CN113528875A - Method for adding alloy elements for hot galvanizing of steel - Google Patents
Method for adding alloy elements for hot galvanizing of steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113528875A CN113528875A CN202110725853.1A CN202110725853A CN113528875A CN 113528875 A CN113528875 A CN 113528875A CN 202110725853 A CN202110725853 A CN 202110725853A CN 113528875 A CN113528875 A CN 113528875A
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 213
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910001325 element alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910007567 Zn-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910007614 Zn—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910018507 Al—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007570 Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007563 Zn—Bi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007612 Zn—La Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an alloy element adding method for steel hot galvanizing, and relates to the technical field of metallurgical engineering. The invention comprises the following steps: s1: crushing an Al material, a Ni material, a Bi material, a La material, a Ce material and a Zn material in batches, and weighing according to the weight ratio after crushing; s2: smelting a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy; s3: smelting an Al-Ni intermediate alloy; s4: smelting a Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy; s5: preparing a multi-element alloy ingot, adding the rest Zn material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 500-550 ℃, melting into a zinc liquid, adding a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy and an Al-Ni intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 650-750 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30 min, and then fully stirring. The method adopts a mode of metal ingots and intermediate alloys to smelt the multi-element alloys, and fully utilizes the characteristic of low melting point of the intermediate alloys, thereby greatly shortening the smelting time of the intermediate alloys, reducing the oxidation burning loss of easily-oxidizable elements, improving the metal yield and improving the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical engineering, and particularly relates to an alloy element adding method for steel hot galvanizing.
Background
The hot dip galvanizing is one of the most effective means for delaying the environmental corrosion of steel materials, and is to dip the steel products with their surfaces cleaned and activated into molten zinc liquid, and to plate a zinc alloy coating with good adhesion on the steel products through the reaction and diffusion between iron and zinc.
In order to improve the corrosion resistance, thickness uniformity and brightness of galvanizing in the hot galvanizing process, a plurality of alloy elements such as aluminum, bismuth, nickel, lanthanum and the like are often added into zinc liquid, and most of the alloys sold in the market are binary alloys such as Zn-Al, Zn-Ni, Zn-Bi and Zn-La alloys. Hot galvanizing enterprises need to purchase various alloys, the occupation amount of mobile capital is large, and the operation cost of the enterprises is high. In addition, in the hot galvanizing process, four alloys need to be added, which causes difficulty in production control, and the production needs to be stopped when the alloys are added, which causes reduction in hot galvanizing productivity. The production of the quinary alloy Zn-Al-Ni-Bi-RE is the main approach to solve the above problems. In the process of smelting multi-element alloy, the method of once smelting (that is, all elements are melted in a smelting furnace by using simple substance metal) is limited, and firstly, the melting point difference of various metals is large: the melting point of Zn was 419 ℃, the melting point of Al was 660.3 ℃, the melting point of Bi was 271.3 ℃, the melting point of La was 919 ℃, and the melting point of Ni was 1455 ℃. If the smelting temperature is low, metals of all alloy elements are sequentially added in the smelting process, the melting speed of high-melting-point metals such as nickel and lanthanum is low, the smelting period of the alloy is long, the production efficiency is low, the alloy liquid is seriously oxidized, if high-temperature smelting is adopted in the smelting process, zinc is volatile and oxidized, rare earth elements are easily oxidized, the burning loss of all components is large, the metal yield is low, the chemical composition stability is poor, and the difficulty in the alloy production process is large.
In view of the above problems, the existing methods for adding elements to hot dip galvanized alloys cannot meet the requirements in practical use, so that improved techniques are urgently needed in the market to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an alloy element adding method for steel hot galvanizing, which adopts a metal ingot and an intermediate alloy mode to smelt a multi-element alloy, the multi-element alloy ingot has low melting point, quick dissolution and stable yield.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an alloy element adding method for steel hot galvanizing, which comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing an Al material, a Ni material, a Bi material, a La material, a Ce material and a Zn material in batches, and weighing 100kg of Al material powder, 10kg of Ni material powder, 15kg of Bi material powder, 5kg of La material powder, 5kg of Ce material powder and 865kg of Zn material powder respectively after crushing;
s2: smelting a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy;
s3: smelting an Al-Ni intermediate alloy;
s4: smelting a Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy;
s5: preparing a multi-element alloy ingot, adding the rest Zn material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 500-550 ℃, melting into a zinc liquid, adding a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy and an Al-Ni intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 650-750 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30 min, then fully stirring, adding 15kg of Bi material powder and the Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 700-750 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30 min, skimming slag, and casting into the multi-element alloy ingot in a cast iron mold;
s6: putting a multi-element alloy ingot into a hot-dip coating tank;
s7: pickling the steel part to be galvanized to remove iron oxide on the surface of the steel part, cleaning the steel part in an ammonium chloride aqueous solution tank after pickling, and then sending the steel part into a hot-dip galvanizing tank for hot galvanizing of steel.
