CN113047774A - Broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination and directional drilling method - Google Patents
Broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination and directional drilling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113047774A CN113047774A CN202110292087.4A CN202110292087A CN113047774A CN 113047774 A CN113047774 A CN 113047774A CN 202110292087 A CN202110292087 A CN 202110292087A CN 113047774 A CN113047774 A CN 113047774A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/22—Rods or pipes with helical structure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/003—Drilling with mechanical conveying means
- E21B7/005—Drilling with mechanical conveying means with helical conveying means
Abstract
The invention discloses a broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination and a directional drilling method. When the eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool rotates back and forth, the forward and reverse fins can fully discharge slag and repair the drilled hole; the method comprises the following steps of firstly orienting and then revolving to sweep holes in a crushed stratum section, grinding and repairing the hole wall of a crushed zone, and stirring, rolling and grinding crushed coal and rock blocks and particles; when the composite directional drilling is carried out, the track control is realized by changing the rotating speed, the pump pressure and the drilling speed; the drilling tool retreats step by step to sweep the hole when the hole collapse suppressing section is encountered, the repairing drilling tools of the eccentric spiral holes take over step by step, and the whole drilling hole can be ensured to be smooth without lifting the drilling tool to sweep the hole. The invention can effectively solve the problem of slag discharge of a broken stratum, improve the hole forming rate and the hole forming depth of the drill hole, realize the directional control of the drill hole track and meet the construction requirement of directional drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground coal mine drilling, and particularly relates to a broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination and a directional drilling method.
Background
The coal mine underground directional drilling technology is widely applied due to the fact that the drilling track is controllable, and long drilling construction is achieved in the mode that the drilling track is effectively extended in a target stratum. When a broken coal seam or a rock stratum is directionally drilled, because the broken and collapsed hole of the stratum cannot be drilled into a hole, the accident of drill sticking or drill burying can also occur. Aiming at the problem, the technical schemes of construction in a wide-wing spiral drill rod or three-edge (spiral) drill rod composite directional drilling mode, drill lifting, rotary reaming, hole diameter enlargement, cement slurry injection reinforcement and the like are commonly adopted at present. The composite drilling construction is carried out by matching a wide-wing spiral drill rod or a triangular (spiral) drill rod with a hydraulic screw drilling tool and a measurement-while-drilling device, and the slag discharging effect is enhanced when the spiral wing or the triangular structure of the drill rod rotates, so that the hole forming rate is improved; however, for some larger and harder coal rock blocks generated in hole collapse, due to the limitation of the structure of a wide-wing auger stem or a triangular (spiral) auger stem, a spiral groove is shallow and generally only 3-5mm, and cannot be effectively rolled and crushed, when drilling slag in a hole is accumulated, abnormal conditions that parameters such as drilling pressure, slurry pump pressure and the like are rapidly increased can occur, so that normal construction cannot be performed, drilling can be performed only after drilling parameters are normal due to the fact that a drilling tool needs to be repeatedly moved and punched, and the effect is often not ideal; the drilling method is complex in procedure and large in engineering quantity, the drill needs to be repeatedly processed when meeting a plurality of broken zones, time and labor are wasted, and the stability of the drill hole is deteriorated due to the increase of the aperture; the cement grouting reinforcement mode has large grouting amount and poor grouting effect on deep holes.
