CN113530216A - Large-span ultrahigh formwork-erecting real-time dynamic monitoring construction method - Google Patents
Large-span ultrahigh formwork-erecting real-time dynamic monitoring construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113530216A CN113530216A CN202110743834.1A CN202110743834A CN113530216A CN 113530216 A CN113530216 A CN 113530216A CN 202110743834 A CN202110743834 A CN 202110743834A CN 113530216 A CN113530216 A CN 113530216A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/04—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for lintels, beams, or transoms to be encased separately; Special tying or clamping means therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
- E04G21/06—Solidifying concrete, e.g. by application of vacuum before hardening
- E04G21/08—Internal vibrators, e.g. needle vibrators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/16—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring several components of force
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for a large-span ultrahigh formwork, which comprises the following steps: construction preparation, namely determining construction parameters of a template; three-dimensional visual simulation erection, template visual model design is carried out by utilizing BIM, positioning elastic lines and a frame body are erected, lofting and elastic line marking are carried out on the space between vertical rods through the BIM, the positions of the vertical rods are marked, and the frame body is erected after the lofting and elastic line marking are finished; installing a template, pouring wall column concrete, binding beam and plate ribs, binding plate ribs and reinforcing a beam edge template; arranging a monitoring system, pouring beam plate concrete, judging the pouring state of the beam plate concrete in real time by the monitoring system, stopping pouring if the state is abnormal, and continuing pouring until the pouring is finished if the state is normal, and maintaining and removing the formwork; the real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for the large-span ultrahigh formwork can monitor the high formwork system in real time, dynamically know the deformation condition of the high formwork system in real time and feed back monitoring data in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of template monitoring construction, and particularly relates to a real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for a large-span ultrahigh formwork.
Background
Along with the continuous and rapid development of economic society and the increasing progress of building science and technology, the application of a high and large formwork is more and more common, the safety risk is higher and higher, and the high formwork safety accident is mainly caused by that the high formwork generates overlarge deformation or overlarge displacement under the action of load, steel members in a system are induced to lose efficacy or local or overall instability of the system is induced, so that local collapse or overall overturn of the high formwork is generated, and casualties of construction operation personnel are caused. The high formwork supporting safety monitoring method always stays on the basis of traditional optical observation and manual alarm. With the progress of sensing technology, the real-time monitoring of the high formwork becomes a reality nowadays.
For example, the invention patent with publication number CN111272142A discloses a settlement monitoring device and method for a high formwork, wherein a reference point is arranged on an upright post with the lower end extending into and fixed on a bedrock layer, and the bedrock layer with stable geological properties supports the upright post, so that the reference point arranged on the upright post cannot settle due to the settlement of a soft soil layer in a corresponding area, thereby ensuring that the reference point is kept still all the time; locate the monitoring point on the high formwork along with high formwork synchronous settlement to through unmanned aerial vehicle, camera and laser range finder's cooperation, successively at laser range finder and the vertical second position that is H of benchmark distance, measure its linear distance with the monitoring point through laser range finder.
It can be seen that in the prior art, anomaly monitoring of the high-support formwork is complex and needs manual participation, and real-time monitoring cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for a large-span ultrahigh formwork, which aims to solve the problem of monitoring whether an abnormity occurs in the construction process of a high formwork in real time.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for a large-span ultrahigh formwork, which comprises the following steps:
construction preparation, namely determining construction parameters of a template;
three-dimensional visual simulation erection, template visual model design is carried out by utilizing BIM, and a BIM model is established;
setting up a positioning elastic line and a frame body, lofting and marking the space between the vertical rods through a BIM model, marking the positions of the vertical rods, and setting up the frame body after finishing marking;
installing a template, installing a beam bottom template, paving a floor slab template, binding wall column reinforcing steel bars, installing the wall column template, and rechecking after the installation is finished;
pouring wall column concrete, binding beam and plate ribs, binding plate and plate ribs and reinforcing a beam side template;
and arranging a monitoring system, pouring the beam plate concrete, judging the pouring state of the beam plate concrete in real time by the monitoring system, stopping pouring if the state is abnormal, and continuing pouring until the pouring is finished if the state is normal, and maintaining and removing the formwork.