Furthermore, the Bi material and the Zn material are crushed into 80-100 meshes, and the Al material, the Ni material, the Mg material, the La material and the Ce material are crushed into 200-400 meshes.
Furthermore, the multi-element alloy ingot comprises, by mass, Al10 +/-2%, Ni1 +/-0.1%, Bi1.5 +/-0.15%, La0.5%, Ce0.5% and the balance of Zn.
Further, the specific steps of smelting the Zn-Ni master alloy in the S2 are as follows:
s21: adding 100kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 450-500 ℃;
s22: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 2kgNi material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the zinc liquid under the electromagnetic force stirring, and preserving the heat for 20-30 min;
s23: then adding 2kgNi material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the zinc liquid under electromagnetic force stirring, heating to 600-650 ℃, fully stirring after the nickel is completely melted, and preserving heat for 20-30 min;
s24: slagging off and then casting ingots in a metal mold.
Further, the Al-Ni master alloy smelting step in S3 comprises the following specific steps:
s31: adding 50kg of Al material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 800-820 ℃;
s32: after Al material powder is completely melted, adding 3kg of Ni material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into aluminum liquid under the stirring of electromagnetic force, and preserving heat for 20-30 min;
s33: then adding 3kgNi material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the aluminum liquid under the electromagnetic stirring, heating to 850-900 ℃, fully stirring after the nickel is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 40-50 min;
s34: slagging off and then casting ingots in a metal mold.
Further, the specific steps of smelting the Zn-Al-rare earth master alloy in the S4 are as follows:
s41: adding 50kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 450-500 ℃;
s42: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 50kg of Al material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 650-700 ℃;
s43: after Al material powder is completely melted, respectively adding 5kg of La material powder and 5kg of Ce material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the La material powder and the Ce material powder into molten zinc-aluminum under the stirring of electromagnetic force, heating to 750-800 ℃, and preserving heat for 50-60 min;
s44: slagging off and then casting ingots in a metal mold.
Further, the weight of the single multi-alloy ingot cast in S5 is 10 ± 0.5 kg.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the alloy element adding process adopts a metal ingot and an intermediate alloy mode to smelt the multi-element alloy, the multi-element alloy ingot has low melting point, quick dissolution and stable yield, the method fully utilizes the characteristic of low melting point of the intermediate alloy, greatly shortens the smelting time of the intermediate alloy, reduces the oxidation burning loss of easily-oxidizable elements, improves the metal yield, improves the production efficiency, and solves the problems of easy burning loss of simple metal substances, difficult melting of high melting point, high density, easy segregation and the like.
