CN113526949A - Method for manufacturing high-temperature-resistant ceramic - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing high-temperature-resistant ceramic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing high-temperature-resistant ceramic, which is technically characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps: s1, selecting and batching; s2, ball milling; s3, sieving to remove iron; s4, pressing mud; s5, coarse smelting; s6, ageing; s7, refining; s8, molding; s9, embryo repairing and water replenishing; s10, biscuit firing; s11, finely trimming and rinsing; s12, glazing and half-inspection: adding glaze into water, stirring to dissolve and regulating pH value to 6-7. The pure ceramic product can be manufactured by adopting the steps of material selection and proportioning, ball milling, sieving for removing iron, mud pressing, rough refining, aging, refining, molding, blank repairing and water supplementing, biscuit firing, refined water passing, glazing for half inspection, firing, finished product inspection and the like, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and no cracking, and can be manufactured into a high temperature resistant ceramic heating plate, a ceramic pot, a ceramic carrier for heating an industrial drying tunnel, a ceramic heating carrier and heating carrier accessory for transferring heat energy and a ceramic electric cooker IH heating inner container; the high-temperature-resistant and high-temperature-resistant paint has the characteristics of high temperature resistance to 800 ℃, no cracking, water absorption rate lower than 1%, stable cold and hot sudden change performance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramics, in particular to a method for manufacturing high-temperature-resistant ceramics.
Background
With the improvement of living standard of people, people pay more and more attention to life appliances with health preservation, environmental protection, no toxicity and health, and various pottery are often the first choice of consumers.
The prior Chinese patent with publication number CN105686619A discloses a production process of a health-care ceramic pot, which comprises the following process steps: 1) preparing mud blocks: the method comprises the following steps of (1) adopting special Jingdezhen kaolin for porcelain sintering, adding spodumene into mud blocks, wherein the proportion of the spodumene is not more than 40%, stirring and kneading by hand or a machine, and spraying water during the stirring and kneading process to ensure the uniformity of water in the mud blocks; 2) pressure forming, namely putting the kneaded mud block into an isostatic pressing forming press, and forming by adopting 500 tons of pressure; 3) glazing: glazing with enamel color at high temperature, and blowing glaze on the enamel to form an enamel color natural transmutation effect; 4) firing in a kiln: placing the ceramic pot with the glaze in a tunnel kiln for firing, wherein the temperature of the tunnel kiln is slowly increased from 0 ℃ to 1400 ℃, and the firing time is 13 hours; 5) cooling; cooling the fired ceramic pot to 80 ℃ and taking out; 6) subsequent treatment; and (5) mounting a handle or other accessories to obtain a finished product.
The ceramic products produced by the process have the defects of uneven heating, explosion and weak heat resistance and relatively short service life.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant ceramic, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for manufacturing high-temperature resistant ceramics comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and blending the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 12-16% of spodumene, 42-48% of petalite, 38-42% of kaolin and 1-3% of crystal;
s2, ball milling: placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling, wherein the proportion of 60mm steel balls in the ball mill is 0-15%, the proportion of 50mm steel balls in the ball mill is 25-34%, the proportion of 40mm steel balls in the ball mill is 27-44%, and the proportion of 30mm steel balls in the ball mill is 22-42%;
s3, sieving to remove iron: sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, wherein the balance of the sieve is 0.5-0.7%, adding water accounting for 150-180% of the total mass of the ingredients to mix into a pug, pumping the pug into an iron removal device through a pump to remove iron repeatedly for 2-3 times, and recovering iron;
s4, pressing mud: a filter press is used for squeezing mud, and water is used for replacing compressed air for squeezing;
s5, coarse smelting: heating the pug to 80-90 ℃ and then carrying out rough smelting for 2 h;
s6, ageing: putting the pug into a staling chamber, and staling for 20-25 days at 26-29 ℃;
s7, refining: performing vacuum pugging for 2 times to make the water content of the pug reach 20-25% and the vacuum degree reach-1 to-0.9 MPa;
s8, granulating by using a spray drying tower, spraying slurry containing 45% of moisture, which is ground by a ball mill, upwards from the lower part of a spray dryer, blowing hot air with the temperature of 450-500 ℃ downwards from the upper part to meet the sprayed slurry to form particles, sieving to obtain dry powder with the particle size of 100 meshes, filling the dry powder ceramic particles into a forming die by using a cold isostatic pressing process, sealing and then placing in a high-pressure cylinder for compression forming;
s9, embryo repairing and water replenishing: drying the obtained embryo body in a drying room at the temperature of 100-108 ℃ for 10-12h, and supplementing water to the dried embryo body;
s10, bisque firing: bisque firing is carried out in a kiln for 10-11h, wherein the bisque firing temperature is 860 ℃ and 880 ℃;
s11, refining and rinsing: finely trimming the embryo, soaking in water and detecting to be qualified;
s12, glazing and half-inspection: adding glaze into water, stirring to dissolve and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8.5; adding glaze water permeation regulator and mixing uniformly to obtain glaze water; applying glaze water on the blank;
s13, sintering and finished product inspection: firing for 15 hours at 1360 ℃, taking out the finished product and detecting to be qualified.
