CN113530517A - Combined segmented fracturing device, asynchronous two-way extraction system and method - Google Patents
Combined segmented fracturing device, asynchronous two-way extraction system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/22—Handling reeled pipe or rod units, e.g. flexible drilling pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/2607—Surface equipment specially adapted for fracturing operations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device, a system and a method for combined staged fracturing of an underground coiled tubing, wherein the device comprises an underground coiled tubing device transportation platform, a roller which is arranged on the underground coiled tubing device transportation platform and is wound with the underground coiled tubing, an underground coiled tubing power transmission device and a blowout preventer; the power transmission device of the underground coiled tubing drives the underground coiled tubing to reciprocate back and forth in an annulus formed by the orifice device, the blowout preventer and the power transmission device of the underground coiled tubing; the system comprises an underground continuous oil pipe combined staged fracturing device and an underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device, wherein the input end of the underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device is connected with the fracturing fluid output end of a ground continuous oil pipe, and the output end of the underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device is respectively communicated with an annular sand-adding fracturing fluid pipeline and the underground continuous oil pipe; the invention also discloses a combined staged fracturing method of the underground coiled tubing, which realizes combined operation of perforation with pressure at an orifice and without a release jet and annular injection fracturing and shortens the staged fracturing operation period of the underground long drilling hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine gas extraction, and relates to a gas extraction device and a gas extraction method, in particular to a combined segmented fracturing device, an asynchronous two-way extraction system and an asynchronous two-way extraction method.
Background
The ground coal bed gas development and the coal mine underground negative pressure gas extraction are conventional means for coal bed gas extraction, but the existing ground coal bed gas development mode has the disadvantages of high investment cost, long extraction period, low extraction efficiency, large terrain limitation and the like; the underground coal mine negative pressure gas extraction mode is limited by underground operation environment conditions and has the defects of small injection displacement of a fracturing pump, difficulty in equipment transportation and poor coal bed permeability increasing effect. The high-discharge sand fracturing technology in the ground coal bed gas development can improve the permeability of the coal bed and combine the accurate positioning advantage of the underground long drill hole, and the broken soft low-permeability coal bed adopts an underground combined fracturing mode to accurately extract the coal bed gas, so that the high-efficiency extraction of the coal bed region gas can be realized.
However, during the combined fracturing operation of the upper and lower wells, the conventional method is to perform fracturing on a single hole without segmentation, perform gas extraction operation after the pressure of an orifice is reduced to zero, and perform the operation in sequence. The operation mode has the defects of low fracturing efficiency, limited fracturing influence range, long fracturing period, incapability of realizing the fracturing effect of full coverage of the underground working face, quick extraction and the like, and can influence the continuation of the coal face in serious cases, thereby influencing the normal safe production of coal mine enterprises.
Therefore, aiming at the obvious defects existing in the combined fracturing operation of the underground and the upper part, the development of a novel rapid and efficient coal reservoir gas extraction method and a matching device are bound to be required by combining the obvious characteristic that a high-gas coal seam in China has soft coal bodies, so that the rapid and efficient extraction of the gas in a broken soft low-permeability coal seam area is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a combined segmented fracturing device, an asynchronous two-way extraction system and an asynchronous two-way extraction method, and aims to solve the technical problem that the gas extraction efficiency of a broken soft low-permeability coal seam is low in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a combined staged fracturing device for an underground continuous oil pipe comprises an underground continuous oil pipe device transportation platform, wherein a roller lifter, an underground continuous oil pipe power transmission device lifter and a blowout preventer lifter are vertically arranged on the underground continuous oil pipe device transportation platform in sequence from front to back along the transverse direction, a roller is arranged on the roller lifter, the underground continuous oil pipe is wound on the roller, an underground continuous oil pipe power transmission device is arranged on the underground continuous oil pipe power transmission device lifter, and a blowout preventer is arranged on the blowout preventer lifter;
the blowout preventer is connected with an orifice device, and an annulus is formed among the orifice device, the blowout preventer and the power transmission device of the downhole coiled tubing; the underground coiled tubing is driven by the underground coiled tubing power transmission device to reciprocate back and forth in the annular space; the underground coiled tubing is used for providing injection liquid for an injection device arranged at the head end of the underground coiled tubing.
