CN113524741A - Vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet high-molecular composite material heat-conducting sheet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet high-molecular composite material heat-conducting sheet and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113524741A
CN113524741A CN202110864256.7A CN202110864256A CN113524741A CN 113524741 A CN113524741 A CN 113524741A CN 202110864256 A CN202110864256 A CN 202110864256A CN 113524741 A CN113524741 A CN 113524741A
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boron nitride
nitride nanosheet
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王华涛
吴绪磊
高峰
钟博
王春雨
张涛
周薇薇
姚旺
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Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai
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Abstract

The invention provides a vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet and a preparation method thereof. Because the boron nitride nanosheets are vertically arranged in the polymer matrix, the interface thermal resistance is reduced, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the material is improved, the composite material heat-conducting sheet with the thickness of 0.05-0.40 mm can be obtained through a yarn cutting process, the thermal resistance is smaller, and the heat transfer is facilitated. The method is simple, reliable and strong in operability, and can be applied to preparation of boron nitride nanosheets and numerous systems of polymer composite materials. The boron nitride nanosheet composite material heat-conducting sheet prepared by the method provided by the invention can be widely applied to the heat management of electronic products.

Description

Vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet high-molecular composite material heat-conducting sheet and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of integration and miniaturization of electronic devices, excessive heat generated during high-efficiency operation of the electronic devices seriously affects the performance and the service life of the electronic devices, which becomes a great challenge in the microelectronic industry. Therefore, a high thermal conductive material is needed to solve the heat conduction problem. The heat conducting material consisting of the high polymer and the heat conducting filler has the advantages of easy processing and forming, high product design freedom, low cost and the like, and has wide application prospect.
Common heat-conducting fillers include metal particles, carbon nanotubes, boron nitride nanosheets, aluminum nitride particles and the like. Wherein, the heat conductivity of the boron nitride nanosheet in the plane direction is more than 300W/(m.K), and the boron nitride nanosheet is excellent in insulating property and wide in application prospect.
However, to obtain a heat conductive material with higher thermal conductivity, a large amount of heat conductive filler is usually needed to establish a heat conductive filler network throughout the entire sample, but this would result in higher material cost and poorer mechanical properties, and therefore, it becomes a research hotspot to prepare a composite heat conductive material in which the heat conductive filler is vertically arranged in a polymer matrix. For example, in 2018, Xiiaofeng Li et al prepared a mixed foam with high density and graphene oriented in the vertical direction by a method of reducing graphene oxide by a hydrothermal method, and compounded with epoxy resin, wherein the maximum thermal conductivity in the vertical direction is 35.5W/(m.K) (ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2018, 10: 17383-.
On the other hand, from the fourier steady state heat transfer, it is known that the smaller the thickness of the material in the heat transfer direction, the smaller the thermal resistance formed. Therefore, it is a difficult point in the field of thermal management to prepare a composite material with a small thickness and a vertically arranged heat conductive filler.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet so as to achieve better heat-conducting property.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
s01, preparing boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry: adding boron nitride nanosheets into a polymer matrix, adding a solvent and a surfactant, and uniformly stirring to obtain boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry;
s02, preparing the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film: and (3) forming the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry into a film by a tape casting process and drying to obtain the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film.
S03, stacking: and (3) orderly stacking a plurality of boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite membranes prepared by the method layer by layer.
S04, hot-press fusion: and putting the stacked body into a hot press, and heating and hot-pressing to form the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite.
S05, cutting: and cutting the hot-pressed boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite from top to bottom along the film stacking direction, and laying the cut sheet horizontally to obtain the vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet.
Further, in the preparation method of the vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet, the solvent used in the step S01 is at least one of water, xylene, triethyl phosphate, trichloroethane, ethanol, ethyl vinyl ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, phenol, and dimethylformamide, and the solvent accounts for 10-80% by mass of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry.
Further, in the preparation method of the vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat conducting sheet, the polymer substrate used in the step S01 is selected from one or more of polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymaleic anhydride, polyurethane, aqueous epoxy ethylene, aqueous phenolic resin, aqueous melamine formaldehyde resin, aqueous urea-formaldehyde resin, aqueous alkyd resin, aqueous polyurethane and silica gel.
Further, in the preparation method of the vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat conducting sheet, the surfactant used in the step S01 is one or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and the surfactant accounts for 0.01-0.05% by mass of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry.
Further, in the preparation method of the vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet, the boron nitride nanosheet used in the step of S01 is in a hexagonal system, the thickness is 20-2000 nm, and the sheet diameter is 0.5-50 microns.
