, a temperature and humidity sensor is further arranged between the surface air cooler and the spraying device, and the temperature and humidity sensor is used for detecting the wet bulb temperature of the air passing through the surface air cooler;
the temperature and humidity sensor is electrically connected with the second proportional three-way valve;
and when the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the temperature of the wet bulb is less than a preset wet bulb threshold value, the second proportional three-way valve controls the fourth port to increase the opening degree.
Optionally, a surface cooling outlet of the surface cooler is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the water passing through the surface cooler;
the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the second proportional three-way valve;
and when the detection temperature of the temperature sensor is smaller than a preset water temperature threshold value, the second proportional three-way valve controls the fourth port to increase the opening degree.
Optionally, the system further comprises a liquid storage tank, a refrigerant pump and a first evaporator, wherein a refrigerant outlet of the first condenser is communicated with an input end of the liquid storage tank, an output end of the liquid storage tank is communicated with an input end of the refrigerant pump, an output end of the refrigerant pump is communicated with an input end of the first evaporator, and an output end of the first evaporator is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of the first condenser;
the anti-freezing refrigeration system further comprises a second evaporator and a compressor, the output end of the second condenser is communicated with the input end of the second evaporator, the output end of the second evaporator is communicated with the input end of the compressor, and the output end of the compressor is communicated with the input end of the second condenser.
Optionally, the outdoor air conditioner further comprises an outdoor temperature sensor arranged outdoors, and a first electromagnetic valve is arranged between the output end of the second condenser and the input end of the second evaporator;
a second electromagnetic valve is arranged between the refrigerant outlet of the first condenser and the input end of the first electromagnetic valve;
a third electromagnetic valve is arranged between the output end of the refrigerant pump and the input end of the second evaporator;
a fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged between the output end of the refrigerant pump and the input end of the first evaporator;
the outdoor temperature sensor is electrically connected with the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve respectively;
the compressor is connected with a first one-way valve in parallel, and a third one-way valve is arranged between the first condenser and the liquid storage tank.
A control method of an anti-freezing refrigeration system, which is applied to the anti-freezing refrigeration system, and comprises the following steps:
starting the refrigerant pump, controlling the first electromagnetic valve to be closed, controlling the second electromagnetic valve to be opened, controlling the third electromagnetic valve to be opened, and controlling the fourth electromagnetic valve to be closed;
acquiring an outdoor temperature value;
judging whether the outdoor temperature value is less than or equal to a preset outdoor temperature threshold value or not;
if so, maintaining the states of the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve;
if not, the compressor is started.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an anti-freezing refrigeration system and a control method thereof.A first water circulation and a second water circulation are formed in an outdoor unit, so that an outdoor cold source is fully utilized, wherein water in the first water circulation passes through a first condenser to be heated and then passes through a spraying device to be contacted with outdoor air, the water is partially evaporated in the process, the heat is taken away by the outdoor air, and the water is cooled and then is collected in a water receiving device and flows to a water pump assembly; the water in the second water circulation carries out first heat exchange on the outdoor air through the surface cooler, the temperature of the outdoor air is reduced, and the water in the first water circulation are collected in the spraying device and flow to the water pump assembly in the same process; because the heat exchange medium outlet of the first condenser is communicated with the surface cooling inlet of the surface cooler, water is mixed with water at the surface cooling inlet of the surface cooler to be heated after receiving heat in the first heat exchanger, and the effect of primary preheating is achieved, so that water in the surface cooler, the spraying device and the water receiving device is prevented from being condensed into ice, the service time of the compressor is shortened, and the effect of environmental protection is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
The structure, proportion, size and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so that the person skilled in the art can understand and read the description, and the description is not used for limiting the limit condition of the implementation of the invention, so the method has no technical essence, and any structural modification, proportion relation change or size adjustment still falls within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the invention without affecting the effect and the achievable purpose of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an anti-freeze refrigeration system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an outdoor unit of an anti-freeze refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a first state diagram of a first proportional three-way valve according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a first proportional three-way valve according to an embodiment of the invention in a second state;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third proportional three-way valve according to an embodiment of the invention in a first state;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange of the antifreeze refrigeration system provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a control flow diagram of the antifreeze refrigeration system according to the embodiment of the invention.
