CN102941400B - Method for welding automobile aluminium alloy bumper assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

A welding method for an aluminum alloy bumper assembly for automobiles belongs to the technical field of metal welding. The aluminum alloy bumper assembly for automobiles is composed of beams, energy-absorbing boxes and brackets. Two sets of welding tools are used to weld them step by step. First, the energy-absorbing box and bracket are welded, and then the welded energy-absorbing box and bracket are welded Beams are welded. The welding device can be adjusted and positioned according to the characteristics of the weldment, and the welding can be fastened to avoid deformation after welding; the AC welding machine is used for manual tungsten argon arc welding TIG welding, and the welding wire material, welding current, welding speed and Optimal matching of process parameters such as wire feeding speed can avoid welding defects. It has the characteristics of flexible and simple welding equipment, convenient operation, stable welding, fast welding speed, low production cost, less filler wire, fewer welding layers, small deformation, no correction after welding, beautiful appearance and high quality weld seam.

Description

A kind of aluminum alloy bumper assembly welding method for automobile

technical field

The invention relates to the field of metal welding technology and devices, in particular to a welding method for an aluminum alloy bumper assembly for automobiles.

Background technique

As people put forward higher requirements for energy saving, environmental protection, and safety, the application of lightweight and high-strength materials such as aluminum alloys has attracted widespread attention. Aluminum alloy has high specific strength, fracture toughness, fatigue strength and corrosion resistance stability, and good process formability and welding performance.

In automobile manufacturing, in order to increase the rigidity of the automobile frame, reduce the weight of the automobile, and improve the collision performance of the automobile, aluminum alloy materials are widely used. With the use of all-aluminum body cars, welded structures such as aluminum alloy extruded profiles and thin plates play an increasingly important role in cars. High-quality aluminum alloy welded structures have become key components in modern cars. Research on aluminum The large deformation mechanical behavior of alloy welded joints and structural parts is of great significance to car body manufacturing and crash safety design.

As a material joining technology, welding has put forward higher requirements for the development of materials and process technology with the further enlargement and complexity of equipment structure. How to achieve high-quality and high-reliability welding process has always been the main issue of people's attention and research.

The main connection method of aluminum alloy components is welding. At present, the methods used in aluminum alloy welding at home and abroad include tungsten argon arc welding (TIG), molten gas argon arc welding (MIG), friction stir welding (FSW), laser welding ( ISW), electron beam welding (EBW), variable polarity plasma arc welding (VPPAW) and combinations of various welding methods. Welded aluminum alloy parts can obtain good performance and meet the structural design requirements of automobiles. The TIG welding process is stable, the protection effect is good, and the economic cost is low, and it has been widely used in the industry. In addition, the TIG welding research process is relatively simplified, so the theoretical and experimental studies are mostly aimed at TIG welding.

Aluminum alloy has the characteristics of low melting point, high thermal conductivity, high thermal expansion rate, etc. When welding by conventional fusion welding process, there will be problems such as large tendency of weld cracks, easy generation of pores, large residual stress and residual deformation of welded structure, etc., resulting in welding The seam strength loss is relatively large, and the quality of the weld seam cannot be guaranteed.

The literature retrieval of existing related technologies found that EP03077370 discloses "a kind of TIG welding method for aluminum alloy and stainless steel", which mainly introduces the TIG welding process method for aluminum alloy and stainless steel; EP03077370 discloses "a TIG welding method Method and device", which mainly introduces the method of replacing the existing TIG welding circuit control technology through a specific device; Aluminum alloy manual double-gun double-sided TIG welding technology, the welding process adopts an upward vertical welding process, and two manual welding torches are respectively on the front and back of the welded joint. Device and method", which mainly performs high-speed TIG welding by improving the arc shape; CN102079004A discloses "Automatic TIG welding method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of aluminum alloy butt ring seam without liner", which mainly introduces the use of automatic tungsten argon arc The welding machine performs layered welding to realize an automatic TIG welding method for single-sided welding and double-sided forming of aluminum alloy butt ring seams; "Tube welding device" mainly introduces a welding method and its welding device for an aluminum tube-fin heat exchanger, which assembles aluminum plate fins and U-shaped tubes, and then welds the joints of long and short U-shaped tubes; CN102528259A discloses "A Welding Device for Limiting and Fixing Sleeves", which mainly introduces a welding device for limiting and fixing sleeves designed to weld the piston rod sub-assembly of automobile shock absorbers; CN101391356A discloses "an adjustable welding device", An adjustable control device suitable for welding workpieces with symmetrical welding positions is mainly introduced. The above methods or device pairs are all aimed at the TIG welding process and welding device of the specific welding workpiece. They are not fully applicable when used for other aluminum alloy workpieces. Various welding defects, welding deformation and other assembly defects may occur. For specific The workpiece needs to carry out the formulation of the specific welding process and the design of the device.

