CN113531505A - Trapezoidal structure solar energy collection system - Google Patents

Trapezoidal structure solar energy collection system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113531505A
CN113531505A CN202010290573.8A CN202010290573A CN113531505A CN 113531505 A CN113531505 A CN 113531505A CN 202010290573 A CN202010290573 A CN 202010290573A CN 113531505 A CN113531505 A CN 113531505A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat
pipe
heat collecting
box
tube
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Pending
Application number
CN202010290573.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郭春生
薛丽红
李蒸
许艳锋
李言伟
江程
马军
薛于凡
谷潇潇
宁文婧
刘元帅
韩卓晟
逯晓康
刘萍萍
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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Application filed by Shandong University filed Critical Shandong University
Priority to CN202010290573.8A priority Critical patent/CN113531505A/en
Publication of CN113531505A publication Critical patent/CN113531505A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/74—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits are not fixed to heat absorbing plates and are not touching each other
    • F24S10/746—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits are not fixed to heat absorbing plates and are not touching each other the conduits being spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
    • F24S10/95—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/87—Reflectors layout
    • F24S2023/872—Assemblies of spaced reflective elements on common support, e.g. Fresnel reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/11—Driving means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Abstract

The invention provides a solar heat collecting system with a trapezoidal structure, which comprises a box body and a heat collecting device, wherein the heat collecting device comprises a heat collecting part and a heat releasing part, the heat releasing part is arranged in the box body, the heat collecting part is arranged outside the box body, the heat collecting part absorbs solar energy, the heat collecting box is of a trapezoidal structure, and the side length of the lower part of the heat collecting box is larger than that of the upper part of the heat collecting box. The invention provides a novel solar heat collection system with a trapezoidal structure, which increases the heat absorption area of the lower part, increases the heat absorption capacity, and ensures that the change of a focus does not cause the heat absorption capacity loss. The heat absorption area is increased by arranging the trapezoid structure.

Description

Trapezoidal structure solar energy collection system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar energy, and particularly relates to a solar steam system.
Background
With the rapid development of modern socioeconomic, the demand of human beings on energy is increasing. However, the continuous decrease and shortage of traditional energy reserves such as coal, oil, natural gas and the like causes the continuous increase of price, and the environmental pollution problem caused by the conventional fossil fuel is more serious, which greatly limits the development of society and the improvement of the life quality of human beings. Energy problems have become one of the most prominent problems in the modern world. Therefore, the search for new energy sources, especially clean energy sources without pollution, has become a hot spot of research.
The solar energy is inexhaustible clean waterClean energy and huge resource amount, and the total amount of solar radiation energy collected per year on the surface of the earth is 1 multiplied by 1018kW.h, which is ten thousand times of the total energy consumed in the world year. The utilization of solar energy has been used as an important item for the development of new energy in all countries of the world. However, the solar radiation has a small energy density (about one kilowatt per square meter) and is discontinuous, which brings certain difficulties for large-scale exploitation and utilization. Therefore, in order to widely use solar energy, not only the technical problems should be solved, but also it is necessary to be economically competitive with conventional energy sources.
When the steam generator is heated by solar energy, the steam drum is heated by solar energy or directly, or steam is generated through secondary heat exchange, particularly the steam drum is heated directly, fluid convection heat exchange of the upper part and the lower part of the steam drum is carried out by convection heat exchange inside the steam drum, but in the situation, the lower part hot fluid is required to naturally convect to the upper part, and the heat exchange efficiency is low. Aiming at the structure of solar steam, the prior art has been researched and developed a lot, but the heat collecting capability is not enough on the whole, and the problem that the operation time is long and scaling is easy to happen, thus affecting the heat collecting effect.
In any form and structure of solar collector, there is an absorption component for absorbing solar radiation, and the structure of the collector plays an important role in absorbing solar energy. The applicant has previously applied for relevant heat collecting tube patents, which are characterized in that the left upper tube and the right upper tube are mutually independent structures, so that the pressure on the left side and the right side is unbalanced or the liquid level is unbalanced, thereby causing uneven heat exchange on the left side and the right side, causing higher local temperature, even causing larger pressure, and causing fatigue damage of the heat tube. The lower header of the above structure is a flat tube structure, but the heat absorbing area can be increased to some extent, but the whole structure still needs to be improved, and the heat absorbing area is further increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a solar steam device with a novel structure. The steam device can ensure that the heat exchange of the heat collecting pipe is uniform, and the heat collecting effect is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a solar steam device comprises a box body and a heat collecting device, wherein the heat collecting device comprises a heat collecting component and a heat releasing component, the heat releasing component is arranged in the box body, the heat collecting component is arranged outside the box body, the heat collecting component absorbs solar energy and then releases heat into the box body through the heat releasing component, the heat collecting component comprises a heat collecting pipe box positioned at the lower part, the heat releasing component comprises a left upper pipe, a right upper pipe and a heat releasing pipe group, the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe are positioned at the upper part of the heat collecting pipe box, the heat releasing pipe group comprises a left heat releasing pipe group and a right heat releasing pipe group, the left heat releasing pipe group is communicated with the left upper pipe and the heat collecting pipe box, the right heat releasing pipe group is communicated with the right upper pipe and the heat collecting pipe box, therefore the heat collecting pipe box, the left upper pipe, the right upper pipe and the heat releasing pipe groups form a closed heating fluid circulation, the heat releasing pipe groups are one or more, and each heat releasing pipe group comprises a plurality of arc-shaped heat releasing pipes, the end parts of the adjacent heat release pipes are communicated, so that the plurality of heat release pipes form a serial structure, and the end parts of the heat release pipes form free ends of the heat release pipes; the heat collection tube box comprises a first tube opening and a second tube opening, the first tube opening is connected with an inlet of the left heat release tube group, the second tube opening is connected with an inlet of the right heat release tube group, an outlet of the left heat release tube group is connected with the left upper tube, and an outlet of the right heat release tube group is connected with the right upper tube; the left heat-releasing pipe group and the right heat-releasing pipe group are symmetrical along the middle part of the heat-collecting pipe box; the heat collecting tube box is characterized by being of a trapezoidal structure, wherein the side length of the lower part of the heat collecting tube box is larger than that of the upper part of the heat collecting tube box. .