Illustration of the drawings: 1. a water pump assembly;
2. a first condenser; 201. a heat exchange medium inlet; 202. a heat exchange medium outlet; 203. a refrigerant inlet; 204. a refrigerant outlet; 25. a liquid storage tank; 26. a refrigerant pump; 27. a first evaporator;
3. a surface cooler; 301. a surface cooling inlet; 302. a surface cooling outlet;
4. a spraying device; 5. a water receiving device;
61. a first proportional three-way valve; 62. a second proportional three-way valve; 601. a first port; 602. a second port; 603. a third port; 604. a fourth port; 605. a fifth port; 606. a sixth port; 63. a two-way water valve; 64. a temperature and humidity sensor;
71. a first conduit; 72. a second conduit; 73. a third pipeline; 74. a fourth conduit; 75. a fifth pipeline; 76. a sixth pipeline; 77. a seventh pipe; 78. an eighth conduit; 79. a ninth conduit;
8. a second condenser; 81. a second evaporator; 82. a compressor;
91. a first solenoid valve; 92. a second solenoid valve; 93. a third electromagnetic valve; 94. a fourth solenoid valve; 95. a first check valve; 96. a second check valve; 97. a third check valve; 98. a fourth check valve; 99. an electronic expansion valve;
101. an air inlet; 102. and (7) air outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be noted that when one component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an anti-freeze refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an outdoor unit of the anti-freeze refrigeration system according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic partial structure diagram of fig. 2, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first state of a first proportional three-way valve according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second state of the first proportional three-way valve according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first state of a third proportional three-way valve according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 7 is a schematic heat exchange diagram of the anti-freeze refrigeration system according to the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 is a schematic control flow diagram of the anti-freeze refrigeration system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Example one
The anti-freezing refrigeration system provided by the embodiment is applied to a scene of heat dissipation of equipment such as a data center and a communication cabinet, wherein the data center is mostly arranged in an area with sufficient outdoor cold sources, and the anti-freezing refrigeration system provided by the embodiment can fully utilize the outdoor cold sources to cool the equipment and can avoid the situation that the outdoor cold sources condense water in pipelines of the anti-freezing refrigeration system into ice.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the anti-freezing refrigeration system of the present embodiment includes an outdoor unit including a water pump assembly 1, a first condenser 2, a surface air cooler 3, a spray device 4, and a water receiving device 5 for recovering water sprayed from the spray device 4. Wherein, first condenser 2 can select the heat exchanger that can have two kinds of refrigerant indirect heat transfer forms such as plate heat exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger or double pipe heat exchanger, and wherein this embodiment has selected plate heat exchanger, and wherein, plate heat exchanger heat exchange efficiency is high but difficult the washing.
The output end of the water pump assembly 1 is communicated with a heat exchange medium inlet 201 of the first condenser 2, and a heat exchange medium outlet 202 of the first condenser 2 is communicated with the spraying device 4. Wherein, spray set 4 is including the shower nozzle that is located the top, and the shower nozzle is linked together with heat transfer medium export 202 of first condenser 2, and the shower nozzle is linked together with the cold export 302 of the surface of surface cooler 3, still is provided with cooling tower filler between shower nozzle and the water receiving device 5, and the cooling tower filler can help outdoor air and fully contact from spray set 4 spun water.
The output end of the water pump assembly 1 is also communicated with a surface cooling inlet 301 of the surface cooler 3, and a surface cooling outlet 302 of the surface cooler 3 is communicated with the input end of the spraying device 4.
The output end of the water receiving device 5 is communicated with the input end of the water pump assembly 1.
The heat exchange medium outlet 202 of the first condenser 2 is communicated with the surface cooling inlet 301 of the surface cooler 3.
Specifically, a first water circulation and a second water circulation are formed in the outdoor unit, so that an outdoor cold source is fully utilized, wherein water in the first water circulation is heated through the first condenser 2 and then is contacted with outdoor air through the spraying device 4, part of water is evaporated in the process, heat is taken away by the outdoor air, and the water is cooled and then is collected in the water receiving device 5 and flows to the water pump assembly 1; the water in the second water circulation carries out first heat exchange on the outdoor air through the surface cooler 3, the temperature of the outdoor air is reduced, and the water in the first water circulation are collected in the spraying device 4 and flow to the water pump assembly 1 in the same process; because the heat exchange medium outlet 202 of the first condenser 2 is communicated with the surface cooling inlet 301 of the surface cooler 3, water is mixed with water at the surface cooling inlet 301 of the surface cooler 3 after receiving heat in the first condenser 2 to be heated, and the effect of primary preheating is achieved, so that water in the surface cooler 3, the spraying device 4 and the water receiving device 5 is prevented from being frozen.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, a first proportional three-way valve 61 is communicated between the output end of the water pump assembly 1 and the heat exchange medium inlet 201 of the first condenser 2; a second proportional three-way valve 62 is communicated between the heat exchange medium outlet 202 of the first condenser 2 and the input end of the spraying device 4.
