CN113526784A - Ecological purification tank for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of water body and application - Google Patents
Ecological purification tank for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of water body and application Download PDFInfo
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 229910021646 siderite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000005273 Canna coccinea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008555 Canna flaccida Species 0.000 claims description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001633663 Iris pseudacorus Species 0.000 claims 2
- 240000001398 Typha domingensis Species 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 150
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000205574 Acorus calamus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011996 Calamus deerratus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233948 Typha Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005205 Pinus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218602 Pinus <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007418 data mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/04—Oxidation reduction potential [ORP]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
Abstract
The invention provides an ecological purification tank for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of a water body and application thereof, wherein the ecological purification tank comprises a graded gravel packing layer, a deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer, a graded broken stone packing layer, a planting soil layer and a drainage channel; the graded gravel packing layer, the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer and the graded broken stone packing layer are sequentially arranged in parallel, the graded gravel packing layer is positioned on one side of a water body, and water sequentially penetrates the graded gravel packing layer, the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer and the graded broken stone packing layer; the planting soil layer covers the gravel packing layer, the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer and the broken stone packing layer; the planting soil layer is planted with the hygrophytes, and one end of the drainage channel is arranged in the gravel filler layer. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, high efficiency, low cost, zero external carbon source requirement, controllable deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal and high nitrogen removal efficiency are realized; and has characteristics of hydrodynamic condition optimization, stable structure, convenient construction operation and maintenance, controllable seepage filtering effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental pollution treatment and restoration, and particularly relates to an ecological purification tank for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of a water body and application thereof.
Background
In 2017, the publication of Chinese environmental conditions indicates that nitrogen and phosphorus compounds are one of the main pollutants in partial freshwater basins and lakes (reservoirs) in China. Therefore, in order to protect the ecological environment, China sets up increasingly strict nitrogen and phosphorus discharge standards of sewage treatment plants, but urban domestic sewage still contains nitrogen-containing pollutants with certain concentration after secondary treatment. If the nitrogen element in the water body is consumed only by the self-cleaning capacity of the environment without deep denitrification treatment, larger pollution load and ecological toxicity are caused to the environment; the physical and chemical method is adopted for denitrification, and the cost is higher compared with the biological method; the conventional biological denitrification method has more influencing factors, and particularly, the biological denitrification method needs an additional carbon source, increases the cost and is easy to form secondary pollution. Therefore, the development of a novel efficient and economic deep denitrification method for effectively reducing the content of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the polluted water source before the polluted water is converged into lakes and rivers becomes a hotspot of the current research in the field of sewage recycling. Therefore, the development of a practical and effective technology for deeply reducing nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body, the restoration of the ecological health of water in the water body environment and the improvement of the comprehensive function of an aquatic system become urgent matters for the problem of water environment pollution in China.
Aiming at the deep removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body, the method mainly depends on technologies such as an artificial wetland system, an ecological floating trough, biological detention and the like at present, but the commonly used ecological treatment technologies have certain limitation on the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus and are mainly expressed as follows:
(1) the denitrification efficiency is low. The conventional biological denitrification has more influencing factors and a plurality of conditions are difficult to control, so that the single removal effect is not ideal.
(2) High cost and easy secondary pollution. For natural water bodies for receiving tail water (TN is more than or equal to 15mg/L and TP is more than or equal to 0.5 mg/L) of urban sewage treatment plants, methods such as ectopic addition of external carbon sources and chemical agents are mostly used for reaching surface water IV and even III water quality standards, so that the problems of large environmental influence, high operation cost, low efficiency stability, ecological risk and the like exist.
(3) The manipulation is difficult. The conventional wetland system and the ecological management system are usually black box systems which are basically uncontrollable, and have the problems of difficult operation and maintenance, high operation cost and maintenance cost and the like in the operation process. How to realize the controllable and white box of the wetland and ecological management system is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention discloses an ecological purification tank for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of a water body and application thereof, which can realize deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal, further monitor the removal effect and prompt the replacement of a filler in time.