Preferably, the step of arranging the monitoring system comprises:
mounting the inclination angle sensors at four corners and long edges of the template, fixing mounting fasteners on the inclination angle sensors at the polished positions of the measured object, then adjusting positioning screws of the mounting bracket to enable the inclination angle sensors to be kept horizontal as much as possible, and adjusting initial measured values of the inclination angle sensors to be close to zero;
installing an axial pressure sensor at the bottom of a template top support, lowering the top support at the top of an upright rod when the axial pressure sensor is installed, installing the axial pressure sensor between the top support and a template bottom beam, then padding a steel plate between a steel pipe and the sensor, wherein the thickness of the steel plate is not less than 10mm, and then tightening the top support to enable the axial pressure sensor, the upright rod and the template to be stressed on the same vertical line;
the displacement sensors are arranged at the stressed parts of the four corners, the middle parts of the four sides and the middle part of the top of the template unit frame, when the displacement sensors are arranged, fasteners on a displacement sensor support are fixed on upright posts to be monitored, target spots are arranged on the ground right below the upright posts, and the positions of the displacement sensors are adjusted to enable laser beams of the displacement sensors to vertically hit the target spots;
after the inclination angle sensor, the displacement sensor and the axial pressure sensor are installed, the wireless acquisition terminal is connected with the remote host.
Preferably, the step of determining the pouring state of the beam slab concrete in real time by the monitoring system comprises:
confirming monitoring points, and further confirming whether monitoring targets of an inclination angle sensor, a displacement sensor and a shaft pressure sensor are effective or not;
setting a monitoring target value, monitoring the template sedimentation by using a displacement sensor, setting a vertical displacement threshold value of the template sedimentation to be 80% of a vertical deformation allowable value of the template, wherein the vertical deformation allowable value of the template is 1/400% of the calculation span of the template; the horizontal displacement of the vertical rod is monitored by using a displacement sensor, the threshold value of the horizontal displacement is set to be d equal to h/300, and h is the installation height of the displacement sensor; monitoring the vertical rod axial force by using an axial pressure sensor, wherein the axial force threshold is set to be 80% of the maximum allowable load of a single vertical rod; monitoring the inclination angle of the vertical rod by using an inclination angle sensor, wherein an inclination angle threshold value theta is set according to the following formula:
in the formula, d is a horizontal displacement threshold value, and l is the length of the monitored vertical rod;
threshold value judgment, namely entering an early warning state when the vertical displacement value monitored by the displacement sensor is greater than or equal to 80% of the vertical displacement threshold value, and entering an alarm state when the vertical displacement value is greater than or equal to the vertical displacement threshold value; when the horizontal displacement value monitored by the displacement sensor is greater than or equal to 80% of the horizontal displacement threshold value, entering an early warning state, and when the horizontal displacement value is greater than or equal to the horizontal displacement threshold value, entering an alarm state; when the shaft pressure sensor monitors that the vertical shaft force value is more than or equal to 80% of the shaft force threshold value, the early warning state is entered, and when the vertical shaft force value is more than or equal to the shaft force threshold value, the alarming state is entered; when the inclination angle sensor monitors that the inclination angle value of the vertical rod is greater than or equal to 80% of the inclination angle threshold value, the early warning state is entered, and when the inclination angle value of the vertical rod is greater than or equal to the inclination angle threshold value, the alarming state is entered;
and exception handling, namely prompting the early warning state, judging the alarm state to be an abnormal state and prompting.
Preferably, the step of erecting the rack body comprises:
the method comprises the steps of building a floor sweeping rod, placing a base plate, building a high formwork upright support, connecting an upright rod with the floor sweeping rod, building vertical and horizontal rods, and installing vertical and horizontal cross braces.
Preferably, the step of installing the formwork further comprises:
ejecting the elevation of the bottom beam mold by using the horizontal pipe according to the mark, and erecting the longitudinal edge of the bottom beam steel pipe;
after the beam bottom template is laid, the side template is sealed, the bottom of the side template is pressed tightly, then the side template is hung straight, and the side template is supported and fixed by an inclined rod; inserting the adjustable jacking into the upright column, erecting a steel pipe, straightening the jacking to the floor bottom elevation, installing a joist, paving square timber, and checking by pulling wires until the leveling.