A first port 601 of the first proportional three-way valve 61 is communicated with the output end of the water pump assembly 1, a second port 602 of the first proportional three-way valve 61 is communicated with the heat exchange medium inlet 201, and a third port 603 of the first proportional three-way valve 61 is communicated with the surface cooling inlet 301. As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the first proportional three-way valve 61 has three limit states, wherein the first limit state is that the first port 601, the second port 602 and the third port 603 are communicated with each other; the second limit state is that the first port 601 is connected with the second port 602, and the third port 603 is disconnected from the circuit; the third limit state is that the first port 601 is communicated with the third port 603, and the second port 602 is disconnected from the circuit; it is to be understood that the flow distribution ratio of the liquid flowing from the first port 601 to the second port 602 and the third port 603, respectively, can be achieved by adjusting the first proportional three-way valve 61. By adjusting the flow distribution ratio of the first proportional three-way valve 61, the water flow rates in the second pipe 72, the fourth pipe 74 and the first condenser 2 can be in the optimal state (i.e. the refrigerant in the first condenser 2 can be cooled to the target temperature) through the second port 602, and the rest of the water flows into the eighth pipe 78, the ninth pipe 79 and the surface air cooler 3 through the third port 603 to pre-cool the outdoor air, so that the anti-freezing refrigeration system is in the most energy-saving state.
A fourth port 604 of the second proportional three-way valve 62 is communicated with the surface cooling inlet 301, a fifth port 605 of the second proportional three-way valve 62 is communicated with the heat exchange medium outlet 202, and a sixth port 606 of the second proportional three-way valve 62 is communicated with the input end of the spray device 4. Similarly, the second proportional three-way valve 62 also has a flow proportional distribution function as in the first proportional three-way valve 61, and for example, the opening degree of the fourth port 604 is adjusted to effectively prevent water from condensing into ice.
In a specific embodiment, a temperature and humidity sensor 64 is further disposed between the surface air cooler 3 and the spraying device 4, the temperature and humidity sensor 64 is used for detecting the wet bulb temperature of the air passing through the surface air cooler 3, and the temperature and humidity sensor 64 is electrically connected to the second proportional three-way valve 62; when the temperature and humidity sensor 64 detects that the wet bulb temperature is lower than the preset wet bulb threshold value, the second proportional three-way valve 62 controls the fourth port 604 to increase the opening degree. Illustratively, water is directly evaporated and cooled in the cooling tower filler after being sprayed out from the spray head of the spray device 4, an isenthalpic humidification process occurs, the theoretical lowest temperature of outdoor air/water can reach the wet bulb temperature of air at the inlet of the cooling tower filler, and at the moment, the wet bulb temperature measured by the temperature and humidity sensor 64 can be guaranteed to be more than or equal to 2 ℃ by adjusting the opening degree of the fourth port 604, so that the anti-freezing functions of the cooling tower filler of the spray device 4 and the water receiving device 5 can be realized.
In another specific embodiment, a temperature sensor is arranged at the surface cooling outlet 302 of the surface cooler 3, the temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the water passing through the surface cooler 3, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the second proportional three-way valve 62; when the detected temperature of the temperature sensor is less than the preset water temperature threshold, the second proportional three-way valve 62 controls the fourth port 604 to increase the opening degree. Illustratively, when the detection temperature of the temperature sensor is ensured to be more than or equal to 2 ℃, the coil pipe anti-freezing function of the surface air cooler 3 can be realized. It should be noted that, when the temperature detected by the humidity temperature sensor is lower than 2 ℃, the opening degree of the second proportional three-way valve 62 may be adjusted to make more water in the fifth port 605 flow into the fourth port 604, so as to prevent the internal pipeline of the surface cooler 3 from freezing.
Further, a third branch flow path is communicated between the second port 602 and the heat exchange medium inlet 201, the third branch flow path flows to the water receiving device 5, and a two-way valve 63 is arranged on the third branch flow path.
Further, a water pressure sensor is respectively arranged at the heat exchange medium inlet 201 and the heat exchange medium outlet 202 of the first condenser 2. The water pressure sensors are electrically connected to the first proportional three-way valve 61, the second proportional three-way valve 62, and the two-way valve 63, respectively.