Contents of the invention

The present invention optimizes the welding process and improves the welding device for the existing aluminum argon arc welding TIG welding technology, and provides a welding method for the aluminum alloy bumper assembly for automobiles and the welding device used, by adopting the optimized welding process Parameters and welding equipment for aluminum alloy bumper assembly welding methods, such as the optimal selection of process parameters such as welding wire and welding current. Compared with general welding equipment, the welding equipment is flexible and simple, which can reduce welding defects and improve welding accuracy, and realize batch production. Production, improve productivity, avoid welding defects and deformation, reduce costs, and have good social, economic and market prospects.

The technical scheme adopted by the object of the present invention, its welding method step is as follows:

a. Degreasing and cleaning: An aluminum alloy bumper assembly for automobiles consists of a beam, an energy-absorbing box and a bracket, wherein the left and right ends of the beam have an energy-absorbing box and a bracket, and the energy-absorbing box and the beam need to be welded separately The contact surface between the bracket and the bracket is in the form of a T-shaped joint. Before welding, use a wire brush or sandpaper to polish the grooves and surrounding areas of the beam, the energy-absorbing box and the bracket, and put them into a 93# gasoline solution container after polishing. Dipping and degreasing treatment, then clean the weldment with 5%-10% NaOH solution container, the temperature of the solution is required to be 40-60°C, and the cleaning time is 1-3min, take it out and rinse it with flowing water, and finally air dry;

b. Welding: Put a bracket on a bracket tooling base plate. There are positioning pin holes and two bolt holes on the bracket tooling base plate corresponding to the positioning pin holes and two bolt holes on the bracket, and perform positioning on the bracket tooling base plate. At the same time, the three sides of the bracket are aligned with the edges of the bracket positioning slot in the middle of the bracket tooling bottom plate in a ∏ shape, and then the energy-absorbing box positioning plate is placed on the bracket tooling bottom plate for positioning. The sides of the energy-absorbing box positioning plate are aligned with the bracket tooling Align all sides of the bottom plate, and align the positioning pin holes on the positioning plate of the energy-absorbing box with the positioning pin holes on the bracket, and position through the positioning pins, put an energy-absorbing box into the Π-shaped gap in the middle of the positioning plate of the energy-absorbing box, and the two There is a clearance fit between them. In order to ensure the verticality between an energy-absorbing box and a bracket, an insert of the same size as the inner hole is inserted into an energy-absorbing box. There is a clearance fit between the insert and the inner hole of the energy-absorbing box. There is an upper insert pressing block on the upper end of the insert, and a lower insert pressing block on the bottom end of the energy-absorbing box, and the insert pressing screw passes through the hole of the upper insert clamping block and the lower insert clamping block The inner thread of the hole is matched to complete the positioning and fastening between the energy-absorbing box and the bracket, and then take out the positioning plate of the energy-absorbing box, and use an AC welding machine to weld by manual TIG welding. The welding wire is ER4043 or ER5183, and the diameter is 1.6-2.0mm , the diameter of the tungsten electrode is 4.8-5.0mm, the end is hemispherical, the protective gas is argon, the purity is 99.99%, the diameter of the nozzle is 11-13mm, the height of the nozzle is 8.0-14mm, the flow rate of argon is 7-10L/min, The welding current is 151-200A, the welding speed is 30-60cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 108-117cm/min. Four spot welds are welded at the four corners where the energy-absorbing box contacts the bracket to fix the energy-absorbing box. Then use the above welding process on the four sides of the energy-absorbing box, weld in a full welding method, and weld another energy-absorbing box and another bracket in the same way. After completing the welding of the energy-absorbing box and the bracket, keep it for 15-20min. After it cools down, remove the upper and lower insert pressing blocks and the insert pressing screw;