2. The invention can reduce the oxidation of the zinc liquid and increase the brightness of the plating layer by adding aluminum, can improve the fluidity of the zinc liquid, reduce the sagging of the plated piece, improve the evenness of the plating layer and improve the surface gloss of the plated piece by adding nickel, can reduce the surface tension of the zinc liquid by adding rare earth alloy elements lanthanum and cerium, improve the wettability to the steel surface, reduce the plating leakage, is beneficial to preventing the zinc nodules from being generated on the plating layer, can improve the corrosion resistance of the plating layer, can obviously reduce the surface tension of the zinc liquid by adding bismuth, improve the wettability to the steel surface, is beneficial to obtaining a smooth plating layer, and increases the reflux quantity of the zinc liquid when the plated piece leaves a zinc pot, so the thickness of a pure zinc layer can be reduced, the zinc consumption is reduced, various alloy elements are matched with each other, and the performance of a steel hot-dip zinc coating is greatly improved.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention is a method for adding alloy elements for hot galvanizing steel, comprising the following steps (in terms of furnace amount 1000 kg):
s1: crushing Al materials, Ni materials, Bi materials, La materials, Ce materials and Zn materials in batches, wherein the crushing specifications of the Bi materials and the Zn materials are 80-100 meshes, the crushing specifications of the Al materials, the Ni materials, the Mg materials, the La materials and the Ce materials are 200-400 meshes, after crushing, 100kg of Al material powder, 10kg of Ni material powder, 15kg of Bi material powder, 5kg of La material powder, 5kg of Ce material powder and 865kg of Zn material powder are respectively weighed, and the multi-element alloy ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass of Al10 +/-2%, Ni1 +/-0.1%, Bi1.5 +/-0.15%, La0.5% and Ce0.5%, and the balance of Zn;
s2: smelting a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy;
the specific steps for smelting the Zn-Ni intermediate alloy are as follows:
s21: adding 100kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 450 ℃;
s22: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 2kgNi material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the zinc liquid under the electromagnetic force stirring, and preserving the temperature for 20 min;
s23: then adding 2kgNi material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into a zinc liquid under electromagnetic force stirring, heating to 600 ℃, fully stirring after nickel is completely melted, and preserving heat for 20 min;
s24: slagging off, and then casting ingots in a metal mold;
s3: smelting an Al-Ni intermediate alloy;
the specific steps for smelting the Al-Ni intermediate alloy are as follows:
s31: adding 50kg of Al material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 800 ℃;
s32: after Al material powder is completely melted, adding 3kg of Ni material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the aluminum liquid under the stirring of electromagnetic force, and preserving heat for 20 min;
s33: then adding 3kgNi material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the aluminum liquid under the stirring of electromagnetic force, heating to 850 ℃, fully stirring after the nickel is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 40 min;
s34: slagging off, and then casting ingots in a metal mold;
s4: smelting a Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy;
the specific steps for smelting the Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy are as follows:
s41: adding 50kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 450 ℃;
s42: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 50kg of Al material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 650 ℃;
s43: after Al material powder is completely melted, respectively adding 5kg of La material powder and 5kg of Ce material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the La material powder and the Ce material powder into the molten zinc-aluminum under the stirring of electromagnetic force, heating to 750 ℃, and preserving heat for 50 min;
s44: slagging off, and then casting ingots in a metal mold;
s5: preparing a multi-element alloy ingot, adding the rest Zn material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 500 ℃, melting into a zinc liquid, adding a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy and an Al-Ni intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 650 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, then fully stirring, adding 15kg of Bi material powder and a Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 700 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, skimming, and then casting into a multi-element alloy ingot in a cast iron mold, wherein the weight of a single multi-element alloy ingot is 10 +/-0.5 kg;
s6: putting a multi-element alloy ingot into a hot-dip coating tank;
s7: pickling the steel part to be galvanized to remove iron oxide on the surface of the steel part, cleaning the steel part in an ammonium chloride aqueous solution tank after pickling, and then sending the steel part into a hot-dip galvanizing tank for hot galvanizing of steel.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention is a method for adding alloy elements for hot galvanizing steel, comprising the following steps (in terms of furnace amount 1000 kg):
s1: crushing Al materials, Ni materials, Bi materials, La materials, Ce materials and Zn materials in batches, wherein the crushing specifications of the Bi materials and the Zn materials are 80-100 meshes, the crushing specifications of the Al materials, the Ni materials, the Mg materials, the La materials and the Ce materials are 200-400 meshes, after crushing, 100kg of Al material powder, 10kg of Ni material powder, 15kg of Bi material powder, 5kg of La material powder, 5kg of Ce material powder and 865kg of Zn material powder are respectively weighed, and the multi-element alloy ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass of Al10 +/-2%, Ni1 +/-0.1%, Bi1.5 +/-0.15%, La0.5% and Ce0.5%, and the balance of Zn;