When the difference value between the detection values of the two water pressure sensors is greater than a preset pressure difference threshold value, the first port 601 is communicated with the third port 603, and the second port 602 is disconnected; the fourth port 604 is in communication with the fifth port 605, and the sixth port 606 is disconnected; the two-way water valve 63 is opened. When the difference value between the detection values of the two water pressure sensors is greater than a preset pressure difference threshold value, the self-cleaning function of the anti-freezing refrigeration system is started, and the flowing direction of water at the moment is the water pump assembly 1, the first pipeline 71, the eighth pipeline 78, the seventh pipeline 77, the fifth pipeline 75, the first condenser 2, the fourth pipeline 74, the third pipeline 73 and the water receiving device 5; wherein the second, sixth and ninth conduits 72, 76, 79 do not participate in the water circulation at this time. Through the arrangement, the cleaning of the first condenser 2 can be automatically completed, and particularly, the cleaning difficulty of the plate heat exchanger is reduced on occasions where the plate heat exchanger is selected for use for the first condenser 2, and the refrigerating efficiency is not influenced.
Further, the outdoor unit is provided with an air inlet 101 and an air outlet 102, and is also internally provided with a second condenser 8, an air flow channel is formed between the air inlet 101 and the air outlet 102, and in the air flow channel, the surface air cooler 3, the spraying device 4 and the second condenser 8 are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of the air flow.
Next, the cycle of the antifreeze refrigeration system will be explained in its entirety with reference to fig. 7:
the initial state of the outdoor air is 1 point, the outdoor air is subjected to heat exchange through a surface cooler 3, is subjected to equal-humidity cooling to the temperature of the refrigerant, namely a state point 2, is fully contacted with water through a cooling tower filler in a spraying device 4, is subjected to isentropic cooling to the state point 3, is close to the dew point temperature of the air, and is subjected to cooling through a second condenser 8; it should be added that a pressure sensor may be arranged at the output end of the second condenser 8, and the rotation speed of the fan of the second condenser 8 is controlled by the pressure sensor;
the initial state of the water in the water receiving device 5 is point A, the water is conveyed by the water pump assembly 1 and then exchanges heat in the first condenser 2 and the surface air cooler 3 to be heated, namely, the water reaches a state point B, and then the water is fully contacted with outdoor air through a cooling tower filler of the spraying device 4, and the water is cooled to the state point A due to heat absorption of water evaporation. It should be added that temperature sensors may be disposed at the heat exchange medium inlet 201 and the heat exchange medium outlet 202 of the first condenser 2, and the water pump rotation speed of the water pump assembly 1 is controlled by measuring the temperature difference between the two; meanwhile, a condensation pressure sensor is arranged at the refrigerant outlet 204 to control the rotating speed of the fan of the second condenser 8, when the condensation pressure exceeds a preset threshold value, namely the saturation temperature of the refrigerant is high at the moment, the temperature control requirement is not met, the rotating speed of the fan is increased, and the evaporative cooling efficiency of water in the filler of the cooling tower can be increased, so that the temperature of cooling water is reduced, and the temperature of the refrigerant in the first condenser 2 is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the condenser further comprises a liquid storage tank 25, a refrigerant pump 26 and a first evaporator 27, wherein a refrigerant outlet 204 of the first condenser 2 is communicated with an input end of the liquid storage tank 25, an output end of the liquid storage tank 25 is communicated with an input end of the refrigerant pump 26, an output end of the refrigerant pump 26 is communicated with an input end of the first evaporator 27, and an output end of the first evaporator 27 is communicated with a refrigerant inlet 203 of the first condenser 2.
The anti-freezing refrigeration system further comprises a second evaporator 81 and a compressor 82, wherein the output end of the second condenser 8 is communicated with the input end of the second evaporator 81, the output end of the second evaporator 81 is communicated with the input end of the compressor 82, and the output end of the compressor 82 is communicated with the input end of the second condenser 8.
Further, the outdoor air conditioner also comprises an outdoor temperature sensor arranged outdoors, the outdoor temperature sensor is used for judging whether the refrigerating capacity is larger than a load, and a first electromagnetic valve 91 is arranged between the output end of the second condenser 8 and the input end of the second evaporator 81.
A second solenoid valve 92 is provided between the refrigerant outlet 204 of the first condenser 2 and the input end of the first solenoid valve 91.
A third solenoid valve 93 is provided between the output end of the refrigerant pump 26 and the input end of the second evaporator 81.