Preferably, the heat collecting device comprises a reflector, and in the descaling stage, the operation that whether the heat collecting tube box is located at the focus of the reflector is performed to collect heat or not is completed in a manner that whether the heat collecting tube box is located at the focus of the reflector or not is adopted;
the reflecting mirror is divided into two parts along the middle part, namely a first part and a second part, the supporting piece is arranged at the lower part of the heat collecting tube box, the hydraulic telescopic rod extends out of the supporting column and is connected to the first part and the second part in an extending mode respectively for driving the first part and the second part to be separated or combined together, when the first part and the second part are combined together, the reflecting mirror forms a complete reflecting mirror, and the heat collecting tube box is located at the focus position of the reflecting mirror and is used for collecting heat for the heat collecting tube box; when the first and second parts are separated, the heat collecting tube box is not located at the focus of the first and second parts, and is not heated.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the heat collecting tube box is of a trapezoidal structure. The side length of the lower part is larger than that of the upper part, so that the heat absorption area of the lower part is increased, the heat absorption capacity is increased, and the heat absorption capacity loss can not be caused even if the focus is changed. The heat absorption area is increased by arranging the trapezoid structure.
2. The invention provides a solar steam generator with a new heat pipe structure, which automatically regulates and controls the pressure balance of a left upper pipe and a right upper pipe through pressure sensors arranged on the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe and a valve between the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe, thereby ensuring that the heat exchange on the left side and the right side is uniform.
3. According to the invention, the opening degree of the valve is gradually changed, so that the heat collecting device can meet the requirement of uniform heat.
4. According to the invention, through the pressure difference between the front time period and the rear time period or the accumulated pressure difference detected by the pressure sensing element, the evaporation of the internal fluid can be judged to be basically saturated through the pressure difference, and the volume of the internal fluid is basically not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the pressure difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and heat collection is needed to ensure that the fluid is evaporated and expanded again, so that heat collection needs to be started.
5. The invention optimizes the optimal relation of the parameters of the heat collecting device through a large amount of experiments and numerical simulation, thereby realizing the optimal heating efficiency.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a heat collecting device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the solar steam apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a preferred front view of the heat collecting device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a preferred front view of the heat collecting device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a left side view of the heat collecting device of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the heat collecting device of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
FIG. 7-1 is a front view of the heat collecting system of the present invention.
FIG. 7-2 is a front view of the heat collecting system of the present invention without collecting heat.
Fig. 7-3 are front views illustrating heat collection of a preferred heat collecting device according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 to 4 are front views of the preferred heat collecting apparatus of the present invention without collecting heat.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a heat collecting device.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred hydraulic pump.
In the figure: 1. the heat release pipe group, the left heat release pipe group 11, the right heat release pipe group 12, 21, the left upper pipe, 22, the right upper pipe, 3, the free end, 4, the free end, 5, the free end, 6, the free end, 7, the heat release pipe, 8, the heat collection pipe box, 9, the fluid channel, 10 the first orifice, 13 the second orifice, the left return pipe 14, the right return pipe 15, 16 mirrors, 17 support piece, 18 boxes, 19 communicating pipes, 20 valves
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
In this document, "/" denotes division and "×", "denotes multiplication, referring to formulas, if not specifically stated.
As shown in fig. 1, a heat collecting device comprises a heat collecting pipe box 8, a left upper pipe 21, a right upper pipe 22 and a heat releasing pipe group 1, wherein the heat releasing pipe group 1 comprises a left heat releasing pipe group 11 and a right heat releasing pipe group 12, the left heat releasing pipe group 11 is communicated with the left upper pipe 21 and the heat collecting pipe box 8, the right heat releasing pipe group 12 is communicated with the right upper pipe 22 and the heat collecting pipe box 8, so that the heat collecting pipe box 8, the left upper pipe 21, the right upper pipe 22 and the heat releasing pipe group 1 form a closed circulation of heating fluid, the heat collecting pipe box 8 is filled with phase change fluid, each heat releasing pipe group 1 comprises a plurality of heat releasing pipes 7 in an arc shape, the end parts of the adjacent heat releasing pipes 7 are communicated, so that the plurality of heat releasing pipes 7 form a serial structure, and the end parts of the heat releasing pipes 7 form heat releasing pipe free ends 3-6; the heat collecting tube box comprises a first tube opening 10 and a second tube opening 13, the first tube opening 10 is connected with an inlet of a left heat-releasing tube group 11, the second tube opening 13 is connected with an inlet of a right heat-releasing tube group 12, an outlet of the left heat-releasing tube group 11 is connected with a left upper tube 21, and an outlet of the right heat-releasing tube group 12 is connected with a right upper tube 22; the first nozzle 10 and the second nozzle 13 are disposed at one side of the heat collecting tube box 8. Preferably, the left and right heat-releasing tube groups 11 and 12 are symmetrical along the middle of the heat collecting tube box. A communicating pipe 19 is arranged between the upper left pipe and the upper right pipe. The pressure of the upper left pipe and the pressure of the upper right pipe are balanced through the communicating pipe.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the communication pipe 19 is increased along the flow direction of the fluid in the fluid passage 9. Along the flowing direction of the fluid, the temperature of the fluid is continuously increased, and the pressure is continuously increased. Through the pipe diameter grow of giving out heat the nest of tubes, can guarantee along fluid flow direction for whole heat transfer is even, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect.
Preferably, the installation density of the communication pipes 19 is increased along the flow direction of the fluid in the fluid passage 9. Along the flowing direction of the fluid, the temperature of the fluid is continuously increased, and the pressure is continuously increased. The density grow through the heat release pipe group can guarantee along fluid flow direction for whole heat transfer is even, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the communication pipe 19 is preferably disposed above the middle of the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22, the valve 20 is disposed on the communication pipe 19, the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22 are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor and the valve 20 are in data connection with a controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the pressure valve according to the pressure difference between the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22.
Preferably, when the detected pressure difference between the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22 exceeds a certain value, the controller controls the valve to open; when the detected pressure difference between the upper left pipe and the upper right pipe is lower than a certain value, the controller controls the valve to be closed.
