CN113517691B - Multi-type power supply cooperative scheduling method based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity price - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-type power supply cooperative scheduling method based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity price, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the day-ahead predicted output of each wind power plant through a wind power prediction system; constructing corresponding mathematical models according to the operating characteristics and system safety constraints of different types of power generating units, wherein the different types of power generating units comprise a thermal power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit, a nuclear power generating unit, a wind power generating unit and electrochemical energy storage; according to the proportion of the transferable load in the total load, solving to obtain the change condition of the load after implementing the time-of-use electricity price mechanism; and solving a mathematical model to obtain start-up and shut-down plans and pre-output data of different types of power supply units, the charge-discharge time period and charge-discharge power of electrochemical energy storage and the scheduling condition of interruptible loads by taking the minimum total system operation cost as a target function. The invention can reduce the load peak-valley difference of the power system and the operation cost of the thermal power generating unit and the nuclear power generating unit, and improve the operation economy of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power scheduling, in particular to a multi-type power supply cooperative scheduling method based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity price.
Background
At present, low-carbon energy consumption structures mainly based on renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic are vigorously developed in China, and high-proportion renewable energy source grid connection is a basic characteristic of future power systems. Renewable energy power generation is random, intermittent and fluctuating, and brings more operating pressure to the system. In order to cope with peak shaving pressure caused by random output of wind power generation, a dispatcher often needs to configure a rotating standby with high capacity. Because wind power output has certain anti-peak-shaving characteristics, when the wind power output is higher at night, the load is in the low valley, the load level is higher in the daytime, the wind power output is smaller, the load peak-valley difference of the system is indirectly enlarged, the peak shaving pressure of the system is increased, the system is easy to face the situation of insufficient flexibility resources, and the waste of renewable energy power generation resources is often caused. The traditional unit combination model does not take electrochemical energy storage and flexible load into consideration at the same time and relies on a thermal power generating unit and a gas power generating unit to carry out peak shaving. Thermal power generating units and gas-electric power generating units which are used as peak shaving units often need to be started and stopped frequently, the running condition that the load rate is not high when the load of the thermal power generating units is low is easily caused, and the running efficiency of the system is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a multi-type power source co-scheduling method based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity prices, so as to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-type power supply cooperative scheduling method based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity price, comprising the following steps:
s101, acquiring the day-ahead predicted output of each wind power plant through a wind power prediction system;
s102, constructing corresponding mathematical models according to the operating characteristics and system safety constraints of different types of power generating units, wherein the different types of power generating units comprise a thermal power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit, a nuclear power generating unit, a wind power generating unit and electrochemical energy storage;
s103, solving to obtain the change condition of the load after implementing the time-of-use electricity price mechanism according to the proportion of the transferable load in the total load;
and S104, solving a mathematical model by taking the minimum total system operation cost as a target function to obtain the start-up and shut-down plans and the pre-output data of the power supply units of different types, the charge-discharge time period and the charge-discharge power of the electrochemical energy storage and the scheduling condition of interruptible loads.
Further, the constraint conditions of the thermal power generating unit include:
the formula (1) represents the upper and lower output limit constraints of the thermal power generating unit, whereinThe output of the thermal power generating unit at the time t of the node i,andrespectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the output of the thermal power generating unit; formula (2) represents the ramp rate constraint of the thermal power generating unit, r i up And r i down The maximum values of the upward and downward climbing speeds of the thermal power generating unit are respectively; formula (3) represents a minimum startup time constraint of the thermal power unit; equation (4) represents the minimum shutdown time constraint for the thermal power unit.
Further, the constraint conditions of the hydroelectric generating set comprise:
the formula (5) represents the upper and lower output limit constraints of the hydroelectric generating set,andrespectively representing the maximum value and the minimum value of the output of the hydroelectric generating set; equation (6) represents the ramp rate constraint of the hydroelectric generating set,andrespectively representing the downward and upward climbing speed limit values of the hydroelectric generating set; equation (7) represents the water yield constraint of the hydroelectric generating set, W h Representing the maximum amount of water generated.