In contrast, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an ecological purification tank for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of a water body comprises a graded gravel packing layer, a deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer, a graded broken stone packing layer, a planting soil layer and a drainage channel;
the graded gravel packing layer, the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer and the graded broken stone packing layer are sequentially arranged in parallel, the graded gravel packing layer is positioned on one side of a water body, and water sequentially penetrates the graded gravel packing layer, the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer and the graded broken stone packing layer; the planting soil layer covers the gravel packing layer, the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer and the broken stone packing layer; the planting soil layer is planted with hygrophytes, and one end of the drainage channel is arranged in the gravel filler layer; the height of the graded gravel packing layer, the height of the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer and the height of the graded broken stone packing layer in the vertical direction are 65-125 cm.
The drainage channel can be a drainage pipe, a drainage channel or a drainage ditch.
As a further improvement of the invention, the graded gravel packing layer comprises gravel, fine sand, silt and bentonite which are graded and combined, and the thickness of the graded gravel packing layer in the horizontal direction is 40-100 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the graded gravel packing layers are arranged in the following steps along the horizontal direction: the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 30-50mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 10-30mm is 5-10cm,the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 5-10mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 3-5mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 1-3mm is 5-10cm, and the thickness of the fine sand is 15-50 cm. The fine sand has a permselectivity of 5 × 10-7~5×10-4 m/s。
The particle size range can be selected but not limited to the range, the flow speed of sewage can be controlled by reasonably adjusting the proportion of the particle size of the gravel according to different concentrations of water-inlet pollutants, and the retention time of the sewage in the functional layer can be further controlled, so that the optimal treatment effect can be achieved. If the water inlet concentration is higher, the proportion of the gravels with smaller particle sizes is properly increased, the flow speed of sewage is slowed down, the retention time of the sewage in the purification ditch is increased, and pollutants in the water are removed to the maximum extent; if the concentration of the influent pollutants is relatively low, the proportion of the gravels with larger grain diameters is properly increased, the flow speed of the sewage is increased, and the reaction time is reduced to a certain extent while the treatment effect is ensured. Meanwhile, the graded gravel packing layer can further filter sewage to remove a part of large-particle pollutants which are not removed in the depression; the graded gravel packing layer also plays a supporting role for planting soil layers and wet plants.
As a further improvement of the invention, the thickness of the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer in the horizontal direction is 40-100 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the filler of the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer comprises a siderite layer, a pyrite layer and a sulfur-siderite composite layer.
As a further improvement of the invention, the siderite layer is formed by grading the fine sand, the bentonite and the siderite, and the average permeability coefficient after grading is 2 multiplied by 10-3~2×10-5m/s; the pyrite layer is formed by grading fine sand, bentonite and pyrite, and the average permeability coefficient after grading is 2 multiplied by 10-3~2×10-5m/s; the sulfur-siderite compound layer is formed by grading silt, bentonite and a sulfur-siderite compound, and the average permeability coefficient after grading is 2 multiplied by 10-3~2×10-5m/s。
As a further improvement of the invention, the volume ratio of the siderite layer, the pyrite layer and the sulfur-siderite composite layer is 1:0.5-5: 0.25-1.
As a further improvement of the invention, the particle size of the siderite, the pyrite and the sulfur-siderite compound is 1-40 mm, and the particle size of the siderite, the pyrite and the sulfur-siderite compound is further preferably 1-10 mm.
When siderite and pyrite are used as electron donor, autotrophic denitrifying bacteria can convert NO3 —Complete reduction of N to N2Wherein pyrite is reacted with NO3 —The N reaction is as follows:
5FeS2+15NO3 -+10H2O→7.5N2+5Fe(OH)3+10SO4 2-+5H+；
siderite and NO3 —The N reaction is as follows:
5FeCO3+NO3 -+12H2O→5Fe(OH)3+0.5N2+CO2+OH-。
while the iron element in the system produces a compound with PO4 3--3-valent iron oxide with P adsorption capacity, thereby realizing synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal; the siderite generates carbon dioxide in the denitrification process, and can continuously provide an inorganic carbon source to ensure the growth and metabolism requirements of microorganisms, so that the system can realize efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal without an additional carbon source; the deep denitrification and dephosphorization filling layer also plays a supporting role for a planting soil layer and a hygrophyte.
