CN113047774B - Drilling tool assembly for repairing multi-stage hole walls of broken stratum and directional drilling method - Google Patents
Drilling tool assembly for repairing multi-stage hole walls of broken stratum and directional drilling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113047774B CN113047774B CN202110292087.4A CN202110292087A CN113047774B CN 113047774 B CN113047774 B CN 113047774B CN 202110292087 A CN202110292087 A CN 202110292087A CN 113047774 B CN113047774 B CN 113047774B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 278
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009532 heart rate measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/22—Rods or pipes with helical structure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/003—Drilling with mechanical conveying means
- E21B7/005—Drilling with mechanical conveying means with helical conveying means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly and a directional drilling method. The forward and reverse fins can fully remove slag and repair the drilled holes when the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool reciprocally rotates; the method comprises the steps of firstly, directionally and then rotatably sweeping holes in a broken stratum section, grinding and repairing broken hole walls, and stirring, rolling and grinding broken coal rock blocks and particles; when in compound directional drilling, the rotating speed, the pumping pressure and the drilling speed are changed to realize track control; the drill is retracted and scanned step by step when meeting the Kong Bie pressure section of collapsing, and the multiple eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools take over the action step by step, so that the whole drill can be ensured to be unobstructed without lifting the drill and scanning the whole drill. The invention can effectively solve the slag discharging problem of broken stratum, improve the hole forming rate and the hole forming depth of the drill hole, realize the directional control of the drilling track and meet the construction requirement of directional drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground coal mine drilling, and particularly relates to a broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly and a directional drilling method.
Background
The underground directional drilling technology of the coal mine is widely applied because the drilling track is controllable, and the drilling track effectively extends in a target stratum to realize long drilling construction. When the broken coal bed or rock stratum is directionally drilled, holes cannot be drilled due to broken and collapsed holes of the stratum, and drill sticking or drill burying accidents can also occur. Aiming at the problem, the technical proposal of wide-fin spiral drill rod or triangular (spiral) drill rod combined directional drilling mode construction, lifting drill, turning and reaming, expanding the diameter of a drilled hole or grouting reinforcement is adopted at present. The composite drilling construction is carried out by using the wide-fin spiral drill rod or the triangular (spiral) drill rod, the hydraulic screw drilling tool and the measurement while drilling device, and the slag discharging effect is enhanced when the spiral fin or the triangular structure of the drill rod rotates, so that the porosity is improved; however, for some larger and harder coal rock blocks generated during hole collapse, due to the limitation of a wide-fin spiral drill rod or a triangular (spiral) drill rod structure, the spiral groove is shallow, generally only 3-5mm, and cannot be effectively crushed, when drill residues in the holes are piled up, abnormal conditions of rapid rising of parameters such as drilling pressure, slurry pump pressure and the like can occur, normal construction cannot be caused, drilling parameters can be drilled after repeated movement of a drilling tool and punching are needed, and the effect is often unsatisfactory; the drilling and reaming method is complex in procedure and large in engineering quantity, repeated treatment is needed when drilling meets a plurality of broken bands, time and labor are wasted, and in addition, the stability of drilling is poor due to the increase of the aperture; the grouting reinforcement mode has large grouting amount and poor grouting effect for deep holes.
In order to effectively solve the problem of directional hole forming of a broken stratum, the construction of a directional drilling method by adopting an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool to be matched with a hydraulic screw drilling tool and a measurement while drilling system is researched, so that the problems of slag discharging of a broken stratum belt and hole wall repairing can be effectively solved, and the hole forming rate and the hole forming depth of drilling holes are improved; meanwhile, the fishing process requirement of the conventional milling drilling tool is met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-stage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly for a broken stratum and a directional drilling method, which solve the problems of effective slag discharge and hole wall repairing of stratum breaking, so as to improve the hole forming rate and the hole forming depth of drilling.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool comprises a hollow drilling tool body, an eccentric forward spiral wing piece, an eccentric reverse spiral wing piece, a male connector and a female connector, wherein the eccentric forward spiral wing piece and the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece are arranged on the outer wall of the drilling tool body;
the spiral direction of the eccentric forward spiral wing piece is clockwise, and the spiral direction of the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece is anticlockwise; the two eccentric forward spiral fins and the two eccentric reverse spiral fins are respectively provided with a circumferential included angle of 90 degrees, and the two eccentric reverse spiral fins are respectively provided with a circumferential included angle of 90 degrees; the two eccentric positive spiral fins are respectively corresponding to the axial positions of the two eccentric reverse spiral fins; the included angles between the eccentric forward spiral wing pieces and the central axis of the drilling tool body are 15-30 degrees; the heights of the eccentric forward spiral wing pieces and the eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces are larger than 20mm;
the cutting teeth of the eccentric forward spiral wing piece and the cutting teeth of the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece are respectively close to two ends of the drilling tool body.