Furthermore, the orifice device comprises a sleeve, one end of the sleeve, which is close to the blowout preventer, is connected with a cross joint through a flange, and the cross joint is respectively connected with the blowout preventer, the annular sand fracturing fluid pipeline and the gas negative pressure extraction pipeline through a first flange plate, a second flange plate and a third flange plate; a first valve is arranged on the annular sand fracturing fluid pipeline; and a second valve is arranged on the gas negative pressure extraction pipeline.
Furthermore, the power transmission device for the underground coiled tubing comprises a transmission box, wherein two transmission mechanisms which have the same structure and are arranged in mirror symmetry are arranged in the transmission box, and the two transmission mechanisms are used for transmitting the underground coiled tubing;
the conveying mechanism comprises a driver, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a conveying belt for connecting the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the driver is used for driving the shaft part of the driving wheel to rotate so as to drive the shaft part of the driven wheel to rotate;
the drive shaft with the pivot is through the backup pad connection, be provided with support piece in the backup pad, support piece is used for supporting the conveyer belt.
Furthermore, the injection device comprises a guide cone, a sieve tube, a check valve, a lower centralizer, a packer, an injector, an upper centralizer and a release which are sequentially arranged, and the injection device is used for completing perforation operation.
The utility model provides an asynchronous double-circuit joint staged fracturing gas drainage system, includes as above the combined staged fracturing device of coiled tubing in pit, still include fracturing fluid diverging device in the pit, fracturing fluid diverging device in the pit's input links to each other with ground coiled tubing's output, annular space adds sand fracturing fluid pipeline is connected to fracturing fluid diverging device in the pit's first output, and fracturing fluid diverging device in the pit's second output passes through coiled tubing hydraulic jet liquid pipeline in the pit and communicates with coiled tubing in the pit, be provided with coiled tubing liquid delivery control valve in the pit on the coiled tubing hydraulic jet liquid pipeline in the pit, be provided with annular space and add sand fracturing fluid delivery control valve on the annular space adds sand fracturing fluid pipeline.
Furthermore, a ground coiled tubing roadway tractor is arranged below the ground coiled tubing, and the ground coiled tubing is connected with the input end of the underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device through a fifth flange plate.
Furthermore, the ground coiled tubing is sleeved with a double-layer protective sleeve.
An asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction method is realized by the above asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction system, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, excavating an underground roadway in an overlying stable rock stratum of a coal seam, constructing a plurality of directional long drill holes, and then setting a casing to complete well;
step 2, lifting a roller arranged on a conveying platform of the underground coiled tubing device, the underground coiled tubing power conveying device and a blowout preventer to a calibration position of a central axis of a first directional long drilling hole;
step 4, after the perforation operation is completed, opening a first valve and an annular sand-adding fracturing fluid conveying control valve, and performing combined fracturing operation on a first fracturing section of the first directional long drill hole;
step 5, after the combined fracturing operation of the first fracturing section of the first directional long drill hole is completed, the injection device is unsealed and dragged to the second fracturing section through the underground coiled tubing for setting, and the steps 3 to 4 are repeated to complete the combined fracturing operation of the residual fracturing sections of the first directional long drill hole;
step 6, repeating the steps 2 to 5, sequentially completing the staged combined fracturing operation of the residual directional long drill holes, and performing pressure maintaining and open flow operation after the staged fracturing construction of all the directional long drill holes is completed;
and 7, finishing the gas extraction operation after the blowout operation is finished.
Furthermore, in the perforating operation in the step 3, clear water is used as jet liquid, quartz sand with 40-70 meshes is used as perforating grinding material, and the maximum discharge capacity of the jet device is 1.8m3And/min, wherein the sand ratio of the quartz sand is 2-4%.
Furthermore, the distance between adjacent directional long drill holes in the plurality of directional long drill holes in the step 1 is 50-60 meters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the method firstly realizes the combined injection of underground large discharge capacity, and can realize the injection discharge capacity exceeding 5-6 m3And/min, the expansion area of the fracturing crack is greatly increased, and the permeability of the coal bed is increased.
(2) The method realizes the combined operation mode of perforation and annular injection fracturing with no discharge jet at the orifice under pressure, and greatly shortens the single-hole staged fracturing operation period.