As a further improvement of the invention, the thickness of the graded broken stone packing layer in the horizontal direction is 40-100 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the graded broken stone packing layer is sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction: the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 30-50mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 10-30mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 5-10mm is 3-5cm, the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 3-5mm is 3-5cm, and the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 1-3mm is 4-10 cm.
The graded broken stone packing layer can further filter the effluent of the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer to remove possible pollutant residues, and the flow rate of sewage can be controlled by adjusting the proportion of the particle size of the broken stone, so that the retention time of the sewage is controlled to achieve the optimal treatment effect. If the influent concentration is higher, the proportion of the crushed stones with smaller particle sizes is properly increased, the flow speed of sewage is slowed down, the retention time of the sewage in the layer is increased, and pollutants in the water are removed to the maximum extent; if the concentration of the influent pollutants is relatively low, the proportion of the gravels with larger grain diameters is properly increased, the flow speed of the sewage is increased, and the reaction time is reduced to a certain extent while the treatment effect is ensured. The graded broken stone filler layer plays a certain role in buffering the treated sewage from entering a river; the graded broken stone filler layer also plays a supporting role for planting soil layers and hygrophytes.
As a further improvement of the method, the thickness of the planting soil layer is 25-35 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the planting soil layer is organic soil and submerged soil, the planting soil layer provides direct support and required nutrients for the growth of the hygrophytes, the type, the fertility and the structure of the soil have a decisive influence on the variety and the growth vigor of the hygrophytes, and meanwhile, the soil also provides a place for the microbial activities of the wetland and has great influence on the microbial quantity and the population. And can remove the pollutants to a certain extent through adsorption and absorption, ion exchange and the like.
As a further improvement of the invention, the hygrophyte can be selected from, but not limited to, cattail, pinus avicularis, canna, calamus and iris citrifolia, can purify partial pollutants through plant absorption and plant root system adsorption, and can plant different plants according to different water qualities in different matrixes in the purification ditch to increase the ornamental property of the wetland environment.
As a further improvement of the invention, a depression for pretreating sewage is also arranged between the graded gravel packing layer and the water body. By adopting the technical scheme, the depression carries out preliminary pretreatment on sewage entering the purification ditch, water flow passes through the depression firstly, and slowly permeates into the purification ditch after standing and staying for a period of time, and during the staying process of the depression, part of large-particle pollutants, suspended matters and the like in the sewage are physically settled and removed, so that the treatment load of a subsequent structure is reduced, and the possibility of blocking of filter materials in the purification ditch is reduced; meanwhile, sewage stays in the depression, the flow speed of the sewage entering the purification ditch is slowed down, and the buffer effect is achieved.
As a further improvement of the invention, the ecological purifying tank facing the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the water body comprises a graded grit filler layer used for monitoring NO in the inlet water3 -、NO2 -TP, DO, ORP, pH and temperature, a first water quality sensing device which is positioned in the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer and used for monitoring SO in water4 2-、S2-、NO3 -、NO2 -TP, DO, ORP, pH and temperature, and a second water quality sensing device which is positioned on the graded broken stone packing layer and is used for monitoring SO in water4 2-、S2-、NO3 -、NO2 -The first water quality sensing device, the second water quality sensing device and the third water quality sensing device are respectively connected with the control module, and the control module calculates the generation amount of sulfate and sulfide in the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal layer, and the removal effect of nitrate, nitrite and total phosphorus according to data fed back by the water quality sensing devices; and feeding back information to prompt that the filler is cleaned or replaced in time according to the removal efficiency of each pollutant obtained by data calculation, and preliminarily judging whether the filler is blocked or not according to whether each index data is abnormal or not and feeding back information to prompt.
The control module may have the following functions:
(1) the dynamic regulation strategy of the water inlet amount is characterized in that the treatment capacity of each water filtering layer is fed back on line in real time according to the water quality parameters monitored by each water filtering layer on line and in combination with a mechanism model of an ecological purification tank, and the water inlet amount is dynamically matched according to the water quality requirement of outlet water so as to ensure that the outlet water reaches the water quality standard.