The invention provides a solar steam generator with a new heat pipe structure, which automatically regulates and controls the pressure balance of a left upper pipe and a right upper pipe through pressure sensors arranged on the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe and a valve between the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe, thereby ensuring that the heat exchange on the left side and the right side is uniform and realizing the balanced control of a system.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the communication pipe 19 is preferably disposed above the middle of the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22, the valve 20 is disposed on the communication pipe 19, the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22 are respectively provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor and the valve 20 are in data connection with a controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the pressure valve according to the temperature difference between the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22.
Preferably, when the detected temperature difference between the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22 exceeds a certain value, the controller controls the valve to open; when the detected temperature difference between the upper left pipe and the upper right pipe is lower than a certain value, the controller controls the valve to be closed.
The invention provides a solar steam generator with a new heat pipe structure, which automatically regulates and controls the heat balance of a left upper pipe and a right upper pipe through temperature sensors arranged on the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe and a valve between the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe, thereby ensuring that the heat exchange on the left side and the right side is uniform and realizing the balanced control of a system.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the communication pipe 19 is preferably disposed at a lower position of the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22, the valve 20 is disposed on the communication pipe 19, the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22 are respectively provided with a liquid level sensor, the liquid level sensor and the valve 20 are in data connection with a controller, and the controller controls the opening and closing of the pressure valve according to a liquid level difference between the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22.
Preferably, when the detected liquid level difference between the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22 exceeds a certain value, the controller controls the valve to open; and when the detected liquid level difference between the upper left pipe and the upper right pipe is lower than a certain numerical value, the controller controls the valve to be closed.
The invention provides a solar steam generator with a new heat pipe structure, which automatically regulates and controls the liquid level balance of a left upper pipe and a right upper pipe through liquid level sensors arranged on the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe and a valve between the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe, avoids overhigh or overlow liquid level, ensures uniform heat exchange of the left side and the right side, and realizes the balanced control of a system.
Fluid, preferably water, flows in a horizontal direction within the tank 18. Preferably, the communication pipe 19 is provided in plurality, and the opening degree of the valve 20 of the communication pipe 19 gradually increases along the fluid flowing direction. The main reason is that in the study it was found that the pressure or temperature difference between the upper left and upper right tubes becomes progressively larger with the direction of fluid flow. Since the fluid temperature is higher and higher as the fluid continues to flow, the amount of heat absorption decreases. Resulting in a gradually increasing pressure or temperature difference between the upper left and upper right tubes. Therefore, the opening degree of the valve 20 needs to be gradually adjusted to meet the requirement of uniform heat exchange. The above-described improvements are an inventive point of the present application and are not common knowledge.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the heat collecting tube box 8 has a trapezoidal structure. The side length of the lower part is larger than that of the upper part, so that the heat absorption area of the lower part is increased, the heat absorption capacity is increased, and the heat absorption capacity loss can not be caused even if the focus is changed. The heat absorption area is increased by arranging the trapezoid structure.
Preferably, the left upper tube 21, the right upper tube 22 and the heat collecting tube box 8 extend in a horizontal direction.
Preferably, a plurality of heat radiation tube groups 1 are arranged along the horizontal direction of the left upper tube 21, the right upper tube 22 and the heat collecting tube box 8, and the heat radiation tube groups 1 are connected in parallel.
Preferably, a left return pipe 14 is disposed between the left upper pipe 21 and the heat collecting tube box 8, and a right return pipe 14 is disposed between the right upper pipe 22 and the heat collecting tube box 8. Preferably, the return pipe is provided at both ends in the horizontal direction.
The heat collecting tube box 8 is filled with phase-change fluid, preferably vapor-liquid phase-change fluid. The fluid heats and evaporates at the heat collecting tube box 8, flows along the heat release tube bundle to the upper left pipe 21 and the upper right pipe 22, and the fluid can produce volume expansion after being heated, thereby forming steam, and the volume of steam is far greater than water, and the steam that consequently forms can carry out the flow of quick impact formula in the coil pipe. Because of volume expansion and steam flow, the free end of the heat-radiating pipe can be induced to vibrate, the vibration is transmitted to the surrounding heat-exchanging fluid by the free end of the heat-exchanging pipe in the vibrating process, and the fluid can also generate disturbance, so that the surrounding heat-exchanging fluid forms disturbance flow, a boundary layer is damaged, and the purpose of enhancing heat transfer is realized. The fluid is condensed and released heat on the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe and then flows back to the heat collecting pipe box through the return pipe.
According to the invention, the upper pipe and the heat release pipe groups are respectively arranged into two groups distributed on the left and right, so that the heat release pipe groups distributed on the left and right sides can perform vibration heat exchange descaling, the heat exchange vibration area is enlarged, the vibration is more uniform, the heat exchange effect is more uniform, the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange and descaling effects are enhanced.
Preferably, the heat release pipes of the left heat release pipe group are distributed around the axis of the left upper pipe, and the heat release pipes of the right heat release pipe group are distributed around the axis of the right upper pipe. The left upper pipe and the right upper pipe are arranged as circle centers, so that the distribution of the heat release pipes can be better ensured, and the vibration and the heating are uniform.
Preferably, the left heat-releasing tube group and the right heat-releasing tube group are both plural.
Preferably, the left heat-releasing tube group and the right heat-releasing tube group are mirror-symmetrical along a plane on which a vertical axis of the heat collecting tube box is located. Through such setting, can make the heat release pipe distribution of heat transfer more reasonable even, improve the heat transfer effect.
Preferably, a reflecting mirror 16 is provided at a lower portion of the heat collecting device, the heat collecting tube box is located at a focal position of the reflecting mirror 16, and the left and right heat releasing tube groups are located in the fluid passage. Thereby forming a solar energy collection system.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, a support member 17 is included, and the support member 17 supports the heat collecting device.
Preferably, the system is a solar steam appliance, the appliance comprising a housing 18 including a water inlet and a steam outlet. As shown in fig. 2, the heat collecting tube box 8 is located at a lower end of the box body 18. The left upper tube 21, the right upper tube 22, the left heat-releasing tube group 11, and the right heat-releasing tube group 12 are provided in the tank 18, and generate steam by heat-releasing water in the tank 18.
Preferably, the steam outlet is located at an upper portion of the cabinet 18.
Preferably, a fluid channel is included within which fluid flows. As shown in fig. 2, the heat collecting tube box 8 is located at a lower end of the fluid passage, as shown in fig. 2. The upper left tube 21, the upper right tube 22, the left heat-releasing tube group 11, and the right heat-releasing tube group 12 are provided in the fluid passage, and heat the fluid in the fluid passage by releasing heat.