In order to effectively solve the problem of directional hole forming of a broken stratum, an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool matched with a hydraulic screw drilling tool and a measurement while drilling system is researched to carry out directional drilling method for construction, so that the problems of slag discharge and hole wall repairing of a stratum broken zone can be effectively solved, and the hole forming rate and the hole forming depth of a drilled hole are improved; meanwhile, the requirement of the fishing process of the conventional sleeve milling drilling tool is met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-stage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly for crushing a stratum and a directional drilling method, which solve the problems of effective slag discharge and hole wall repairing during stratum crushing so as to improve the hole forming rate and the hole forming depth of a drilled hole.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool comprises a hollow drilling tool body, an eccentric forward spiral wing piece and an eccentric reverse spiral wing piece which are arranged on the outer wall of the drilling tool body, and a male joint and a female joint which are respectively positioned at two ends of the drilling tool body;
the spiral direction of the eccentric forward spiral wing piece is clockwise, and the spiral direction of the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece is anticlockwise; the number of the eccentric forward spiral wing pieces and the number of the eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces are two, the circumferential included angle between the two eccentric forward spiral wing pieces is 90 degrees, and the circumferential included angle between the two eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces is 90 degrees; the two eccentric forward spiral fins correspond to the two eccentric reverse spiral fins respectively in axial positions; the included angles between the eccentric forward spiral wing panel and the eccentric reverse spiral wing panel and the central axis of the drilling tool body are 15-30 degrees; the heights of the eccentric forward spiral wing piece and the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece are both greater than 20 mm;
the one side edge of eccentric forward helical blade and eccentric reverse helical blade all sets up compound piece cutting teeth, and the opposite side of eccentric forward helical blade and eccentric reverse helical blade all sets up the guarantor footpath tooth, and eccentric forward helical blade and eccentric reverse helical blade's guarantor footpath tooth is adjacent, and eccentric forward helical blade and eccentric reverse helical blade's cutting teeth are close to the both ends of drilling tool body respectively.
The invention also comprises the following technical characteristics:
specifically, the drilling tool body is of a hollow structure; and the outer wall of the male connector and the inner wall of the female connector are both provided with threads.
A broken formation multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination comprises a directional drill bit, an external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool, a mud pulse measurement while drilling device, an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool and an integral spiral drilling rod, wherein the directional drill bit, the external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool and the mud pulse measurement while drilling device are sequentially connected, and the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool and the integral spiral drilling rod are sequentially and repeatedly and alternately connected;
the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool comprises a spiral outer pipe body, a bent outer pipe connected with the spiral outer pipe body, and a rotor, a transmission shaft and a main shaft which are arranged in the spiral outer pipe body and the bent outer pipe and are sequentially connected; the main shaft extends out of the bent outer pipe and is connected with the directional drill bit;
the mud pulse measurement-while-drilling device comprises a non-magnetic spiral outer pipe and a mud pulse device arranged in the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe, and data signals are sent and transmitted through the mud pulse device; one end of the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe is communicated with the spiral outer pipe body; the other end of the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe is connected with a male joint of an adjacent eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool;
the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools are sequentially and repeatedly connected with the integral spiral drill rods in an alternating mode; the integral spiral drill rod is of a hollow structure.
Specifically, in the drilling tool for repairing the eccentric spiral eyelet, one end close to the bottom of a drilling hole is the lower part of the drilling tool body, one end close to a drilling hole is the upper part of the drilling tool body, an eccentric reverse spiral wing piece of each drilling tool for repairing the eccentric spiral eyelet is arranged on the lower part of the drilling tool body, and an eccentric forward spiral wing piece is arranged on the upper part of the drilling tool body.
Specifically, when the eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool rotates, the diameter of a circular track formed by the rotation of the eccentric reverse spiral wing and the eccentric forward spiral wing is slightly larger than the outer diameters of the external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool, the mud pulse measurement-while-drilling device and the whole spiral drill rod; the radial size of the eccentric reverse spiral wing or the eccentric forward spiral wing and the drilling tool body of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool is not larger than the outer diameter of the directional drilling bit.
Specifically, the distance between adjacent eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools is 20-80 m.
Specifically, the depth of a spiral groove on an outer spiral pipe body of the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool is 5 mm.