(3) The method disclosed by the invention realizes the rapid and safe conveying of the ground fracturing fluid, greatly improves the working efficiency of underground high-pressure pipeline connection, can finish the laying operation of the underground fracturing fluid conveying pipeline with the length of 1000m within 1-3 days, and shortens the operation period by 20 times compared with the conventional method.
(4) The device and the system provide special equipment for the underground rapid fracturing of the coal mine, realize the perforation-sand fracturing integrated operation of the underground fracturing of the coal mine, reduce the underground fracturing operation period and greatly improve the fracturing efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a downhole coiled tubing united staged fracturing device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the transfer mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the injection device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction system.
Reference signs mean:
1-a transportation platform of a downhole coiled tubing device, 2-a roller elevator, 3-a elevator of a downhole coiled tubing power transmission device, 4-an elevator of a blowout preventer, 5-a roller, 6-a downhole coiled tubing, 7-a downhole coiled tubing power transmission device, 8-a blowout preventer, 9-an orifice device, 10-an injection device, 11-a first flange plate, 12-a second flange plate, 13-an annular sand-adding fracturing fluid pipeline, 14-a third flange plate, 15-a gas negative pressure extraction pipeline, 16-a first valve, 17-a second valve, 18-a fourth flange plate, 19-a gooseneck pipe, 20-a power traction mechanism, 21-a downhole fracturing fluid shunting device, 22-a ground coiled tubing, 23-a downhole coiled tubing hydraulic injection fluid pipeline, 24-a ground coiled tubing roadway tractor, 25-a double-layer protective sleeve, 26-a downhole coiled tubing liquid conveying control valve, 27-an annulus sand-adding fracturing fluid conveying control valve, and 28-a fifth flange plate; 71-transfer box, 72-transfer mechanism, 91-sleeve, 92-connecting flange, 93-cross; 101-guide cone, 102-screen pipe, 103-check valve, 104-lower centralizer, 105-packer, 106-ejector, 107-upper centralizer, 108-release; 721-driver, 722-driving wheel, 723-driven wheel, 724-transmission belt, 725-supporting plate, 726-supporting piece; 7221 drive shaft, 7231 rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples so that those skilled in the art can better understand the invention. It is to be expressly noted that in the following description, a detailed description of known functions and designs will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.
The terms to which the present invention relates are explained below:
coal seams are covered with stable rock stratums: the rock stratum is a rock stratum which is formed by hard sandstone, conglomerate or limestone and has larger thickness at the upper part of the coal bed, and the occurrence is stable.
Rock-drilling layer: the drilling fluid is a stable rock stratum, and the rock stratum has the characteristics of easy breakage by a drill bit, no leakage or small leakage amount of drilling fluid, high mechanical drilling speed during drilling and high drilling efficiency.
Example 1
According to the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the embodiment provides a combined staged fracturing device for a downhole coiled tubing, which comprises a downhole coiled tubing device transportation platform 1, wherein a roller lifter 2, a downhole coiled tubing power transmission device lifter 3 and a blowout preventer lifter 4 are vertically arranged on the downhole coiled tubing device transportation platform 1 in sequence from front to back along the transverse direction, a roller 5 is arranged on the roller lifter 2, a downhole coiled tubing 6 is wound on the roller 5, a downhole coiled tubing power transmission device 7 is arranged on the downhole coiled tubing power transmission device lifter 3, and a blowout preventer 8 is arranged on the blowout preventer lifter 4;
the blowout preventer 8 is connected with an orifice device 9, and an annulus is formed among the orifice device 9, the blowout preventer 8 and the power transmission device 7 of the downhole coiled tubing; the underground coiled tubing 6 is driven by the underground coiled tubing power transmission device 7 to reciprocate back and forth in the annular space; the downhole coiled tubing 6 is used to provide injection fluid to an injection device 10 disposed at the head end of the downhole coiled tubing 6. It should be noted that the head end of the coiled tubing 6 refers to the end near the orifice device 9.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the orifice device 9 includes a casing 91, one end of the casing 91 close to the blowout preventer 8 is connected to a cross 93 through a connecting flange 92, and the cross 93 is connected to the blowout preventer 8, the annular sand fracturing fluid pipeline 13 and the gas negative pressure extraction pipeline 15 through a first flange 11, a second flange 12 and a third flange 14, respectively; a first valve 16 for adjusting the flow of the annular sanding fracturing fluid is arranged at one end, close to the four-way joint 93, of the annular sanding fracturing fluid pipeline 13; and a second valve 17 for controlling the gas extraction flow is arranged at one end of the gas negative pressure extraction pipeline 15 close to the cross joint 93. The second valve 17 is used for controlling the flow of the gas negative pressure extraction pipeline.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment, the downhole coiled tubing power transmission device 7 comprises a transmission box 71, two transmission mechanisms 72 which have the same structure and are arranged in mirror symmetry are arranged in the transmission box 71, and the two transmission mechanisms 72 are used for mutually matching and transmitting the downhole coiled tubing 6;
the transmission mechanism 72 includes a driver 721, a driving wheel 722, a driven wheel 723, and a transmission belt 724 connecting the driving wheel 722 and the driven wheel 723, wherein the driver 721 is used for driving the driving shaft 7221 of the driving wheel 722 to rotate so as to drive the rotating shaft 7231 of the driven wheel 723 to rotate.
