CN113517739A - Lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit - Google Patents
Lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113517739A CN113517739A CN202110798648.8A CN202110798648A CN113517739A CN 113517739 A CN113517739 A CN 113517739A CN 202110798648 A CN202110798648 A CN 202110798648A CN 113517739 A CN113517739 A CN 113517739A
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- Prior art keywords
- battery
- discharging
- discharge
- management system
- relay
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and discloses a lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit which comprises a battery and a battery management system, wherein the positive terminal of the battery is connected with the positive terminal of charge and discharge input and output of the battery through a fuse; the discharge circuit is used for preventing the battery from being overcharged due to continuous charging, and simultaneously, the battery discharge circuit is provided for supplying power to an external load. The lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit provided by the invention can ensure that the battery can still discharge outwards after overcharge protection, the problem that the battery cannot discharge is avoided, the battery can be quickly recovered to the main circuit of the relay before the vehicle is started, and the relay provides large current during starting, so that the discharge circuit is prevented from being burnt out due to overload.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit.
Background
In the process of replacing a lead-acid battery by a lithium battery, the charging voltage of the whole vehicle is too high, so that the lithium battery can trigger overvoltage protection easily, and for a lithium battery system adopting a relay as a main loop, once the lithium battery triggers the overvoltage protection disconnection relay, a power supply can not be provided for the whole vehicle, and when the whole vehicle is started next time, the closed state of the relay can not be recovered in time, so that the situation that the whole vehicle can not be started when the whole vehicle is suddenly flamed out and needs to be restarted can be caused. In order to prevent the occurrence of overcharge of the lithium battery and the disconnection of a main circuit relay, which leads to the fact that the whole vehicle cannot be started under the flameout condition, a lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit needs to be designed, so that the battery can still discharge outwards under the overcharge state, and the battery can be quickly recovered to the main circuit relay before the vehicle is started.
The present patent No. CN210297243U, chinese utility model discloses a control circuit for preventing overcharge or overdischarge of lithium batteries, which comprises a battery management system chip, a single string small module, a main relay, a fuse, a pre-charging relay, a pre-charging resistor, a shunt, and a CAN communication module. In the prior art, a main circuit of a Battery is mainly controlled by a main relay K1, when a Battery Management System (BMS) chip monitors an overcharge event of the Battery, the main relay K1 is turned off to prevent the Battery from being continuously charged, and when the BMS chip monitors an overcharge recovery event, the main relay K1 is turned off again to allow the Battery to be discharged.
However, the prior art has the following defects: when the battery management system chip monitors that the main relay K1 is disconnected due to the battery overcharge event, the battery cannot be charged or discharged outwards, when power needs to be supplied externally, the main relay K1 can be closed to start discharging only when the battery management system chip monitors that the recovery condition of the main relay K1 is met, and if the recovery condition is not met, the battery cannot meet the requirement for discharging outwards.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit, which can ensure that a battery can still discharge outwards after overcharge protection, does not have the problem that the battery cannot discharge when charged, can quickly recover to a main relay circuit before a vehicle is started, and can prevent the discharge circuit from being burnt out due to overload due to the large current provided by the relay when the vehicle is started.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the over-charge recovery switching circuit of the lithium battery comprises a battery and a battery management system, wherein the positive terminal of the battery is connected with the positive terminal of the charge and discharge input and output of the battery through a fuse, the negative terminal of the battery is connected with a relay, the relay is connected with the negative terminal of the charge and discharge input and output of the battery, the battery management system comprises a discharge loop, and the discharge loop is connected with the relay in parallel; the discharging loop is used for preventing the battery from being overcharged due to continuous charging, and simultaneously, the battery discharging loop is provided for supplying power to an external load; the battery management system is used for controlling the discharging loop to be switched on and switched off when detecting that the battery is fully charged and is in an overcharge protection state; the battery management system is further used for controlling the relay to be closed and the discharging loop to be opened when the current discharging current is detected to exceed a preset threshold value.
The invention is further provided with: the discharging loop comprises a discharging MOS tube and a discharging diode, the grid electrode of the discharging MOS tube is connected with the MOS drive circuit of the battery management system, the source electrode of the discharging MOS tube is connected with the negative electrode end of the battery, the drain electrode of the discharging MOS tube is connected with the negative electrode of the discharging diode, and the anode of the discharging diode is connected with the charging and discharging input and output negative electrode end of the battery.
The invention is further provided with: the discharge MOS tube is an N-channel MOSFET tube.
The invention is further provided with: the discharge diode is replaced by an NMOS (N-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube, the grid electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) drive circuit of the battery management system, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the discharge MOS tube, and the source electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with the charge-discharge input/output negative electrode end of the battery.
The invention is further provided with: the battery management system comprises a current acquisition module, a current divider is connected between the battery cathode end and the relay in series, the current acquisition module is connected with the current divider in parallel, and the current acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage of the current divider to calculate current.