A directional drilling method for a fractured stratum is realized by adopting the fractured stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination, and comprises the following steps:
when the drilling hole section is positioned in a stable stratum:
step a1, all outer pipes in the broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination are not rotated, the bent outer pipe of the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool is adjusted to control the drilling track of the directional drill bit, and flushing liquid of a central flow passage drives the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool to drive the directional drill bit to perform sliding directional drilling;
step a2, after sliding directional drilling for 6-12m, carrying out back and forth rotary hole sweeping on the slow rotary broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination, scraping the hole wall by the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool to realize hole wall repairing, and simultaneously, fully rolling and grinding the drill slag deposited in the hole by the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool and then discharging the hole with flushing liquid;
when the drill encounters a broken stratum, adopting sliding directional drilling and rotary hole sweeping drilling:
after drilling one stroke or one drill rod in a sliding directional drilling mode, retreating one stroke or rotating one drill rod back and forth to sweep the hole, fully discharging collapsed holes or cut drilling slag in the hole through the rotation of the drilling tool assembly, continuing the sliding directional drilling of the next stroke after drilling parameters are normal, repeating the steps and drilling section by section;
thirdly, when the drill can not directionally drill in a broken stratum, adopting rotary hole sweeping drilling:
the hole wall of the broken stratum is ground and repaired back and forth by the eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool through the back and forth rotary hole sweeping of the drilling tool assembly, the broken coal rock block is fully stirred, rolled and ground, and the slag discharge capacity of a flushing medium is improved by adding flushing fluid, so that the normal drilling of the broken stratum is realized; after each drilling stroke, the hole is swept back and forth, and the drilling of the next stroke is continued after slag is fully discharged;
fourthly, when the drill meets a collapse hole pressure building section:
the drilling tool assembly is rotated, holes are repeatedly swept back and forth section by section, the eccentric reverse spiral wing and the eccentric forward spiral wing sweep the holes to remove slag under the rotating action of the drilling tool through the eccentric spiral eyelet and repair the drilled holes;
slowly withdrawing the drill when the drill meets abnormal pressure until the drilling tool in the drill hole is withdrawn from the upper section of the crushing area and the drilling parameters are normal, repairing the drilling tool by using a plurality of eccentric spiral holes to realize hole sweeping of the whole hole section, then re-introducing water and rotating the drilling tool to sweep the hole and drill down;
the drilling tools are repaired through the eccentric spiral holes to replace and sweep the holes step by step, the whole drilling hole can be ensured to be smooth without lifting and sweeping the drill in the whole drilling hole section, and the hole can be swept and drilled again under normal pressure.
Specifically, when rotary hole sweeping drilling is adopted, the inclination angle of the drilling track is increased or decreased by adjusting the rotary speed of the drilling tool assembly, the discharge capacity of a slurry pump and the feeding speed during drilling so as to control the drilling track.
Specifically, if the inclination angle needs to be increased, a small mud pump discharge is adopted, the drilling feeding speed is increased, and the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool at the front end plays a role in supporting or cushioning due to the fact that coal rock blocks and particles which are crushed by cutting and collapsed are not discharged in time to cause accumulation, and the inclination angle gradually increases; if the inclination angle needs to be reduced, the rotation speed of the drilling tool assembly is increased, the drilling speed is reduced, the discharge capacity of a mud pump is increased, drilling residues at the bottom of a hole are fully discharged during slow drilling, the drilling tool assembly fully plays a downward cutting role on a stratum under the action of self weight, and the inclination angle generates a gradual reduction trend.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) the invention adopts the multi-stage hole wall repairing directional drilling tool combination for drilling construction, has good grinding and grinding effects on coal rock blocks and particles due to the large height of the spiral wing, can effectively solve the problems of slag discharge and hole wall repairing of stratum crushing zones, can improve the hole forming rate and the hole forming depth of directional drilling of crushed strata, and can realize the track directional control of the conditions of the crushed strata.
(2) The multi-stage hole wall repairing directional drilling tool combination is flexibly connected and applied, the requirements of different stratum conditions are met, the multi-eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools take over step by step, and when abnormality occurs, the whole drilling hole can be ensured to be smooth without lifting and sweeping the whole hole section.
(3) The eccentric forward spiral wing and the eccentric reverse spiral wing of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool are simple in structure and small in size, when the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool rotates, the diameter of a circular track formed by the rotation of the eccentric reverse spiral wing and the eccentric forward spiral wing is close to the outer diameter of a directional drill bit, and therefore the hole wall repairing effect is achieved; meanwhile, the radial size of the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece or the eccentric forward spiral wing piece and the drilling tool body is not larger than the outer diameter of the directional drilling bit, the requirements of the conventional milling and fishing specification and size are met, and the milling and fishing process is not influenced when a drilling jamming accident occurs.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure of the drilling tool assembly of the present invention and a construction diagram thereof.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drill structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the pressure-building hole-sweeping drilling of the crushing zone of the invention.