Preferably, the step of pouring the beam slab concrete further comprises:
casting and tamping the first beam and the rear plate, and performing layered casting from midspan to two ends symmetrically;
pouring the concrete of the slab from the column node to the periphery, converging at the center of the slab, and finishing pouring the concrete of the upper layer before initial setting of the concrete of the lower layer;
the beam is poured in layers, when the beam reaches the bottom position of the slab, the beam and the slab concrete are poured together, and the pouring direction of the concrete is opposite to the pouring direction;
the inserted vibrating rod is inserted quickly and pulled slowly, the inserting points are arranged in a quincunx shape, the moving distance is not more than 1.5 times of the acting radius of the vibrating rod, and the next layer of concrete is inserted for 5cm when the previous layer is vibrated so as to eliminate the seam between the two layers.
The invention has the advantages that:
the real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for the large-span ultrahigh formwork can monitor the high formwork system in real time, dynamically know the deformation condition of the high formwork system in real time and feed back monitoring data in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for a large-span ultrahigh formwork according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the monitoring system for determining the pouring state of the beam slab concrete in real time according to the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for a large-span ultrahigh formwork, which comprises the following construction steps of:
construction preparation, namely determining construction parameters of a template; a steel pipe fastener full-framing formwork supporting system is selected, a 18 mm-thick multilayer board is adopted as a formwork, 40 x 80mm square battens are adopted as square battens, and 48 x 3.5mm seamless steel pipes are adopted as steel pipes; the support mode of the template in the area of the ultra-dangerous template floor slab is to adopt 2 layers of beams to support and bear the weight; the material of the support beam on the 1 st layer is a combination of 2 wood square bars with the length of 40 mm and 80mm, the vertical plate is in the short span direction, and the distance is 300 mm; the 2 nd layer of support beam material is 2 seamless steel pipes with the diameter of 48 multiplied by 3.5mm, the short span direction of the plate is along, and the distance is 1000mm or less; the distance between the bottom support upright stanchions is 1000mm multiplied by 1000mm or less, the step distance between the longitudinal and transverse horizontal poles is 1.5m, and the bottom of the upright stanchions adopts a wood base plate of 2000mm multiplied by 200mm multiplied by 50 mm; the beam side template supporting mode adopts a main edge transverse secondary edge hardening mode; the main corrugated material is a combination of 2 seamless steel pipes with the diameter of 48 multiplied by 3.5mm, the distance is 100mm, 500mm (400 mm); the secondary ridges are 1 square batten of 40 multiplied by 80mm, and the distance is 300 mm; m14 counter-pulling bolts are adopted for the beam side counter-pulling, and the horizontal distance is 400 mm; the supporting mode of the beam bottom template is that 2 layers of beams are adopted for transverse and transverse mixed bearing, the 1 st layer of supporting beam material is 1 wooden square strip with the thickness of 40 multiplied by 80mm, the vertical beam direction and the interval are 200mm, the 2 nd layer of supporting beam material is a combination of 2 seamless steel pipes with the thickness of 48 multiplied by 3.5mm, the distance is the same as that of the beam bottom upright rods along the beam crossing direction, the beam bottom support adopts double rows of upright rod top support bearing when the beam height is more than 1m, the double rows of upright rods on the beam side assist bearing, the bearing cross rod on the upright rod on the beam side adopts double fasteners for skid resistance, and the bottom of the upright rod adopts a wood pad plate with the thickness of 2000mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 50 mm;
three-dimensional visual simulation erection, template visual model design is carried out by utilizing BIM, and a BIM model is established; the statistics of the material consumption of the template is realized through a BIM model, and the construction problems of template splicing, rod piece arrangement and the like are solved through three-dimensional visual intersection of a beam fastener type large sample drawing, a vertical rod plane drawing and the like;
positioning elastic threads and erecting a frame body, leading out dxf and xml data of coordinates of template vertical rods in a BIM model, leading the coordinate data into a Leica total station, marking specific vertical rod positions, lofting and marking the vertical rod intervals through the BIM model, marking the vertical rod positions, and erecting the frame body after finishing the lofting and marking;
installing a template, installing a beam bottom template, paving a floor slab template, binding wall column reinforcing steel bars, installing the wall column template, and rechecking after the installation is finished;
pouring wall column concrete, binding beam and plate ribs, binding plate and plate ribs and reinforcing a beam side template;
arranging a monitoring system, pouring beam plate concrete, judging the pouring state of the beam plate concrete in real time by the monitoring system, stopping pouring if the state is abnormal, and continuing pouring until the pouring is finished if the state is normal, and maintaining and removing the formwork; in the process of pouring the beam plate concrete, the real-time monitoring of the pouring state is realized, and abnormity judgment and processing can be carried out according to the monitoring condition, so that safe construction is realized.