Preferably, the two conveying mechanisms 72 are installed in the conveying box in a top/bottom/side wall fixing manner, for example, the driving shaft 7221 and the rotating shaft 7231 are fixed on the side wall, the driving wheel 722 rotates around the driving shaft 7221, the driven wheel 723 rotates around the rotating shaft 7231, a placement space is formed between the two oppositely arranged conveying belts 724, the distance between the opposite surfaces of the two oppositely arranged conveying belts 724 is the same as the pipe diameter of the underground coiled tubing 6, so that the underground coiled tubing 6 can pass through the placement space under the driving of the two conveying mechanisms 72, the operation direction of the two oppositely arranged conveying belts 724 is opposite, and if the upper conveying belt 724 rotates clockwise, the lower conveying belt 724 rotates anticlockwise.
As a preferable mode of this embodiment, the driving shaft 7221 and the rotating shaft 7231 are coupled by a support plate 725, and a support member 726 is provided on the support plate 725, and the support member 726 supports the conveyor belt 724. In the present embodiment, a plurality of supporting members 726 are provided in each of the driving mechanisms 72, and the plurality of supporting members 726 are provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the supporting plate, respectively, so that the conveying belt 724 can be effectively supported.
As a preferred option of this embodiment, the downhole coiled tubing power transmission 7 is connected to the blowout preventer 8 via a fourth flange 18.
Preferably, a gooseneck 19 is further arranged at one end of the downhole coiled tubing power transmission device 7 close to the roller 5, the gooseneck 19 is used for supporting the downhole coiled tubing 6, and the gooseneck 19 in the embodiment is preferably arranged at a position close to the roller 5 at the extension position of the central axis of the downhole coiled tubing power transmission device 7.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment, a power traction mechanism 20 is arranged below the downhole coiled tubing unit transportation platform 1, and the power traction mechanism 20 is used for driving the downhole coiled tubing unit transportation platform 1 to move.
As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the injection device 10 comprises a guide cone 101, a screen 102, a check valve 103, a lower centralizer 104, a packer 105, an injector 106, an upper centralizer 107 and a release 108 arranged in sequence, and is used for performing perforating operations. The guide cone 101 is used for guiding, and the sieve tube 102 is used for forming pressure balance inside and outside the device after underground fracturing is finished, so that the device is prevented from being influenced by too large internal and external pressure difference. Check valve 103 is used to prevent back-flow of the liquid medium in injection device 10, lower centralizer 104 and upper centralizer 107 are used to centralize injector 106, and a throw 108 is used to throw the portion below throw 108 into the wellbore in the event that the injection device is stuck free. The inner part of the injector 106 is provided with a through-flow channel which is communicated up and down along the axial direction, and a plurality of injection holes communicated with the through-flow channel are distributed on the outer wall of the injector 106 along the circumferential direction at intervals.