Reference signs mean:
1. the method comprises the following steps of (1) directional drilling bit, 2 external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool, 3 mud pulse measurement while drilling device, 4 eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool, 5 integral spiral drilling rod, 6 crushed or collapsed coal rock mass, 7 crushed stratum and 8 stable stratum; 41. the drilling tool comprises a drilling tool body, 42 eccentric forward spiral fins, 43 eccentric reverse spiral fins, 44 male connectors, 45 female connectors, 46 cutting teeth and 47 gauge teeth.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an eccentric spiral hole repairing drill, which includes a hollow drill body 41, an eccentric forward spiral wing 42 and an eccentric reverse spiral wing 43 provided on an outer wall of the drill body 41, and a male connector 44 and a female connector 45 respectively provided at both ends of the drill body 41.
The spiral direction of the eccentric forward spiral wing 42 is clockwise, and the spiral direction of the eccentric reverse spiral wing 43 is counterclockwise; the number of the eccentric forward spiral wing pieces 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces 43 is two, the circumferential included angle between the two eccentric forward spiral wing pieces 42 is 90 degrees, and the circumferential included angle between the two eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces 43 is 90 degrees; the two eccentric forward spiral vanes 42 correspond to the two eccentric reverse spiral vanes 43 in axial position respectively; the included angles between the eccentric forward spiral wing 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing 43 and the central axis of the drill body 41 are 15-30 degrees; the fin heights of the eccentric forward spiral fin 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral fin 43 are both greater than 20 mm.
Composite sheet cutting teeth 46 are arranged on one side edges of the eccentric forward spiral wing panel 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing panel 43, gauge teeth 47 are arranged on the other sides of the eccentric forward spiral wing panel 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing panel 43, the gauge teeth 47 of the eccentric forward spiral wing panel 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing panel 43 are adjacent, and the cutting teeth 46 of the eccentric forward spiral wing panel 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing panel 43 are respectively close to two ends of the drill body 41; the functions of rolling, crushing, slag stirring and hole wall repairing are achieved when the hole is swept forwards and backwards.
The hollow structure of the tool body 41 is used to pass flushing medium through the central through hole.
The outer wall of the male joint 44 and the inner wall of the female joint 45 are both provided with threads for being in threaded connection with the integral auger stems at both ends.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a broken formation multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly, which comprises a directional drill bit 1, an external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool 2, a mud pulse measurement while drilling device 3, and an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool 4 and an integral spiral drill pipe 5 according to claim 1, which are connected in sequence and repeatedly and alternately.
The external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool 2 comprises a spiral outer pipe body, a bent outer pipe connected with the spiral outer pipe body, and a rotor, a transmission shaft and a main shaft which are arranged in the spiral outer pipe body and the bent outer pipe and are sequentially connected; the main shaft extends out of the bent outer pipe and is connected with the directional drilling bit 1. The external screw hydraulic screw drill 2 in this embodiment is a conventional external screw hydraulic screw drill structure.
The mud pulse measurement-while-drilling device 3 comprises a non-magnetic spiral outer pipe and a mud pulse device arranged in the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe, and sends and transmits data signals through the mud pulse device; one end of the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe is communicated with the spiral outer pipe body; the other end of the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe is connected with an eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool 4 adjacent to the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe. The mud pulse measurement while drilling device 3 is a mud pulse measurement while drilling device with a conventional structure.
The plurality of eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools 4 are sequentially and repeatedly connected with the plurality of integral spiral drill rods 5 in an alternating manner; the integral auger stem 5 is of a hollow structure.