In one embodiment, in order to build a monitoring system and accurately acquire data of a pouring state, the monitoring system needs to be arranged, and the steps comprise:
mounting the inclination angle sensors at four corners and long edges of the template, fixing mounting fasteners on the inclination angle sensors at the polished positions of the measured object, then adjusting positioning screws of the mounting bracket to enable the inclination angle sensors to be kept horizontal as much as possible, and adjusting initial measured values of the inclination angle sensors to be close to zero;
installing an axial pressure sensor at the bottom of a template top support, lowering the top support at the top of an upright rod when the axial pressure sensor is installed, installing the axial pressure sensor between the top support and a template bottom beam, then padding a steel plate between a steel pipe and the sensor, wherein the thickness of the steel plate is not less than 10mm, and then tightening the top support to enable the axial pressure sensor, the upright rod and the template to be stressed on the same vertical line;
the displacement sensors are arranged at the stressed parts of the four corners, the middle parts of the four sides and the middle part of the top of the template unit frame, when the displacement sensors are arranged, fasteners on a displacement sensor support are fixed on upright posts to be monitored, target spots are arranged on the ground right below the upright posts, and the positions of the displacement sensors are adjusted to enable laser beams of the displacement sensors to vertically hit the target spots;
after the inclination angle sensor, the displacement sensor and the axial pressure sensor are installed, connection is established with a remote host through a wireless acquisition terminal; the connection of the sensors (tilt, displacement and axial pressure sensors, etc.) to the wireless acquisition terminal, as well as to the remote host, is known in the art, as is known from the disclosure of the prior art, such as CN 111341081A.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the monitoring system further determines the pouring state of the beam slab concrete in real time, and includes the following steps:
confirming monitoring points, and further confirming whether monitoring targets of an inclination angle sensor, a displacement sensor and a shaft pressure sensor are effective or not;
setting a monitoring target value shown in table 1, monitoring template settlement by using a displacement sensor, setting a vertical displacement threshold value of the template settlement as 80% of a template vertical deformation allowable value, wherein the template vertical deformation allowable value is 1/400% of a template calculation span; the horizontal displacement of the vertical rod is monitored by using a displacement sensor, the threshold value of the horizontal displacement is set to be d equal to h/300, and h is the installation height of the displacement sensor; monitoring the vertical rod axial force by using an axial pressure sensor, wherein the axial force threshold is set to be 80% of the maximum allowable load of a single vertical rod; monitoring the inclination angle of the vertical rod by using an inclination angle sensor, wherein an inclination angle threshold theta is set according to the formula (1):
in the formula, d is a horizontal displacement threshold value, and l is the length of the monitored vertical rod;
TABLE 1 sensor monitoring target value settings
| Name (R) | Alarm value (Absolute value) | Early warning value (Absolute value) | Monitoring element |
| Vertical displacement threshold | 12(mm) | 9(mm) | Displacement sensor |
| Horizontal displacement threshold | 15(mm) | 12(mm) | Displacement sensor |
| Dip threshold | 3‰ | 2.4‰ | Tilt angle sensor |
| Threshold value of axial force | 20.0kN | 16.0kN | Axial pressure sensor |
Judging a threshold value, as shown in table 1, entering an early warning state when a vertical displacement value monitored by a displacement sensor is greater than or equal to 80% of a vertical displacement threshold value, and entering an alarm state when the vertical displacement value is greater than or equal to the vertical displacement threshold value; when the horizontal displacement value monitored by the displacement sensor is greater than or equal to 80% of the horizontal displacement threshold value, entering an early warning state, and when the horizontal displacement value is greater than or equal to the horizontal displacement threshold value, entering an alarm state; when the shaft pressure sensor monitors that the vertical shaft force value is more than or equal to 80% of the shaft force threshold value, the early warning state is entered, and when the vertical shaft force value is more than or equal to the shaft force threshold value, the alarming state is entered; when the inclination angle sensor monitors that the inclination angle value of the vertical rod is greater than or equal to 80% of the inclination angle threshold value, the early warning state is entered, and when the inclination angle value of the vertical rod is greater than or equal to the inclination angle threshold value, the alarming state is entered;
exception handling, namely prompting the early warning state, judging the alarm state to be an abnormal state and prompting;
in a one-time pouring test, the weight distribution pressure of a single upright rod steel bar is 1.44KN, the accumulated inclination rate of the upright rod is 1.117 per thousand, the accumulated vertical displacement of the support is-1.6 mm, the accumulated horizontal displacement of the support is-4.5 mm, the axial force of the upright rod is increased by 5.411kN after the concrete pouring is finished for two hours after the concrete pouring is started, the actual upright rod is pressed by 6.851KN, and the monitoring data are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 pouring test monitoring data table
In some embodiments, the step of setting up the rack may further include:
the method comprises the steps of building a floor sweeping rod, placing a base plate, building a high formwork upright support, connecting an upright rod with the floor sweeping rod, building vertical and horizontal rods, and installing vertical and horizontal cross braces.