The invention also comprises the following technical characteristics:
specifically, the hollow structure of the drilling tool body; the male joint outer wall and the female joint inner wall are both provided with threads.
A broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly comprises a directional drill bit, an external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool, a mud pulse measurement while drilling device, an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool and an integral spiral drill rod which are sequentially and repeatedly connected in an alternating manner;
the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool comprises a spiral outer pipe body, a bent outer pipe connected with the spiral outer pipe body, a rotor, a transmission shaft and a main shaft, wherein the rotor, the transmission shaft and the main shaft are arranged in the spiral outer pipe body and the bent outer pipe and are sequentially connected; the main shaft extends out of the bent outer tube and is connected with the directional drill bit;
the mud pulse measurement while drilling device comprises a non-magnetic spiral outer pipe and a mud pulse device arranged in the non-magnetic spiral outer pipe, and data signals are sent and transmitted through the mud pulse device; one end of the nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe is communicated with the spiral outer pipe body; the other end of the nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe is connected with a male joint of an adjacent eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool;
the plurality of eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools are sequentially and repeatedly and alternately connected with the plurality of integral spiral drilling rods; the integral spiral drill rod is of a hollow structure.
Specifically, in the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool, one end close to the bottom of the drilling hole is the lower part of the drilling tool body, one end close to the drilling hole is the upper part of the drilling tool body, the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece of each eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool is arranged at the lower part of the drilling tool body, and the eccentric forward spiral wing piece is arranged at the upper part of the drilling tool body.
Specifically, when the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool rotates, the diameter of a circular track formed by the rotation of the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece and the eccentric forward spiral wing piece is slightly larger than the outer diameters of the external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool, the mud pulse measurement while drilling device and the integral spiral drill rod; the radial dimension of the eccentric reverse spiral wing or the eccentric forward spiral wing and the drill body of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drill is not larger than the outer diameter of the pilot drill.
Specifically, the distance between adjacent eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools is 20-80m.
Specifically, the depth of the spiral groove on the outer spiral tube body of the outer spiral hydraulic screw drill is 5mm.
The method is realized by adopting the broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool combination, and comprises the following steps of:
1. when the drilling hole section is positioned in the stable stratum:
step a1, all outer pipes in a broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly are not rotated, a bent outer pipe of an outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool is adjusted to control the drilling track of a directional drill bit, and flushing fluid of a central runner drives the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool to drive the directional drill bit to carry out sliding directional drilling;
step a2, after each time of sliding directional drilling for 6-12m, slowly turning back and forth to sweep holes by using a multi-stage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly for the stratum, wherein an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool plays a role in scraping the hole wall to repair the hole wall, and meanwhile, deposited drilling slag in the hole is fully rolled and ground by the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool and then is discharged out of the hole along with flushing fluid;
2. when the stratum is crushed by drilling, sliding directional drilling and rotary sweeping drilling are adopted:
after a stroke or a drill rod is drilled by adopting a sliding directional drilling mode, backing back for a stroke or a drill rod is rotated back and forth to sweep the hole, collapsing the hole in the hole or fully discharging cutting drilling slag through the rotation of a drilling tool assembly, continuing to drill in the next row Cheng Huadong after drilling parameters are normal, and repeating the steps;
3. when the drill meets broken stratum and can not drill directionally, adopting a rotary sweeping hole drill to drill:
the hole is swept back and forth through the rotation of the drilling tool assembly, the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool grinds and repairs the broken stratum hole wall back and forth, the broken coal rock block is fully stirred, rolled and ground, and the slag discharging capacity of a flushing medium is improved through adding flushing fluid, so that normal drilling of the broken stratum is realized; after each drilling stroke, the hole sweeping is turned back and forth, and the drilling of the next stroke is continued after full slag discharge;
4. when the drill is collapsed Kong Bie, the section is pressed:
the drilling tool assembly is rotated, the drilling holes are repeatedly scanned back and forth section by section, and the eccentric reverse spiral wing sheets and the eccentric forward spiral wing sheets are scanned for slag discharge and the drilling holes are repaired under the rotation action of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool;
slowly withdrawing the drill when the drill meets pressure abnormality until the drill tool in the drill hole is withdrawn from the last section of crushing area and drilling parameters are normal, repairing the drill tool by using a plurality of eccentric spiral holes to realize full-hole section hole scanning, and then re-introducing water and turning the drill tool to scan the hole and drill down;
the repairing drilling tool is used for replacing the sweeping holes step by step through a plurality of eccentric spiral holes, the whole drilling hole can be ensured to be unobstructed without the whole drilling hole Kong Duandi, and the sweeping holes can be swept again and drilled downwards under normal pressure.