Further, in the preparation method of the vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat conducting sheet, in the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry obtained in the step S01, the mass percent of the polymer matrix is 1-30%, the mass percent of the boron nitride nanosheet is 1-30%, and the viscosity of the composite slurry is 100-30000 centipoises.
Further, in the preparation method of the vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat conducting sheet, the drying temperature of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film in the step of S02 is 25-200190 ℃, the thickness of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film is 1-1000 μm, and the drying time is 5-1000 minutes. The thickness of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film is 1-1000 mu m, and the drying time is 5-1000 minutes.
Further, in the preparation method of the vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat conducting sheet, the hot-pressing fusion temperature in the step S04 is 22060-300 ℃, the hot-pressing pressure is 0.2-30 MPa, and the hot-pressing time is 0.1-10 hours.
Further, in the preparation method of the vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet, the yarn cutting direction in the step S05 is cutting from top to bottom along the film stacking direction, and the cutting tool is cutting by using a yarn machine with a wire diameter of 0.05-0.4 mm.
The heat-conducting sheet is prepared by the method, the thickness of the heat-conducting sheet is 0.05-0.4mm, the heat conductivity of the heat-conducting sheet is 1-20W/(m.K) in the longitudinal direction, and the heat conductivity of the heat-conducting sheet is 0.05-0.4 mm.
The invention adopts the processes of casting, stacking, hot-press fusion, yarn cutting and the like to prepare the vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet, overcomes the problem of traditional boron nitride polymer compounding, and has the main advantages that:
1) the preparation method is simple, reliable and strong in operability, and can be applied to the composite preparation of boron nitride nanosheets and polymer materials of various systems.
2) The prepared boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet is prepared by firstly forming a boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film through a tape casting process, wherein the boron nitride nanosheets are horizontally oriented in the composite film through the tape casting process, and the plane thermal conductivity is high; the horizontal orientation of the boron nitride nanosheets in the matrix is further increased by a hot-pressing fusion method; finally, the sample is cut and laid flat through yarns to form the vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet high-polymer composite heat-conducting sheet which has excellent heat-conducting property.
The boron nitride nanosheet adopted by the invention is used as the heat-conducting filler, and due to the difference of chemical bonds (B-N bond and C = C bond), compared with the graphite nanosheet, the boron nitride nanosheet has stronger oxidation resistance and chemical inertia, and is not easy to chemically react with strong acid, strong alkali and molten metal. The composite material further has the insulation characteristic which the graphite nanosheets do not have, and has very obvious advantages when the composite material is prepared.
Compared with a graphite nanosheet polymer composite material, when the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite material is prepared, the boron nitride nanosheets are not easy to uniformly disperse in a polymer matrix, the stirring time is longer than that of the graphite nanosheets, the graphite nanosheet polymer composite slurry can be uniformly stirred within 10 hours, and the boron nitride nanosheet composite slurry needs more than 24 hours. In addition, in the stirring speed, the stirring speed of 300 rpm is adopted when the graphite nanosheet polymer composite is prepared, while the stirring speed of 800 rpm is adopted for the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite prepared in the patent. The process parameters of the two are different. In the subsequent drying and hot pressing processes of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film, the excellent thermal stability of boron nitride leads the drying temperature of the film to be increased to 200 ℃, and a high drying temperature is very necessary, so that a higher drying speed can be brought, and the productivity can be greatly increased in the field of industrial production. The difference is that the drying temperature range of the graphite nano-sheet polymer composite material is 25-80 ℃, and the drying temperature range of the graphite nano-sheet polymer composite material is narrower. The productivity is low.
Compared with a graphite nanosheet polymer composite material, when the vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite material heat-conducting sheet is prepared, the boron nitride nanosheet is adopted as the heat-conducting filler, so that the excellent thermal stability of the boron nitride leads the temperature range of the hot pressing process to be 220-300 ℃. High hot pressing temperature can improve hot pressing efficiency and productivity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a vertically oriented boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and it should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that these specific details need not be employed to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples.
Example 1
1. S01, preparing boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry: weighing the aqueous polyurethane emulsion with the solid content of 35%, and adding a hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet, wherein the thickness of the boron nitride nanosheet is 50 nanometers, and the diameter of the boron nitride nanosheet is 10 micrometers. Deionized water (solvent) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (surfactant) were added and stirred for 24 hours. In the obtained mixed slurry, the mass ratio of the deionized water is 69.95%, the mass ratio of the surfactant is 0.05%, the mass ratio of the polyurethane matrix is 15%, the mass ratio of the boron nitride nanosheet is 15%, and the viscosity of the composite slurry is 1000 centipoises.