In some embodiments, the step of template installation may further comprise:
ejecting the elevation of the bottom beam mold by using the horizontal pipe according to the mark, and erecting the longitudinal edge of the bottom beam steel pipe; after the beam bottom template is laid, the side template is sealed, the bottom of the side template is pressed tightly, then the side template is hung straight, and the side template is supported and fixed by an inclined rod; inserting the adjustable jacking into the upright column, erecting a steel pipe, straightening the jacking to the floor bottom elevation, installing a joist, paving square timber, and checking by pulling wires until the leveling.
In some embodiments, the step of pouring the slab concrete may further comprise:
casting and tamping the first beam and the rear plate, and performing layered casting from midspan to two ends symmetrically; pouring the concrete of the slab from the column node to the periphery, converging at the center of the slab, and finishing pouring the concrete of the upper layer before initial setting of the concrete of the lower layer; the beam is poured in layers, when the beam reaches the bottom position of the slab, the beam and the slab concrete are poured together, and the pouring direction of the concrete is opposite to the pouring direction; the inserted vibrating rod is inserted quickly and pulled slowly, the inserting points are arranged in a quincunx shape, the moving distance is not more than 1.5 times of the acting radius of the vibrating rod, and the next layer of concrete is inserted for 5cm when the previous layer is vibrated so as to eliminate the seam between the two layers.
Reference in the specification to "some embodiments," "one embodiment," or "an embodiment," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in some embodiments," "in one embodiment," or "in an embodiment," or the like, in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Thus, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic illustrated or described in connection with one embodiment may be combined, in whole or in part, with a feature, structure, or characteristic of one or more other embodiments without limitation, as long as the combination is not logical or operational. Additionally, the various elements of the drawings of the present application are merely schematic illustrations and are not drawn to scale.
Having thus described several aspects of at least one embodiment of this invention, it is to be appreciated various alterations, modifications, and improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Such alterations, modifications, and improvements are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for the large-span ultrahigh formwork is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
construction preparation, namely determining construction parameters of a template;
three-dimensional visual simulation erection, template visual model design is carried out by utilizing BIM, and a BIM model is established;
setting up a positioning elastic line and a frame body, lofting and marking the space between the vertical rods through a BIM model, marking the positions of the vertical rods, and setting up the frame body after finishing marking;
installing a template, installing a beam bottom template, paving a floor slab template, binding wall column reinforcing steel bars, installing the wall column template, and rechecking after the installation is finished;
pouring wall column concrete, binding beam and plate ribs, binding plate and plate ribs and reinforcing a beam side template;
and arranging a monitoring system, pouring the beam plate concrete, judging the pouring state of the beam plate concrete in real time by the monitoring system, stopping pouring if the state is abnormal, and continuing pouring until the pouring is finished if the state is normal, and maintaining and removing the formwork.
2. The real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for the large-span ultrahigh formwork as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of arranging the monitoring system comprises:
mounting the inclination angle sensors at four corners and long edges of the template, fixing mounting fasteners on the inclination angle sensors at the polished positions of the measured object, then adjusting positioning screws of the mounting bracket to enable the inclination angle sensors to be kept horizontal as much as possible, and adjusting initial measured values of the inclination angle sensors to be close to zero;
installing an axial pressure sensor at the bottom of a template top support, lowering the top support at the top of an upright rod when the axial pressure sensor is installed, installing the axial pressure sensor between the top support and a template bottom beam, then padding a steel plate between a steel pipe and the sensor, wherein the thickness of the steel plate is not less than 10mm, and then tightening the top support to enable the axial pressure sensor, the upright rod and the template to be stressed on the same vertical line;
the displacement sensors are arranged at the stressed parts of the four corners, the middle parts of the four sides and the middle part of the top of the template unit frame, when the displacement sensors are arranged, fasteners on a displacement sensor support are fixed on upright posts to be monitored, target spots are arranged on the ground right below the upright posts, and the positions of the displacement sensors are adjusted to enable laser beams of the displacement sensors to vertically hit the target spots;
after the inclination angle sensor, the displacement sensor and the axial pressure sensor are installed, the wireless acquisition terminal is connected with the remote host.