Secondly, after the welding of a pair of energy-absorbing boxes and the bracket is completed, weld the two sides of the energy-absorbing boxes and the beam on both sides, and place the beam on the column frame that has been adjusted to have the same radian as the beam. The middle of the beam It is placed between the pressure rod and the support rod of the column frame, and the two ends are placed on the support rods of the other two column frames. By adjusting the number of column frames, the position and the height of the support rods, the radian of the column frame support can be adjusted. To achieve the purpose of matching the radian of the beam, measure the height of both sides of the beam, position the beam, and clamp the beam on the column frame through the pressure bar, and the column frame can be clamped in the width direction of the beam, and the two welded energy-absorbing The welding tooling device of the box and the bracket is turned over, so that the energy-absorbing box faces downward, and through the upper guide column hole of the bracket tooling bottom plate, the bracket tooling bottom plate is placed on the upper end column of the guide column, and the positioning of the energy-absorbing box on the beam passes through the upper guide column hole on both sides. Position the guide column hole. After positioning and clamping the beam, energy-absorbing box and bracket in the assembly tooling, start to weld the contact surface between the energy-absorbing box and the beam. In order to ensure the accuracy of welding, the left and right ends are welded at the same time. Welding by AC welding machine and manual TIG welding, the welding wire is ER4043 or ER5183, the diameter is 1.6-2.0mm, the diameter of the tungsten electrode is 4.8-5.0mm, the end is hemispherical, the shielding gas is argon, the purity is 99.99% , the nozzle diameter is 11-13mm, the nozzle height is 8.0-14mm, the argon flow rate is 7-10L/min, the welding current is 151-200A, the welding speed is 30-60cm/min, the wire feeding speed is 108-117cm/min, First, spot weld the four corners where the energy-absorbing box on the left and right sides is in contact with the beam to further fix the position of the energy-absorbing box, and then perform full welding at the contact between the energy-absorbing box and the beam, and keep it for 15-20 minutes after welding, so that Cool the welded bumper assembly, then loosen the positioning pins of the bracket and the bracket tooling bottom plate, fasten bolt B and the bracket tooling bottom plate fasten bolt A on the guide column, take out the bracket tooling bottom plate, and loosen the pressure bar on the column frame Adjusting bolt C, take out the pressure bar, and then take out the welded aluminum alloy bumper assembly;

c. Cleaning after welding: remove the welding slag after welding, wipe the welded aluminum alloy bumper assembly with a hard brush, and then dip it in a potassium dichromate solution with a concentration of 2%-3% at 60-80°C 5-10min, then rinse and wash with hot water at 40°C, and check the quality of the weld to see if there are defects such as inclusions, bubbles, cracks, and deformation.

The welding device used: including the bracket tooling bottom plate, insert, insert pressing screw, upper insert pressing block, assembly tooling base, column frame, column frame base, guide column, the aforementioned bracket tooling bottom plate There are upper guide column holes on the four corners of the board, and three bracket positioning slots arranged in a Π shape in the middle. The bracket positioning slots arranged in a Π shape have two internal thread holes and positioning pin holes on the bracket tooling bottom plate. The four fastening bolts A are engaged with the inner thread of the outer end wall of the guide column hole on the four corners of the support tooling bottom plate, and the characteristics are:

a. An L-shaped energy-absorbing box positioning plate is placed on the bottom plate of the bracket tooling. There is a Π-shaped gap in the middle of the upper panel of the energy-absorbing box positioning plate. The positioning pins pass through the positioning pin holes and the positioning pins on the energy-absorbing box positioning plate respectively. The positioning pin hole on the bottom plate of the bracket tooling, the upper end of the insert is placed on the upper insert pressing block, the lower end is placed on the lower insert pressing block, the insert pressing screw passes through the hole of the upper insert pressing block and The inner thread of the hole of the pressing block of the lower insert is engaged, and the two fastening bolts B are respectively engaged with the inner threaded holes on the bottom plate of the bracket tooling to form an energy-absorbing box and a bracket welding tooling device;

b. The two ends and the middle of the end surface of the assembly tooling base plate are respectively placed with the base of the column frame. There are two L-shaped column frames on the base of the column frame. The adjusting bolt A passes through the horizontal plate groove hole of the column frame and the middle part of the column frame base The inner thread of the hole is engaged, and there is a support rod in the middle of the column frame. The adjustment bolt B passes through the vertical plate slot hole of the column frame and engages with the internal thread of the end face of the support rod. Adjusting bolt C passes through the vertical plate slot hole in the middle of the column frame and engages with the internal thread of the end face of the pressure rod, the C-shaped fastening clip clamps the assembly bottom plate and the column frame base, and the fastening bolt D passes through the C-shaped fastening clip The hole of the upper arm plate is engaged with the inner thread of the hole on the side of the base of the column frame. There are four protruding ear pieces on the two end surfaces of the bottom plate of the assembly tooling respectively. The outer end surfaces of the ear pieces are concave and semicircular. Guide column mounting seat, the end surface of the guide column mounting seat has a concave semicircular arc shape, the lower guide column hole is formed by the ear block and the guide column mounting seat, and the fastening bolt C passes through the end face of the guide post mounting seat and the internal thread of the ear block end face Engagement, the lower end of the guide post is inserted into the lower guide post hole, and the upper end is inserted into the upper guide post hole of the support tooling bottom plate after the aforementioned welding tooling device is turned over.