Preferably, when the S1 is selected and proportioned, the following raw materials are selected in percentage by weight: 12-14% of spodumene, 45-48% of petalite, 40-42% of kaolin and 1-3% of crystal.
Preferably, in the step of rough smelting of S5, the pug is heated to 83-86 ℃ and then rough smelting is carried out for 2 hours.
Preferably, in the S6 staling, the pug is put into a staling chamber, the pug is staled for 20-25 days at 26-29 ℃, the pug in the staling chamber is preferably turned once at the time of 5 days and 15 days, when the S9 embryo repairing and water replenishing are carried out, the obtained embryo body is dried for 10-12 hours in a drying room at 104-108 ℃, and the dried embryo is replenished with water.
Preferably, the S10 is subjected to biscuit firing in a kiln for 10-11h, and the biscuit firing temperature is 868-.
Preferably, when the glazing is half-checked in the S12 process, the glaze adopted is a mixture of soluble iron salt, soluble phosphate and soluble silicon-aluminum auxiliary agent; the glaze water permeation regulator is a mixture of ammonium citrate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the mixing mass ratio is ammonium citrate: sodium carboxymethylcellulose ═ 2: 1.5.
in summary, the invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:
the manufacturing method of the high-temperature resistant ceramic can manufacture pure ceramic products by adopting the steps of material selection and proportioning, ball milling, sieving for removing iron, mud pressing, rough smelting, ageing, refining, molding, blank repairing and water supplementing, biscuit firing, refined water passing, glazing for semi-inspection, firing, finished product inspection and the like, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and no cracking, and can manufacture high-temperature resistant ceramic heating plates, ceramic pots, ceramic carriers for heating of industrial drying tunnels, ceramic electric cooker IH heating inner containers, ceramic heating carriers for transferring heat energy and heating carrier accessories; the method has the characteristics of high temperature resistance to 800 ℃, no cracking, water absorption lower than 1%, stable cold and hot sudden change performance and the like, and has reasonable process steps, short process and low implementation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant ceramic includes the following steps:
s1, selecting and blending the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 12% of spodumene, 48% of petalite, 39% of kaolin and 1% of crystal;
s2, ball milling: placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling, wherein the proportion of 60mm steel balls in the ball mill is 0-15%, the proportion of 50mm steel balls in the ball mill is 25-34%, the proportion of 40mm steel balls in the ball mill is 27-44%, and the proportion of 30mm steel balls in the ball mill is 22-42%;
s3, sieving to remove iron: sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, wherein the balance of the sieve is 0.5%, adding water accounting for 150% of the total mass of the ingredients to mix into a pug, pumping the pug into an iron removal device through a pump to remove iron repeatedly for 2 times, and recovering iron;
s4, pressing mud: a filter press is used for squeezing mud, and water is used for replacing compressed air for squeezing;
s5, coarse smelting: heating the pug to 80 ℃ and then carrying out rough smelting for 2 h;
s6, ageing: putting the pug into a staling chamber, and staling for 20 days at 26 ℃;
s7, refining: performing vacuum pugging for 2 times to ensure that the water content of the pug reaches 20 percent and the vacuum degree reaches-1 MPa;
s8, granulating by using a spray drying tower, spraying slurry containing 45% of moisture, which is ground by a ball mill, upwards from the lower part of a spray dryer, blowing hot air with the temperature of 450-500 ℃ downwards from the upper part to meet the sprayed slurry to form particles, sieving to obtain dry powder with the particle size of 100 meshes, filling the dry powder ceramic particles into a forming die by using a cold isostatic pressing process, sealing and then placing in a high-pressure cylinder for compression forming;
s9, embryo repairing and water replenishing: drying the obtained embryo body shape in a drying room at 100 ℃ for 10h, and supplementing water to the dried embryo;
s10, bisque firing: biscuiting in a kiln for 10 hours at a biscuiting temperature of 860 ℃;
s11, refining and rinsing: finely trimming the embryo, soaking in water and detecting to be qualified;
s12, glazing and half-inspection: adding glaze into water, stirring to dissolve and adjusting the pH value to 6; adding glaze water permeation regulator and mixing uniformly to obtain glaze water; applying glaze water on the blank;
s13, sintering and finished product inspection: firing for 15 hours at 1360 ℃, taking out the finished product and detecting to be qualified.