3. The real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for the large-span ultrahigh formwork as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of determining the pouring state of the beam slab concrete in real time by the monitoring system comprises:
confirming monitoring points, and further confirming whether monitoring targets of an inclination angle sensor, a displacement sensor and a shaft pressure sensor are effective or not;
setting a monitoring target value, monitoring the template sedimentation by using a displacement sensor, setting a vertical displacement threshold value of the template sedimentation to be 80% of a vertical deformation allowable value of the template, wherein the vertical deformation allowable value of the template is 1/400% of the calculation span of the template; the horizontal displacement of the vertical rod is monitored by using a displacement sensor, the threshold value of the horizontal displacement is set to be d equal to h/300, and h is the installation height of the displacement sensor; monitoring the vertical rod axial force by using an axial pressure sensor, wherein the axial force threshold is set to be 80% of the maximum allowable load of a single vertical rod; monitoring the inclination angle of the vertical rod by using an inclination angle sensor, wherein an inclination angle threshold value theta is set according to the following formula:
in the formula, d is a horizontal displacement threshold value, and l is the length of the monitored vertical rod;
threshold value judgment, namely entering an early warning state when the vertical displacement value monitored by the displacement sensor is greater than or equal to 80% of the vertical displacement threshold value, and entering an alarm state when the vertical displacement value is greater than or equal to the vertical displacement threshold value; when the horizontal displacement value monitored by the displacement sensor is greater than or equal to 80% of the horizontal displacement threshold value, entering an early warning state, and when the horizontal displacement value is greater than or equal to the horizontal displacement threshold value, entering an alarm state; when the shaft pressure sensor monitors that the vertical shaft force value is more than or equal to 80% of the shaft force threshold value, the early warning state is entered, and when the vertical shaft force value is more than or equal to the shaft force threshold value, the alarming state is entered; when the inclination angle sensor monitors that the inclination angle value of the vertical rod is greater than or equal to 80% of the inclination angle threshold value, the early warning state is entered, and when the inclination angle value of the vertical rod is greater than or equal to the inclination angle threshold value, the alarming state is entered;
and exception handling, namely prompting the early warning state, judging the alarm state to be an abnormal state and prompting.
4. The real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for the large-span ultrahigh formwork support according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of erecting a frame body comprises:
the method comprises the steps of building a floor sweeping rod, placing a base plate, building a high formwork upright support, connecting an upright rod with the floor sweeping rod, building vertical and horizontal rods, and installing vertical and horizontal cross braces.
5. The real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for the large-span ultrahigh formwork as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of installing the formwork further comprises:
ejecting the elevation of the bottom beam mold by using the horizontal pipe according to the mark, and erecting the longitudinal edge of the bottom beam steel pipe;
after the beam bottom template is laid, the side template is sealed, the bottom of the side template is pressed tightly, then the side template is hung straight, and the side template is supported and fixed by an inclined rod; inserting the adjustable jacking into the upright column, erecting a steel pipe, straightening the jacking to the floor bottom elevation, installing a joist, paving square timber, and checking by pulling wires until the leveling.
6. The real-time dynamic monitoring construction method for the large-span ultrahigh formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of pouring the beam slab concrete further comprises:
casting and tamping the first beam and the rear plate, and performing layered casting from midspan to two ends symmetrically;
pouring the plate concrete from the column joints to the periphery, and converging in the center of the plate;
the beam is poured in layers, when the beam reaches the bottom position of the slab, the beam and the slab concrete are poured together, and the pouring direction of the concrete is opposite to the pouring direction;
the inserted vibrating rod is inserted quickly and pulled slowly, the inserting points are arranged in a quincunx shape, the moving distance is not more than 1.5 times of the acting radius of the vibrating rod, and the next layer of concrete is inserted for 5cm when the previous layer is vibrated so as to eliminate the seam between the two layers.
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Application publication date: 20211022 |