In the eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool 4, one end close to the bottom of a drilling hole is the lower part of the drilling tool body, one end close to the opening of the drilling hole is the upper part of the drilling tool body, an eccentric reverse spiral wing panel 43 of each eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool 4 is arranged at the lower part of the drilling tool body, and an eccentric forward spiral wing panel 42 is arranged at the upper part of the drilling tool body.
When the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool 4 rotates, the diameter of a circular track formed by the rotation of the eccentric reverse spiral wing 43 and the eccentric forward spiral wing 42 is slightly larger than the outer diameters of the external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool 2, the mud pulse measurement while drilling device 3 and the integral spiral drill rod 5; the radial dimension of the eccentric reverse helical fins 43 or the eccentric forward helical fins 42 of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drill 4 and the drill body 41 is not larger than the outer diameter of the pilot bit 1.
The spacing between adjacent eccentric spiral hole repairing drills 4 is 20-80 m.
The depth of the spiral groove on the outer spiral pipe body of the outer spiral hydraulic screw drill 2 is 5 mm.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a directional drilling method for a broken stratum, which comprises the following steps when a drilling hole section is positioned in a stable stratum:
step a1, all outer pipes in the broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination are not rotated, the bent outer pipe of the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool is adjusted to control the drilling track of the directional drill bit, and flushing liquid of a central flow passage drives the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool to drive the directional drill bit to perform sliding directional drilling; constructing according to a designed track in the sliding directional drilling process and drilling a reserved branch point upwards at a proper position of a stable stratum;
and a2, after the directional drilling is carried out for 6-12m each time, the slow-speed rotary broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination carries out back and forth rotary hole sweeping, the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool plays a scraping role in hole wall repairing, and meanwhile, the drill slag deposited in the hole is fully rolled and ground by the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool and then is discharged out of the hole along with flushing liquid.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a directional drilling method for a broken stratum, which adopts sliding directional drilling and rotary hole sweeping drilling when drilling the broken stratum:
and after drilling one stroke or one drill rod in a sliding directional drilling mode, retreating one stroke or rotating one drill rod back and forth to sweep the hole, fully discharging collapsed holes or cut drilling slag in the hole by rotating the drilling tool assembly, continuing the sliding directional drilling in the next stroke after drilling parameters are normal, and repeating the steps to drill section by section.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a directional drilling method for a broken stratum, which adopts rotary hole sweeping drilling when the drilling is in contact with the broken stratum and cannot perform directional drilling:
the hole wall of the broken stratum is ground and repaired back and forth by the eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool through the back and forth rotary hole sweeping of the drilling tool assembly, the broken coal rock block is fully stirred, rolled and ground, and the slag discharge capacity of a flushing medium is improved by adding flushing fluid, so that the normal drilling of the broken stratum is realized; after each drilling stroke, the hole is swept back and forth, and the drilling of the next stroke is continued after slag is fully discharged.
When rotary hole sweeping drilling is adopted, the drilling track is controlled by adjusting the rotary speed of the drilling tool assembly, the discharge capacity of a mud pump and the feeding speed during drilling to increase or decrease the inclination angle of the drilling track.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: if the inclination angle needs to be increased, a small slurry pump discharge capacity is adopted, the drilling feeding speed is increased, and the inclination angle gradually increases because the coal rock blocks and particles collapsed by cutting, crushing and collapsing are not discharged in time to cause accumulation, the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool at the front end plays a role in supporting or cushioning; if the inclination angle needs to be reduced, the rotation speed of the drilling tool assembly is increased, the drilling speed is reduced, the discharge capacity of a mud pump is increased, drilling residues at the bottom of a hole are fully discharged during slow drilling, the drilling tool assembly fully plays a downward cutting role on a stratum under the action of self weight, and the inclination angle generates a gradual reduction trend.
