CN113523536B - Welding process of L-shaped large-section cavity profile - Google Patents

Welding process of L-shaped large-section cavity profile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113523536B
CN113523536B CN202110890907.XA CN202110890907A CN113523536B CN 113523536 B CN113523536 B CN 113523536B CN 202110890907 A CN202110890907 A CN 202110890907A CN 113523536 B CN113523536 B CN 113523536B
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welding
section
small
pressing
welded
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CN113523536A (en
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何峰
陈世远
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Chongqing New Aluminum Times Technology Co ltd
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Chongqing New Aluminum Times Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding process of an L-shaped large-section pore cavity sectional material, which comprises the following steps of: cleaning the surface of the small-section profile to be welded to ensure that the welding part has no foreign matters; fixing two small-section sectional materials to be welded in a first welding tool, so that the two small-section sectional materials to be welded are in butt joint to form an L-shaped structure; performing friction stir welding on the inner side surface of the butt joint of the two small-section profiles to be welded by using a stirring welding machine; taking down the two small-section sectional materials subjected to friction stir welding, and fixing the two small-section sectional materials on a second welding tool; and (3) performing friction stir welding on the outer side surface of the butt joint of the two small-section profiles by using a stirring welding machine to obtain the L-shaped large-section profile. The remarkable effects are as follows: the problem of among the prior art both sides edge of cross-section bar interfere with friction welding machine's welding actuating mechanism and lead to can not splicing is solved, welding efficiency is high, the expense is low, required welding frock is few, the welding seam that forms after the welding is few.

Description

Welding process of L-shaped large-section pore cavity profile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of profile welding, in particular to a welding process of an L-shaped large-section pore cavity profile.
Background
At present, the cross section circumcircle of a section extruded by a 5000-ton extruder is about 400mm, if the cross section circumcircle of the section exceeds 400mm, a large-tonnage extruder needs to be adopted, domestic extruder resources exceeding 5000-ton are few, and the larger the tonnage of the extruder is, the thinner the wall thickness of the section is, and the requirement of light weight cannot be met. The large-section thin-wall section is generally divided into a plurality of parts by adopting a method, the parts are respectively extruded by using a small-specification extruder, and then the parts are spliced to form the large-section.
The small-section sectional materials are spliced to form the large-section sectional materials, except for the design of a splicing structure, a welding process is usually used at the splicing position of the sectional materials, and the welding mode comprises argon arc welding and friction stir welding, wherein the argon arc welding generates large heat, the thin-wall sectional materials can generate severe thermal deformation after being welded, the strength of a heat affected zone of the argon arc welding is only about 60 percent of that of a base material, and the argon arc welding has natural welding defects, so the sectional materials are generally welded by the friction stir welding. The friction stir welding has the advantages of small heat productivity, small thermal deformation of the welded section, weld strength of more than 70% of that of the parent metal, and obvious advantages compared with argon arc welding.
However, friction stir welding is only suitable for welding small-section profiles into plane-type or large-section profiles with small side height due to the height limitation of the products which can be processed by the stirring head, when the large-section profiles with L-shaped or U-shaped profiles need to be spliced, the feasibility of friction welding is affected by the height of the side edge of the spliced small-section profile, and the side edge interferes with a welding executing mechanism of a friction welding machine during splicing, so that splicing cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a welding process of an L-shaped large-section pore cavity sectional material, which not only can solve the problems in the background art, but also has the advantages of few welding seams, high welding efficiency, low cost, small heat affected zone after welding and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the welding process of the L-shaped large-section pore cavity profile is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, cleaning the surface of a small-section profile to be welded to ensure that no foreign matter exists at the welding position;
step 2, fixing two small-section sectional materials to be welded in a first welding tool, and enabling the two small-section sectional materials to be welded to be in butt joint to form an L-shaped structure;
step 3, performing friction stir welding on the inner side surface of the butt joint of the two small-section profiles to be welded by using a stirring welding machine;
step 4, taking down the two small-section sectional materials subjected to friction stir welding, and fixing the two small-section sectional materials on a second welding tool;
and 5, performing friction stir welding on the outer side surface of the joint of the two small-section profiles by using a stirring welding machine to obtain the L-shaped large-section profile.
Furthermore, first welding frock includes first bottom plate, and both ends set firmly respectively about this first bottom plate and compress tightly the subassembly, and this first subassembly that compresses tightly is used for compressing tightly fixedly two both ends of treating welding small cross section bar handing-over department be provided with a plurality of support columns on the first bottom plate respectively both sides around the first subassembly compress tightly and all be provided with the installation inclined plane on the support column, and the installation inclined plane of front and back both sides sets up relatively be fixed with the second on the installation inclined plane and compress tightly the subassembly, and the second of the left and right sides compresses tightly the subassembly and sets up relatively, the second compresses tightly the subassembly and is used for compressing tightly fixedly two left and right sides of treating welding small cross section bar the top of support column is provided with spacing subassembly, and this spacing subassembly is used for treating the front and back both sides of welding small cross section bar to two and carry on spacingly.