Further, the constraint conditions of the nuclear power generating unit include:
the formula (8) represents that the nuclear power unit can only operate in one of the operating states of full power and low power; the formulas (10) and (11) respectively represent that the full-power working state and the low-power working state of the nuclear power unit respectively operate at fixed values; equations (12) and (13) represent minimum operating time constraints that the nuclear power unit should meet in full and low power operating states, respectively.
Further, the system safety constraint also comprises a power balance constraint, a reserve capacity constraint and a line power flow constraint, wherein the expression of the power balance constraint is shown as a formula (14),
wherein,andrespectively representing the output of a thermal power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit, a nuclear power generating unit and a wind power generating unit at the time t of the node i;andrespectively representing the electrochemical energy storage charging power and the electrochemical energy storage discharging power at the moment t of the node i; d i,t Represents the load at time t of node i;
the expression for the reserve capacity constraint is shown in equation (15),
wherein,respectively representing the maximum output of a thermal power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit and a nuclear power generating unit at the time t of the node i; r is t Indicating the rotational reserve capacity of the system at time t;
the expression for the line flow constraint is shown in equation (16),
wherein, γ il 、γ jl 、γ kl 、γ ul 、γ vl Respectively representing power distribution factors of a thermal power generating unit, a wind power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit, electrochemical energy storage and load on the power transmission line l;represents the transmission power upper limit value of the transmission line l.
Further, the step S103 specifically includes the following steps:
s201, dividing the load in the system into fixed loadsAnd a flexible loadThe flexible load comprises a translatable loadAnd interruptible loadDetermining transferable load and interruptible load at Total load D i,t The proportion of (A) to (B):
wherein, a and beta are respectively the proportion of the transferable load and the interruptible load in the total load, and an elastic matrix of the time-of-use electricity quantity and the electricity price is established according to the demand price elasticity and the demand price cross elasticity:
in the formula (20), Q p 、Q f And Q v Respectively representing the power consumption, Δ Q, in different periods p 、ΔQ f And Δ Q v Respectively representing the degree of change in power consumption, P, over different periods of time p 、P f And P v Each represents a differentThe electricity prices of the periods, p, f and v representing the peak, flat and valley periods, respectively,. Epsilon ij The elasticity coefficient represents that the time period electric quantity of the same price and the electricity price are in a reverse variation relation, and the expression of epsilon is as follows:
wherein P and delta P respectively represent electricity price and variation of electricity price, and L and delta L respectively represent electric quantity and variation of electric quantity;
s202, establishing a calculation model of the actual power consumption and the compensation cost of the interruptible load, wherein the actual power consumption of the interruptible load can be represented as follows:
equation (22) describes the interruptible load at time t at node iAnd state variables of the occurrence of interruptsThe relationship between the two or more of them,for the actual load value of the interruptible load,a binary variable representing the occurrence of a load interrupt, and equation (23) representing the limit of the number of times that the system can interrupt the load with an interrupt, where N i The maximum number of times that the interruptible load of the node i can be interrupted in the scheduling period T;
the calculation model expression of interruptible load compensation cost is as follows:
wherein λ is ilload Represents the unit penalty cost for an interruption of the interruptible load,to characterize the binary variable at which the interruptible load is interrupted,indicating that the load is interrupted.
Further, the step S104 specifically includes the following steps:
s301, establishing a fuel cost calculation model of the thermal power generating unit, and calculating thermal power output data;
s302, solving the mathematical model to obtain the processing condition of each type of unit, the scheduling condition of interruptible load and the total running cost of the system.
Further, the fuel cost calculation model of the thermal power generating unit is represented as follows:
supposing that the output interval of the thermal power generating unit is [ p ] min ,p max ]With n +1 successively larger dots (x) 0 ,x 1 ,…,x k ,x n ) (k =0,1,2, \ 8230;, n) equally divides the interval into n sub-intervals, where x is 0 =p min ,x n =p max For each cell, the approximation linearization is performed with secant:
the abscissa is expressed as:
and identifying the subsection interval in which the thermal power output is positioned through the SOS2 type variable, and performing linear calculation by adopting a corresponding secant.
