CN113513262B - Horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method - Google Patents

Horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113513262B
CN113513262B CN202110862202.7A CN202110862202A CN113513262B CN 113513262 B CN113513262 B CN 113513262B CN 202110862202 A CN202110862202 A CN 202110862202A CN 113513262 B CN113513262 B CN 113513262B
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drilling
collapse
drill bit
water hole
horizontal
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CN113513262A (en
Inventor
李友谊
史学敏
郭峰
李鹏宇
张大陆
郭凯
乔晋
闫泊计
王春晖
郭斌
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Shanxi Lanyan Coalbed Methane Research Co ltd
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Shanxi Lanyan Coalbed Methane Research Co ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/42Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/42Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E21B10/43Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/60Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E21B10/602Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/08Screens or liners
    • E21B43/086Screens with preformed openings, e.g. slotted liners

Abstract

The invention provides a horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method for horizontal well drilling, which belong to the technical field of drilling construction, wherein the tool comprises a drill bit and a screen pipe, the drill bit is connected with the drill bit at the forefront end to dredge the horizontal section with collapse blockage smoothly, the drill bit is replaced by the screen pipe after the drilling is started, the jet speed and the jet distance of slurry in all directions are increased through jet action, rock fragments are replaced, and finally cement slurry is pumped into the all-round collapse section to seal the collapse section, so that the problems of difficult well dredging, difficult rock fragment return and difficult sealing caused by stratum collapse can be solved.

Description

Horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling construction, and particularly discloses a horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method for horizontal well drilling.
Background
After the horizontal well drilling construction enters the horizontal section, borehole collapse often occurs, and the main reasons are as follows: the mudstone on the top plate of the coal bed is subject to water-sensitive expansion, crushing and stripping; the stratum itself is crushed and loosened; the drill bit is discharged out of the technical sleeve opening to directionally adjust the track of the borehole. The well wall collapse can cause the expansion of a local well bore to be serious, the harm after the well bore expansion is that the mud return speed of the local well section is reduced, and the mud flow rate cannot meet the effect of cleaning the well bore. If drilling is continued, the returned rock fragments can be accumulated on the well section with the lowest return speed, when the rock fragments are accumulated on the joint of the normal well section and the collapse well section after a certain quantity of rock fragments are accumulated, the possibility that the annular space is blocked is increased, the drilling jam can be caused due to improper treatment, and the well hole scrapping can be seriously caused.
The complex situation can be that the drilling is continued after the cement in the collapsed well section is sealed. 1) Pigging: when the conventional drill bit is used for lifting the drilling tool after well dredging, rock fragments on the well wall can fall off, and the well dredging operation effect is poor; 2) Replacement of rock debris and sealing: when the well section is drilled again and meets the phenomenon that a pump is blocked, torque rises and a drilling tool moving up and down is blocked, well wall falling blocks continue to return out in the circulation process, and meanwhile, hard cement blocks are accompanied. This phenomenon indicates that the cement sealing fails, the subsequent drilling construction cannot be performed, and the effect of cement sealing is poor for many times.