(2) The ecological purification tank anti-clogging strategy is characterized in that the running state of the ecological purification tank is evaluated by using data mining algorithms such as time series analysis and the like through water quality parameters of each monitoring point so as to distinguish and analyze the clogging phenomenon.
The invention also discloses an application of the ecological purifying tank facing to the water body deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal, which is used for the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of non-point source pollution control, the ecological purification of polluted water bodies and the water quality improvement and guarantee of rivers, lakes and reservoirs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the technical scheme of the invention realizes high efficiency, low cost, zero external carbon source requirement and controllable deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal by carrying out optimized grading on the type, size and proportion of the packing layer; natural minerals are used as electron donors, so that the denitrification efficiency is high; the material has low price, is naturally used, and has low cost; and compared with the method of adding microbial inoculum and chemical agent into the water body and the like, the method can deeply remove nitrogen and phosphorus and reduce secondary pollution.
Secondly, the technical scheme of the invention is a lateral differential pressure driven packing layer structure which has the characteristics of optimized hydrodynamic conditions, stable structure, convenient construction, operation and maintenance, controllable seepage and filtration effects and the like.
Thirdly, the technical scheme of the invention realizes high-efficiency low-consumption operation and is more intelligent by implanting an online sensing device in each layer, adjusting and checking the process parameters of the ecological purifying tank in real time by monitoring data online and combining control logic and algorithm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ecological purifying tank for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a water body.
The reference numerals include:
the device comprises a soil layer, a water quality sensor, a gravel packing layer, a deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer, a gravel packing layer, a perforated drain pipe, a planting soil layer, a wetland plant, a water quality sensor, a gravel packing layer, a deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer, a gravel packing layer, a perforated drain pipe, a planting soil layer, a wetland plant, a water quality sensor and a water quality sensor, wherein the soil quality sensor is 1-depression, the gravel packing layer is 2-graded, the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer is 3-deep, the gravel packing layer is 4-graded, the gravel packing layer is 5-perforated drain pipe, the planting soil layer is 6-7-hygrophyte, the water quality sensor is 8-first water quality sensor, the water quality sensor is 9-second water quality sensor, and the water quality sensor is 10-third water quality sensor.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, an ecological purifying tank facing water body deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal comprises a depression 1, a graded gravel packing layer 2, a deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer 3, a graded crushed stone packing layer 4 and a planting soil layer 6; gradation gravel packing layer 2, degree of depth nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer 3 and gradation rubble packing layer 4 set up side by side in proper order, gradation gravel packing layer 2 is located one side of water, still be equipped with one between gradation gravel packing layer 2 and the water and be used for carrying out the depression 1 of preliminary treatment to sewage. Water sequentially penetrates through a graded gravel packing layer 2, a deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer 3 and a graded broken stone packing layer 4 through a depression 1; the planting soil layer 6 horizontally covers the gravel packing layer, the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer 3 and the broken stone packing layer; the planting soil layer 6 is planted with the hygrophytes 7, and one end of the perforated drain pipe 5 is horizontally arranged on the gravel packing layer.
Specifically, the graded gravel packing layer 2 comprises gravel and fine sand which are graded and combined, the thickness of the graded gravel packing layer 2 in the horizontal direction is 40-100cm, and the height of the graded gravel packing layer in the vertical direction is 65-125 cm. The graded gravel packing layer 2 is sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction according to the following grades: the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 30-50mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 10-30mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 5-10mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 3-5mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 1-3mm is 5-10cm, and the thickness of the fine sand is 15-50 cm. The fine sand has a permselectivity of 5 × 10-7~5×10-4 m/s。
The thickness of the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer 3 in the horizontal direction is 40-100cm, and the height in the vertical direction is 65-125 cm. The filler of the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer comprises a siderite layer, a pyrite layer and a sulfur-siderite composite layer; the siderite layer is formed by grading silt, bentonite and siderite, and the average permeability coefficient after grading is 2 multiplied by 10-3~2×10-5m/s; the pyrite layer is formed by grading fine sand, bentonite and pyrite, and the average permeability coefficient after grading is 2 multiplied by 10-3~2×10-5m/s; the sulfur-siderite composite layer is formed by grading silt, bentonite and a sulfur-siderite composite, and the average permeability coefficient after grading is 2 multiplied by 10-3~2×10-5m/s; the volume ratio of the siderite layer, the pyrite layer and the sulfur-siderite composite layer is 1:0.5-5: 0.25-1.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the siderite layer, the pyrite layer and the sulfur-siderite composite layer is 1:1: 2.