Further, the step S302 specifically includes:
calculating the fuel cost F generated by the thermal power generating unit and the nuclear power generating unit fuel :
Calculating the starting and stopping cost F of the thermal power generating unit on/off :
Calculating the fuel cost of the nuclear power unit:
calculating the minimum total running cost of the system:
min F=F fuel +F on/off +F dlload (31)
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the multi-type power supply cooperative scheduling method based on the peak-valley time-of-use electricity price, when the day-ahead scheduling output of each type of power supply is determined, part of loads collected by users are taken as interruptible loads to participate in power grid scheduling, and the charging and discharging behaviors of electrochemical energy storage and the change condition of transferable loads under the time-of-use electricity price mechanism are considered at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall flow chart of a multi-type power supply collaborative scheduling method based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity price according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of total daily load curve and wind farm output of the system provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a total load graph before and after the time-of-use electricity price is implemented according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a histogram of the charge/discharge power of electrochemical energy storage provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of output curves of various types of power supply units according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a plan for starting and stopping the thermal power generating unit after time-of-use electricity price implementation provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a plan for starting and stopping the thermal power generating unit after time-of-use electricity price is not implemented according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the illustrated embodiments are provided to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for multi-type power supply collaborative scheduling based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity price, where the method includes the following steps:
s101, acquiring the day-ahead predicted output of each wind power plant through a wind power prediction system.
In the step, the predicted output of each wind power plant of the system on the next day is obtained by using a wind power prediction system, and because the output of the wind generation set has randomness, the output is set according to the predicted output of the wind generation set in a day-ahead plan, namely, the power generation plans of other sets are arranged on the basis of considering all wind power consumption.
S102, constructing corresponding mathematical models according to the operating characteristics and system safety constraints of different types of power generating units, wherein the different types of power generating units comprise thermal power generating units, hydroelectric power generating units, nuclear power generating units, wind power generating units and electrochemical energy storage units.
And S103, solving to obtain the change condition of the load after the time-of-use electricity price mechanism is implemented according to the proportion of the transferable load in the total load.
And S104, solving the mathematical model by taking the minimum total system operation cost as an objective function to obtain the start-up and shut-down plans and the pre-output data of the power supply units of different types, the charge-discharge time period and the charge-discharge power of the electrochemical energy storage and the scheduling condition of interruptible loads.
In step S102, the constraint conditions of the thermal power generating unit include:
the formula (1) represents the upper and lower output limit constraints of the thermal power generating unit, whereinThe output power of the thermal power generating unit at the time t of the node i,andrespectively representing the maximum value and the minimum value of the output of the thermal power generating unit; formula (2) represents the ramp rate constraint of the thermal power generating unit, r i up And r i down The maximum values of the upward and downward climbing rates of the thermal power generating unit are respectively; the formula (3) represents the minimum starting time constraint of the thermal power generating unit; equation (4) represents the minimum shutdown time constraint for the thermal power unit.
The constraint conditions of the hydroelectric generating set comprise:
the formula (5) represents the upper and lower output limit constraints of the hydroelectric generating set, whereinThe output of the hydroelectric generating set at the moment t of the node i,andrespectively representing the maximum value and the minimum value of the output of the hydroelectric generating set; equation (6) represents the ramp rate constraint of the hydroelectric generating set,andrespectively representing the downward and upward climbing speed limit values of the hydroelectric generating set; equation (7) represents the water yield constraint of the hydroelectric generating set, W h Representing the maximum amount of water generated.
The power regulation of the nuclear power unit requires longer time and is not high in flexibility, so that the nuclear power unit generally runs at full power, only two working states of the nuclear power unit, namely the full power running state and the low power running state, are considered in the embodiment, and the constraint conditions of the nuclear power unit include:
wherein, the formula (8) represents that the nuclear power unit can only operate in one of the operating states of full power and low power,andrespectively represent the nucleusWhen the variable is 1, the binary indicating variable of the full-power operation mode and the low-power operation mode of the generator set indicates that the nuclear generator set is in the operation mode; the expressions (10) and (11) respectively represent that the full-power and low-power working states of the nuclear power unit respectively operate at fixed values,andthe power generation power of the nuclear power unit in a full-power operation mode and a low-power operation mode is respectively; equations (12) and (13) represent minimum operating time constraints that a nuclear power unit should meet in full and low power operating states, respectively, where T i nu,A And T i nu,G Respectively representing the minimum running time of an A mode and a G mode of the nuclear power unit; t denotes a scheduling period.