2. S02, preparing the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film: and pouring the boron nitride nanosheet polyurethane composite slurry into a casting machine for film coating, and drying at 180 ℃ for 100 minutes to prepare the boron nitride nanosheet polyurethane composite film with the thickness of about 80 mu m.
3. S03, stacking: 500 pieces of boron nitride nanosheet polyurethane composite membrane prepared by the method with the size of 10cm multiplied by 10cm are superposed together layer by layer.
4. S04, hot-press fusion: and (3) carrying out hot pressing on the multilayer boron nitride nanosheet polyurethane composite film, wherein the heat preservation temperature is 220 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10.5 hours, and the pressure is 2 MPa, and cooling and forming are carried out to obtain the boron nitride nanosheet polyurethane composite.
5. S05, cutting: and cutting the boron nitride nanosheet polyurethane composite from top to bottom along the stacking direction of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film by adopting a 0.1 mm yarn cutting machine, and laying the cut sheets horizontally to obtain the vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polyurethane composite heat-conducting sheets with the thickness of 0.25 mm.
The vertically arranged boron nitride nanosheet polyurethane composite heat-conducting sheet obtained through the steps S01-S05 has the longitudinal heat conductivity of 7.8W/(m.K) and the thickness of 0.25 mm. The heat dissipation contrast experiment shows that: at a chip power of 10W, compared with a commercial thermal pad of 3W/(m.K), the temperature of the chip is reduced by 5 ℃, and the heat dissipation effect is remarkable.
Example 2
1. S01, preparing boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry: polyacrylic acid with solid content of 40% is weighed, and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets are added, wherein the thickness of the boron nitride nanosheets is 100 nanometers, and the diameter of the boron nitride nanosheets is 5 micrometers. Then, ethanol (solvent) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (surfactant) were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 24 hours. In the obtained composite slurry, the mass ratio of ethanol is 59.97%. The mass percentage of the surfactant is 0.03%, the mass percentage of the polyacrylic acid is 19%, and the mass percentage of the boron nitride nanosheet is 21%. The viscosity of the composite slurry was 1700 cps.
2. S02, preparing the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film: and pouring the boron nitride nanosheet polyacrylic acid composite slurry into a casting machine for film coating, and drying at 200 ℃ for 8 minutes to prepare the boron nitride nanosheet polyacrylic acid composite film with the thickness of about 60 mu m.
3. S03, stacking: and superposing 600 pieces of the boron nitride nanosheet polyacrylic acid composite film prepared by the method together layer by layer, wherein the size of the composite film is 20cm multiplied by 20 cm.
4. S04, hot-press fusion: and (3) carrying out hot pressing on the multilayer boron nitride polyacrylic acid polymer composite film, wherein the heat preservation temperature is 240 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.2 hour, and the pressure is 3 MPa, and cooling and forming to obtain the boron nitride nanosheet polyacrylic acid composite.
5. S05, cutting: cutting the boron nitride nanosheet polyacrylic acid composite from top to bottom along the stacking direction of the boron nitride nanosheet polyacrylic acid composite film by adopting a 0.3mm yarn machine, and laying the cut sheets horizontally to obtain the vertically-arranged heat-conducting sheet of the boron nitride nanosheet polyacrylic acid composite material, wherein the thickness of the sheet is 0.3mm
The vertical-arrangement boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet obtained through the steps S101-S105 has the longitudinal heat conductivity of 9.8W/(m.K) and the thickness of 0.3 mm. The heat dissipation contrast experiment shows that: at a chip power of 10W, compared with a commercial thermal pad of 3W/(m.K), the temperature of the chip is reduced by 7.5 ℃, and the heat dissipation effect is remarkable.
Example 3
1. S01, preparing boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry: weighing a certain amount of silica gel, and adding a hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet, wherein the thickness of the boron nitride nanosheet is 100 nanometers, and the diameter of the boron nitride nanosheet is 5 micrometers. Then xylene (solvent) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (surfactant) are added and stirred for 24 hours. In the obtained composite slurry, the mass ratio of xylene was 63.45%. The mass percentage of the surfactant is 0.05%, the mass percentage of the silica gel is 20%, and the mass percentage of the boron nitride nanosheet is 16.5%. The viscosity of the composite slurry was 3000 cps.
2. S02, preparing the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film: and pouring the boron nitride nanosheet silica gel composite slurry into a casting machine for film coating, and drying at 200 ℃ for 8 minutes to prepare the boron nitride nanosheet silica gel composite film with the thickness of about 50 microns.
3. S03, stacking: and superposing 600 pieces of the boron nitride nanosheet silica gel composite membrane prepared by the method together layer by layer, wherein the size of the composite membrane is 20cm multiplied by 20 cm.