The use process of the device is as follows:
installing an orifice device 9, using a power traction mechanism 20 to convey a downhole coiled tubing device transportation platform 1 and all parts arranged on the downhole coiled tubing device transportation platform 1 to an appointed position, completing fixing operation after a ground anchor is drilled in a roadway, then using a roller elevator 2, a downhole coiled tubing power transmission device elevator 3 and a blowout preventer elevator 4 to respectively lift a roller 5, a downhole coiled tubing power transmission device 7 and a blowout preventer 8 to a calibrated position of an orifice central axis, using the downhole coiled tubing power transmission device 7 to wind the roller 5, sending the downhole coiled tubing 6 with the front end connected with an injection device 10 to an appointed first fracturing section position, setting the injection device 10, sending downhole fracturing fluid into the downhole coiled tubing 6, and then starting perforating operation. After the perforation operation is finished, the first valve 16 is opened, fracturing fluid enters from the annular sand-adding fracturing fluid pipeline 13, the continuous oil pipe injection and annular sand-adding combined injection are realized, and therefore the operation of the first fracturing section is completed.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5, the embodiment provides an asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction system, which includes the downhole coiled tubing combined staged fracturing device disclosed in embodiment 1, and further includes a downhole fracturing fluid diversion device 21, an input end of the downhole fracturing fluid diversion device 21 is connected to an output end of a ground coiled tubing 22, a first output end of the downhole fracturing fluid diversion device 21 is connected to an annular sanding fracturing fluid pipeline 13, a second output end of the downhole fracturing fluid diversion device 21 is communicated with a downhole coiled tubing 6 through a downhole coiled tubing hydraulic jet fluid pipeline 23, a downhole coiled tubing hydraulic jet fluid delivery control valve 26 is arranged on the downhole coiled tubing hydraulic jet fluid pipeline 23, and an annular sanding fracturing fluid delivery control valve 27 is arranged on the annular sanding fracturing fluid pipeline 13.
In the embodiment, the ground coiled tubing 22 with the outer diameter of 50-100 mm is selected, and the underground coiled tubing 6 with the outer diameter of 20-40 mm is selected.
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, a surface coiled tubing roadway tractor 24 is disposed below the surface coiled tubing 22, and the surface coiled tubing 22 is connected to the input end of the downhole fracturing fluid flow-dividing device 21 through a fifth flange 28.
As a preferred option in this embodiment, the surface coiled tubing 22 is jacketed with a double layer protective sleeve 25.
The purpose of selecting the underground coiled tubing 6 is as follows: the fracturing fluid conveying channel is quickly, conveniently and safely established, and about 1-3 days are consumed for laying 1000m of underground coiled tubing. And the traditional 1000m oil pipe short circuit of laying in pit then need consuming time 1~2 months, lays in pit and adopts the oil pipe short circuit of 3~5m length to connect, not only takes time, consumes power moreover, because what oil pipe short circuit in pit connects and adopts is manual work, has the risk that can't tighten, so there is high-pressure fluid to puncture the risk in oil pipe short circuit junction, has the potential safety hazard.
The system is used as follows:
establishing a fracturing wellhead on the ground, and installing a downhole fracturing fluid flow dividing device 21 at a position close to a first directional long drilling hole opening in a roadway; vertically lowering a ground coiled tubing 22 to the junction of an underground roadway by using a fracturing wellhead, horizontally conveying the ground coiled tubing 22 by using a ground coiled tubing roadway tractor 24 and connecting the ground coiled tubing 22 with the input end of an underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device 21 to form a safe conveying channel for fracturing fluid in the roadway; then two output ends of the underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device 21 are respectively communicated with the annular sand-adding fracturing fluid pipeline 13 and the underground coiled tubing 6.
When the sand blasting perforation operation is carried out, the first valve 16 and the liquid conveying control valve 26 of the underground coiled tubing are closed, the annular sand adding fracturing fluid conveying control valve 27 on the annular sand adding fracturing fluid pipeline 13 is opened, and the liquid in the underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device 21 enters the injection device 10 through the underground coiled tubing 6 to complete the injection operation.
After the sand blasting perforation operation is completed, the first valve 16 and the liquid conveying control valve 26 of the underground coiled tubing are opened, at the moment, the annular sand adding fracturing fluid conveying control valve 27 is also opened, fracturing fluid in the underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device 21 enters the orifice device 9 through the annular sand adding fracturing fluid pipeline 13 and the underground coiled tubing 6, and fracturing section operation of underground coiled tubing injection and annular sand adding combined injection is formed.