As an optional implementation, the system safety constraints further include a power balance constraint, a reserve capacity constraint, and a line power flow constraint, wherein the power balance constraint is expressed as follows:
wherein,andrespectively representing the output of a thermal power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit, a nuclear power generating unit and a wind generating unit at the time t of the node i;andrespectively representing the electrochemical energy storage charging power and the electrochemical energy storage discharging power at the moment t of the node i; d i,t Representing node i at time tAnd (4) loading.
The expression for the reserve capacity constraint is as follows:
wherein,respectively representing the maximum output of a thermal power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit and a nuclear power generating unit at the time t of the node i; r t Indicating the rotational reserve capacity of the system at time t.
The expression for the line flow constraint is as follows:
wherein, γ il 、γ jl 、γ kl 、γ ul 、γ vl Respectively representing power distribution factors of a thermal power generating unit, a wind power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit, electrochemical energy storage and load on the power transmission line l;represents the transmission power upper limit value of the transmission line l.
As an optional implementation manner, the step S103 specifically includes the following steps:
s201, dividing the load in the system into fixed loadsAnd a flexible loadThe flexible load comprises a translatable loadAnd interruptible loadDetermining transferable load and interruptible load at Total load D i,t The proportion of (A) to (B):
equation (17) represents the total load of the system at the time t of the node i. a and beta are respectively the proportion of the transferable load and the interruptible load in the total load, and an elastic matrix of the time-sharing electric quantity and the electricity price is established according to the demand price elasticity and the demand price cross elasticity:
in the formula (20), Q p 、Q f And Q v Respectively representing the power consumption, Δ Q, in different periods p 、ΔQ f And Δ Q v Respectively representing the degree of change of the power consumption in different periods, P p 、P f And P v Respectively representing the electricity prices in different periods, p, f and v respectively representing the peak, plateau and valley periods, epsilon ij The elasticity coefficient represents that the electric quantity and the electricity price in the time period of the same price are in a reverse variation relation, the transferable load can flexibly adjust the specific electricity utilization time period according to the peak-valley time-of-use electricity price, the elasticity coefficient of the electricity price reflects the sensitivity of the fluctuation of the electric quantity of a user to the fluctuation of the electricity price, and the expression of the electricity price coefficient epsilon is as follows:
wherein P and Δ P represent electricity prices and variation in electricity prices, respectively, and L and Δ L represent electric quantity and variation in electric quantity, respectively.
S202, establishing a calculation model of the actual power consumption and the compensation cost of the interruptible load, wherein the actual power consumption of the interruptible load can be represented as follows:
equation (22) describes the interruptible load at time t at node iAnd state variables of the occurrence of interruptsThe relationship between the two or more of them,for the actual load value of the interruptible load,a binary variable representing the occurrence of a load interrupt, and equation (23) representing the limit of the number of times that the system interruptible load is interrupted, where N i The highest number of times that an interruption can occur within the scheduling period T for the interruptible load of node i.
The calculation model expression of interruptible load compensation cost is as follows:
wherein λ is ilload Represents the unit penalty cost for an interruption of the interruptible load,to characterize the binary variable of the interruptible load at which the interruption occurs,indicating that the load is interrupted.
As an optional implementation manner, the step S104 specifically includes the following steps:
s301, establishing a fuel cost calculation model of the thermal power generating unit, and calculating thermal power output data.
Illustratively, the fuel cost calculation model of the thermal power generating unit is represented by a quadratic function as:
in the formula (25), the reaction mixture is,andand a quadratic term, a primary term and a constant term of a quadratic function relation of fuel cost and generating power of the thermal power generating unit are respectively represented.
Supposing that the output interval of the thermal power generating unit is [ p ] min ,p max ]With n +1 successively larger dots (x) 0 ,x 1 ,…,x k ,x n ) (k =0,1,2, \ 8230;, n) equally divides the interval into n sub-intervals, where x is 0 =p min ,x n =p max For each cell, the approximation linearization is performed with secant:
the abscissa is expressed as:
in the formula (27), at most two boolean variables are 1, so that the segment interval in which the thermal power output is located is identified by the SOS2 type variable, and linear calculation is performed by using a corresponding secant.