A fourth solenoid valve 94 is provided between the output of the refrigerant pump 26 and the input of the first evaporator 27.
The outdoor temperature sensor is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve 91, the second solenoid valve 92, the third solenoid valve 93, and the fourth solenoid valve 94, respectively.
The compressor 82 is connected in parallel with a first check valve 95, and a third check valve 97 is provided between the first condenser 2 and the liquid reservoir 25. The refrigerant pump 26 is connected in parallel with a fourth check valve 98.
The antifreeze refrigeration system provided by the embodiment can greatly prolong the operation time of the refrigerant pump 26, and the system at least comprises circulation modes such as a mechanical mode refrigeration cycle, a heat pipe wet mode refrigeration cycle, a heat pipe dry mode refrigeration cycle and the like.
Wherein, the path of the mechanical mode refrigeration cycle is as follows: a compressor 82, a second check valve 96, a second condenser 8, a first solenoid valve 91, and a second evaporator 81;
the path of the heat pipe wet mode refrigeration cycle is as follows: the refrigerant pump 26, the fourth electromagnetic valve 94, the first evaporator 27, the first condenser 2, the third check valve 97, the liquid storage tank 25; it should be noted that the mechanical mode refrigeration cycle and the heat pipe wet mode refrigeration cycle can be circulated simultaneously;
the path of the heat pipe dry mode refrigeration cycle is as follows: a refrigerant pump 26, a third electromagnetic valve 93, an electronic expansion valve 99, a second evaporator 81, a first check valve 95, a second condenser 8, a second electromagnetic valve 92 and a liquid storage tank 25.
When the refrigerating capacity of the heat pipe dry mode refrigerating cycle is insufficient, the mechanical mode refrigerating cycle can be started to perform auxiliary cold supplement, namely the heat pipe dry mode refrigerating cycle and the mechanical mode refrigerating cycle can exist at the same time; similarly, when the refrigerating capacity of the heat pipe wet mode refrigerating cycle is insufficient, the mechanical mode refrigerating cycle can be started to perform auxiliary cold compensation, namely, the heat pipe wet mode refrigerating cycle and the mechanical mode refrigerating cycle can exist at the same time.
In summary, the anti-freezing refrigeration system provided by the embodiment includes the following effects: 1. the outdoor unit is integrated with a first condenser 2 (in a water cooling mode) and a second condenser 8 (in an air cooling mode), so that the occupied area is small, and the heat dissipation is more reliable; 2. the dew point temperature is used for cooling, so that the environment temperature of the refrigerant pump 26 during starting and running can be higher, the requirement on humidity is lower, a natural cold source can be used in all weather, and the energy-saving effect is better; 3. the air cooling and water cooling modes can be provided simultaneously, and the outdoor unit can provide double cold sources; 4. the water flow of the surface cooler 3 and the first condenser 2 can be adjusted in real time through a proportional three-way valve, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the first condenser 2 is considered while the wet bulb/dew point efficiency of the whole machine is ensured; 5. the problem of freezing prevention in winter is solved, and water cooling cold sources can be provided while the temperature and humidity of the cooling tower filler and the coil pipe of the surface cooler are ensured to be above the freezing condition by preheating water in the surface cooler in winter, so that the full-application scene is adapted; 6. the inlet and outlet reversing of the first condenser 2 (a plate heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and the like) is realized by utilizing a differential pressure sensor, and the refrigeration efficiency is not influenced while the on-line reverse flushing is automatically carried out; 7. by expanding the operation modes of the anti-freezing refrigeration system (at least comprising a mechanical mode refrigeration cycle, b mechanical mode refrigeration cycle and heat pipe wet mode refrigeration cycle, c heat pipe wet mode refrigeration cycle, d heat pipe dry mode refrigeration cycle, e heat pipe dry mode refrigeration cycle and mechanical mode refrigeration cycle species modes), the natural cold source is utilized to the maximum extent, and the operation energy efficiency is improved.
Example two
The present embodiment provides a control method of an antifreeze refrigeration system, which is applied to the antifreeze refrigeration system of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the control method includes:
s101, the refrigerant pump 86 is started, the first electromagnetic valve 91 is controlled to be closed, the second electromagnetic valve 92 is controlled to be opened, the third electromagnetic valve 93 is controlled to be opened, and the fourth electromagnetic valve 94 is controlled to be closed. The antifreeze refrigeration system is performing a heat pipe dry mode refrigeration cycle.
S102, acquiring an outdoor temperature value; namely, the refrigerating capacity of the anti-freezing refrigerating system is obtained.