In the present invention, there are 3-6 column frames.

In the present invention, there are 3-6 support rods.

In the present invention, there are 6-12 C-shaped fastening clips.

In the present invention, the axis line of the positioning pin hole of the bracket tooling bottom plate, the axis line of the positioning pin hole of the energy absorbing box positioning plate, and the axis line of the positioning pin hole of the bracket are on the same axis line.

In the present invention, the two internally threaded holes of the tooling seat plate of the bracket are respectively on the same line as the axis lines of the two bolt holes of the bracket.

The present invention carries out the aluminum alloy bumper assembly welding method by adopting the optimized welding process parameter and welding device, such as the optimal selection of process parameters such as welding wire and welding current. Compared with the general welding device, the welding device is flexible and simple, and can reduce the welding Defects and improved welding accuracy, the invention has the characteristics of simple welding equipment, convenient operation, high quality weld seam, realizing mass production, improving productivity, avoiding welding defects and deformation, and reducing costs.

Description of drawings

Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an aluminum alloy bumper assembly for an automobile;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy-absorbing box and the bracket welding tool;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a welding tool for an aluminum alloy bumper assembly for an automobile.

In the figure: 1-bracket, 2-beam, 3-energy-absorbing box, 4-bracket tooling bottom plate, 5-fastening bolt A, 6-positioning plate of energy-absorbing box, 7-locating pin, 8-insert pressing wire Rod, 9-upper insert pressing block, 10-insert, 11-upper guide column hole, 12-fastening bolt B, 13-support positioning slot, 14-assembly tooling base, 15-guide column, 16 -support rod, 17-pressure rod, 18-guide column mounting seat, 19-fastening bolt C, 20-column frame, 21-C-shaped fastening clip, 22-column frame base, 23-adjusting bolt C, 24- Ear piece, 25-adjusting bolt B, 26-adjusting bolt A, 27-fastening bolt D.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, embodiment of welding method and welding device further illustrate the present invention.

The present invention consists of a beam 2, an energy-absorbing box 3 and a bracket 1, and the materials are respectively 6061 aluminum alloy, 6063 aluminum alloy and 6005A aluminum alloy, wherein the left and right ends of the beam 2 have an energy-absorbing box 3 and a bracket 1 respectively, and need Weld the contact surfaces between the energy-absorbing box 3 and the beam 2 and the support 1 respectively, the joint form is a T-shaped joint, the energy-absorbing box 3 is a square tube, the cross-sectional shape is a square, the size is 90mm╳90mm , and the wall thickness is 2mm. The height is different, the high side is 174mm, the low side is 139mm, the outer dimension of bracket 1 is 125mm ╳ 218mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, the bending radius of beam 2 is 1332mm, the length of beam 2 is 1111mm, and the cross-section is Japanese. The wall thickness is 2mm. Before welding, use a wire brush or sandpaper to polish the grooves and surrounding areas of the aluminum alloy bumper beam 2, the energy-absorbing box 3 and the bracket 1. After grinding, put them into a container filled with 93# gasoline solution to remove Oil treatment, and then put it into a 6% NaOH solution container to clean the weldment. The temperature of the solution is required to be 50 ° C, and the cleaning time is 2 minutes, then rinse with flowing water, and finally dry the weldment naturally; On the bracket tooling bottom plate 4, there are positioning pin holes and two bolt holes on the bracket tooling bottom plate 4 corresponding to the positioning pin holes and two bolt holes on the bracket 1, and are positioned on the bracket tooling bottom plate 4. Align and position the sides of the bracket positioning slots 13 arranged in a ∏ shape in the middle of the bracket tooling base plate 4, and then place an energy-absorbing box positioning plate 6 on a bracket tooling base plate 4 for positioning. The sides of the energy-absorbing box positioning plate 6 are aligned Align the sides of the tooling base plate 4 of the bracket, align the positioning pin holes on the positioning plate 6 of the energy-absorbing box with the positioning pin holes on the bracket 1, and position through the positioning pin 7, and put an energy-absorbing box 3 into the positioning plate 6 of the energy-absorbing box In the Π-shaped gap in the middle, there is a clearance fit between the two. In order to ensure the verticality between the energy-absorbing box 3 and the bracket 1, an insert 10 with the same size as the inner hole is inserted in the energy-absorbing box 3. The insert 10 There is a clearance fit between the inner hole of the energy-absorbing box 3, an upper insert pressing block 9 is placed on the upper end of the insert 10, and a lower insert pressing block is placed on the lower end of the energy-absorbing box 3, and the insert pressing block The screw rod 8 passes through the hole of the upper insert pressing block 9 and engages and fastens the inner thread of the lower insert pressing block hole to complete the positioning and fastening between the energy-absorbing box 3 and the bracket 1, and then take out the energy-absorbing box for positioning Plate 6 is welded by AC welding machine and manual TIG welding. The welding wire is ER5183, the diameter is 2.0mm, the diameter of the tungsten electrode is 5.0mm, the end is hemispherical, the protective gas is argon, the purity is 99.99%, the diameter of the nozzle is The nozzle height is 13mm, the nozzle height is 14mm, the argon gas flow rate is 10L/min, the welding current is 180A, the welding speed is 50cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 110cm/min. Four spot welds are used to fix the energy-absorbing box 3, and then the four sides of the energy-absorbing box 3 are welded with the above welding process in a full welding manner, and another energy-absorbing box 3 and another bracket 1 are welded in the same way to complete After the welding of the energy-absorbing box 3 and the bracket 1, keep it for 15-20 minutes, and after it cools down, remove the upper and lower insert pressing blocks and the insert pressing screw 8;