Preferably, the flow direction of the fluid is the same as the direction in which the left and right upper tubes 21 and 22 and the heat collecting tube box 8 extend. Through such arrangement, fluid scours the heat pipe set of the house when flowing, especially the free end of the heat pipe set, so that the free end vibrates, heat transfer is enhanced, and the descaling effect is achieved.
This application is to above-mentioned structure further improvement, reinforcing scale removal and heat transfer effect.
In the operation of the solar heat collector, although the structure has the elastic vibration descaling effect, the descaling effect needs to be further improved after long-term operation.
It has been found in research and practice that a sustained and stable heat collection results in a stable fluid formation of the internal heat collecting means, i.e. no fluid flow or little fluid flow, or a stable flow, resulting in a greatly reduced vibration performance of the heat emitting tube bank 1, thereby affecting the efficiency of descaling and heating of the tube bank 1. For example, continuous heat collection in the day, or continuous no heat collection in the night, results in reduced descaling effect, and continuous heat collection in the day or electric heating descaling in the night is adopted in the prior application, which greatly improves the heat collection effect in the day. However, the above structure requires a separate electric heating device and complicated design of the assembly associated with the electric heating, resulting in a complicated structure, and thus the heat collecting device needs to be improved as follows.
In the prior application, a periodic heating mode is provided, and the vibration of the coil is continuously promoted through the periodic heating mode, so that the heating efficiency and the descaling effect are improved. However, adjusting the vibration of the tube bundle with a fixed periodic variation can lead to hysteresis and too long or too short a period. Therefore, the invention improves the previous application and intelligently controls the vibration, so that the fluid in the device can realize frequent vibration, and a good descaling effect is realized.
Aiming at the defects in the technology researched in the prior art, the invention provides a novel descaling heat collector capable of intelligently controlling vibration. This heat collector can realize fine scale removal effect.
The solar heat collector comprises a descaling stage, and the heat collector operates in the following mode in the descaling stage:
self-regulation vibration based on pressure
Preferably, the heat collecting device is internally provided with a pressure detecting element for detecting the pressure inside the heat collecting device, the controller extracts pressure data according to a time sequence, the pressure data of adjacent time periods are compared to obtain the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change, and when the pressure data of adjacent time periods is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls whether the heat collecting tube box collects heat according to the detected pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change.
Through the pressure difference of the front time period and the rear time period or the accumulated pressure difference detected by the pressure sensing element, the evaporation of the fluid inside can be judged to be basically saturated through the pressure difference, the volume of the fluid inside is basically not changed greatly, the fluid inside is relatively stable under the condition, the vibration of the tube bundle at the moment is poor, and therefore adjustment is needed, the tube bundle vibrates, and heat collection is stopped. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the pressure difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and heat collection is needed to ensure that the fluid is evaporated and expanded again, so that heat collection needs to be started.
The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the running time problem is solved.
Preferably, if the pressure of the previous period is P1 and the pressure of the adjacent following period is P2, if P1< P2, the controller controls to stop heat collection to the heat collecting tube box; if P1> P2, the controller controls the heat collection of the heat collection tube box when the threshold value is lower.
And determining whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state through sequential pressure judgment, thereby determining the operation state of the heat collecting tube box according to different conditions.
Preferably, if the pressure of the previous period is P1, the pressure of the adjacent following period is P2, and if P1 is P2, heat collection is judged according to the following:
if the P1 is larger than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to stop collecting heat; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a pressure at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changed;
and if the pressure P1 is less than or equal to the pressure of the second data, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to continue collecting heat, wherein the pressure of the second data is less than or equal to the pressure at which the phase-change fluid does not change phase.
The first data is pressure data of a sufficient heat collection state, and the second data is pressure data of no heat collection or the beginning of heat collection. Through the judgment of the pressure, whether the current heat collecting pipe box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state is also determined, so that the operation state of the heat collecting pipe box is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the pressure sensing element is disposed within the heat collecting channel 8.
Preferably, the pressure sensing element is disposed at the free end. Through setting up at the free end, can perceive the pressure variation of free end to realize better control and regulation.
Preferably, the number of the pressure sensing elements is n, and the pressure P in the current time period is calculated in sequenceiAnd the previous oneTime interval pressure Qi-1Difference D ofi＝Pi-Qi-1And for n pressure differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
Figure RE-GDA0002498066020000081
And when the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the heat collecting pipe box to stop heat collection or continue heat collection.
Preferably, when Y is greater than 0, the controller controls the heat collecting pipe box to stop collecting heat if Y is lower than a threshold value; if Y is less than 0, the threshold value is lower, and the controller controls the heat collection tube box to collect heat.
And determining whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state through sequential pressure judgment, thereby determining the operation state of the heat collecting tube box according to different conditions.
Preferably, if Y is 0, heat collection is judged according to the following:
if P isiThe arithmetic mean of the first data is greater than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to stop collecting heat; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the pressure at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if P isiThe arithmetic mean of the first data and the second data is less than the pressure of the second data, and the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to continuously collect heat, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the pressure of the phase-change fluid without phase change.
The first data is pressure data of a sufficient heat collection state, and the second data is pressure data of no heat collection or the beginning of heat collection. Through the judgment of the pressure, whether the current heat collecting pipe box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state is also determined, so that the operation state of the heat collecting pipe box is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the period of time for measuring the pressure is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.
Preferably, the threshold is 100-1000 pa, preferably 500 pa.
Preferably, the pressure value may be an average pressure value over a period of the time period. The pressure at a certain moment in time may also be used. For example, preferably both are pressures at the end of the time period.
Independently adjusting vibration based on temperature
Preferably, a temperature detection element is arranged in the heat collection device and used for detecting the temperature in the heat collection device, the temperature detection element is in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts temperature data according to a time sequence, the temperature difference or the accumulation of temperature difference changes is obtained through comparison of liquid level data of adjacent time periods, and when the temperature difference or the accumulation of temperature difference changes is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the heat collection tube box to stop heat collection or continue heat collection.
Through the temperature difference between the time before and after or the accumulated temperature difference detected by the temperature sensing element, the evaporation of the internal fluid can be judged to be basically saturated through the temperature difference, and the volume of the internal fluid is basically not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the temperature difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and heat collection is needed to ensure that the fluid is evaporated and expanded again, so that the heat collection tube box needs to be started to collect heat.