S103, judging whether the outdoor temperature value is smaller than or equal to a preset outdoor temperature threshold value. The method for judging whether the outdoor temperature value (refrigerating capacity) is less than or equal to the outdoor temperature threshold value adopts a mode of directly measuring the outdoor temperature, and also comprises an increasing judgment mode, for example, when the obtained outdoor temperature is lower than the threshold value and the difference value between the outdoor temperature and the threshold value is increased along with time, the refrigerating capacity is judged to be larger than the load.
And S104, if yes, maintaining the states of the first solenoid valve 91, the second solenoid valve 92, the third solenoid valve 93 and the fourth solenoid valve 94.
S105, if not, the compressor 82 is started to maintain the states of the first solenoid valve 91, the second solenoid valve 92, the third solenoid valve 93, and the fourth solenoid valve 94. At the moment, the anti-freezing refrigeration system judges that the refrigerating capacity of the heat pipe dry mode refrigeration cycle is smaller than the load, and then the mechanical mode refrigeration cycle is started to carry out auxiliary cold supplement.
The two modes of the heat pipe dry mode refrigeration cycle and the mechanical mode refrigeration cycle are switched, and it is to be understood that various starting conditions can be set to match the freeze-proof refrigeration system to have various modes; exemplary, 1, mechanical mode refrigeration cycle; 2. mechanical mode refrigeration cycle + heat pipe wet mode refrigeration cycle (started when the moisture is sufficient and the outdoor cold source is insufficient); 3. a heat pipe wet mode refrigeration cycle (started when the moisture is sufficient and the outdoor cold source is sufficient); 4. a heat pipe dry mode refrigeration cycle (started when water is short and an outdoor cold source is sufficient); 5. a heat pipe dry mode refrigeration cycle and a mechanical mode refrigeration cycle (started when water is deficient and an outdoor cold source is insufficient); the refrigerant pump 26 is used in the second mode to the fourth mode, so that the running time of the refrigerant pump 26 is greatly improved, the refrigerating efficiency of the anti-freezing refrigerating system is improved, and the environmental protection performance of the anti-freezing refrigerating system is improved.
The control method also comprises the automatic control of the anti-freezing function of the anti-freezing control system, and the specific flow is as follows:
s201, acquiring the wet bulb temperature of outdoor air treated by the surface air cooler 3;
s202, judging whether the wet bulb temperature of the outdoor air processed by the surface air cooler 3 is greater than a preset wet bulb temperature or not;
s203, if yes, decreasing the opening degree of the fourth port 604 of the second proportional three-way valve 62; decreasing the opening degree of the fourth port 604 can decrease the flow of the preheated refrigerant into the seventh pipe 77, thereby decreasing the temperature in the refrigerant in the ninth pipe 79;
s204, if not, increasing the opening degree of the fourth port 604 of the second proportional three-way valve 62; wherein increasing the opening of the fourth port 604 also decreases the opening of the sixth port 606, and vice versa; so that the refrigerant preheated by the first condenser 2 flows into the seventh pipe 77, increasing the temperature in the refrigerant in the ninth pipe 79.
Similarly, when a temperature sensor is disposed at the surface cooling outlet 302 of the surface cooler 3, the following steps are performed:
s301, acquiring the temperature of a surface cooling outlet 302 of the surface cooler 3;
s302, judging whether the temperature of the surface cooling outlet 302 of the surface cooler 3 is larger than a preset temperature value or not;
s303, if yes, decreasing the opening degree of the fourth port 604 of the second proportional three-way valve 62;
s304, if not, the opening degree of the fourth port 604 of the second proportional three-way valve 62 is increased.
Additionally, the control method further comprises implementing an automatic cleaning function; the automatic cleaning of the first condenser 2 can be realized by the following steps, the first condenser 2 does not need to be detached, and the normal refrigeration of the anti-freezing refrigeration equipment can be ensured.
S401, obtaining a pressure value of the heat exchange medium outlet 202;
s402, judging whether the pressure value of the heat exchange medium outlet 202 is larger than a preset pressure threshold value or not;
s403, if yes, controlling the first proportional three-way valve 61 to connect the first port 601 and the third port 603, and disconnect the second port 602; controlling the second proportional three-way valve 62 to connect the fourth port 604 with the fifth port 605 and disconnect the sixth port 606; controlling the two-way water valve 63 to open;
s404, if not, controlling the two-way water valve 63 to be disconnected; controlling the first proportional three-way valve 61 to communicate the first port 601, the second port 602, and the third port 603; the second proportional three-way valve 62 is controlled so that the fourth port 604, the sixth port 606 and the fifth port 605 communicate.