S302, solving the mathematical model to obtain the processing condition of each type of unit, the scheduling condition of interruptible load and the running total cost of the system.
In this embodiment, considering the flexible load and the multi-type power supply collaborative scheduling model of electrochemical energy storage, the total operating cost of the system in the scheduling period is minimum as an objective function, and includes two parts: fuel cost, startup and shutdown cost and interruptible load compensation cost required by power generation of the thermal power generating unit and the nuclear power generating unit, wherein the step S302 specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the fuel cost F generated by the thermal power generating unit and the nuclear power generating unit fuel :
Calculating the starting and stopping cost F of the thermal power generating unit on/off :
Calculating the fuel cost of the nuclear power unit:
calculating the minimum total running cost of the system:
min F=F fuel +F on/off +F dlload (31)
in the above-mentioned formula, the first and second groups,andrespectively representing single starting-up cost and shutdown cost of the thermal power generating unit;andthe method is characterized by comprising the following steps of respectively obtaining a primary term and a constant term of a fuel cost and power generation power function expression of a nuclear power unit.
In one embodiment of the invention, with reference to the existing power supply planning and grid structure of the power grid in a certain area: the area has 9 thermal power units, 3 hydroelectric power units, 5 wind power units and 2 nuclear power units. In order to highlight the influence of high-proportion wind power integration on day-ahead scheduling of the system, the installed wind power capacity of the system in the specific embodiment is enlarged to be 2.5 times of that of a reference region. Table 1 shows installed capacities and proportions of various power sources in the system, in addition, 3 electrochemical energy storages are added on the original basis, basic parameters of the electrochemical energy storages are shown in table 4, peak-valley time-of-use electricity prices in the area are shown in table 5, and a demand elastic matrix capable of transferring loads is as follows:
TABLE 1 installed capacity and proportion of various power supplies of system
TABLE 2 Total and interruptible loads for each time period of the System
TABLE 2 Total and interruptible loads for each time period of the System (see Table above)
TABLE 2 Total and interruptible loads for each time period of the System (see Table above)
TABLE 3 basic parameters of thermal power generating units
TABLE 4 basic parameters of electrochemical energy storage
TABLE 5 Peak-to-valley time of use of electricity in certain areas
The load and wind power output curve is shown in fig. 2, the peak load time period is 10-12, the maximum wind power output time period is 5-6, the wind power output presents a certain degree of inverse peak regulation characteristic, the peak regulation pressure of partial thermal power generating units, hydroelectric power peak regulation units and other peak regulation units is increased, and the economical efficiency of system operation is influenced. The electricity consumption of the partial load in each time interval is adjusted by implementing the time-of-use electricity price, and the adjusted load curve is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the peak load before adjustment is 4000.78MW, the valley load before adjustment is 2613.13MW, and the load peak-to-valley difference before adjustment is 1387.65MW; by carrying out load transfer, the adjusted peak charge is 3728.72MW, the valley charge is 2858.18MW, the load peak-valley difference after the time-of-use electrovalence mechanism is implemented is 870.54MW, and the load peak-valley difference is reduced by 37.26% in an identical ratio. It can be seen that the user is guided to spontaneously adjust the electricity utilization time period according to the time-of-use electricity price mechanism, the load peak-valley difference can be effectively reduced, and the operation pressure of the system is relieved.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the charging period of the electrochemical energy storage is mainly concentrated in periods 3 to 7, wherein the maximum charging power of the electrochemical energy storage occurs in periods 5 to 6, and the maximum charging power of each group of energy storage systems is 100MW, 60MW, respectively, for a total of 260MW. The charging period of electrochemical energy storage is mainly concentrated at night, the wind power output is large, and the load is small; the maximum discharge time period of the electrochemical energy storage is time periods 8 and 9, the loads adjusted in the time periods 8 and 9 reach 3286.06MW and 3296.40MW respectively, and the time period 9 is the minimum wind power output time period in the whole scheduling cycle. Therefore, the electrochemical energy storage participates in the coordinated optimization operation of the multiple types of power supplies of the system, the peak-reversal regulation characteristic of wind power output can be improved, electric energy is stored when wind power is surplus and the load is low, the operation pressure when the load of the system is high and the wind power output is insufficient can be relieved, the time-space transfer of the wind power is realized, and the economical efficiency of the operation of the system is improved.