The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the problem of operation time is solved.
Preferably, if the temperature of the previous period is T1 and the temperature of the adjacent following period is T2, if T1< T2, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to stop collecting heat below a threshold value; if T1> T2, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to collect heat when the threshold value is lower than the threshold value.
And determining whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state through the sequential temperature judgment, thereby determining the operation state of the heat collecting tube box according to different conditions.
Preferably, if the temperature of the previous period is T1, the temperature of the adjacent following period is T2, and if T1 is T2, heat collection is judged according to the following:
if the T1 is higher than the temperature of the first data, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to stop collecting heat; wherein the first data is greater than the temperature of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a temperature at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if the temperature T1 is less than or equal to the temperature of the second data, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to continue collecting heat, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the temperature at which the phase change fluid does not change phase.
The first data is temperature data of a sufficient heat collection state, and the second data is temperature data of no heat collection or the beginning of heat collection. Through the judgment of the temperature, whether the current heat collecting pipe box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state is also determined, so that the operation state of the heat collecting pipe box is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the number of the temperature sensing elements is n, and the temperature T in the current time period is calculated in sequenceiTemperature Q of the preceding time periodi-1Difference D ofi＝Ti-Qi-1And for n temperature differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
Figure RE-GDA0002498066020000091
And when the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the heat collecting pipe box to stop heat collection or continue heat collection.
Preferably, when Y is greater than 0, the controller controls the heat collecting pipe box to stop collecting heat if Y is lower than a threshold value; if Y is less than 0, the threshold value is lower, and the controller controls the heat collection tube box to collect heat.
And determining whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state through the sequential temperature judgment, thereby determining the operation state of the heat collecting tube box according to different conditions.
Preferably, if Y is 0, heat collection is judged according to the following:
if T isiThe arithmetic mean of the first data is greater than the temperature of the first data, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to stop collecting heat; wherein the first data is greater than the phase-change fluid after the phase change(ii) temperature; preferably the temperature at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if T isiThe arithmetic mean of the first data and the second data is less than the temperature of the second data, and the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to continuously collect heat, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the temperature at which the phase change fluid does not change phase.
The first data is temperature data of a sufficient heat collection state, and the second data is temperature data of no heat collection or the beginning of heat collection. Through the judgment of the temperature, whether the current heat collecting pipe box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state is also determined, so that the operation state of the heat collecting pipe box is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the period of time for measuring the temperature is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.
Preferably, the threshold is 1-10 degrees Celsius, preferably 4 degrees Celsius.
Preferably, the temperature sensing element is disposed within the heat collecting channel 8.
Preferably, the temperature sensing element is disposed at the free end. Through setting up at the free end, can perceive the temperature variation of free end to realize better control and regulation.
Thirdly, automatically adjusting vibration based on liquid level
Preferably, a liquid level detection element is arranged in the heat collection tube box and used for detecting the liquid level of fluid in the lower tube box, the liquid level detection element is in data connection with the controller, the controller obtains the liquid level difference or the accumulation of the liquid level difference change through comparison of liquid level data of adjacent time periods according to the time sequence liquid level data, and when the liquid level difference or the liquid level difference change is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the heat collection tube box to stop heat collection or continue heat collection.
Through the liquid level difference of the front time and the back time or the accumulated liquid level difference detected by the liquid level sensing element, the evaporation of the internal fluid can be judged to be basically saturated through the liquid level difference, and the volume of the internal fluid is basically not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the liquid level difference rises to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and heat collection is needed to ensure that the fluid is evaporated and expanded again, so that the heat collection tube box needs to be started to collect heat.
The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the liquid level difference or the accumulation of the change of the liquid level difference, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the problem of operation time is solved.
Preferably, if the liquid level of the previous period is L1 and the liquid level of the adjacent following period is L2, if L1> L2, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to stop collecting heat below a threshold value; if the L1< L2, the threshold value is lower, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to collect heat.
And determining whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state through the sequential liquid level judgment, thereby determining the operation state of the heat collecting tube box according to different conditions.
Preferably, if the liquid level of the previous period is L1, and the liquid level of the adjacent subsequent period is L2, if L1 is L2, heat collection is judged according to the following:
if the L1 is less than the liquid level of the first data or the L1 is 0, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to stop collecting heat; wherein the first data is greater than the liquid level of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a level at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase changed;
and if the L1 is greater than or equal to the liquid level of the second data, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to continuously collect heat, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the liquid level at which the phase change fluid does not have phase change.
The first data is liquid level data in a full heat collection state, including liquid level of dry-out, and the second data is liquid level data without heat collection or just beginning heat collection. Through the judgment of the liquid level, whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state is also determined, so that the operation state of the heat collecting tube box is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the number of the liquid level sensing elements is n, and the current time period is calculated in sequenceLiquid level LiAnd the liquid level Q of the previous time periodi-1Difference D ofi＝Li-Qi-1And for n liquid level differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
Figure RE-GDA0002498066020000111
And when the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the heat collecting pipe box to stop heat collection or continue heat collection.
Preferably, when Y is greater than 0, the controller controls the heat collecting pipe box to stop collecting heat if Y is lower than a threshold value; if Y is less than 0, the threshold value is lower, and the controller controls the heat collection tube box to collect heat.
And determining whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state through the sequential liquid level judgment, thereby determining the operation state of the heat collecting tube box according to different conditions.
Preferably, if Y is 0, heat collection is judged according to the following:
if L isiThe arithmetic mean of the first data is less than the liquid level of the first data or 0, and the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to stop collecting heat; wherein the first data is greater than the liquid level of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably a level at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changed;
if L isiThe arithmetic mean of the first data and the second data is larger than the liquid level of the second data, and the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to continuously collect heat, wherein the second data is smaller than or equal to the liquid level at which the phase change fluid does not change the phase.
The first data is liquid level data in a full heat collection state, including liquid level of dry-out, and the second data is liquid level data without heat collection or just beginning heat collection. Through the judgment of the liquid level, whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state is also determined, so that the operation state of the heat collecting tube box is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the period of time for which the measurement is also made is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.
Preferably, the threshold is 1-10 mm, preferably 4 mm.