Preferably, the particle size of the siderite, the pyrite and the sulfur-siderite compound is 1-40 mm, and further preferably, the particle size of the siderite, the pyrite and the sulfur-siderite compound is 1-10 mm.
The thickness of the graded broken stone packing layer 4 in the horizontal direction is 40-100cm, and the height of the graded broken stone packing layer in the vertical direction is 65-125 cm. The graded broken stone packing layer 4 is sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction: the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 30-50mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 10-30mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 5-10mm is 3-5cm, the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 3-5mm is 3-5cm, and the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 1-3mm is 4-10 cm.
The thickness of the planting soil layer 6 is 25-35 cm, and the hygrophyte 7 comprises at least one of cattail, pinwheel grass, canna, calamus flavus and iris citrifolia.
The ecological purification tank facing to the deep denitrification and dephosphorization of the water body also comprises a graded grit packing layer 2 for monitoring NO in the inlet water3 -、NO2 -TP, DO, ORP, pH and temperature, a first water quality sensing device 8 which is positioned in the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer 3 and is used for monitoring SO in water4 2-、S2-、NO3 -、NO2 -TP, DO, ORP, pH and temperature, a second water quality sensing device 9 positioned in the graded crushed stone packing layer 4 and used for monitoring SO in water4 2-、S2-、NO3 -、NO2 -The first water quality sensing device 8, the second water quality sensing device 9 and the third water quality sensing device 10 are respectively connected with the control module, and the control module calculates the generation amount of sulfate and sulfide, and the removal effect of nitrate, nitrite and total phosphorus in the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal layer according to the data of the water quality sensing devices; according to the removal efficiency of each pollutant obtained by data calculation, the feedback information prompts to clean or replace the filler in time, and according to whether each index data is abnormal or not, the filling is preliminarily judgedAnd (4) whether the material is blocked or not and feeding back information for prompting.
The following will specifically describe the present invention with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the ecological purification ditch for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of a water body is arranged at a river inlet of flowing water and comprises a depression 1, a graded gravel packing layer 2, a deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer 3, a graded broken stone packing layer 4, a perforated drain pipe 5, a planting soil layer 6 and a hygrophyte 7. The proportions, shapes, dimensions and quantities of the various parts are indicated only schematically.
Sewage flows into depression 1 before purifying the ditch earlier, and the sediment of stewing in depression 1 gets rid of large granule impurity such as suspended solid, simultaneously, sewage after the sediment slowly infiltrates gradation grit packing layer 2, and gradation grit packing layer 2 is formed by the grit gradation of different particle diameters, and pollutant concentration is higher in the sewage of this example, suitably increases the ratio of less particle diameter grit, on the one hand, fully filters sewage, and on the other hand slows down sewage velocity of flow, increase water conservancy dwell time. The graded gravel packing layer 2 is arranged in the horizontal direction: gravel (5 cm in thickness) with the particle size of 30-50mm, gravel (5 cm in thickness) with the particle size of 10-30mm, gravel (5 cm in thickness) with the particle size of 5-10mm, gravel (5 cm in thickness) with the particle size of 3-5mm, gravel (10 cm in thickness) with the particle size of 1-3mm and fine sand (60 cm in thickness). The sewage filtered by the graded gravel packing layer 2 flows into the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer 3, the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer 3 is composed of siderite, pyrite and a sulfur-siderite compound, and the pyrite and the siderite are used as electron acceptors to remove nitrogen under the action of denitrifying bacteria. After passing through the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer 3, sewage flows into the graded broken stone packing layer 4: crushed stone with the particle size of 30-50mm (the thickness is 5 cm), crushed stone with the particle size of 10-30mm (the thickness is 5 cm), crushed stone with the particle size of 5-10mm (the thickness is 5 cm), crushed stone with the particle size of 3-5mm (the thickness is 5 cm) and crushed stone with the particle size of 1-3mm (the thickness is 10 cm), sewage is basically purified when reaching the layer, some pollutants possibly existing are left, further purification and filtration are carried out, and the sewage after full purification enters a river area. In addition, when sewage passes through each layer of filter material, the sewage is subjected to wetland plantsAbsorption and adsorption of wetland plant root system. In this example NO3 -The removal rate of-N was 85.2% and the removal rate of TP was 72%.