Furthermore, the first pressing assembly comprises a first pressing block and a first pressing bolt, the middle of the first pressing block is connected with the first bottom plate through the first pressing bolt, one end of the first pressing block bends downwards to form a first supporting portion, and the other end of the first pressing block is provided with a pressing head used for being in contact with the small-section profile.
Furthermore, the second pressing component comprises a second pressing block and a second pressing bolt, the middle of the second pressing block is connected with the supporting column through the second pressing bolt, one end of the second pressing block bends downwards to extend to form a second supporting portion, and the other end of the second pressing block is used for being in contact with the small-section profile.
Furthermore, the inclination angle of the installation inclined plane is 45 degrees, and the included angle between the front side installation inclined plane and the rear side installation inclined plane is 90 degrees.
Furthermore, the limiting assembly comprises a limiting block, the limiting block is fixed to the top of the supporting column through a screw, and the small-section profile is limited between the lower surface of the limiting block and the installation inclined plane.
Furthermore, the second welding tool comprises a second bottom plate, and a support body which is matched with the inner surface of the L-shaped large-section profile is fixed on the second bottom plate.
Furthermore, the supporting body is L-shaped, the edges of the front side and the rear side of the supporting body are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the second bottom plate, and a supporting plane is formed on the outer surface of the top corner of the supporting body.
Furthermore, the feeding speed of the stirring head of the stirring welding machine is 800-1200 mm/min, and the rotating speed is 1300-1600 r/min.
The invention has the following remarkable effects:
1. the process can splice and weld the L-shaped large-section sectional material through two small-section sectional materials, and then can splice the L-shaped large-section sectional material into the U-shaped large-section sectional material, so that the problem that the two side edges of the sectional material interfere with a welding executing mechanism of a friction welding machine in the prior art to cause the splicing failure is solved, meanwhile, the welding procedure is simple and easy to implement, the welding efficiency is high, the cost is low, the required welding tools are few, the number of welding seams formed after welding is small, and the thermal influence area after welding is small;
2. the first welding tool is compact in structural design, can quickly finish the fixing and clamping work on two small-section profiles in the welding process of the small-section profiles, can improve the welding efficiency, can also ensure the stability in the welding process and improve the quality of a welded product, and is small in size and convenient to fix and use;
3. the first welding tool is manually driven to clamp the section, so that the requirement on the use environment is low, and the first welding tool is matched with the advantage of small size, and is convenient to carry and move in a processing workshop;
4. the second welding tool is compact in structural design, and can provide a good supporting effect when two small-section profiles welded on the inner side surfaces are welded, so that the stability in the welding process is ensured;
5. through the V-shaped first welding tool and the inverted V-shaped second welding tool, the defects that the gap of the welding position of the section is smaller than 0.5mm, the height difference is smaller than 0.5mm, the surface of a welded seam is uniform after welding, no hole exists, the welding seam is not fused, a groove is formed and the like are guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first welding tool;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a first welding fixture;
FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a first welding tooling;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a top view of a first welding fixture;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second welding tool;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a second welding fixture;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 8;
fig. 11 is a side view of a second welding tooling.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the embodiments and the operation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a welding process of an L-shaped large-section cavity profile comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, cleaning the surface of a small-section profile s to be welded to ensure that no foreign matter exists at the welding position;
the surface cleaning treatment can be carried out by adopting a cleaning mode such as an ultrasonic cleaning method, a laser removal method and the like besides a traditional acid cleaning method and an alkali cleaning method. The cleaning time and temperature are adaptively selected depending on the specific production environment.