Preferably, the water level value may be an average water level value over a period of the time period. The water position at a certain moment in time may also be used. Such as preferably both water levels at the end of the time period.
Fourthly, automatically adjusting vibration based on speed
Preferably, a speed detection element is arranged in the free end of the tube bundle and used for detecting the flow speed of fluid in the free end of the tube bundle, the speed detection element is in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts speed data according to a time sequence, the speed difference or the accumulation of the speed difference change is obtained through the comparison of the speed data of adjacent time periods, and when the speed difference or the accumulation of the speed difference is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the heat collection tube box to stop heat collection or continue heat collection.
Through the time speed difference before and after the speed sensing element detects or the accumulated speed difference, the evaporation of the internal fluid can be judged to be basically saturated through the speed difference, and the volume of the internal fluid is basically not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the speed difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and heat collection is needed to ensure that the fluid is evaporated and expanded again, so that the heat collection tube box needs to be started to collect heat.
The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the speed difference or the accumulation of the speed difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the running time problem is solved.
Preferably, if the speed of the previous period is V1 and the speed of the adjacent following period is V2, if V1 < V2, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to stop collecting heat below the threshold; if V1 is greater than V2, the threshold value is lower, and the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to collect heat.
And determining whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state through the sequential speed judgment, thereby determining the operation state of the heat collecting tube box according to different conditions.
Preferably, if the speed of the previous period is V1 and the speed of the adjacent subsequent period is V2, if V1 is V2, heat collection is judged according to the following conditions:
if the V1 is greater than the speed of the first data, the controller controls the heat collecting pipe box to stop collecting heat; wherein the first data is greater than the speed of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is the speed at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase changed;
if the V1 is less than or equal to the speed of the second data, the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to continuously collect heat, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the speed at which the phase-change fluid does not change phase.
The first data is speed data of a sufficient heat collection state, and the second data is speed data of no heat collection or the beginning of heat collection. Through the judgment of the speed, whether the current heat collecting pipe box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state is also determined, so that the operation state of the heat collecting pipe box is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the number of the speed sensing elements is n, and the speed V of the current time period is calculated in sequenceiAnd the previous time speed Qi-1Difference D ofi＝Vi-Qi-1And for n speed differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
Figure RE-GDA0002498066020000121
And when the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the heat collecting pipe box to stop heat collection or continue heat collection.
Preferably, when Y is greater than 0, the controller controls the heat collecting pipe box to stop collecting heat if Y is lower than a threshold value; if Y is less than 0, the threshold value is lower, and the controller controls the heat collection tube box to collect heat.
And determining whether the current heat collecting tube box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state through the sequential speed judgment, thereby determining the operation state of the heat collecting tube box according to different conditions.
Preferably, if Y is 0, heat collection is judged according to the following:
if ViIs greater than the speed of the first data, the controller controlsStopping heat collection of the heat collection pipe box; wherein the first data is greater than the speed of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the rate at which the phase change fluid changes phase substantially;
if ViThe arithmetic mean of the first data and the second data is less than the speed of the second data, and the controller controls the heat collecting tube box to continue collecting heat, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the speed of the phase-change fluid without phase change.
The first data is speed data of a sufficient heat collection state, and the second data is speed data of no heat collection or the beginning of heat collection. Through the judgment of the speed, whether the current heat collecting pipe box is in a heat collecting state or a non-heat collecting state is also determined, so that the operation state of the heat collecting pipe box is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the period of time for measuring the speed is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.
Preferably, the threshold is 1-3 m/s, preferably 2 m/s.
Preferably, the speed value may be an average pressure value over a period of the time period. The speed at a certain moment in time may also be used. For example, preferably both are speeds at the end of the time period.
Preferably, the heat exchanger comprises a descaling process, and the heat exchange is carried out in the descaling process in the manner described above.
Preferably, the heat collecting tube box is heated or not heated by rotating the reflector. When heat collection is required, the reflecting surface of the reflector faces the sun, and when heat collection is not required, the reflecting surface of the reflector does not face the sun. This can be achieved by means of a rotating mirror of a conventional solar tracking system, which need not be described in detail here.
Preferably, another embodiment may be adopted, in which the operation of whether to collect heat or not to collect heat is performed on the heat collecting tube box in a manner of whether the heat collecting tube box is located at the focal point of the reflector. When heat collection is required (period front time), the heat collection tube box is positioned at the focus of the reflector, and when heat collection is not required (period rear time), the heat collection tube box is not positioned at the focus of the reflector.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7-1 to 7-4, the reflector 16 is divided into two portions along a central portion, a first portion 161 and a second portion 162, and a first portion 161 and a second portion 162, as shown in FIG. 7-2. The support member 17 is a support column disposed at a lower portion of the heat collecting tube box 8, and the hydraulic telescopic rods 171 and 172 extend from the support column and are connected to the first and second portions 161 and 162, respectively. For driving the first and second parts apart or together. When the first part and the second part are combined together, the reflector 16 forms a complete reflector, and the heat collecting tube box is located at the focal position of the reflector 16 for collecting heat from the heat collecting tube box. When the first part and the second part are separated, the heat collecting pipe box is not positioned at the focus of the first part and the second part, and heat is not collected to the heat collecting pipe box.
Preferably, the hydraulic telescopic rod is connected with an actuator, the actuator drives the hydraulic telescopic rod to extend and retract, and the telescopic rod extends and retracts to change the position of the focal point of the reflecting mirror.
The hydraulic telescopic rod is connected to the support 17 in a pivoting manner.
As a modified example, as shown in fig. 7-3 and 7-4. The heat collecting device comprises a right hydraulic pump 24, a left hydraulic pump 25, a right hydraulic device 26 and a left hydraulic device 27, telescopic rods 35 and 36 are arranged at the upper parts of the right hydraulic device 26 and the left hydraulic device 27 and are connected to the lower parts of a second part 162 and a first part 161 in a pivoting mode, and the right hydraulic pump 24 and the left hydraulic pump 25 respectively drive the right hydraulic device 26 and the left hydraulic device 27 to ascend and descend.