The reason why the sealing of the collapse well section by the cement injected for many times is unsuccessful is as follows: 1) The density of cement paste is generally 1.80-1.90g/cm, the density of slurry in a shaft is generally 1.05-1.07g/cm, and cement paste with high density flows in the lower part of an annulus due to density difference to cause a slurry mixing zone; 2) Because the diameter of the collapse well hole is large, the overflow area is also large, the displacement in the cementing process can not enable the collapse well section to form a turbulent state, so that the slurry of the collapse well section can not be completely replaced by cement, and layering phenomenon is generated after the cement slurry is injected, namely: (figure 1) cement slurry (1) with high density is arranged at the lower part of the well hole, the collapse annular part is original well slurry (3), and the middle part is a slurry mixing belt (2); 3) After the beam is condensed, the well is drilled along the original well track, the sealing cement is drilled out, and the sealing cement is communicated with the collapsed annular part again, so that the sealing fails.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method for horizontal well drilling, wherein the tool comprises a drill bit and a screen pipe, the drill bit is connected with the forefront end of the drilling tool to dredge the horizontal section which is blocked by collapse smoothly, the drill bit is replaced by the screen pipe after the drilling is started, the jet speed and distance of mud in all directions are increased through jet action, rock debris is replaced, and finally cement slurry is pumped into the all-dimensional collapse section for sealing, so that the problems of difficult well dredging, difficult return of the rock debris and difficult sealing caused by stratum collapse can be solved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a horizontal section formation collapse treatment tool for horizontal well drilling, comprising a drill bit and a screen pipe;
the drill bit comprises a drill bit main body, a triangular pyramid structure and drill teeth; the drill bit body is of a hollow circular tube structure, two ends are a connecting end and a drilling end, the diameter of the drill bit body is gradually increased from the connecting end to the drilling end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of a drilling tool and provided with a female buckle matched with the thread of the drilling tool, and the diameter of the drilling end is matched with the size of a two-way casing and a borehole; the triangular pyramid structure is formed by fixedly connecting right-angle sides of three right-angle triangular plates, the included angle of two adjacent right-angle triangular plates is 120 degrees, three corners of the triangular pyramid structure are fixed on the drilling end of the drill bit main body, the three right-angle triangular plates divide the drilling end into three sector water holes of 120 degrees, and drilling teeth are arranged on three inclined sides of the triangular pyramid structure;
the screen pipe comprises a screen pipe main body and a conical guide head; the screen pipe main body is of a hollow circular pipe structure, the two ends of the screen pipe main body are a connecting end and a guiding end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of the drilling tool and is provided with a female buckle matched with the threads of the drilling tool, four rows of water hole groups are arranged on the pipe wall along the circumferential direction, included angles between every two adjacent rows of water hole groups are 90 degrees, pipe wall water holes in every two adjacent rows of water hole groups are arranged in a staggered mode, pipe wall water holes in the same row of water hole groups are arranged at equal intervals, and the water hole intervals of the four rows of water hole groups are equal; the large end face of the conical guide head is connected with the sieve tube main body, and the small end face is a guide head water hole; the pipe wall water hole and the guide head water hole are both round water holes.
Further, in the drill, three drill teeth are provided on each oblique side of the triangular pyramid-shaped structure.
Further, the material strength of the drill bit is the same as or higher than that of the drilling tool.
Further, the edges of the fan-shaped water holes are polished to be round corners.
Further, the reducing junction of the screen pipe main body is polished smoothly.
Further, the material strength of the screen pipe is the same as that of the drilling tool.
Further, the length of the sieve tube is 1.50-1.80m, the aperture of the guide head water hole is 8-10.00mm, the aperture of the pipe wall water hole is 8.00mm, and the interval of the pipe wall water holes is 200.00mm.