Secondly, after the welding of the pair of energy-absorbing boxes 3 and the bracket 1 is completed, the two sides of the energy-absorbing box 3 and the beam 2 are welded, and the beam 2 is placed on the column frame 20 that has been adjusted to have the same radian as the beam 2. Above, the middle part of the crossbeam 2 is placed between the pressure bar 17 and the support bar 16 of the column frame 20, and the two ends are placed on the support bars 16 of the other two column frames 20. By adjusting the number, position and support bar of the column frame 20 The height of 16 can adjust the radian supported by the column frame 20 to achieve the purpose of matching the radian of the beam 2. By measuring the height on both sides of the beam 2, the beam 2 is positioned, and the beam 2 is clamped on the column frame 20 by the pressure rod 17. At the same time, the column frame 20 can be clamped in the width direction of the beam 2, and the welded energy-absorbing box 3 on both sides and the welding tooling device of the bracket 1 are turned over, so that the energy-absorbing box 3 faces downward, and passes through the upper guide column on the tooling bottom plate 4 of the bracket. hole 11, set the bracket tooling base plate 4 on the upper end column of the guide column 15, and position the energy-absorbing box 3 on the beam 2 through the guide column holes 11 on both sides, and place the beam 2, the energy-absorbing box 3 and the bracket 1 on the After positioning and clamping in the assembly tooling, start to weld the contact surface of the energy-absorbing box 3 and the beam 2. In order to ensure the accuracy of welding, the left and right ends are welded at the same time, using an AC welding machine and manual TIG welding. The welding wire is ER5183, the diameter is 2.0mm, the tungsten electrode diameter is 5.0mm, the end is hemispherical, the shielding gas is argon, the purity is 99.99%, the nozzle diameter is 13mm, the nozzle height is 14mm, and the argon flow rate is 10L/min. The welding current is 180A, the welding speed is 50cm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 110cm/min. First, spot weld the four corners of the energy-absorbing box 3 on the left and right sides in contact with the beam 2 to further fix the position of the energy-absorbing box 3 , and then perform full welding at the contact between the energy-absorbing box 3 and the beam 2. After the welding is completed, keep it cool for 15-20 minutes, and then loosen the positioning pin 7 of the bracket 1 and the bracket tooling bottom plate 4, the fastening bolt B12 and the bracket tooling bottom plate 4. Fasten the bolt A5 on the guide column 15, take out the support tooling bottom plate 4, loosen the adjusting bolt C23 of the pressure bar 17 on the column frame 20, take out the pressure bar 17, and then take out the welded aluminum alloy bumper assembly;

After the welding is completed, remove the welding slag, clean the welded aluminum alloy bumper assembly with a hard brush, then soak it in a 3% potassium dichromate solution at 70°C for 8 minutes, and then use hot water at 40°C Rinse and wash, and check the weld quality to see if there are defects such as inclusions, air bubbles, and cracks.