The invention is further provided with: the battery management system further comprises a voltage acquisition module, the voltage acquisition module is connected with the battery, and the voltage acquisition module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the battery can still discharge outwards after overcharge protection by adding a discharge loop connected in parallel to the relay on the BMS, so that the problem that the battery cannot discharge is avoided, and meanwhile, due to the one-way conductivity of a diode in the discharge loop, when the battery is fully charged and the overcharge protection is triggered, a charge loop does not exist between the battery and a charger, so that the charger cannot continuously charge the battery, and the function of preventing the battery from being overcharged is achieved; when external load was too big and need the battery to provide the electric current outward, the battery can be through the outside discharge of discharge return circuit, and BMS passes through current acquisition module simultaneously and judges current load current size, and when the electric current exceeded the maximum discharge current value that the circuit of discharging allowed, BMS control relay recovered to the closure state, provided by the relay main loop and discharged, the protection circuit of discharging can not be damaged by the heavy current.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of an overcharge recovery switching circuit for a lithium battery according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of another embodiment of the overcharge recovery switching circuit for a lithium battery according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, the overcharge recovery switching circuit for a lithium battery provided by the present invention includes a battery and a battery management system (hereinafter referred to as "BMS"), a positive terminal B + of the battery is connected to a positive terminal IO1 of a charge/discharge input/output of the battery through a fuse, a negative terminal B-of the battery is connected to a relay K1, a relay K1 is connected to a negative terminal IO2 of the charge/discharge input/output of the battery, the BMS includes a discharge loop, the discharge loop is connected in parallel to two terminals of the relay K1, one terminal of the discharge loop is connected to the negative terminal B-of the battery, and the other terminal of the discharge loop is connected to a negative terminal IO2 of the charge/discharge input/output of the battery. It should be noted that, the charging and discharging input and output means that the battery releases voltage outwards and the charger charges the battery through the positive and negative terminals IO1 and IO 2. The discharging loop is used for preventing the battery from being overcharged due to continuous charging, and simultaneously the battery discharging loop is provided for supplying power to an external load; the BMS is used for controlling the discharging loop to be switched on and switched off the relay K1 when detecting that the battery is fully charged and is in an overcharge protection state, and is also used for controlling the relay K1 to be switched on and switched off the discharging loop when detecting that the current discharging current exceeds a preset threshold value.
When the whole vehicle is started for the first time, the relay K1 is closed to provide a discharging loop externally, after the whole vehicle is started, the whole vehicle charger starts to work and charges a battery, when the battery is full of and triggers overcharge protection, the BMS controls the discharging loop to be conducted, the relay K1 is switched off, the battery can provide current for an external load through the discharging loop, and meanwhile, the discharging loop has one-way conductivity and can play a role in preventing the battery from being overcharged. When the battery is in an overcharge protection state, if the whole vehicle is flamed out, the load of the whole vehicle is provided with energy by the battery through a discharge loop, when the BMS detects that the discharge current exceeds a preset threshold value, the whole vehicle can be considered to be in a flameout state, and a relay K1 main loop is recovered to prepare for the next starting of the whole vehicle. According to the lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit, one path of discharge loop connected in parallel to the relay K1 is added on the BMS, so that the relay K1 can still be disconnected to discharge outwards when the battery is overcharged, and the problem that the battery cannot discharge electricity is solved; before the whole vehicle is started, the main loop of the relay K1 can be recovered in time, the relay provides large current during starting, and the discharging loop is prevented from being burnt due to overload.
Specifically, the discharge circuit includes a discharge MOS transistor Q1 and a discharge diode D1, the gate of the discharge MOS transistor Q1 is connected to a MOS driving circuit (not shown in the figure) of the BMS, the source of the discharge MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the battery negative terminal B-, the drain of the discharge MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of the discharge diode D1, and the anode of the discharge diode D1 is connected to the battery charge-discharge input/output negative terminal IO 2. The BMS comprises a current collection module, a shunt R1 is connected between a battery cathode end B-and a relay K1 in series, the current collection module is connected with a shunt R1 in parallel, and the current collection module is used for collecting the voltage of the shunt R1 to calculate the current. When the battery is in an overcharge protection state, the BMS controls the relay K1 to be switched off and simultaneously closes the discharge MOS tube, at the moment, because of the one-way conductivity of the discharge diode D1, a charging loop does not exist between the battery and the charger, and the charger cannot continuously charge the battery, so that the function of preventing the battery from being overcharged is achieved; when the external load is too large and the battery needs to provide current to the outside, the battery can discharge to the outside through the discharging MOS pipe Q1 and the discharging diode D1, and the BMS judges the current load current through the current acquisition module, when the current exceeds the maximum discharging current value allowed by the discharging loop, the BMS controls the relay K1 to be restored to the closed state, the relay K1 provides the discharging loop, and the discharging loop formed by the discharging MOS pipe Q1 and the discharging diode D1 is protected from being damaged by large current. When the battery is in the overcharge protection state, if whole car flame-out, whole car load will be by the battery energy supply, and BMS's current acquisition module gathers discharge current through shunt R1, when discharge current value exceeded the predetermined threshold value, think whole car is flame-out state, and BMS control resumes relay K1 major loop, for the next start-up preparation of whole car. Preferably, the discharge MOS transistor Q1 of the present invention is an N-channel MOSFET transistor.