It can be seen from fig. 5 that all the nuclear power units operate according to full power output, the nuclear power units serve as base load units, the system completely consumes the wind power units according to the predicted output of the wind power units, the thermal power units mainly serve as waist load units, and part of the thermal power units and the hydroelectric power units serve as peak shaving units. The electrochemical energy storage is charged when the wind power output is large at night and the load is in the valley, and is discharged when the wind power output level is low at the peak of the electricity consumption in the daytime, so that the peak regulation effect is also realized.
As can be seen from fig. 6, the operated thermal power generating units are G2, G4, G5, G6, and G9, the operated thermal power generating units are operated as base load units in the scheduling cycle at the whole time period, and the time periods 1 to 6 are load trough time periods at night, and when the day time period is reached, the load is increased, the output of the thermal power generating units is not increased, so that the operating efficiency of the thermal power generating units is improved.
As can be seen from fig. 7, under the condition that the time-of-use electricity price is not implemented, the operated thermal power generating units are G1, G2, G5, G6, G8 and G9, wherein the thermal power generating units G2, G5, G6 and G9 are operated as base load units in the scheduling cycle in the whole period, and the periods 1 to 6 are the load valley period at night, so that the rest of the thermal power generating units are not turned on. When the day is started, the time interval is 7-24, the load is increased, the newly added thermal power generating units G1 and G8 output power, and the peak regulation effect is exerted. Compared with the situation of implementing time-of-use electricity price, the power output of a thermal power generating unit needs to be increased, and the operation efficiency of the thermal power generating unit is not high.
It can be seen from table 6 that the fuel cost of the system operation is reduced after the time-of-use electricity price is implemented, the times of starting and stopping the thermal power generating unit are reduced, and the economy of the whole system operation is improved to a certain extent.
TABLE 6 System operating economics around real-time-of-use electricity prices
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-type power supply cooperative scheduling method based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity price is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, acquiring the day-ahead predicted output of each wind power plant through a wind power prediction system;
s102, constructing corresponding mathematical models according to the operating characteristics and system safety constraints of different types of power generating units, wherein the different types of power generating units comprise a thermal power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit, a nuclear power generating unit, a wind power generating unit and electrochemical energy storage;
s103, solving to obtain the change condition of the load after implementing the time-of-use electricity price mechanism according to the proportion of the transferable load in the total load;
s104, solving a mathematical model to obtain start-up and shut-down plans and pre-output data of different types of power supply units, the charge-discharge time period and charge-discharge power of electrochemical energy storage and the scheduling condition of interruptible loads by taking the minimum total system operation cost as an objective function;
the step S104 specifically includes the following steps:
s301, establishing a fuel cost calculation model of the thermal power generating unit, and calculating thermal power output data;
s302, solving a mathematical model taking the minimum total running cost of the system as a target function to obtain the processing condition of each type of unit, the scheduling condition of interruptible load and the total running cost of the system;
the step S302 specifically includes:
calculating the fuel cost F generated by the thermal power generating unit and the nuclear power generating unit fuel :
Calculating the starting and stopping cost F of the thermal power generating unit on/off :
Calculating the fuel cost of the nuclear power unit:
calculating the minimum total running cost of the system:
min F=F fuel +F on/off +F ilload (31)。
2. the multi-type power supply collaborative scheduling method based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity price according to claim 1, wherein the constraint conditions of the thermal power generating unit include:
the formula (1) represents the upper and lower output limit constraints of the thermal power generating unit, whereinThe output power of the thermal power generating unit at the time t of the node i,andrespectively representing the maximum value and the minimum value of the output of the thermal power generating unit; formula (2) represents the ramp rate constraint of the thermal power generating unit,andthe maximum values of the upward and downward climbing speeds of the thermal power generating unit are respectively; the formula (3) represents the minimum starting time constraint of the thermal power generating unit; equation (4) represents the minimum shutdown time constraint of the thermal power unit.