The invention also provides a method for treating the collapse of the stratum at the horizontal section of the horizontal well drilling, which comprises the following steps:
s1, well dredging, wherein the forefront end of a drilling tool is connected with a drill bit in a horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for horizontal well drilling, so that a horizontal section with collapse blockage is dredged smoothly;
s2, replacing rock debris, after the drill is started, replacing a drill bit with a screen pipe in the horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for horizontal well drilling, putting the screen pipe into a collapse section, pumping slurry for replacing the rock debris, improving the discharge capacity and pumping pressure through the ground to enable the slurry to be ejected from a pipe wall water hole and a guide head water hole at the jet flow speed of 1-1.5m/S, and replacing and cleaning the rock debris in the collapse hole by continuously rotating and moving the drill and the screen pipe;
s3, cement sealing, pumping cement slurry after the slurry is used for replacing and cleaning rock scraps in the collapse holes, lifting the drilling tool and the screen pipe after the cement slurry reaches the screen pipe, and jetting the cement slurry at the jet flow speed of 1-1.5m/S along with the continuous rotation of the drilling tool and the screen pipe, so that the slurry in the collapse holes is continuously stirred and continuously replaced, the replacement efficiency is better when the lifting speed is slower, the drilling tool and the screen pipe are circulated above the preset height on the technical casing pipe after the sealing of the open hole section is finished until the mixed slurry and the redundant cement slurry are discharged out of the shaft, and the whole cementing and plugging operation in the collapse holes is completed.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) The drill bit is applied, so that the well wall block drop caused by scraping in the well drilling process after the well is cleared is greatly reduced, and the well clearing effect is improved;
2) Through ground pressurization, slurry is ejected from water holes of the sieve tube at a high speed, the sieve tube is matched with a drilling tool to slowly rotate, and rock scraps and unstable rock scraps accumulated in all directions in a well bore can be effectively flushed, so that the displacement efficiency is high, and the rock scraps are rapidly displaced out of the well bore; finally pumping cement slurry, spraying the cement slurry into a hole formed by expanding the well diameter at a certain position by utilizing a jet flow principle, displacing the slurry, sealing a stratum, and rotating to enable the cement slurry to fully fill the whole well hole to avoid a slurry mixing section, wherein the cement has good solidification quality and high strength and is not easy to break in the drilling process again;
3) The tool is simple to manufacture;
by the tool and the method, the problems of difficult well dredging, difficult rock debris return and difficult sealing caused by stratum collapse can be solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a chart of a collapsed wellbore section mud profile;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a drill bit;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a screen.
In the figure: 1. cement paste; 2. raw well mud; 3. a slurry mixing belt;
101. a bit body; 102. triangular pyramid structure; 103. drilling teeth; 104. fan-shaped water hole;
201. a screen body; 202. a conical guide head; 203. a pipe wall water hole; 204. leading the head water hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool, which comprises a drill bit and a screen pipe.
The drill bit includes a bit body 101, a triangular pyramid-shaped formation 102, and teeth 103; the drill bit main body 101 is of a hollow circular tube structure, two ends are a connecting end and a drilling end, and the diameter gradually increases from the connecting end to the drilling end; the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of the drilling tool and provided with a female buckle matched with the thread of the drilling tool, so that the connection is convenient; the diameter of the drilling end is matched with the sizes of the two-way casing and the borehole, so that rock fragments can be conveniently ground in the well; the triangular pyramid structure 102 is formed by fixedly connecting right-angle sides of three right-angle triangular plates, the included angle between two adjacent right-angle triangular plates is 120 degrees, three corners of the triangular pyramid structure 102 are fixed on the drilling end of the drill bit main body 101, the three right-angle triangular plates divide the drilling end into three sector water holes 104 of 120 degrees, and drilling teeth 103 are arranged on three hypotenuses of the triangular pyramid structure 102.
The screen comprises a screen body 201 and a conical guide head 202; the screen pipe main body 201 is of a hollow circular pipe structure, two ends are a connecting end and a guiding end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of a drilling tool and provided with a female buckle matched with the thread of the drilling tool, pipe wall water holes 203 are arranged on a pipe wall at a non-fixed plane 90-degree phase angle, namely four rows of water hole groups are arranged on the pipe wall along the circumferential direction, included angles between every two adjacent rows of water hole groups are 90 degrees, the pipe wall water holes 203 in the two adjacent rows of water hole groups are arranged in a staggered mode, the pipe wall water holes 203 in the same row of water hole groups are arranged at equal intervals, and the water hole intervals of the four rows of water hole groups are equal; the large end face of the conical guide head 202 is connected with the screen pipe main body 201, and the small end face is a guide head water hole 204; both the pipe wall water hole 203 and the guide head water hole 204 are circular water holes.
Further, in the drill, three drill teeth 103 are provided on each of the sloping sides of the triangular pyramid-shaped structure 102.