In the S6 staling, the pug is put into a staling chamber, the pug in the staling chamber is preferably turned once at the 5 th day and the 15 th day, when S9 repairs and replenishes the embryo, the shape of the obtained embryo body is dried in a drying room at 104-108 ℃ for 10-12h, and the dried embryo is replenished with water.
Wherein, when the glazing half-detection is carried out in S12, the adopted glaze is a mixture of soluble iron salt, soluble phosphate and soluble silicon-aluminum auxiliary agent; the glaze water permeation regulator is a mixture of ammonium citrate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the mixing mass ratio is ammonium citrate: sodium carboxymethylcellulose ═ 2: 1.5.
the manufacturing method of the high-temperature resistant ceramic can manufacture pure ceramic products by adopting the steps of material selection and proportioning, ball milling, sieving for removing iron, mud pressing, rough smelting, ageing, refining, molding, blank repairing and water supplementing, biscuit firing, refined water passing, glazing and semi-inspection, firing, finished product inspection and the like, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and no cracking, and can manufacture high-temperature resistant ceramic heating plates, ceramic pots, ceramic carriers for heating of industrial drying tunnels and ceramic heating carriers for transferring heat energy; besides, the process has reasonable steps, short process and low implementation cost.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a refractory ceramic includes the following steps:
s1, selecting and blending the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 13% of spodumene, 47% of petalite, 39% of kaolin and 1% of crystal;
s2, ball milling: placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling, wherein the proportion of 60mm steel balls in the ball mill is 0-15%, the proportion of 50mm steel balls in the ball mill is 25-34%, the proportion of 40mm steel balls in the ball mill is 27-44%, and the proportion of 30mm steel balls in the ball mill is 22-42%;
s3, sieving to remove iron: sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, wherein the balance of the sieve is 0.5-0.7%, adding water accounting for 150-180% of the total mass of the ingredients to mix into a pug, pumping the pug into an iron removal device through a pump to remove iron repeatedly for 2-3 times, and recovering iron;
s4, pressing mud: a filter press is used for squeezing mud, and water is used for replacing compressed air for squeezing;
s5, coarse smelting: heating the pug to 90 ℃ and then carrying out rough smelting for 2 h;
s6, ageing: putting the pug into a staling chamber, and staling for 20-25 days at 29 ℃;
s7, refining: performing vacuum pugging for 2 times to ensure that the water content of the pug reaches 25 percent and the vacuum degree reaches-1 to-0.9 MPa;
s8, granulating by using a spray drying tower, spraying slurry containing 45% of moisture, which is ground by a ball mill, upwards from the lower part of a spray dryer, blowing hot air with the temperature of 450-500 ℃ downwards from the upper part to meet the sprayed slurry to form particles, sieving to obtain dry powder with the particle size of 100 meshes, filling the dry powder ceramic particles into a forming die by using a cold isostatic pressing process, sealing and then placing in a high-pressure cylinder for compression forming;
s9, embryo repairing and water replenishing: drying the obtained embryo body shape in a drying room at 108 ℃ for 10-12h, and supplementing water to the dried embryo;
s10, bisque firing: biscuiting in a kiln for 10-11h at a biscuiting temperature of 880 ℃;
s11, refining and rinsing: finely trimming the embryo, soaking in water and detecting to be qualified;
s12, glazing and half-inspection: adding glaze into water, stirring to dissolve and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8.5; adding glaze water permeation regulator and mixing uniformly to obtain glaze water; applying glaze water on the blank;