s2: smelting a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy;
the specific steps for smelting the Zn-Ni intermediate alloy are as follows:
s21: adding 100kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 475 ℃;
s22: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 2kgNi material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the zinc liquid under the electromagnetic force stirring, and keeping the temperature for 25 min;
s23: then adding 2kgNi material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the zinc liquid under electromagnetic force stirring, heating to 625 ℃, fully stirring after the nickel is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 25 min;
s24: slagging off, and then casting ingots in a metal mold;
s3: smelting an Al-Ni intermediate alloy;
the specific steps for smelting the Al-Ni intermediate alloy are as follows:
s31: adding 50kg of Al material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 810 ℃;
s32: after Al material powder is completely melted, adding 3kg of Ni material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the aluminum liquid under the stirring of electromagnetic force, and keeping the temperature for 25 min;
s33: then adding 3kg of Ni material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the aluminum liquid under the stirring of electromagnetic force, heating to 875 ℃, fully stirring after the nickel is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 45 min;
s34: slagging off, and then casting ingots in a metal mold;
s4: smelting a Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy;
the specific steps for smelting the Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy are as follows:
s41: adding 50kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 475 ℃;
s42: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 50kg of Al material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 675 ℃;
s43: after Al material powder is completely melted, respectively adding 5kg of La material powder and 5kg of Ce material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the La material powder and the Ce material powder into the molten zinc-aluminum under the stirring of electromagnetic force, heating to 775 ℃, and preserving heat for 55 min;
s44: slagging off, and then casting ingots in a metal mold;
s5: preparing a multi-element alloy ingot, adding the rest Zn material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 525 ℃, melting into a zinc liquid, adding a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy and an Al-Ni intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 700 ℃, keeping the temperature for 25min, then fully stirring, adding 15kg of Bi material powder and the Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 725 ℃, keeping the temperature for 25min, skimming, and then casting into the multi-element alloy ingot in a cast iron mold, wherein the weight of a single multi-element alloy ingot is 10 +/-0.5 kg;
s6: putting a multi-element alloy ingot into a hot-dip coating tank;
s7: pickling the steel part to be galvanized to remove iron oxide on the surface of the steel part, cleaning the steel part in an ammonium chloride aqueous solution tank after pickling, and then sending the steel part into a hot-dip galvanizing tank for hot galvanizing of steel.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention is a method for adding alloy elements for hot galvanizing steel, comprising the following steps (in terms of furnace amount 1000 kg):
s1: crushing Al materials, Ni materials, Bi materials, La materials, Ce materials and Zn materials in batches, wherein the crushing specifications of the Bi materials and the Zn materials are 80-100 meshes, the crushing specifications of the Al materials, the Ni materials, the Mg materials, the La materials and the Ce materials are 200-400 meshes, after crushing, 100kg of Al material powder, 10kg of Ni material powder, 15kg of Bi material powder, 5kg of La material powder, 5kg of Ce material powder and 865kg of Zn material powder are respectively weighed, and the multi-element alloy ingot comprises the following components in percentage by mass of Al10 +/-2%, Ni1 +/-0.1%, Bi1.5 +/-0.15%, La0.5% and Ce0.5%, and the balance of Zn;
s2: smelting a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy;
the specific steps for smelting the Zn-Ni intermediate alloy are as follows:
s21: adding 100kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 500 ℃;
s22: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 2kgNi material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the zinc liquid under the electromagnetic force stirring, and preserving the temperature for 30 min;
s23: then adding 2kgNi material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into a zinc liquid under electromagnetic force stirring, heating to 650 ℃, fully stirring after nickel is completely melted, and preserving heat for 30 min;
s24: slagging off, and then casting ingots in a metal mold;
s3: smelting an Al-Ni intermediate alloy;
the specific steps for smelting the Al-Ni intermediate alloy are as follows:
s31: adding 50kg of Al material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 820 ℃;
s32: after Al material powder is completely melted, adding 3kg of Ni material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the aluminum liquid under the stirring of electromagnetic force, and preserving heat for 30 min;
s33: then adding 3kgNi material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the aluminum liquid under the stirring of electromagnetic force, heating to 900 ℃, fully stirring after the nickel is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 50 min;
s34: slagging off, and then casting ingots in a metal mold;
s4: smelting a Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy;
the specific steps for smelting the Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy are as follows:
s41: adding 50kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 500 ℃;
s42: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 50kg of Al material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 700 ℃;