Specifically, when the rotary sweeping drilling is adopted, the control of the drilling track is realized by adjusting the rotation speed of the drilling tool assembly, the displacement of the slurry pump and the feeding speed during drilling to realize the increase or decrease of the inclination angle of the drilling track.
Specifically, if the inclination angle is required to be increased, small slurry pump displacement is adopted, the drilling feed speed is increased, and the inclination angle gradually increases due to accumulation caused by untimely discharge of cut broken and collapsed coal rock blocks and particles, and plays a role in supporting or cushioning the front-end external screw hydraulic screw drilling tool; if the inclination angle needs to be reduced, the rotation speed of the drilling tool assembly is increased, the drilling speed is reduced, the displacement of a slurry pump is increased, drilling slag at the bottom of a hole is fully discharged in the process of low-speed drilling, the downward cutting effect on the stratum is fully achieved under the action of the dead weight of the drilling tool assembly, and the inclination angle gradually reduces.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) The invention adopts the multi-stage hole wall repairing directional drilling tool combination drilling construction, has good rolling and grinding effects on coal rock blocks and particles due to the large height of the spiral fins, can effectively solve the problems of slag discharge and hole wall repairing of a stratum breaking zone, can improve the hole forming rate and the hole forming depth of the directional drilling of a broken stratum, and can realize the track directional control of the broken stratum condition.
(2) The multi-stage hole wall repairing directional drilling tool assembly is flexibly connected and applied, meets the requirements of different stratum conditions, and ensures that the whole drilling hole is unobstructed without full Kong Duandi drilling and sweeping when abnormality occurs due to the gradual succession of the multiple eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools.
(3) The eccentric forward spiral wing and the eccentric reverse spiral wing of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool are simple in structure and small in size, and when the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool rotates, the diameter of a circular track formed by rotation of the eccentric reverse spiral wing and the eccentric forward spiral wing is close to the outer diameter of the pilot bit, so that the hole wall repairing function is achieved; meanwhile, the radial dimension of the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece or the eccentric forward spiral wing piece and the drilling tool body is not larger than the outer diameter of the directional drill bit, so that the current common milling and fishing specification dimension requirement is met, and the milling and fishing process implementation is not influenced when a drilling clamping accident occurs.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the drilling assembly and its construction according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic drawing of a broken belt pressure-holding sweeping hole drilling device according to the present invention.
Reference numerals meaning:
1. the drilling device comprises a directional drill bit, an external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool, a mud pulse measurement while drilling device, an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool, an integral spiral drill rod, a coal rock mass breaking or collapsing device, a stratum breaking device and a stratum stabilizing device, wherein the directional drill bit, the external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool, the mud pulse measurement while drilling device, the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool, the integral spiral drill rod, the coal rock mass breaking or collapsing device, the stratum breaking device and the stratum stabilizing device are arranged; 41. drill body, 42, eccentric forward helical fins, 43, eccentric reverse helical fins, 44, male connector, 45, female connector, 46, cutting teeth, 47, gage teeth.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Detailed Description
The following specific embodiments of the present invention are given according to the above technical solutions, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an eccentric helical hole repairing drill, comprising a hollow drill body 41, eccentric forward helical fins 42 and eccentric reverse helical fins 43 provided on the outer wall of the drill body 41, and male and female connectors 44 and 45 respectively provided at both ends of the drill body 41.
The spiral direction of the eccentric forward spiral vane 42 is clockwise, and the spiral direction of the eccentric reverse spiral vane 43 is counterclockwise; the two eccentric forward spiral fins 42 and the two eccentric reverse spiral fins 43 have a circumferential included angle of 90 degrees, and the two eccentric reverse spiral fins 43 have a circumferential included angle of 90 degrees; the two eccentric forward helical fins 42 correspond to the two eccentric reverse helical fins 43 in axial position, respectively; the included angles between the eccentric forward spiral wing pieces 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces 43 and the central axis of the drilling tool body 41 are 15-30 degrees; the tab heights of the eccentric forward helical tab 42 and the eccentric reverse helical tab 43 are each greater than 20mm.
The edges of one side of the eccentric forward spiral wing piece 42 and one side of the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece 43 are respectively provided with a composite piece cutting tooth 46, the other sides of the eccentric forward spiral wing piece 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece 43 are respectively provided with a gage tooth 47, the gage teeth 47 of the eccentric forward spiral wing piece 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece 43 are adjacent, and the cutting teeth 46 of the eccentric forward spiral wing piece 42 and the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece 43 are respectively close to two ends of the drilling tool body 41; the functions of rolling and crushing, slag stirring and hole wall repairing are achieved when the hole is scanned forwards and backwards.