Example 3
The coal seam for target extraction in the embodiment is a high gas outburst coal seam of a certain coal mine, the firmness coefficient f of the coal seam of the coal mine is 0.3, and the gas content of the coal seam is 14-20 m3And/t, belongs to a high gas outburst mine and seriously threatens the safety of a coal bed.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction method, which is implemented by the asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction system disclosed in embodiment 2, and includes the following steps:
step 1, excavating an underground roadway in an overlying stable rock stratum of a coal seam, constructing a plurality of directional long drill holes, and then setting a casing to complete well;
in the embodiment, preferably, long drill holes are arranged according to the distance between adjacent directional long drill holes of 50-60 m, the design depth of a single hole is 300-800 m, fracturing operation is carried out in five sections, the outer diameter of a ground coiled tubing is 82.6mm, and the outer diameter of a downhole coiled tubing is 20-40 mm. Specifically, according to the extraction pre-extraction range of a gas area in a coal mine, determining to dig a roadway in an overlying stable rock stratum of the coal seam, then establishing the roadway which meets the technical requirements of coal mine safety regulations, completing the construction drilling of a plurality of directional long drill holes, then putting a casing for well cementation, sleeving a double-layer protective casing 25 outside the horizontal section of the ground continuous oil pipe 22, and forming a ground fracturing fluid multi-section casing safety conveying pipeline in the roadway.
Step 2, lifting a roller 5, an underground coiled tubing power transmission device 7 and a blowout preventer 4 which are arranged on the underground coiled tubing device transportation platform 1 to a calibration position of a central axis of a first directional long drilling hole;
the roller 5, the underground coiled tubing power transmission device 7 and the blowout preventer 8 are lifted to the calibration position by the aid of the underground coiled tubing device transportation platform 1, so that the friction resistance of the underground coiled tubing 6 in the dragging process can be reduced, and fracturing operation is facilitated.
firstly, opening the underground coiled tubing liquid conveying control valve 26 to enable fracturing fluid to enter the underground coiled tubing 6, and after the fracturing fluid is pressurized, conveying the injection fluid to the injection device 10 through the underground coiled tubing 6 to finish setting of the injection device 10.
In this embodiment, the maximum displacement for the perforating operation is 1.8m3And/min, in order to improve the perforating efficiency, clear water is used as an injection liquid, and quartz sand of 40-70 meshes is used as a perforating grinding material to prepare a sand-added injection liquid, wherein the sand ratio of the quartz sand is 2% -4%.
Step 4, after the perforation operation is completed, opening the first valve 16 and the annular sand-adding fracturing fluid conveying control valve 27, and performing combined fracturing operation on the first fracturing section of the first directional long borehole;
in this embodiment, in the process of the combined staged fracturing operation, after the first valve 16 and the annular sanding fracturing fluid delivery control valve 27 are opened, the downhole fracturing fluid flow-dividing device 21 injects fracturing fluid through the downhole coiled tubing 6 and the annular sanding fracturing fluid pipeline 13 at the same time, that is, the downhole fracturing fluid flow-dividing device 21 sends out two ways of fracturing fluid, one way of fracturing fluid is supplied to the injection device 10, and the other way of fracturing fluid is supplied to the annular sanding fracturing fluid pipeline 13. When the combined staged fracturing operation is carried out, the injection displacement of the injection device 10 is 1.2-1.8 m3The injection displacement of the annular sand fracturing fluid pipeline 13 is 4.2-5.6 m3The total injection displacement can reach 5.4-7.4 m3/min。
Preferably, in the staged fracturing operation, the injection displacement of the injection device 10 is 1.8m3Min, the injection displacement of the annular sand fracturing fluid pipeline 13 is 4.2m3And/min. In this embodiment, an active water fracturing fluid is selected, wherein the active water fracturing fluid comprises the following components: clear water, 1 percent of KCl, 0.2 percent of cleanup additive and 0.05 percent of bactericide, and quartz sand of 20/40 meshes (850-425 mu m) is used as a sand adding material medium. The parameters of sand fracturing include: sand adding strength of 3-5m3M, frontThe liquid ratio is more than 50 percent, and the medium sand ratio is 4 to 6 percent.