Example 6:
the embodiment provides a directional drilling method for a broken stratum, as shown in fig. 3, when drilling a hole-collapse pressure-building section:
the drilling tool assembly is rotated, holes are repeatedly swept back and forth section by section, the eccentric reverse spiral wing and the eccentric forward spiral wing sweep the holes to remove slag under the rotating action of the drilling tool through the eccentric spiral eyelet and repair the drilled holes;
slowly withdrawing the drill when the drill meets abnormal pressure until the drilling tool in the drill hole is withdrawn from the upper section of the crushing area and the drilling parameters are normal, repairing the drilling tool by using a plurality of eccentric spiral holes to realize hole sweeping of the whole hole section, then re-introducing water and rotating the drilling tool to sweep the hole and drill down;
the drilling tools are repaired through the eccentric spiral holes to replace and sweep the holes step by step, the whole drilling hole can be ensured to be smooth without lifting and sweeping the drill in the whole drilling hole section, and the hole can be swept and drilled again under normal pressure.
Claims (10)
1. An eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool is characterized by comprising a hollow drilling tool body (41), an eccentric forward spiral wing piece (42) and an eccentric reverse spiral wing piece (43) which are arranged on the outer wall of the drilling tool body (41), and a male joint (44) and a female joint (45) which are respectively positioned at two ends of the drilling tool body (41);
the spiral direction of the eccentric forward spiral wing piece (42) is clockwise, and the spiral direction of the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece (43) is anticlockwise; the number of the eccentric forward spiral wing pieces (42) and the number of the eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces (43) are two, the circumferential included angle between the two eccentric forward spiral wing pieces (42) is 90 degrees, and the circumferential included angle between the two eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces (43) is 90 degrees; the two eccentric forward spiral wing pieces (42) respectively correspond to the axial positions of the two eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces (43); the included angles between the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) and the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) and the central axis of the drilling tool body (41) are 15-30 degrees; the heights of the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) and the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) are both larger than 20 mm;
one side edge of eccentric forward spiral wing piece (42) and eccentric reverse spiral wing piece (43) all sets up compound piece cutting teeth (46), the opposite side of eccentric forward spiral wing piece (42) and eccentric reverse spiral wing piece (43) all sets up guarantor footpath tooth (47), guarantor footpath tooth (47) of eccentric forward spiral wing piece (42) and eccentric reverse spiral wing piece (43) are adjacent, the cutting teeth (46) of eccentric forward spiral wing piece (42) and eccentric reverse spiral wing piece (43) are close to the both ends of drilling tool body (41) respectively.
2. The eccentric spiral eyelet rehabilitation drill tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow structure of the drill body (41); and the outer wall of the male connector (44) and the inner wall of the female connector (45) are both provided with threads.
3. A broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination is characterized by comprising a directional drill bit (1), an external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool (2), a mud pulse measurement while drilling device (3) which are sequentially connected, and an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool (4) and an integral spiral drilling rod (5) which are sequentially and repeatedly connected in an alternating mode according to claim 1;
the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool (2) comprises a spiral outer pipe body, a bent outer pipe connected with the spiral outer pipe body, a rotor, a transmission shaft and a main shaft, wherein the rotor, the transmission shaft and the main shaft are arranged in the spiral outer pipe body and the bent outer pipe and are sequentially connected; the main shaft extends out of the bent outer pipe and is connected with the directional drill bit (1);
the mud pulse measurement-while-drilling device (3) comprises a nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe and a mud pulse device arranged in the nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe, and data signals are sent and transmitted through the mud pulse device; one end of the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe is communicated with the spiral outer pipe body; the other end of the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe is connected with an eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool (4) adjacent to the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe;
the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools (4) are sequentially and repeatedly connected with the integral spiral drill rods (5) in an alternating mode; the integral spiral drill rod (5) is of a hollow structure.
4. The broken formation multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly according to claim 3, wherein in the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool (4), the end close to the bottom of the drilling hole is the lower part of the drilling tool body, the end close to the drilling hole is the upper part of the drilling tool body, the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) of each eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool (4) is arranged at the lower part of the drilling tool body, and the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) is arranged at the upper part of the drilling tool body.
5. The fractured formation multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly according to claim 3, wherein when the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool (4) rotates, the diameter of a circular track formed by the rotation of the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) and the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool (2), the mud pulse measurement while drilling device (3) and the integral auger stem (5); the radial dimension of the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) or the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drill (4) and the drill body (41) is not larger than the outer diameter of the pilot bit (1).