Step 2, fixing two small-section sectional materials s to be welded in a first welding tool 10, and enabling the two small-section sectional materials s to be welded to be in butt joint to form an L-shaped structure;
in this example, the structure of the first welding tool 10 is shown in fig. 2 to 7, the first welding tool 10 includes a first bottom plate 11, first pressing components 12 are respectively and fixedly disposed at left and right ends of the first bottom plate 11, the first pressing components 12 are used for pressing and fixing two ends of a joint of two small cross-section profiles s to be welded, a plurality of supporting columns 13 are respectively disposed on the first bottom plate 11 at front and rear sides of the first pressing components 12, mounting inclined planes 14 are disposed on the supporting columns 13, the mounting inclined planes 14 at front and rear sides are disposed oppositely, second pressing components 15 are fixed on the mounting inclined planes 14, the second pressing components 15 at left and right sides are disposed oppositely, the second pressing components 15 are used for pressing and fixing left and right ends of the two small cross-section profiles s to be welded, a limiting component 16 is disposed at a top of the supporting columns 13, and the limiting component 16 is used for limiting front and rear sides of the two small cross-section profiles s to be welded.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the first pressing assembly 12 includes a first pressing block 121 and a first pressing bolt 122, the middle portion of the first pressing block 121 is connected to the first bottom plate 11 through the first pressing bolt 122, one end of the first pressing block 121 is bent downward to form a first supporting portion 123, and the other end of the first pressing block 121 is formed with a pressing head 124 for contacting the small-section profile s.
The first pressing assembly 12 can quickly complete the fixing and clamping operation of the joint of the two small-section profiles s by the pressing head 124 by screwing the first pressing bolt 122 in the welding process of the small-section profiles s, so that the welding efficiency is improved, the stability in the welding process can be ensured, and the quality of products after welding is improved.
Because the width of the joint of the two small-section profiles s is limited, the width of the pressure head 124 is smaller than that of the first pressing block 121, so that the phenomenon that the two profiles at the joint cannot be well pressed due to interference between the pressure head 124 and the small-section profiles s on the two sides is avoided.
Referring to fig. 6, the second pressing assembly 15 includes a second pressing block 151 and a second pressing bolt 152, the middle portion of the second pressing block 151 is connected to the supporting column 13 through the second pressing bolt 152, one end of the second pressing block 151 is bent downward to form a second supporting portion 153, and the other end of the second pressing block 151 is used for contacting the small-section profile s.
Through foretell second hold-down bolt 152, move the second hold-down bolt 152 through twisting when the welding, can accomplish the clamping work fast to two small cross section bars s about both ends to help improving welding efficiency, can guarantee the stability among the welding process simultaneously, improve the quality of welding back product, and this frock small in size, convenient fixed use.
In this example, the inclination angle of the installation inclined plane 14 is 45 °, and the included angle between the front installation inclined plane 14 and the rear installation inclined plane 14 is 90 °, so as to be attached to the outer side surface of the L-shaped large-section profile S, thereby ensuring that the L-shape generated by welding meets the process requirements. Of course, when producing the L-shaped large-section profile S with other angles, the inclination angle of the installation inclined plane 14 can be arbitrarily set between 0 to 90 degrees according to the process requirements, and the included angle between the corresponding front side installation inclined plane 14 and the rear side installation inclined plane 14 can be arbitrarily set between 0 to 180 degrees according to the process requirements.
Referring to fig. 7, the limiting component 16 includes a limiting block 161, the limiting block 161 is fixed on the top of the supporting column 13 by a screw 162, and the small-section profile s is limited between the lower surface of the limiting block 161 and the installation inclined surface 14.
During welding, the lower surface of the limiting block 161 and the installation inclined surface 14 can be used for well limiting the edges of the front side and the rear side of the small-section bar s, and the two small-section bars s can be kept in good welding stability under the condition that the joint of the two small-section bars is pressed and fixed.
Step 3, performing friction stir welding on the inner side surface of the butt joint of the two small-section profiles to be welded by using a stirring welding machine;
step 4, taking down the two small-section sectional materials s subjected to friction stir welding, and fixing the two small-section sectional materials s on a second welding tool 20;
in this example, the second welding jig 20 includes a second base plate 21, and a support 13 adapted to the inner surface of the L-shaped large-section profile S is fixed to the second base plate 21, as shown in fig. 8 to 11.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the supporting body 13 is L-shaped, two ends of the supporting body 13 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second bottom plate 21, and a supporting plane is formed on the outer surface of the top corner of the supporting body 13.
And 5, performing friction stir welding on the outer side surface of the joint of the two small-section profiles by using a stirring welding machine to obtain the L-shaped large-section profile S.
Preferably, the feeding speed of the stirring head of the stirring welding machine is 800-1200 mm/min, and the rotating speed is 1300-1600 r/min.
It should be noted that, since the temperature of the profile is high after the friction stir welding, in order to avoid deformation during the moving process, appropriate aging treatment is required after the two welding processes.