s43: after Al material powder is completely melted, respectively adding 5kg of La material powder and 5kg of Ce material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the La material powder and the Ce material powder into the molten zinc-aluminum under the stirring of electromagnetic force, heating to 800 ℃, and preserving heat for 60 min;
s44: slagging off, and then casting ingots in a metal mold;
s5: preparing a multi-element alloy ingot, adding the rest Zn material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 550 ℃, melting into a zinc liquid, adding a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy and an Al-Ni intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 750 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, then fully stirring, adding 15kg of Bi material powder and a Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 750 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, removing slag, and casting into a multi-element alloy ingot in a cast iron mold, wherein the weight of a single multi-element alloy ingot is 10 +/-0.5 kg;
s6: putting a multi-element alloy ingot into a hot-dip coating tank;
s7: pickling the steel part to be galvanized to remove iron oxide on the surface of the steel part, cleaning the steel part in an ammonium chloride aqueous solution tank after pickling, and then sending the steel part into a hot-dip galvanizing tank for hot galvanizing of steel.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, and to some of the technical features thereof, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An alloy element adding method for steel hot galvanizing is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing an Al material, a Ni material, a Bi material, a La material, a Ce material and a Zn material in batches, and weighing 100kg of Al material powder, 10kg of Ni material powder, 15kg of Bi material powder, 5kg of La material powder, 5kg of Ce material powder and 865kg of Zn material powder respectively after crushing;
s2: smelting a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy;
s3: smelting an Al-Ni intermediate alloy;
s4: smelting a Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy;
s5: preparing a multi-element alloy ingot, adding the rest Zn material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 500-550 ℃, melting into a zinc liquid, adding a Zn-Ni intermediate alloy and an Al-Ni intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 650-750 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30 min, then fully stirring, adding 15kg of Bi material powder and the Zn-Al-rare earth intermediate alloy into the intermediate frequency furnace simultaneously, heating to 700-750 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30 min, skimming slag, and casting into the multi-element alloy ingot in a cast iron mold;
s6: putting a multi-element alloy ingot into a hot-dip coating tank;
s7: pickling the steel part to be galvanized to remove iron oxide on the surface of the steel part, cleaning the steel part in an ammonium chloride aqueous solution tank after pickling, and then sending the steel part into a hot-dip galvanizing tank for hot galvanizing of steel.
2. The method for adding alloying elements for hot dip galvanizing steel and iron as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Bi material and the Zn material are each crushed to a size of 80 to 100 mesh, and the Al material, the Ni material, the Mg material, the La material and the Ce material are each crushed to a size of 200 to 400 mesh.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-element alloy ingot comprises, by mass, Al10 + 2%, Ni1 + 0.1%, Bi1.5 + 0.15%, La0.5%, Ce0.5%, and the balance Zn.
4. The method for adding the alloy elements for hot galvanizing of steel and iron according to claim 1, wherein the step of smelting the Zn-Ni master alloy in S2 comprises the following steps:
s21: adding 100kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 450-500 ℃;
s22: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 2kgNi material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the zinc liquid under the electromagnetic force stirring, and preserving the heat for 20-30 min;
s23: then adding 2kgNi material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the zinc liquid under electromagnetic force stirring, heating to 600-650 ℃, fully stirring after the nickel is completely melted, and preserving heat for 20-30 min;
s24: slagging off and then casting ingots in a metal mold.
5. The method for adding the alloy element for hot galvanizing of steel and iron according to claim 1, wherein the Al-Ni master alloy is smelted in S3 by the following specific steps:
s31: adding 50kg of Al material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 800-820 ℃;
s32: after Al material powder is completely melted, adding 3kg of Ni material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into aluminum liquid under the stirring of electromagnetic force, and preserving heat for 20-30 min;
s33: then adding 3kgNi material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the Ni material powder into the aluminum liquid under the electromagnetic stirring, heating to 850-900 ℃, fully stirring after the nickel is completely melted, and keeping the temperature for 40-50 min;
s34: slagging off and then casting ingots in a metal mold.
6. The method for adding the alloy elements for hot galvanizing of steel and iron according to claim 1, wherein the step of smelting the Zn-Al-rare earth master alloy in the S4 comprises the following steps:
s41: adding 50kg of Zn material powder into the intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 450-500 ℃;
s42: after the Zn material powder is completely melted, adding 50kg of Al material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, and heating to 650-700 ℃;
s43: after Al material powder is completely melted, respectively adding 5kg of La material powder and 5kg of Ce material powder into an intermediate frequency furnace, rapidly dissolving the La material powder and the Ce material powder into molten zinc-aluminum under the stirring of electromagnetic force, heating to 750-800 ℃, and preserving heat for 50-60 min;
s44: slagging off and then casting ingots in a metal mold.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the single multi-alloy ingot cast in S5 has a weight of 10 ± 0.5 kg.
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