Example 2
An ecological purification ditch for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of a water body is basically the same as the operation of example 1, except that in a graded gravel packing layer provided by the embodiment, the proportion of gravels with larger particle sizes is increased, the gravels with the particle sizes of 30-50mm (the thickness is 10 cm), the gravels with the particle sizes of 10-30mm (the thickness is 10 cm), the gravels with the particle sizes of 5-10mm (the thickness is 4 cm), the gravels with the particle sizes of 3-5mm (the thickness is 3 cm), the gravels with the particle sizes of 1-3mm (the thickness is 4 cm) and fine sand (the thickness is 40 cm). The particle size distribution of the graded gravel packing layer and the graded broken stone packing layer is reasonably changed according to the water quality condition, and the better treatment effect can be achieved. In this example, the removal rate of NO3- -N was 82.4%, and the removal rate of TP was 68.7%.
Examples 3 to 4
The ecological purification ditch for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the water body is basically the same as the operation of the embodiment 1, and is different in that the gravel packing layer and the gravel packing layer in the embodiment adopt a single particle size, wherein the particle size of the gravel packing layer is 5-10mm, the treated sewage in the embodiment 3 is common secondary effluent, and the treated sewage in the embodiment 4 is slightly polluted rainwater. NO in example 33 -The N removal rate is 75%, and the TP removal rate is 65%; NO in example 43 -The removal rate of-N was 71.5% and the removal rate of TP was 64.3%.
Comparative example 1
In the embodiment, a common vertical flow artificial wetland is adopted, and all layers of fillers are distributed according to the traditional vertical direction. Sewage flows through the depression before the wetland earlier, gets rid of partly large granule pollutant and suspended solid through prefiltering, flows through constructed wetland afterwards, and the wetland upper strata is packed for grading gravel packing layer: gravels with the particle size of 30-50mm (the thickness is 5 cm), gravels with the particle size of 10-30mm (the thickness is 5 cm), gravels with the particle size of 5-10mm (the thickness is 5 cm), gravels with the particle size of 3-5mm (the thickness is 5 cm), gravels with the particle size of 1-3mm (the thickness is 10 cm), fine sand (the thickness is 60 cm), sewage flows into the middle layer deep denitrification dephosphorization layer after being preliminarily filtered by the graded gravel packing layer, deep denitrification and dephosphorization are carried out under the action of the layer of packing, the lower layer flows into a lower layer substrate, the lower layer is a graded broken stone packing layer, broken stones with the particle size of 30-50mm (the thickness is 5 cm), broken stones with the particle size of 10-30mm (the thickness is 5 cm), broken stones with the particle size of 5-10mm (the thickness is 5 cm), broken stones with the particle size of 3-5mm (the thickness is 5 cm) and broken stones with the particle size of 1-3mm (the thickness is 10 cm), and partial pollutants possibly remained in the layer are further filtered. The filter material flows into a river after being treated by the wetland, experiments prove that the wetland can be blocked after running for a period of time, the effluent quality is obviously reduced if the wetland is not cleaned, and the cleaning difficulty of the filter material of the system is obviously greater than that of the filter material in the embodiment 1 because each layer of filler is filled along the upper structure and the lower structure.
As can be seen from the comparison between the examples and the comparative examples, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has better effect of deep denitrification and dephosphorization.