Preferably, the device further comprises a right support bar 28 and a left support bar 29, the right support bar 28 and the left support bar 29 comprising a first part and a second part, the first part being located at the lower part, the lower end of the first part being pivotally connected to the support member 17, the second part being a telescopic bar, the upper end of the telescopic bar being pivotally connected to the first part 162 and the second part 162. The telescoping rod may telescope within the first member. The right and left support bars 28 and 29 serve to support the mirror so that the mirror is maintained at a lower corresponding position. For example, when the first and second portions of the reflector are combined, the first and second portions are supported by the right and left support rods 28 and 29 to be maintained at corresponding positions, so that the heat collecting tube box 8 is located at the focal point of the reflector.
Preferably, the first member is a rod having an opening in the middle thereof, such that the telescopic rod is able to telescope within the first member.
Preferably, the right support rod 28 and the left support rod 29 are also hydraulically operated, and hydraulic pumps are separately provided, and the first component is a hydraulic device that drives the telescopic rods to extend and retract. The specific structure is similar to the right hydraulic device 26 and the left hydraulic device 27.
Fig. 9 shows a specific structure of the hydraulic pump. As shown in fig. 9, the hydraulic pump includes an eccentric 30, a check valve 31, a cylinder 32, a stop valve 33, and a plunger 34, wherein the eccentric 30 is connected with the plunger 34. The plunger 34 is disposed within a plunger cavity 38, the plunger cavity 38 being in communication with the hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump comprises a cavity, a telescopic rod is arranged on the upper portion of the cavity, a plate-shaped structure 39 with the same inner diameter as the cavity of the hydraulic pump is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic rod, a rod-shaped structure 40 extends out of the middle of the plate-shaped structure, and the rod-shaped structure 40 extends out of the cavity of the hydraulic pump and is connected with a reflector.
The lower part of the cavity is provided with an oil cylinder 32, two one-way valves 31 are arranged between the oil cylinder and the telescopic rod, and liquid enters the upper part from the oil cylinder at the lower part to push the telescopic rod to move upwards; the two one-way valves are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the position where the plunger cavity is communicated with the hydraulic pump; a partition wall 37 is arranged on one side (far away from the position where the plunger cavity is communicated with the hydraulic pump) of the two check valves 31, a certain distance is reserved between the partition wall 37 and one side wall of the cavity opposite to the position where the plunger cavity is communicated with the hydraulic pump, and a stop valve 33 is arranged. By opening of the shut-off valve for liquid to flow from above into the lower cylinder 32.
When the reflector is lifted to stop the device from collecting heat, the right hydraulic pump 24 and the left hydraulic pump 25 can be driven, and the eccentric wheel 30 drives the plunger 34 to reciprocate. When the plunger 34 moves to the right, vacuum is generated in the cylinder body, and oil is sucked through the one-way valve, so that the oil suction process is completed. When the plunger 34 moves to the left, the oil in the cylinder is input into the hydraulic system through the check valve 31. The cam is continuously rotated to raise the mirror.
When the reflector is lowered to start heat collection, the stop valve 33 can be opened, oil on the upper part of the hydraulic system flows back to the oil cylinder, and then the reflector returns to the original position under the action of gravity.
Of course, hydraulic pumps are also a well-established prior art, and the embodiment of fig. 7 is presented for simplicity only and is not intended to be limiting. All hydraulic pumps of the prior art can be used.
The descaling time may preferably be performed after the solar collector is operated for a certain period of time. Preferably when the heat collecting effect is deteriorated.
Preferably, the heat release pipes of the left heat release pipe group are distributed around the axis of the left upper pipe, and the heat release pipes of the right heat release pipe group are distributed around the axis of the right upper pipe. The left upper pipe and the right upper pipe are arranged as circle centers, so that the distribution of the heat release pipes can be better ensured, and the vibration and the heating are uniform.
Preferably, the left heat-releasing tube group and the right heat-releasing tube group are both plural.
Preferably, the left heat-releasing tube group and the right heat-releasing tube group are mirror-symmetrical along a plane on which a vertical axis of the heat collecting tube box is located. Through such setting, can make the heat release pipe distribution of heat transfer more reasonable even, improve the heat transfer effect.
In tests it was found that the volume, the distance of the upper left tube 21 and the upper right tube 22 and the volume of the collection tank can have an influence on the heat exchange efficiency and the homogeneity. If the volume undersize of thermal-arrest case, lead to the steam overheated, the heat can't in time be transmitted to exothermic pipe and upper left pipe upper right side, the volume is too big, lead to the steam condensation too fast, also can't transmit, upper left pipe 21 with the reason, upper right pipe 22's volume must be suitable for with thermal-arrest case volume collocation mutually, otherwise can lead to the steam condensation too fast or too slow, all can lead to the heat transfer condition to worsen, upper left pipe 21, distance also can lead to heat exchange efficiency too poor between the upper right pipe 22, the distance is too little, then exothermic pipe distributes too closely, also can influence heat exchange efficiency, upper left pipe 21, distance also need and thermal-arrest distance collocation between the case be suitable for between the upper right pipe 22 mutually, otherwise distance between them can influence the volume of the liquid or the steam that holds, then can exert an influence to the vibration of free end, thereby influence the heat transfer. The volumes of the upper left tube 21 and the upper right tube 22, the distance and the volume of the heat collecting tank have a certain relation.
The invention provides an optimal size relation summarized by numerical simulation and test data of a plurality of heat pipes with different sizes. Starting from the maximum heat exchange amount in the heat exchange effect, nearly 200 forms are calculated. The dimensional relationship is as follows:
the volumes of the upper left tube 21 and the upper right tube 22 are respectively V1 and V2, the volume of the heat collection box is V3, and the included angle formed between the midpoint of the bottom of the heat collection box body and the circle centers of the upper left tube 21 and the upper right tube 22 is A, so that the following requirements are met:
(V1+V2)/V3＝a-b*sin(A/2)2-c sin (a/2); where a, b, c are parameters, sin is a triangular sine function,
0.8490< a <0.8492, 0.1302< b <0.1304, 0.0020< c < 0.0022; preferably, a is 0.8491, b is 0.1303, and c is 0.0021.
Preferably, an included angle A formed between the midpoint of the bottom of the heat collection box and the circle centers of the upper left tube 21 and the upper right tube 22 is 40-120 degrees (angle), and preferably 80-100 degrees (angle).