s13, sintering and finished product inspection: firing for 15 hours at 1360 ℃, taking out the finished product and detecting to be qualified.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a high temperature resistant ceramic includes the following steps:
s1, selecting and blending the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of spodumene, 47% of petalite, 39% of kaolin and 3% of crystal;
s2, ball milling: placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling, wherein the proportion of 60mm steel balls in the ball mill is 0-15%, the proportion of 50mm steel balls in the ball mill is 25-34%, the proportion of 40mm steel balls in the ball mill is 27-44%, and the proportion of 30mm steel balls in the ball mill is 22-42%;
s3, sieving to remove iron: sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, wherein the balance of the sieve is 0.6%, adding water accounting for 150-180% of the total mass of the ingredients to mix into a pug, pumping the pug into an iron removal device through a pump to remove iron repeatedly for 2-3 times, and recovering iron;
s4, pressing mud: a filter press is used for squeezing mud, and water is used for replacing compressed air for squeezing;
s5, coarse smelting: heating the pug to 85 ℃ and then carrying out rough smelting for 2 h;
s6, ageing: putting the pug into a staling chamber, and staling for 20-25 days at 28 ℃;
s7, refining: performing vacuum pugging for 2 times to make the water content of the pug reach 20-25% and the vacuum degree reach-1 to-0.9 MPa;
s8, granulating by using a spray drying tower, spraying slurry containing 45% of moisture, which is ground by a ball mill, upwards from the lower part of a spray dryer, blowing hot air with the temperature of 450-500 ℃ downwards from the upper part to meet the sprayed slurry to form particles, sieving to obtain dry powder with the particle size of 100 meshes, filling the dry powder ceramic particles into a forming die by using a cold isostatic pressing process, sealing and then placing in a high-pressure cylinder for compression forming;
s9, embryo repairing and water replenishing: drying the obtained embryo body shape in a drying room at 104 ℃ for 10-12h, and supplementing water to the dried embryo;
s10, bisque firing: biscuiting in a kiln for 10-11h at a biscuiting temperature of 870 ℃;
s11, refining and rinsing: finely trimming the embryo, soaking in water and detecting to be qualified;
s12, glazing and half-inspection: adding glaze into water, stirring to dissolve, and adjusting the pH value to 7; adding glaze water permeation regulator and mixing uniformly to obtain glaze water; applying glaze water on the blank;
s13, sintering and finished product inspection: firing for 15 hours at 1360 ℃, taking out the finished product and detecting to be qualified.
The manufacturing method of the high-temperature resistant ceramic can manufacture pure ceramic products by adopting the steps of material selection and proportioning, ball milling, sieving for removing iron, mud pressing, rough smelting, ageing, refining, molding, blank repairing and water supplementing, biscuit firing, refined water passing, glazing and semi-inspection, firing, finished product inspection and the like, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and no cracking, and can manufacture high-temperature resistant ceramic heating plates, ceramic pots, ceramic carriers for industrial drying tunnel heating, ceramic electric cooker IH heating inner containers, ceramic heating carriers for transferring heat energy and heating carrier accessories; the method has the characteristics of high temperature resistance to 800 ℃, no cracking, water absorption lower than 1%, stable cold and hot sudden change performance and the like, and has reasonable process steps, short process and low implementation cost.