It is necessary to supplement that, in order to fully utilize the outdoor cold source and improve the energy saving effect, the control method further includes the following three steps:
the anti-freezing refrigeration system also comprises a memory for storing a first relational expression between the condensing pressure and the fan rotating speed of the second condenser 8; wherein, the first relational expression can be a positive correlation relational expression between the condensing pressure and the rotating speed of the fan; when the condensing pressure is too high, the saturation temperature is high, and the rotating speed of the fan needs to be increased to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the second condensing pipe 8.
S501, acquiring the condensation pressure at the output end of the second condenser 8;
s502, obtaining the rotating speed of the fan according to the condensing pressure and the first relational expression;
and S503, adjusting the rotating speed of the fan of the second condenser 8 according to the rotating speed of the fan.
The memory also stores a second relational expression of the temperature difference and the rotating speed of the water pump assembly 1; the second relational expression can be a negative correlation relational expression between the temperature difference value and the rotating speed of the water pump assembly 1; that is, when the isothermal difference is too large, the rotation speed of the water pump assembly 1 needs to be reduced to increase the heat exchange time of water and the first condenser 2 to reduce the temperature difference.
S601, controlling the water pump assembly 1 to operate at a preset rotating speed;
s602, acquiring a temperature difference between the heat exchange medium inlet 201 and the heat exchange medium outlet 202 of the first condenser 2;
s603, acquiring the water pump rotating speed of the water pump assembly according to the temperature difference and the second relational expression;
and S604, adjusting the rotating speed of the water pump assembly 1 according to the rotating speed of the water pump.
Additionally, the rotation speed of the fan can be controlled by measuring the pressure of the first condenser 2, and the specific steps are as follows:
s701, controlling a fan of the second condenser 8 to operate at a preset rotating speed;
s702, acquiring the condensing pressure of the refrigerant outlet 204 of the first condenser 2;
s703, judging whether the condensation pressure exceeds a preset threshold value;
s704, if yes, increasing the rotating speed of the fan;
and S705, if not, maintaining the rotating speed of the fan.
In conclusion, the anti-freezing refrigeration system and the control method provided by the embodiment can effectively reduce the running time of the compressor, fully utilize the outdoor cold source, overcome the defects that the plate heat exchanger is not easy to clean and the pipeline of the outdoor unit is easy to freeze, and ensure the environment-friendly and energy-saving capabilities of the plate heat exchanger.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-freezing refrigeration system is characterized by comprising an outdoor unit, wherein the outdoor unit comprises a water pump assembly (1), a first condenser (2), a surface air cooler (3), a spraying device (4) and a water receiving device (5) for recovering water sprayed out of the spraying device (4);
the output end of the water pump assembly (1) is communicated with a heat exchange medium inlet (201) of the first condenser (2), and a heat exchange medium outlet (202) of the first condenser (2) is respectively communicated with the input end of the spraying device (4) and a surface cooling inlet (301) of the surface cooler (3);
the output end of the water pump assembly (1) is also communicated with a surface cooling inlet (301) of the surface cooler (3), and a surface cooling outlet (302) of the surface cooler (3) is communicated with the input end of the spraying device (4);
the water outlet of the water receiving device (5) is communicated with the input end of the water pump assembly (1).
2. The antifreeze cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that a first proportional three-way valve (61) is communicated between the output end of the water pump assembly (1) and the heat exchange medium inlet (201) of the first condenser (2); a second proportional three-way valve (62) is communicated between the heat exchange medium outlet (202) of the first condenser (2) and the input end of the spraying device (4);
a first port (601) of the first proportional three-way valve (61) is communicated with an output end of the water pump assembly (1), a second port (602) of the first proportional three-way valve (61) is communicated with the heat exchange medium inlet (201), and a third port (603) of the first proportional three-way valve (61) is communicated with the surface cooling inlet (301);
and a fourth port (604) of the second proportional three-way valve (62) is communicated with the surface cooling inlet (301), a fifth port (605) of the second proportional three-way valve (62) is communicated with the heat exchange medium outlet (202), and a sixth port (606) of the second proportional three-way valve (62) is communicated with the input end of the spraying device (4).
3. The anti-freezing refrigeration system as recited in claim 2, characterized in that a third branch is communicated between the second port (602) and the heat exchange medium inlet (201), the third branch flows to the water receiving device (5), and a water through valve (63) is arranged on the third branch.