Specifically, the BMS further comprises a voltage acquisition module, the voltage acquisition module is connected with the battery, and the voltage acquisition module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery. The general battery is a battery pack composed of single batteries, the detection of the total voltage of the battery pack and the voltage of the single batteries can be realized through the voltage acquisition module, and the abnormal phenomena of overcharge, overdischarge and the like of the battery are prevented or avoided, so that the service life of the battery is prolonged to the maximum extent, and the safety of a user is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, in another embodiment, when the current flowing through the discharge loop is high, the discharge diode D1 may be replaced by an NMOS transistor Q2, the gate of the NMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the MOS driving circuit of the BMS, the conduction and disconnection of the NMOS transistor Q2 are controlled by the BMS, the drain of the NMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the drain of the discharge MOS transistor Q1, and the source of the NMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the battery charge/discharge input/output negative terminal IO 2.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a lithium cell overcharge resumes switching circuit, includes battery and battery management system, its characterized in that: the battery management system comprises a battery management system and a battery management system, wherein the battery positive end is connected with a battery charging and discharging input and output positive end through a fuse, the battery negative end is connected with a relay, the relay is connected with the battery charging and discharging input and output negative end, and the battery management system comprises a discharging loop which is connected with the relay in parallel;
the discharging loop is used for preventing the battery from being overcharged due to continuous charging, and simultaneously, the battery discharging loop is provided for supplying power to an external load;
the battery management system is used for controlling the discharging loop to be switched on and switched off when detecting that the battery is fully charged and is in an overcharge protection state; and the control circuit is also used for controlling the relay to be closed and the discharging loop to be opened when the current discharging current is detected to exceed a preset threshold value.
2. The lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit of claim 1, wherein: the discharging loop comprises a discharging MOS tube and a discharging diode, the grid electrode of the discharging MOS tube is connected with the MOS drive circuit of the battery management system, the source electrode of the discharging MOS tube is connected with the negative electrode end of the battery, the drain electrode of the discharging MOS tube is connected with the negative electrode of the discharging diode, and the anode of the discharging diode is connected with the charging and discharging input and output negative electrode end of the battery.
3. The lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit of claim 2, wherein: the discharge MOS tube is an N-channel MOSFET tube.
4. The lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit of claim 2, wherein: the discharge diode is replaced by an NMOS (N-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube, the grid electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) drive circuit of the battery management system, the drain electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the discharge MOS tube, and the source electrode of the NMOS tube is connected with the charge-discharge input/output negative electrode end of the battery.
5. The lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit of claim 1, wherein: the battery management system comprises a current acquisition module, a current divider is connected between the battery cathode end and the relay in series, the current acquisition module is connected with the current divider in parallel, and the current acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage of the current divider to calculate current.
6. The lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit of claim 1, wherein: the battery management system further comprises a voltage acquisition module, the voltage acquisition module is connected with the battery, and the voltage acquisition module is used for detecting the voltage of the battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110798648.8A CN113517739A (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110798648.8A CN113517739A (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113517739A true CN113517739A (en) | 2021-10-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110798648.8A Pending CN113517739A (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Lithium battery overcharge recovery switching circuit |
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| CN (1) | CN113517739A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206226040U (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-06-06 | 成都库仑科技有限公司 | A kind of diode charge-discharge circuit |
| CN207382000U (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-05-18 | 北方奥钛纳米技术有限公司 | High voltage power distribution unit, high voltage power distributing cabinet and high voltage power distributing cabinet system |
| CN207896191U (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-09-21 | 樊朝晖 | A kind of li-ion cell protection device of list relay management mode |
| CN112039157A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-04 | 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 | Control system, method and device for multi-battery subsystem parallel connection |
-
2021
- 2021-07-15 CN CN202110798648.8A patent/CN113517739A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206226040U (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-06-06 | 成都库仑科技有限公司 | A kind of diode charge-discharge circuit |
| CN207382000U (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-05-18 | 北方奥钛纳米技术有限公司 | High voltage power distribution unit, high voltage power distributing cabinet and high voltage power distributing cabinet system |
| CN207896191U (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-09-21 | 樊朝晖 | A kind of li-ion cell protection device of list relay management mode |
| CN112039157A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-04 | 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 | Control system, method and device for multi-battery subsystem parallel connection |
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Application publication date: 20211019 |