3. The peak-valley electricity price-of-time based multi-type power supply collaborative scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein the constraint conditions of the hydroelectric generating set include:
the formula (5) represents the upper and lower output limit constraints of the hydroelectric generating set,andrespectively representing the maximum value and the minimum value of the output of the hydroelectric generating set; equation (6) represents the ramp rate constraint of the hydroelectric generating set,andrespectively representing the downward and upward climbing speed limit values of the hydroelectric generating set; equation (7) represents the water yield constraint of the hydroelectric generating set, W h Representing the maximum amount of water generated.
4. The peak-valley electricity price-of-time based multi-type power supply collaborative scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein the constraint conditions of the nuclear power generating unit include:
the formula (8) represents that the nuclear power unit can only operate in one of a full power state and a low power state; the formulas (10) and (11) respectively represent that the full-power working state and the low-power working state of the nuclear power unit respectively operate at fixed values; equations (12) and (13) represent minimum operating time constraints that the nuclear power unit should meet in full and low power operating states, respectively.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the system safety constraints further include a power balance constraint, a reserve capacity constraint, and a line power flow constraint, the power balance constraint is expressed as formula (14),
wherein,andrespectively representing the output of a thermal power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit, a nuclear power generating unit and a wind generating unit at the time t of the node i;andrespectively representing the electrochemical energy storage charging power and the electrochemical energy storage discharging power at the moment t of the node i; d i,t Representing the load at time t of node i;
the expression for the reserve capacity constraint is shown in equation (15),
wherein,respectively representing the maximum output of a thermal power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit and a nuclear power generating unit at the time t of the node i; r is t Indicating the rotational reserve capacity of the system at time t;
the expression of the line flow constraint is shown in equation (16),
wherein, γ il 、γ jl 、γ kl 、γ ul 、γ vl Respectively representing power distribution factors of a thermal power generating unit, a wind power generating unit, a hydroelectric generating unit, electrochemical energy storage and load on the power transmission line l;represents the transmission power upper limit value of the transmission line i.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S103 specifically comprises the following steps:
s201, dividing the load in the system into fixed loadsAnd flexible loadThe flexible load comprises a transferable loadAnd interruptible loadDetermining transferable loads and interruptible loads at a total load D i,t The proportion of (A) to (B):
wherein, a and beta are respectively the proportion of the transferable load and the interruptible load in the total load, and an elastic matrix of the time-of-use electricity quantity and the electricity price is established according to the demand price elasticity and the demand price cross elasticity:
in the formula (20), Q p 、Q f And Q v Respectively representing the power consumption, Δ Q, in different periods p 、ΔQ f And Δ Q v Respectively representing the degree of change of the power consumption in different periods, P p 、P f And P v Respectively represent the electricity prices in different periods, p, f and v respectively represent the peak, flat and valley periods, epsilon ij The elasticity coefficient represents that the time period electric quantity of the same price and the electricity price are in a reverse variation relation, and the expression of epsilon is as follows:
wherein P and delta P respectively represent electricity price and variation of electricity price, and L and delta L respectively represent electric quantity and variation of electric quantity;
s202, establishing a calculation model of the actual power consumption and the compensation cost of the interruptible load, wherein the actual power consumption of the interruptible load can be represented as follows:
equation (22) describes the interruptible load at time t at node iAnd state variables of the occurrence of interruptsThe relationship between the two or more of them,for the actual load value of the interruptible load,a binary variable representing the occurrence of a load interrupt, and equation (23) representing the limit of the number of times that the system can interrupt the load with an interrupt, where N i The maximum number of times that the interruptible load of the node i can be interrupted in the scheduling period T;
the calculation model expression of interruptible load compensation cost is as follows:
7. The multi-type power supply collaborative scheduling method based on peak-valley time-of-use electricity price according to claim 1, wherein a fuel cost calculation model of the thermal power generating unit is expressed as:
supposing that the output interval of the thermal power generating unit is [ p ] min ,p max ]With n +1 successively larger dots (x) 0 ,x 1 ,…,x k ,x n ) (k =0,1,2, \ 8230;, n) this intervalIs equally divided into n sub-intervals, where x 0 =p min ,x n =p max For each cell, the approximation linearization is performed with secant:
the abscissa is expressed as:
and identifying the section interval in which the thermal power output is positioned through the SOS2 type variable, and performing linear calculation by adopting a corresponding secant.
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