Further, the material strength of the drill bit is the same as or higher than that of the drilling tool.
Further, the edges of the fan-shaped water holes are polished to be round corners.
Further, the reducing junction of the screen main body 201 is polished smoothly, so that the step formation of the well wall is prevented.
Further, the material strength of the screen pipe is the same as that of the drilling tool.
Further, the length of the sieve tube is 1.50-1.80m, the aperture of the guide head water hole 204 is 8-10.00mm, the aperture of the pipe wall water hole 203 is 8.00mm, and the interval of the pipe wall water holes is 200.00mm.
Example 2
The embodiment also provides a method for treating stratum collapse of a horizontal section of a horizontal well drilling well, which comprises the following steps:
s1, well dredging, wherein the forefront end of a drilling tool is connected with a drill bit in a horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for horizontal well drilling, so that a horizontal section with collapse blockage is dredged smoothly;
s2, replacing rock fragments, after the drill is started, replacing a drill bit with a screen pipe in the horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for horizontal well drilling, putting the drill bit into a collapse section, pumping slurry for replacing the rock fragments, improving the discharge capacity and pumping pressure through the ground to enable the slurry to be ejected from a pipe wall water hole 203 and a guide head water hole 204 at the jet flow speed of 1-1.5m/S, and replacing and cleaning the rock fragments in the collapse hole by continuously rotating and moving the drill and the screen pipe;
s3, cement sealing, pumping cement slurry after the slurry is used for replacing and cleaning rock scraps in the collapse holes, lifting the drilling tool and the screen pipe after the cement slurry reaches the screen pipe, and jetting the cement slurry at the jet flow speed of 1-1.5m/S along with the continuous rotation of the drilling tool and the screen pipe, so that the slurry in the collapse holes is continuously stirred and continuously replaced, the replacement efficiency is better when the lifting speed is slower, the drilling tool and the screen pipe are lifted into the technical casing by more than 20m after the sealing of the open hole section is finished, until the mixed slurry and the redundant cement slurry are discharged out of the shaft, and the cementing and sealing operation in the whole collapse holes is completed.
Example 3
The drilling tool diameter is 89mm, the slurry density is 1.05-1.07g/cm, the cement slurry density is 1.80-1.90g/cm, the drilling pump displacement (Q) is calculated according to 20 liters/second, the screen pipe water hole number (N) is calculated according to 17, the water hole diameter (R) is calculated according to 8mm, and the drilling platform pump pressure is 5-6Mpa for example, so as to calculate the impact force of slurry jet.
The total area of the overcurrent is as follows:
the total area of the overcurrent is as follows:
A= N×(R/2) 2 ×π
=17×(8/2) 2 ×π= 8.54cm 2
the flow rate is:
V= Q/A
=20/8.54 = 2.34m/s
the impact force of the jet is:
F= g×ρ×Q 2 /A
=10×1.07×20 2 /8.54 = 501.17N
wherein:
a-novel Screen duct total flow area, unit: cm 2
Q—drilling pump displacement, unit: l/s
F, each water hole impact force, unit: n (N)
V—per water eye slurry flow rate, unit: m/s
g-gravity acceleration
ρ—mud density, unit: g/cm.