Step 5, after the combined fracturing operation of the first fracturing section of the first directional long drill hole is completed, the injection device 10 is unsealed and dragged to the second fracturing section through the underground coiled tubing 6 for setting, and the steps 3 to 4 are repeated to complete the combined fracturing operation of the residual fracturing sections of the first directional long drill hole;
in this embodiment, the blowout preventer 8 arranged at the orifice has dynamic sealing performance, and can ensure the dragging operation of the downhole coiled tubing 6 in a pressurized state, so that after the pressure of the ground fracturing equipment is relieved, the packer 105 in the injection device 10 is unset, the downhole coiled tubing 6 drags the injection device 10 to a specified second fracturing segment for setting, and the steps 3 to 4 are repeated to complete the whole staged fracturing operation of a single hole. Therefore, a mode of separating one section, perforating one section and fracturing one section is formed, the staged fracturing reconstruction operation of long drilled holes is realized at one time, the staged fracturing operation period can be effectively shortened, and the staged fracturing reconstruction efficiency is improved.
Step 6, repeating the steps 2 to 5, sequentially completing the staged combined fracturing operation of the residual directional long drill holes, and performing pressure maintaining and open flow operation after the staged fracturing construction of all the directional long drill holes is completed;
and 7, finishing the gas extraction operation after the blowout operation is finished.
The method realizes underground large-displacement combined injection, and the injection displacement can exceed 5m3Min; the combined operation of orifice pressurized non-blowout perforation and annular injection fracturing is realized; the quick and safe conveying of the ground fracturing fluid is realized, and the laying operation of the underground fracturing fluid conveying pipeline with the length of 1000m can be completed within 1-3 days.
In the prior art, the fracturing injection displacement of an underground coal seam is 0.6-1.2 m3The method comprises the following steps of firstly taking a perforating tool down to perform perforating operation, taking the perforating tool out after the perforating tool is finished, then putting a packer and an oil pipe to perform fracturing operation, performing open flow operation, and performing second-stage perforating and fracturing operation after the open flow operation is finished, wherein the operation period is long, and the conventional method is used for completing the time of laying a fracturing fluid conveying pipeline in a 1000-meter underground mannerThe period is 1-2 months.
In conclusion, the single-hole staged fracturing method can effectively shorten the single-hole staged fracturing period, can effectively improve the expansion area of the fractured cracks, increases the permeability of the coal bed, shortens the operation period by 20 times compared with the conventional method, and greatly improves the extraction efficiency of coal bed gas.
The above-described embodiments are merely examples provided for clarity of explanation, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of this type are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The underground coiled tubing combined staged fracturing device is characterized by comprising an underground coiled tubing device transportation platform (1), wherein a roller lifter (2), an underground coiled tubing power transmission device lifter (3) and a blowout preventer lifter (4) are vertically arranged on the underground coiled tubing device transportation platform (1) in sequence from front to back along the transverse direction, a roller (5) is arranged on the roller lifter (2), an underground coiled tubing (6) is wound on the roller (5), an underground coiled tubing power transmission device (7) is arranged on the underground coiled tubing power transmission device lifter (3), and a blowout preventer (8) is arranged on the blowout preventer lifter (4);
the blowout preventer (8) is connected with an orifice device (9), and an annulus is formed among the orifice device (9), the blowout preventer (8) and the power transmission device (7) of the underground coiled tubing; the underground coiled tubing (6) is driven by an underground coiled tubing power conveying device (7) to reciprocate back and forth in the annular space; the underground coiled tubing (6) is used for providing injection liquid for an injection device (10) arranged at the head end of the underground coiled tubing (6).
2. The combined staged fracturing device for the downhole coiled tubing according to claim 1, wherein the orifice device (9) comprises a casing (91), one end of the casing (91) close to the blowout preventer (8) is connected with a cross joint (93) through a connecting flange (92), and the cross joint (93) is respectively connected with the blowout preventer (8), the annular sand fracturing fluid pipeline (13) and the gas negative pressure extraction pipeline (15) through a first flange plate (11), a second flange plate (12) and a third flange plate (14); a first valve (16) for adjusting the flow of the annular sanding fracturing fluid is arranged at one end, close to the four-way joint (93), of the annular sanding fracturing fluid pipeline (13); and a second valve (17) used for controlling gas extraction flow is arranged at one end, close to the cross joint (93), of the gas negative pressure extraction pipeline (15).