6. The fractured formation multistage borehole wall restoration drill assembly according to claim 3, wherein the spacing between adjacent eccentric spiral borehole restoration drills (4) is 20-80 m.
7. The fractured formation multistage pore wall restoration drill tool assembly according to claim 3, wherein the outer spiral hydraulic screw drill (2) has a spiral groove depth of 5mm on an outer spiral pipe body.
8. A fractured stratum directional drilling method is realized by the fractured stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly of any one of claims 3 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
when the drilling hole section is positioned in a stable stratum:
step a1, all outer pipes in the broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination are not rotated, the bent outer pipe of the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool is adjusted to control the drilling track of the directional drill bit, and flushing liquid of a central flow passage drives the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool to drive the directional drill bit to perform sliding directional drilling;
step a2, after sliding directional drilling for 6-12m, carrying out back and forth rotary hole sweeping on the slow rotary broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination, scraping the hole wall by the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool to realize hole wall repairing, and simultaneously, fully rolling and grinding the drill slag deposited in the hole by the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool and then discharging the hole with flushing liquid;
when the drill encounters a broken stratum, adopting sliding directional drilling and rotary hole sweeping drilling:
after drilling one stroke or one drill rod in a sliding directional drilling mode, retreating one stroke or rotating one drill rod back and forth to sweep the hole, fully discharging collapsed holes or cut drilling slag in the hole through the rotation of the drilling tool assembly, continuing the sliding directional drilling of the next stroke after drilling parameters are normal, repeating the steps and drilling section by section;
thirdly, when the drill can not directionally drill in a broken stratum, adopting rotary hole sweeping drilling:
the hole wall of the broken stratum is ground and repaired back and forth by the eccentric spiral eyelet repairing drilling tool through the back and forth rotary hole sweeping of the drilling tool assembly, the broken coal rock block is fully stirred, rolled and ground, and the slag discharge capacity of a flushing medium is improved by adding flushing fluid, so that the normal drilling of the broken stratum is realized; after each drilling stroke, the hole is swept back and forth, and the drilling of the next stroke is continued after slag is fully discharged;
fourthly, when the drill meets a collapse hole pressure building section:
the drilling tool assembly is rotated, holes are repeatedly swept back and forth section by section, the eccentric reverse spiral wing and the eccentric forward spiral wing sweep the holes to remove slag under the rotating action of the drilling tool through the eccentric spiral eyelet and repair the drilled holes;
slowly withdrawing the drill when the drill meets abnormal pressure until the drilling tool in the drill hole is withdrawn from the upper section of the crushing area and the drilling parameters are normal, repairing the drilling tool by using a plurality of eccentric spiral holes to realize hole sweeping of the whole hole section, then re-introducing water and rotating the drilling tool to sweep the hole and drill down;
the drilling tools are repaired through the eccentric spiral holes to replace and sweep the holes step by step, the whole drilling hole can be ensured to be smooth without lifting and sweeping the drill in the whole drilling hole section, and the hole can be swept and drilled again under normal pressure.
9. The directional drilling method for broken stratums according to claim 8, wherein the control of the drilling track is realized by adjusting the rotation speed of the drilling tool assembly, the discharge capacity of a mud pump and the feeding speed during drilling to increase or decrease the inclination angle of the drilling track when rotary hole sweeping drilling is adopted.
10. The method of directional drilling into fractured strata as claimed in claim 9 wherein if the inclination angle is increased, a small mud pump displacement is used and the drilling feed rate is increased, the external screw hydraulic screw drilling tool at the front end is supported or cushioned by the accumulation caused by cutting, breaking and collapse of the fractured coal and rock pieces and particles which are not discharged in time, and the inclination angle gradually increases; if the inclination angle needs to be reduced, the rotation speed of the drilling tool assembly is increased, the drilling speed is reduced, the discharge capacity of a mud pump is increased, drilling residues at the bottom of a hole are fully discharged during slow drilling, the drilling tool assembly fully plays a downward cutting role on a stratum under the action of self weight, and the inclination angle generates a gradual reduction trend.
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