The ecological purifying tank for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the water body in the embodiment can be used for the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of non-point source pollution control, the ecological purification of the polluted water body and the water quality improvement and guarantee of rivers, lakes and reservoirs.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ecological purification groove towards water degree of depth nitrogen and phosphorus removal which characterized in that: the device comprises a graded gravel packing layer, a deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer, a graded broken stone packing layer, a planting soil layer and a drainage channel;
the graded gravel packing layer, the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer and the graded broken stone packing layer are sequentially arranged in parallel, the graded gravel packing layer is positioned on one side of a water body, and water sequentially penetrates the graded gravel packing layer, the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer and the graded broken stone packing layer; the planting soil layer covers the gravel packing layer, the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer and the broken stone packing layer; the planting soil layer is planted with hygrophytes, and one end of the drainage channel is arranged on the gravel packing layer;
the height of the graded gravel packing layer, the height of the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer and the height of the graded broken stone packing layer in the vertical direction are 65-125 cm.
2. The ecological purifying tank facing to deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of water body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the graded gravel packing layer comprises gravel, fine sand, silt and bentonite which are graded and combined, and the thickness of the graded gravel packing layer in the horizontal direction is 40-100 cm.
3. The ecological purifying tank facing to deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of water body as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the graded gravel packing layer is sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction according to the following grades: the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 30-50mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 10-30mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 5-10mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 3-5mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the gravel with the particle size of 1-3mm is 5-10cm, and the thickness of the fine sand is 15-50 cm.
4. The ecological purifying tank facing to deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of water body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal packing layer in the horizontal direction is 40-100 cm.
5. The ecological purifying tank facing to deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of water body as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the filler of the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal filler layer comprises a siderite layer, a pyrite layer and a sulfur-siderite composite layer;
the siderite layer is formed by grading silt, bentonite and siderite, and the average permeability coefficient after grading is 2 multiplied by 10-3~2×10-5 m/s ；
The pyrite layer is formed by grading fine sand, bentonite and pyrite, and the average permeability coefficient after grading is 2 multiplied by 10-3~2×10-5 m/s ；
The sulfur-siderite composite layer is formed by grading silt, bentonite and a sulfur-siderite composite, and the average permeability coefficient after grading is 2 multiplied by 10-3~2×10-5 m/s；
The grain diameter of the siderite, the pyrite and the sulfur-siderite compound is 1-40 mm.
6. The ecological purifying tank facing to the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the water body as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the volume ratio of the siderite layer, the pyrite layer and the sulfur-siderite composite layer is 1:0.5-5: 0.25-1.
7. The ecological purifying tank facing to deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of water body as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the thickness of the graded broken stone filler layer in the horizontal direction is 40-100 cm; the graded broken stone packing layer is sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction: the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 30-50mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 10-30mm is 5-10cm, the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 5-10mm is 3-5cm, the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 3-5mm is 3-5cm, and the thickness of the crushed stone with the particle size of 1-3mm is 4-10 cm.
8. The ecological purifying tank facing deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of water body as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the thickness of the planting soil layer is 25-35 cm, and the hygrophyte comprises at least one of cattail, pinwheel grass, canna, yellow flag and yellow iris;
still be equipped with one between gradation gravel packing layer and the water and be used for carrying out the depression of preliminary treatment to sewage.
9. The ecological purifying tank facing to the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the water body as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: it includes a graded gravel packing layer for monitoring NO in the feed water3 -、NO2 -TP, DO, ORP, pH and temperature, a first water quality sensing device which is positioned in the deep denitrification and dephosphorization packing layer and used for monitoring SO in water4 2-、S2-、NO3 -、NO2 -TP, DO, ORP, pH and temperature, and a second water quality sensing device which is positioned on the graded broken stone packing layer and is used for monitoring SO in water4 2-、S2-、NO3 -、NO2 -The first water quality sensing device, the second water quality sensing device and the third water quality sensing device are respectively connected with the control module, and the control module calculates the generation amount of sulfate and sulfide in the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal layer, and the removal effect of nitrate, nitrite and total phosphorus according to the data of the water quality sensing devices; and feeding back information to prompt that the filler is cleaned or replaced in time according to the removal efficiency of each pollutant obtained by data calculation, and preliminarily judging whether the filler is blocked or not according to whether each index data is abnormal or not and feeding back information to prompt.
10. The application of the ecological purifying tank facing to the deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal of the water body as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method is used for the advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal for non-point source pollution control, ecological purification of polluted water bodies, and water quality improvement and guarantee of rivers, lakes and reservoirs.
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