3. The downhole coiled tubing combined staged fracturing device according to claim 1, wherein the downhole coiled tubing power transmission device (7) comprises a transmission box (71), two transmission mechanisms (72) which have the same structure and are arranged in mirror symmetry are arranged in the transmission box (71), and the two transmission mechanisms (72) are used for mutually matching and transmitting the downhole coiled tubing (6);
the transmission mechanism (72) comprises a driver (721), a driving wheel (722), a driven wheel (723) and a transmission belt (724) connected with the driving wheel (722) and the driven wheel (723), wherein the driver (721) is used for driving a driving shaft (7221) of the driving wheel (722) to rotate so as to drive a rotating shaft (7231) of the driven wheel (723) to rotate;
the driving shaft (7221) is connected with the rotating shaft (7231) through a supporting plate (725), a supporting member (726) is arranged on the supporting plate (725), and the supporting member (726) is used for supporting the conveyor belt (724).
4. The downhole coiled tubing frac assembly of claim 1, wherein the jetting apparatus (10) comprises a guide cone (101), a screen (102), a check valve (103), a lower centralizer (104), a packer (105), an injector (106), an upper centralizer (107) and a release (108) arranged in sequence, the jetting apparatus being used to perform a perforating operation.
5. An asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction system comprises the underground coiled tubing combined staged fracturing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the device also comprises a downhole fracturing fluid flow dividing device (21), the input end of the downhole fracturing fluid flow dividing device (21) is connected with the output end of the ground coiled tubing (22), a first output end of the underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device (21) is connected with an annular sand-adding fracturing fluid pipeline (13), a second output end of the underground fracturing fluid flow dividing device (21) is communicated with the underground coiled tubing (6) through an underground coiled tubing hydraulic jet fluid pipeline (23), a downhole coiled tubing liquid delivery control valve (26) is arranged on the downhole coiled tubing hydraulic jet liquid pipeline (23), and an annular sand adding fracturing fluid conveying control valve (27) is arranged on the annular sand adding fracturing fluid pipeline (13).
6. The asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction system according to claim 5, wherein a ground coiled tubing roadway tractor (24) is arranged below the ground coiled tubing (22), and the ground coiled tubing (22) is connected with the input end of the downhole fracturing fluid flow dividing device (21) through a fifth flange plate (28).
7. The asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction system according to claim 5, wherein the ground coiled tubing (22) is sleeved with a double-layer protective sleeve (25).
8. An asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction method is realized by the asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction system of any one of claims 6 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, excavating an underground roadway in an overlying stable rock stratum of a coal seam, constructing a plurality of directional long drill holes, and then setting a casing to complete well;
step 2, lifting a roller (5), an underground coiled tubing power transmission device (7) and a blowout preventer (4) which are arranged on an underground coiled tubing device transportation platform (1) to a calibration position of a central axis of a first directional long drilling hole;
step 3, closing the first valve (16) and the annular sand-adding fracturing fluid conveying control valve (27), opening the underground coiled tubing fluid conveying control valve (26), conveying the injection device (10) to the first fracturing section of the first directional long drill hole, setting and then starting perforation operation;
step 4, after the perforation operation is completed, opening a first valve (16) and an annular sand-adding fracturing fluid conveying control valve (27) and carrying out combined fracturing operation on a first fracturing section of the first directional long borehole;
step 5, after the combined fracturing operation of the first fracturing section of the first directional long drilling hole is completed, the injection device (10) is unsealed and dragged to the second fracturing section through the underground coiled tubing (6) for setting, and the steps 3 to 4 are repeated to complete the combined fracturing operation of the residual fracturing sections of the first directional long drilling hole;
step 6, repeating the steps 2 to 5, sequentially completing the staged combined fracturing operation of the residual directional long drill holes, and performing pressure maintaining and open flow operation after the staged fracturing construction of all the directional long drill holes is completed;
and 7, finishing the gas extraction operation after the blowout operation is finished.
9. The asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction method as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the perforating operation in the step 3, clear water is used as injection liquid, quartz sand of 40-70 meshes is used as perforating grinding materials, and the maximum discharge capacity of the injection device (10) is 1.8m3And/min, wherein the sand ratio of the quartz sand is 2-4%.
10. The asynchronous two-way combined staged fracturing gas extraction method according to claim 8, wherein the distance between adjacent directional long drill holes in the plurality of directional long drill holes in the step 1 is 50-60 m.
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