The welding device used: including bracket tooling bottom plate 4, insert 10, insert pressing screw 8, upper insert pressing block 9, assembly tooling base 14, column frame 20, column frame base 22, guide column 15. There are upper guide post holes 11 on the four corners of the aforementioned bracket tooling base plate 4, and three bracket positioning slots 13 arranged in a Π shape in the middle, and the bracket tooling base plate of the bracket positioning slots 13 arranged in a Π shape There are two internally threaded holes and positioning pin holes on 4, and four fastening bolts A5 are engaged with the internal threads on the outer end wall of the guide column hole 11 on the four corners of the support tooling base plate 4, and the characteristics are:

a. An L-shaped energy-absorbing box positioning plate 6 is placed on the bracket tooling bottom plate 6. There is a Π-shaped gap in the middle of the upper panel of the energy-absorbing box positioning plate 6. The positioning pins 7 pass through the energy-absorbing box positioning plate 6 respectively. locating pin hole and the locating pin hole on the bracket tooling bottom plate 4, the upper insert pressing block 9 is placed on the upper end surface of the insert block 10, the lower insert pressing block is placed on the lower end face, and the insert pressing lead screw 8 passes through The hole of the pressing block 9 of the upper insert is engaged with the inner thread of the hole of the pressing block of the lower insert, and the two fastening bolts B12 are respectively engaged with the inner threaded holes on the bottom plate 4 of the bracket tooling to form the welding tooling of the energy-absorbing box 3 and the bracket 1 device;

b. Pillar frame bases 22 are respectively placed at both ends and in the middle of the upper end surface of the assembly tooling base plate 14. Two L-shaped column frames 20 are placed on the column frame base 22. Adjusting bolt A26 passes through the horizontal plate slotted hole of the column frame 20. Engage with the internal thread of the hole in the middle of the column frame base 22, the support rod 16 is placed in the middle of the column frame 20, the adjustment bolt B25 passes through the vertical plate slot hole of the column frame 20 and engages with the internal thread of the end face of the support rod 16, the two middle columns There is a pressure rod 17 on the support rod 16 mounted on the frame 20, and the adjustment bolt C23 passes through the vertical plate slot hole of the vertical column frame 20 in the middle and engages with the internal thread of the end face of the pressure rod 17, and the C-shaped fastening clip 21 clamps the bottom plate of the assembly tooling 14 and the base of the column frame 22, the fastening bolt D27 passes through the hole of the upper arm plate of the C-shaped fastening clip 21 and engages with the inner thread of the hole on the side of the base of the column frame 22, and there are four protrusions on the end faces of the two sides of the assembly tooling base plate 14 Ear piece 24, the outer end surface of ear piece 24 has a concave semicircle arc shape, and a guide post mounting seat 18 is placed on the outer end surface of the ear piece 24, and the end surface of the guide post mounting seat 18 has a concave semicircle arc shape, and the ear piece 24 and the guide post mounting seat 18 and the two form the lower guide post hole, the fastening bolt C19 passes through the end face of the guide post mounting seat 18 and engages with the internal thread of the end face of the ear piece 24, the lower end of the guide post 15 is inserted into the lower guide post hole, and the upper end is inserted into the aforementioned welding tooling device after turning over The upper guide column hole 11 of the support tooling base plate 4.

In the present invention, there are 3-6 column frames 20 .

In the present invention, there are 3-6 support rods 16 .

In the present invention, there are 6-12 C-shaped fastening clips 21 .

In the present invention, the axis line of the positioning pin hole of the support tooling base plate 4, the axis line of the positioning pin hole of the energy-absorbing box positioning plate 6, and the axis line of the positioning pin hole of the support 1 are on the same axis line.

In the present invention, the two internally threaded holes of the bracket tooling seat plate 4 are respectively on the same line as the axis lines of the two bolt holes of the bracket 1 .

In the figure, the bracket 1, the beam 2 and the crash box 3 are the parts to be welded during the welding process.

In the present invention, loosening the fastening bolt A5 can adjust the upper and lower positions of the support tooling base plate 4 on the guide column 15; loosening the adjusting bolt C23 can adjust the upper and lower positions of the pressure rod 17; loosening the adjusting bolt B25 can adjust the upper and lower positions of the support rod 16 ; Loosen the adjusting bolt A26 to adjust the distance between the two column frames 20;

Claims (7)

1. an aluminium alloys for automobile bumper assembly welding method, is characterized in that welding method step is as follows:

A, oil removing is cleaned: a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile bumper assembly is by crossbeam (2), energy-absorption box (3) and support (1) composition, respectively there are an energy-absorption box (3) and support (1) in wherein said crossbeam (2) two ends, left and right, need to weld respectively the contact-making surface between energy-absorption box (3) and crossbeam (2) and support (1), joint form is T junction, welding is front with wire brush or sand papering crossbeam (2), groove and the neighboring area of energy-absorption box (3) and support (1), put into and contain 93# gasoline solution through polishing, flood and oil removal treatment, subsequently with cleaning weldment in the NaOH solution container of 5%-10% concentration, solution temperature requires 40-60 DEG C, scavenging period is 1-3min, take out with mobile clear water flushing, last natural air drying,

B, welding a: support (1) is put to a support frock base plate (4), on support frock base plate (4), there are dowel hole and two bolts hole corresponding with the upper dowel hole of support (1) and two bolts hole, and position on support frock base plate (4), simultaneously three limits of support (1) and support frock base plate (4) centre are the limit positioned in alignment of ∏ shape line timber location notch hole (13), then energy-absorption box location-plate (6) is put to support frock base plate (4) and positioned, align with the each limit of support frock base plate (4) in the each limit of energy-absorption box location-plate (6), and upper energy-absorption box location-plate (6) dowel hole is alignd with the upper dowel hole of support (1), and by alignment pin (7) location, an energy-absorption box (3) is put into energy-absorption box location-plate (6) middle part ∏ v notch v, be matched in clearance between the two, for ensureing the perpendicularity between an energy-absorption box (3) and a support (1), in an energy-absorption box (3), insert insert (10) identical with interior hole size, insert between (10) and energy-absorption box (3) endoporus is matched in clearance, the compact heap (9) of inserting on (10) upper surface of inserting has, the compact heap of inserting under energy-absorption box (3) bottom face has, the clamping screw (8) of inserting through the hole of the clamp (9) of above inserting with under the clamp hole internal thread of inserting engage, complete location and fastening between energy-absorption box (3) and support (1), then take out energy-absorption box location-plate (6), adopt A.C. welder, manual TIG welding manner welds, welding wire is ER4043 or ER5183, diameter is 1.6-2.0mm, tungsten electrode diameter is 4.8-5.0mm, end is hemispherical, protective gas is argon gas, purity is 99.99%, nozzle diameter is 11-13mm, nozzle height 8.0-14mm, argon gas flow velocity is 7-10L/min, welding current is 151-200A, speed of welding is 30-60cm/min, wire feed rate is 108-117cm/min, four spot welding of position, four angles welding that contact with support (1) at energy-absorption box (3), to fix energy-absorption box (3), then energy-absorption box (3) four limits are adopted to above welding procedure, weld in full weld mode, adopt and weld in the same way another energy-absorption box (3) and another support (1), complete after the welding of energy-absorption box (3) and support (1), keep 15-20min, after it is cooling, shed, under insert compact heap and the clamping screw (8) of inserting,

Secondly, complete after the welding of a pair of energy-absorption box (3) and support (1), again two energy-absorption boxes (3) are welded with the both sides that crossbeam (2) contacts, crossbeam (2) is placed on the good column support (20) identical with crossbeam (2) radian of adjusted, the middle part of crossbeam (2) is placed between the depression bar (17) and support bar (16) of column support (20), two ends are placed on the support bar (16) of another two column supports (20), by adjusting the number of column support (20), the height of position and support bar (16) can be adjusted the radian that column support (20) supports, to reach the object that coordinates crossbeam (2) radian, by measuring the height of crossbeam (2) both sides, the crossbeam (2) of having good positioning, by depression bar (17), crossbeam (2) is above clamped at column support (20), column support (20) can clamp at crossbeam (2) width simultaneously, welding tooling device upset by two energy-absorption boxes (3) that welded with support (1), make energy-absorption box (3) down, by the upper lead hole (11) of support frock base plate (4), support frock base plate (4) is enclosed within the upper newel post of lead (15), the location of energy-absorption box (3) on crossbeam (2) by both sides on lead hole (11) location, by crossbeam (2), after energy-absorption box (3) and support (1) are located and are clamped in assembly frock, start energy-absorption box (3) and the contact-making surface of crossbeam (2) to weld, for ensureing the precision of welding, weld simultaneously at two ends, left and right, adopt A.C. welder, manual TIG welding manner welds, welding wire is ER4043 or ER5183, diameter is 1.6-2.0mm, tungsten electrode diameter is 4.8-5.0mm, end is hemispherical, protective gas is argon gas, purity is 99.99%, nozzle diameter is 11-13mm, nozzle height 8.0-14mm, argon gas flow velocity is 7-10L/min, welding current is 151-200A, speed of welding is 30-60cm/min, wire feed rate is 108-117cm/min, first four angles place left and right sides energy-absorption box (3) being contacted with crossbeam (2) adopts spot welding, further to fix energy-absorption box (3) position, then carry out full weld in energy-absorption box (3) and crossbeam (2) contact position, weld rear maintenance 15-20min, make the bumper assembly that welded cooling, then the alignment pin (7) of releases clamp (1) and support frock base plate (4), fastening bolt B(12) and support frock base plate (4) tighten bolt A(5 at lead (15)), take out support frock base plate (4), unclamp the adjusting bolt C(23 of column support (20) upperpush rod (17)), take out depression bar (17), then take out the aluminum alloy bumper assembly having welded,