4. The antifreeze cooling system according to claim 3, wherein a water pressure sensor is respectively arranged at the heat exchange medium inlet (201) and the heat exchange medium outlet (202) of the first condenser (2); the water pressure sensor is electrically connected with the first proportional three-way valve (61), the second proportional three-way valve (62) and the two-way water valve (63) respectively;
when the difference value between the detection values of the two water pressure sensors is larger than a preset pressure difference threshold value, the first proportional three-way valve (61) controls the first port (601) and the third port (603) to be communicated, and the second port (602) is disconnected; the second proportional three-way valve (62) controls the fourth port (604) to communicate with the fifth port (605), and the sixth port (606) is disconnected; and the two-way water valve (63) controls the third shunt branch to be communicated.
5. The anti-freezing refrigeration system of claim 2, wherein the outdoor unit is provided with an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (102), and a second condenser (8) is further disposed inside the outdoor unit, an air flow channel is formed between the air inlet (101) and the air outlet (102), and in the air flow channel, the surface air cooler (3), the spraying device (4) and the second condenser (8) are sequentially disposed along a flow direction of the air flow.
6. The anti-freezing refrigeration system according to claim 5, characterized in that a temperature and humidity sensor (64) is further arranged between the surface air cooler (3) and the spray device (4), and the temperature and humidity sensor (64) is used for detecting the wet bulb temperature of the air passing through the surface air cooler (3);
the temperature and humidity sensor is electrically connected with the second proportional three-way valve (62);
when the temperature and humidity sensor (64) detects that the wet bulb temperature is smaller than a preset wet bulb threshold value, the second proportional three-way valve (62) controls the fourth port (604) to increase the opening degree.
7. The antifreeze cooling system as set forth in claim 5, wherein a temperature sensor is provided at a surface cooling outlet (302) of the surface cooler (3) for measuring the temperature of the water after passing through the surface cooler (3);
the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the second proportional three-way valve (62);
when the detected temperature of the temperature sensor is smaller than a preset water temperature threshold value, the second proportional three-way valve (62) controls the fourth port (604) to increase the opening degree.
8. The antifreeze refrigeration system according to claim 5, further comprising a liquid storage tank (25), a refrigerant pump (26) and a first evaporator (27), wherein the refrigerant outlet (204) of the first condenser (2) is communicated with the input end of the liquid storage tank (25), the output end of the liquid storage tank (25) is communicated with the input end of the refrigerant pump (26), the output end of the refrigerant pump (26) is communicated with the input end of the first evaporator (27), and the output end of the first evaporator (27) is communicated with the refrigerant inlet (203) of the first condenser (2);
the anti-freezing refrigeration system further comprises a second evaporator (81) and a compressor (82), the output end of the second condenser (8) is communicated with the input end of the second evaporator (81), the output end of the second evaporator (81) is communicated with the input end of the compressor (82), and the output end of the compressor (82) is communicated with the input end of the second condenser (8).
9. The antifreeze cooling system of claim 8, further comprising an outdoor temperature sensor disposed outdoors, wherein a first solenoid valve (91) is disposed between an output of the second condenser (8) and an input of the second evaporator (81);
a second electromagnetic valve (92) is arranged between a refrigerant outlet (204) of the first condenser (2) and an input end of the first electromagnetic valve (91);
a third electromagnetic valve (93) is arranged between the output end of the refrigerant pump (26) and the input end of the second evaporator (81);
a fourth electromagnetic valve (94) is arranged between the output end of the refrigerant pump (26) and the input end of the first evaporator (27);
the outdoor temperature sensor is electrically connected with the first solenoid valve (91), the second solenoid valve (92), the third solenoid valve (93) and the fourth solenoid valve (94) respectively;
compressor (82) parallel connection has first check valve (95), first condenser (2) with be provided with third check valve (97) between liquid storage pot (25).
10. A control method for an antifreeze refrigeration system, which is applied to the antifreeze refrigeration system according to claim 9, the control method comprising:
starting the refrigerant pump, controlling the first electromagnetic valve to be closed, controlling the second electromagnetic valve to be opened, controlling the third electromagnetic valve to be opened, and controlling the fourth electromagnetic valve to be closed;
acquiring an outdoor temperature value;
judging whether the outdoor temperature value is less than or equal to a preset outdoor temperature threshold value or not;
if so, maintaining the states of the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve;
if not, the compressor is started.
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