The impact force of the slurry jet flow is large enough through calculation, so that the rock debris in the collapse hole can be effectively disturbed, and quick replacement is realized. Because the diameter of the collapse well section of the well bore is not expected to be 5 times larger than the diameter of the drill bit, the control of the flow speed and the jet impact force is a key element, the change of the displacement in the process is the most direct method, and the change of the rotating speed of the diesel engine is most convenient by controlling the displacement.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment method is characterized in that a horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool is adopted;
the horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool comprises a drill bit and a screen pipe;
the drill bit comprises a drill bit main body, a triangular pyramid structure and drill teeth;
the drill bit body is of a hollow circular tube structure, two ends are a connecting end and a drilling end, the diameter of the drill bit body is gradually increased from the connecting end to the drilling end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of a drilling tool and provided with a female buckle matched with the thread of the drilling tool, and the diameter of the drilling end is matched with the size of a two-way casing and a borehole;
the triangular pyramid structure is formed by fixedly connecting right-angle sides of three right-angle triangular plates, the included angle of two adjacent right-angle triangular plates is 120 degrees, three corners of the triangular pyramid structure are fixed on the drilling end of the drill bit main body, the three right-angle triangular plates divide the drilling end into three sector water holes of 120 degrees, and drilling teeth are arranged on three inclined sides of the triangular pyramid structure;
the screen pipe comprises a screen pipe main body and a conical guide head;
the screen pipe main body is of a hollow circular pipe structure, the two ends of the screen pipe main body are a connecting end and a guiding end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of the drilling tool and is provided with a female buckle matched with the threads of the drilling tool, four rows of water hole groups are arranged on the pipe wall along the circumferential direction, included angles between every two adjacent rows of water hole groups are 90 degrees, pipe wall water holes in every two adjacent rows of water hole groups are arranged in a staggered mode, pipe wall water holes in the same row of water hole groups are arranged at equal intervals, and the water hole intervals of the four rows of water hole groups are equal;
the large end face of the conical guide head is connected with the sieve tube main body, and the small end face is a guide head water hole;
the pipe wall water hole and the guide head water hole are both circular water holes;
the method for treating the collapse of the stratum at the horizontal section of the horizontal well drilling comprises the following steps:
s1, well dredging, wherein the forefront end of a drilling tool is connected with a drill bit in a horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for horizontal well drilling, so that a horizontal section with collapse blockage is dredged smoothly;
s2, replacing rock debris, after the drill is started, replacing a drill bit with a screen pipe in the horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool of the horizontal well drilling, putting the screen pipe into a collapse section, pumping slurry for replacing the rock debris, improving the discharge capacity and pumping pressure through the ground to enable the slurry to be ejected from a pipe wall water hole and a guide head water hole at the jet flow speed of 1-1.5m/S, and replacing and cleaning the rock debris in the collapse hole by continuously rotating and moving the drill and the screen pipe;
s3, cement sealing, pumping cement slurry after the slurry is used for replacing and cleaning rock scraps in the collapse holes, lifting the drilling tool and the screen pipe after the cement slurry reaches the screen pipe, and jetting the cement slurry at the jet flow speed of 1-1.5m/S along with the continuous rotation of the drilling tool and the screen pipe, so that the slurry in the collapse holes is continuously stirred and continuously replaced, the replacement efficiency is better when the lifting speed is slower, the drilling tool and the screen pipe are circulated above the preset height on the technical casing pipe after the sealing of the open hole section is finished until the mixed slurry and the redundant cement slurry are discharged out of the shaft, and the whole cementing and plugging operation in the collapse holes is completed.
2. The method for treating collapse of a horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum according to claim 1, wherein three drilling teeth are arranged on each sloping side of the triangular pyramid-shaped structure in the drill bit.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the drill bit has a material strength equal to or higher than the material of the drilling tool.
4. A method of treating horizontal well drilling horizontal leg formation collapse as claimed in claim 3 wherein the scalloped port edges are ground to rounded corners.
5. The method of treating horizontal well drilling horizontal leg formation collapse as set forth in claim 4 wherein the screen body reducing interface is polished smooth.
6. The method for treating collapse of a horizontal well drilling horizontal leg formation according to claim 1, wherein the screen is made of the same material as the drilling tool.
7. The method for treating collapse of a horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum according to claim 1, wherein the length of the sieve tube is 1.50-1.80m, the aperture of the guide head water hole is 8-10.00mm, the aperture of the pipe wall water hole is 8.00mm, and the interval between the pipe wall water holes is 200.00mm.
CN202110862202.7A 2021-07-28 2021-07-28 Horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method Active CN113513262B (en)

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