By comparing the ceramic tools produced in examples 1, 2 and 3 with the comparative documents, the ceramic tools produced in examples 1, 2 and 3 are heated more uniformly, have excellent quenching heat resistance and long service life; and these characteristics are generally improved by more than 20 percent compared with the ceramics produced by the comparison documents.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for manufacturing high-temperature resistant ceramics is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting and blending the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 12-16% of spodumene, 42-48% of petalite, 38-42% of kaolin and 1-3% of crystal;
s2, ball milling: placing the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling, wherein the proportion of 60mm steel balls in the ball mill is 0-15%, the proportion of 50mm steel balls in the ball mill is 25-34%, the proportion of 40mm steel balls in the ball mill is 27-44%, and the proportion of 30mm steel balls in the ball mill is 22-42%;
s3, sieving to remove iron: sieving with a 250-mesh sieve, wherein the balance of the sieve is 0.5-0.7%, adding water accounting for 150-180% of the total mass of the ingredients to mix into a pug, pumping the pug into an iron removal device through a pump to remove iron repeatedly for 2-3 times, and recovering iron;
s4, pressing mud: a filter press is used for squeezing mud, and water is used for replacing compressed air for squeezing;
s5, coarse smelting: heating the pug to 80-90 ℃ and then carrying out rough smelting for 2 h;
s6, ageing: putting the pug into a staling chamber, and staling for 20-25 days at 26-29 ℃;
s7, refining: performing vacuum pugging for 2 times to make the water content of the pug reach 20-25% and the vacuum degree reach-1 to-0.9 MPa;
s8, granulating by using a spray drying tower, spraying slurry containing 45% of moisture, which is ground by a ball mill, upwards from the lower part of a spray dryer, blowing hot air with the temperature of 450-500 ℃ downwards from the upper part to meet the sprayed slurry to form particles, sieving to obtain dry powder with the particle size of 100 meshes, filling the dry powder ceramic particles into a forming die by using a cold isostatic pressing process, sealing and then placing in a high-pressure cylinder for compression forming;
s9, embryo repairing and water replenishing: drying the obtained embryo body in a drying room at the temperature of 100-108 ℃ for 10-12h, and supplementing water to the dried embryo body;
s10, bisque firing: bisque firing is carried out in a kiln for 10-11h, wherein the bisque firing temperature is 860 ℃ and 880 ℃;
s11, refining and rinsing: finely trimming the embryo, soaking in water and detecting to be qualified;
s12, glazing and half-inspection: adding glaze into water, stirring to dissolve and adjusting the pH value to 7.5-8.5; adding glaze water permeation regulator and mixing uniformly to obtain glaze water; applying glaze water on the blank;
s13, sintering and finished product inspection: firing for 15 hours at 1360 ℃, taking out the finished product and detecting to be qualified.
2. The method for manufacturing the high-temperature-resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: when S1 is used for selecting and mixing materials, the following raw materials are selected in percentage by weight: 12-14% of spodumene, 45-48% of petalite, 40-42% of kaolin and 1-3% of crystal.
3. The method for manufacturing the high-temperature-resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: in the step of S5 rough smelting, the pug is heated to 83-86 ℃ and then rough smelting is carried out for 2 h.
4. The method for manufacturing the high-temperature-resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: in the S6 staling, the pug is put into a staling chamber and is staled for 20-25 days at 26-29 ℃, and the pug in the staling chamber is turned over once at the time of 5 days and 15 days respectively.
5. The method for manufacturing the high-temperature-resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: and when the S9 embryo repairing and water supplementing are carried out, drying the obtained embryo body shape in a drying room at the temperature of 104-108 ℃ for 10-12h, and supplementing water to the dried embryo.
6. The method for manufacturing the high-temperature-resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: when in biscuit firing of S10, biscuit firing is carried out in a kiln for 10-11h, and the biscuit firing temperature is 868-.
7. The method for manufacturing the high-temperature-resistant ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: when the glaze is applied to the S12 for half-detection, the glaze adopted is a mixture of soluble iron salt, soluble phosphate and soluble silicon-aluminum auxiliary agent; the glaze water permeation regulator is a mixture of ammonium citrate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the mixing mass ratio is ammonium citrate: sodium carboxymethylcellulose ═ 2: 1.5.
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| CN114057476A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-18 | 佛山市美地陶瓷有限公司 | Production process of high-hardness ceramic tile |
| CN114621001A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-14 | 江西省康舒陶瓷股份有限公司 | Far infrared fine ceramic cooking device |
| CN114751721A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-15 | 孙中富 | Preparation method of water permeable brick |
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| CN109400112A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-03-01 | 湖南嘉盛电陶新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of production technology of ceramic product |
| CN109970440A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 无锡海天臻陶科技有限公司 | A kind of novel high-strength low expansion ceramic cookware and its manufacturing method |
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| CN109970440A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 无锡海天臻陶科技有限公司 | A kind of novel high-strength low expansion ceramic cookware and its manufacturing method |
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| CN114057476A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-18 | 佛山市美地陶瓷有限公司 | Production process of high-hardness ceramic tile |
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Application publication date: 20211022 |