Preferably, 0.72< (V1+ V2)/V3< 0.85;
the distance between the center of the upper left tube 21 and the center of the upper right tube 22 is M, the tube diameter of the upper left tube 21 and the radius of the upper right tube 22 are the same and B, the radius of the axis of the innermost heat radiation tube in the heat radiation tubes is N1, the radius of the axis of the outermost heat radiation tube is W2, preferably, 35< B <61 mm; 230< M <385 mm; 69< N1<121mm, 119< W2<201 mm.
Preferably, the number of the heat release pipes of the heat release pipe group is 3 to 5, preferably 3 or 4.
Preferably, the radius of the heat-radiating pipe is preferably 10-40 mm; preferably 15 to 35mm, more preferably 20 to 30 mm.
Preferably, the arc between the ends of the free ends 3, 4, centered on the central axis of the left header, is 95-130 degrees, preferably 120 degrees. The same applies to the curvature of the free ends 5, 6 and the free ends 3, 4. Through the design of the preferable included angle, the vibration of the free end is optimal, and therefore the heating efficiency is optimal.
Preferably, V1 ═ V2.
In the prior application, only by considering that the distance between the center of the upper left tube 21 and the center of the upper right tube 22 is M, the tube diameters of the upper left tube 21 and the upper right tube 22 are the same, and B is B, the radius of the axis of the innermost heat radiation tube in the heat radiation tubes is N1, and the radius of the axis of the outermost heat radiation tube is W2, the volumes and the distances of the upper left tube 21 and the upper right tube 22 and the volume of the heat collection box are firstly related through an optimized relational expression, and an optimal dimensional relation is obtained. The above relation formula of the present application is a further improvement of the relation formula of the previous application, and belongs to the original invention point of the present invention through the relation formula of the volume and the included angle.
Preferably, the tube bundle of the heat-releasing tube group 1 is an elastic tube bundle.
The heat exchange coefficient can be further improved by arranging the tube bundle of the heat release tube group 1 with an elastic tube bundle.
The number of the heat release pipe groups 1 is plural, and the plurality of the heat release pipe groups 1 are in a parallel structure.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. A solar heat collecting system with a trapezoidal structure comprises a box body and a heat collecting device, wherein the heat collecting device comprises a heat collecting component and a heat releasing component, the heat releasing component is arranged in the box body, the heat collecting component is arranged outside the box body, the heat collecting component absorbs solar energy and then releases heat into the box body through the heat releasing component, the heat collecting component comprises a heat collecting pipe box arranged at the lower part, the heat releasing component comprises a left upper pipe, a right upper pipe and a heat releasing pipe group, the left upper pipe and the right upper pipe are arranged at the upper part of the heat collecting pipe box, the heat releasing pipe group comprises a left heat releasing pipe group and a right heat releasing pipe group, the left heat releasing pipe group is communicated with the left upper pipe and the heat collecting pipe box, the right heat releasing pipe group is communicated with the right upper pipe and the heat collecting pipe box, therefore the heat collecting pipe box, the left upper pipe, the right upper pipe and the heat releasing pipe groups form a closed heating fluid circulation, the heat releasing pipe groups are one or more, and each heat releasing pipe group comprises a plurality of arc heat releasing pipes, the end parts of the adjacent heat release pipes are communicated, so that the plurality of heat release pipes form a serial structure, and the end parts of the heat release pipes form free ends of the heat release pipes; the heat collection tube box comprises a first tube opening and a second tube opening, the first tube opening is connected with an inlet of the left heat release tube group, the second tube opening is connected with an inlet of the right heat release tube group, an outlet of the left heat release tube group is connected with the left upper tube, and an outlet of the right heat release tube group is connected with the right upper tube; the left heat-releasing pipe group and the right heat-releasing pipe group are symmetrical along the middle part of the heat-collecting pipe box; the heat collecting tube box is characterized by being of a trapezoidal structure, wherein the side length of the lower part of the heat collecting tube box is larger than that of the upper part of the heat collecting tube box.
2. The steam device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat collecting means includes a reflector, and the operation of collecting or not collecting heat from the heat collecting tube box is performed in a manner of whether the heat collecting tube box is located at a focal point of the reflector or not in a descaling stage, the heat collecting tube box is located at the focal point of the reflector when heat collection is required, and the heat collecting tube box is not located at the focal point of the reflector when heat collection is not required;
the reflecting mirror is divided into two parts along the middle part, namely a first part and a second part, the supporting piece is arranged at the lower part of the heat collecting tube box, the hydraulic telescopic rod extends out of the supporting column and is connected to the first part and the second part in an extending mode respectively for driving the first part and the second part to be separated or combined together, when the first part and the second part are combined together, the reflecting mirror forms a complete reflecting mirror, and the heat collecting tube box is located at the focus position of the reflecting mirror and is used for collecting heat for the heat collecting tube box; when the first and second parts are separated, the heat collecting tube box is not located at the focus of the first and second parts, and is not heated.
CN202010290573.8A 2020-04-14 2020-04-14 Trapezoidal structure solar energy collection system Pending CN113531505A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080017499A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2008-01-24 Brockhoff Bruce W Solar Collector
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CN105444435A (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-03-30 山东理工大学 Solar heat accumulation system intelligently controlling flow according to temperature of heat accumulation material
CN108195088A (en) * 2017-12-30 2018-06-22 淄博环能海臣环保技术服务有限公司 A kind of coplanar pipe row glass heat pipe collecting core vacuum heat-collecting tube module
CN109506374A (en) * 2018-04-23 2019-03-22 青岛宝润科技有限公司 A kind of hot pipe type solar heat collector
CN110285588A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-27 山东建筑大学 A kind of solar energy heat collector
CN110285589A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-27 山东建筑大学 A kind of solar air heating device
CN110285587A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-27 山东建筑大学 A kind of solar steam system

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080017499A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2008-01-24 Brockhoff Bruce W Solar Collector
CN102252431A (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-11-23 海宁伊满阁太阳能科技有限公司 Method and product for two-phase flow heat exchange and heat collection in vacuum heat-collecting pipes
CN105444435A (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-03-30 山东理工大学 Solar heat accumulation system intelligently controlling flow according to temperature of heat accumulation material
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CN109506374A (en) * 2018-04-23 2019-03-22 青岛宝润科技有限公司 A kind of hot pipe type solar heat collector
CN110285588A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-27 山东建筑大学 A kind of solar energy heat collector
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CN110285587A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-27 山东建筑大学 A kind of solar steam system

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