4. S04, hot-press fusion: and (3) carrying out hot pressing on the multilayer boron nitride silicon glue high polymer composite film, wherein the heat preservation temperature is 300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.1 hour, and the pressure is 4 MPa, and obtaining the boron nitride nanosheet silica gel composite after cooling and forming.
5. S05, cutting: and cutting the boron nitride nanosheet silica gel composite from top to bottom along the stacking direction of the boron nitride nanosheet silica gel composite film by using a 0.3mm yarn machine, and flatly laying the cut slices to obtain the vertically arranged heat-conducting slice of the boron nitride nanosheet silica gel composite material, wherein the thickness of the slice is 0.3 mm.
The vertical-arrangement boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet obtained through the steps S101-S105 has the longitudinal heat conductivity of 8.4W/(m.K) and the thickness of 0.3 mm. The heat dissipation contrast experiment shows that: when the power of the chip is 10W, the temperature of the chip is reduced by 6.5 ℃ compared with the commercial thermal pad of 3W/(m.K), and the heat dissipation effect is remarkable.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet comprises the following steps:
s01, preparing boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry: adding boron nitride nanosheets into a polymer matrix, adding a solvent and a surfactant, and stirring and dispersing to form boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry;
s02, preparing the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film: forming a film from the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry through a casting process and drying to obtain a boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film;
s03, stacking: a plurality of boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite films are stacked layer by layer and are orderly;
s04, hot-press fusion: putting the stacked body into a hot press, heating and pressurizing to form a boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite;
s05, cutting: and cutting the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite from top to bottom along the stacking direction by a yarn cutting process, and laying the cut sheet horizontally to obtain the vertically-arranged boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet.
2. The method of claim 1,
the polymer matrix used in the step S01 is one or more selected from polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymaleic anhydride, polyurethane, aqueous epoxy ethylene, aqueous phenol-formaldehyde resin, aqueous melamine-formaldehyde resin, aqueous urea-formaldehyde resin, aqueous alkyd resin, aqueous polyurethane, and silica gel.
3. The method of claim 1,
the surfactant used in the step S01 is at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and accounts for 0.01-0.05% of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry by mass.
4. The method of claim 1,
the boron nitride nanosheet used in the step S01 is of a hexagonal system, the thickness of the boron nitride nanosheet is 20-2000 nanometers, and the diameter of the boron nitride nanosheet is 0.5-50 micrometers.
5. The method of claim 1,
in the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry obtained in the step S01, the mass percent of the polymer matrix is 1-30%, the mass percent of the boron nitride nanosheet is 1-30%, and the viscosity of the composite slurry is 100-30000 centipoises.
6. The method of claim 1,
the drying temperature of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film in the step S02 is 25-200 ℃, the thickness of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite film is 1-1000 mu m, and the drying time is 5-1000 minutes.
7. The method of claim 1,
the hot-pressing fusion temperature in the step S04 is 220-300 ℃, the hot-pressing pressure is 0.2-30 MPa, and the hot-pressing time is 0.1-10 hours.
8. The method of claim 1,
the yarn cutting process in the step S05 is to cut the yarn with the diameter of 0.05-0.4mm by a yarn cutting machine; the cutting direction is cutting from top to bottom along the film stacking direction.
9. A boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet is characterized in that,
the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, the thickness of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite heat-conducting sheet is 0.05-0.4mm, the boron nitride nanosheets are vertically arranged, and the longitudinal heat conductivity of the boron nitride nanosheets is 1-20W/(m-K).
10. The method of claim 1,
the solvent used in the step S01 is at least one of water, xylene, triethyl phosphate, trichloroethane, ethanol, ethyl vinyl ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, phenol and dimethylformamide, and accounts for 10-80% of the boron nitride nanosheet polymer composite slurry by mass.
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Cited By (5)

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CN114591526A (en) * 2022-01-12 2022-06-07 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Graphite nanosheet-based composite membrane driver, preparation method and application thereof
CN114773859A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-22 深圳市汉华热管理科技有限公司 Heat-conducting silica gel composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114989608A (en) * 2022-07-01 2022-09-02 宁夏清研高分子新材料有限公司 Heat-conducting polysulfone composite material and preparation method thereof
CN115678253A (en) * 2022-11-16 2023-02-03 黄河科技学院 Polyurethane composite material and preparation method thereof
CN116651720A (en) * 2023-05-25 2023-08-29 佛山(华南)新材料研究院 Preparation method of high-orientation horizontally-arranged boron nitride film

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