According to the process, two small-section sectional materials S can be spliced into an L-shaped large-section sectional material S by the V-shaped first welding tool 10 and the inverted-V-shaped second welding tool 20 through friction stir welding, and the L-shaped large-section sectional material S can be spliced into a U-shaped large-section sectional material S when needed, so that the problem that in the prior art, the two side edges of the section sectional material interfere with a welding executing mechanism of a friction welding machine to cause splicing failure is solved, meanwhile, the welding process is simple and feasible, the welding efficiency is high, the cost is low, the number of required welding tools is small, the number of welding seams formed after welding is small, and the heat influence area after welding is small.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A welding process of an L-shaped large-section pore cavity profile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, cleaning the surface of a small-section profile to be welded to ensure that no foreign matter exists at the welding position;
step 2, fixing two small-section sectional materials to be welded in a first welding tool, and enabling the two small-section sectional materials to be welded to be in butt joint to form an L-shaped structure;
step 3, performing friction stir welding on the inner side surface of the butt joint of the two small-section profiles to be welded by using a stirring welding machine;
step 4, taking down the two small-section sectional materials subjected to friction stir welding, and fixing the two small-section sectional materials on a second welding tool;
step 5, performing friction stir welding on the outer side surface of the joint of the two small-section profiles by using a stirring welding machine to obtain an L-shaped large-section profile;
the first welding tool comprises a first base plate, wherein first pressing assemblies are fixedly arranged at the left end and the right end of the first base plate respectively, the first pressing assemblies are used for pressing and fixing two ends of the joint of two small-section profiles to be welded, a plurality of supporting columns are arranged on the first base plate at the front side and the rear side of the first pressing assemblies respectively, mounting inclined planes are arranged on the supporting columns respectively, the mounting inclined planes at the front side and the rear side are oppositely arranged, second pressing assemblies are fixed on the mounting inclined planes and oppositely arranged at the left side and the right side of the first pressing assemblies, the second pressing assemblies are used for pressing and fixing the left end and the right end of the two small-section profiles to be welded, and limiting assemblies are arranged at the tops of the supporting columns and used for limiting the front side and the rear side of the two small-section profiles to be welded;
the second welding tool comprises a second bottom plate, and a support body which is matched with the inner surface of the L-shaped large-section profile is fixed on the second bottom plate;
the first pressing assembly comprises a first pressing block and a first pressing bolt, the middle part of the first pressing block is connected with the first bottom plate through the first pressing bolt, one end of the first pressing block bends downwards and extends to form a first supporting part, and a pressing head used for being in contact with the small-section profile is formed at the other end of the first pressing block;
the second pressing assembly comprises a second pressing block and a second pressing bolt, the middle part of the second pressing block is connected with the supporting column through the second pressing bolt, one end of the second pressing block bends downwards and extends to form a second supporting part, and the other end of the second pressing block is used for being in contact with the small-section profile;
the limiting assembly comprises a limiting block, the limiting block is fixed to the top of the supporting column through a screw, and the small-section profile is limited between the lower surface of the limiting block and the installation inclined plane.
2. The welding process of an L-shaped large-section bore profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inclination angle of the installation inclined plane is 45 degrees, and the included angle between the front side installation inclined plane and the rear side installation inclined plane is 90 degrees.
3. The welding process of an L-shaped large-section bore profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting body is L-shaped, the edges of the front side and the rear side of the supporting body are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the second bottom plate, and a supporting plane is formed on the outer surface of the top angle of the supporting body.
4. The welding process of an L-shaped large-section bore profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding speed of a stirring head of the stirring welder is 800 to 1200mm/min, and the rotating speed is 1300 to 1600r/min.
CN202110890907.XA 2021-08-04 2021-08-04 Welding process of L-shaped large-section cavity profile Active CN113523536B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5987398B2 (en) * 2012-03-27 2016-09-07 株式会社Ihi Friction stir welding equipment
JP5987397B2 (en) * 2012-03-27 2016-09-07 株式会社Ihi Friction stir welding equipment
CN102922125B (en) * 2012-10-26 2015-08-19 江苏科技大学 The method of filled type friction stir welding welding T connector medial angle weld seam and device
JP6516605B2 (en) * 2015-07-16 2019-05-22 株式会社Uacj Fixed shoulder type friction stir welding tool and fixed shoulder type friction stir welding method using the same
CN106513981A (en) * 2016-12-06 2017-03-22 上海航天设备制造总厂 Special backing plate for friction-stir welding and welding method adopting backing plate
CN109366059B (en) * 2018-10-23 2021-04-06 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 Flexible tool for fillet weld friction stir welding and use method thereof
CN109396635B (en) * 2018-10-23 2020-07-10 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 Integral fillet weld friction stir welding tool and method
CN111055007B (en) * 2019-12-11 2022-01-18 首都航天机械有限公司 Static shaft shoulder friction stir welding device and method for T-shaped joint
CN212239595U (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-12-29 北京世佳博科技发展有限公司 Auxiliary device for friction stir welding of angle joints

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