C, postwelding cleaning: postwelding is removed welding slag, with the clear aluminum alloy bumper assembly welding of wiping of scrub-brush, again at 60-80 DEG C, concentration is to embathe 5-10min in the potassium bichromate solution of 2%-3%, then use the hot water Washing of 40 DEG C, and check weldquality observes whether have field trash, bubble, crackle, deformation defect.

2. the welder of a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile bumper assembly welding method according to claim 1, comprise support frock base plate (4), insert (10), the clamping screw (8) of inserting, on the compact heap (9) of inserting, assembly tooling base (14), column support (20), column support base (22), lead (15), on the plate of aforesaid support frock base plate (4), on four jiaos, there is upper lead hole (11), centre has three to be the support location notch hole (13) that Π shape is arranged, on the support frock base plate (4) of the support location notch hole (13) that described Π shape is arranged, there are two internal thread holes and dowel hole, four fastening bolt A(5) engage with the outer end wall internal thread in lead hole (11) on four jiaos of support frock base plate (4), it is characterized in that:

A, on support frock base plate (4), be placed with L-shaped energy-absorption box location-plate (6), there is the breach that is Π shape at the top panel middle part of energy-absorption box location-plate (6), alignment pin (7) is respectively through the dowel hole on energy-absorption box location-plate (6) and the dowel hole on support frock base plate (4), (10) upper surface of inserting is placed with the compact heap of inserting (9), lower surface is placed with down the compact heap of inserting, insert compress leading screw (8) through the hole of the compact heap (9) of above inserting with under the insert hole internal thread of compact heap engage, two fastening bolt B(12) engage with the upper internal thread hole of support frock base plate (4) respectively, form energy-absorption box (3) and support (1) welding tooling device,

B, column support base (22) is placed respectively in assembly frock base plate (14) two ends, upper surface and centre, on column support base (22), be placed with two L shaped column supports (20), adjusting bolt A(26) engage with column support base (22) mider hole internal thread through the level board slotted hole of column support (20), in the middle of column support (20), be placed with support bar (16), adjusting bolt B(25) engage with support bar (16) end-face hole internal thread through the vertical plate slotted eye of column support (20), the support bar (16) of middle two column supports (20) dress has depression bar (17) above, adjusting bolt C(23) engage with depression bar (17) end-face hole internal thread through middle column support (20) vertical plate slotted eye, C shape anchorage clip (21) blocks assembly frock base plate (14) and column support base (22), fastening bolt D(27) engage with hole internal thread on column support base (22) limit through C shape anchorage clip (21) upper branch arm plate hole, the both sides end face of assembly frock base plate (14) has respectively four protruding ear pieces (24), there is recessed semicircular arc ear piece (24) outer face, be placed with lead mount pad (18) in the outer face of ear piece (24), lead mount pad (18) end face has recessed semicircular arc, both form lower lead hole ear piece (24) and lead mount pad (18), fastening bolt C(19) engage with ear piece (24) end-face hole internal thread through lead mount pad (18) end-face hole, lower lead hole is inserted in lead (15) lower end, the upper lead hole (11) of aforementioned welding tooling device upset after-poppet frock base plate (4) is inserted in upper end.

3. the welder of a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile bumper assembly welding method according to claim 2, is characterized in that column support (20) has 3-6.

4. the welder of a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile bumper assembly welding method according to claim 2, is characterized in that support bar (16) has 3-6.

5. the welder of a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile bumper assembly welding method according to claim 2, is characterized in that C shape anchorage clip (21) has 6-12.

6. the welder of a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile bumper assembly welding method according to claim 2, is characterized in that the axial line of dowel hole of axial line, the support (1) of the dowel hole of dowel hole axial line, the energy-absorption box location-plate (6) of support frock base plate (4) is on same axial line.

7. the welder of a kind of aluminium alloys for automobile bumper assembly welding method according to claim 2, two internal thread holes that it is characterized in that support frock seat board (4) respectively with the axial line of two bolts hole of support (1) on the same line.