The hollow structure of the drill body 41 serves to pass the flushing medium through the central through hole.
The outer wall of the male connector 44 and the inner wall of the female connector 45 are provided with threads for threaded connection with the integral auger stem at both ends.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly, which comprises a pilot bit 1, an external screw hydraulic screw drilling tool 2, a mud pulse measurement while drilling device 3, an eccentric screw hole repairing drilling tool 4 and an integral screw drill rod 5 which are sequentially and repeatedly and alternately connected.
The outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool 2 comprises a spiral outer pipe body, a bent outer pipe connected with the spiral outer pipe body, a rotor, a transmission shaft and a main shaft, wherein the rotor, the transmission shaft and the main shaft are arranged in the spiral outer pipe body and the bent outer pipe and are sequentially connected; the main shaft extends out of the bent outer tube and is connected with the pilot bit 1. The external screw hydraulic screw drilling tool 2 in the present embodiment is a conventional external screw hydraulic screw drilling tool structure.
The mud pulse measurement while drilling device 3 comprises a nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe and a mud pulse device arranged in the nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe, and data signals are sent and transmitted through the mud pulse device; one end of the nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe is communicated with the spiral outer pipe body; the other end of the nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe is connected with the adjacent eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool 4. The mud pulse measurement while drilling device 3 is a mud pulse measurement while drilling device of a conventional structure.
The plurality of eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools 4 are sequentially and repeatedly and alternately connected with the plurality of integral spiral drilling rods 5; the integral spiral drill rod 5 is of a hollow structure.
In the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool 4, one end close to the bottom of a drilling hole is the lower part of the drilling tool body, one end close to a drilling hole opening is the upper part of the drilling tool body, the eccentric reverse spiral wing piece 43 of each eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool 4 is arranged at the lower part of the drilling tool body, and the eccentric forward spiral wing piece 42 is arranged at the upper part of the drilling tool body.
When the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool 4 rotates, the diameter of a circular track formed by the rotation of the eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces 43 and the eccentric forward spiral wing pieces 42 is slightly larger than the outer diameters of the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool 2, the mud pulse measurement while drilling device 3 and the integral spiral drill rod 5; the radial dimensions of the eccentric reverse helical fins 43 or the eccentric forward helical fins 42 and the drill body 41 of the eccentric helical hole repair drill 4 are not larger than the outer diameter of the pilot bit 1.
The distance between the adjacent eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools 4 is 20-80m.
The depth of the spiral groove on the outer spiral pipe body of the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool 2 is 5mm.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a broken stratum directional drilling method, when a drilling hole section is positioned in a stable stratum, the method comprises the following steps:
step a1, all outer pipes in a broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly are not rotated, a bent outer pipe of an outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool is adjusted to control the drilling track of a directional drill bit, and flushing fluid of a central runner drives the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool to drive the directional drill bit to carry out sliding directional drilling; in the sliding directional drilling process, construction is carried out according to a designed track, and reserved branching points are drilled upwards at proper positions of stable stratum;
and a2, carrying out back and forth rotary hole sweeping on a multi-stage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly of the slow rotary broken stratum after each time of sliding directional drilling for 6-12m, wherein the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool plays a role in scraping the hole wall to repair the hole wall, and simultaneously, the deposited drilling slag in the hole is fully rolled and ground by the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool and then is discharged out of the hole along with flushing fluid.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a directional drilling method for broken stratum, when drilling the broken stratum, sliding directional drilling and rotary sweeping hole drilling are adopted:
after each drilling stroke or drill rod in a sliding directional drilling mode, backing back one stroke or drill rod back and forth to sweep the hole, enabling the hole to collapse or cutting drilling slag in the hole to be fully discharged through rotation of the drilling tool assembly, continuing to drill in the next row Cheng Huadong directional drilling after the drilling parameters are normal, and repeating the steps and drilling section by section.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a directional drilling method for a broken stratum, which adopts a rotary sweeping hole to drill when the broken stratum cannot be drilled in a directional manner during drilling:
the hole is swept back and forth through the rotation of the drilling tool assembly, the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool grinds and repairs the broken stratum hole wall back and forth, the broken coal rock block is fully stirred, rolled and ground, and the slag discharging capacity of a flushing medium is improved through adding flushing fluid, so that normal drilling of the broken stratum is realized; after each drilling stroke, the hole sweeping is rotated back and forth, and the drilling of the next stroke is continued after full slag discharge.
When the rotary sweeping drilling is adopted, the control of the drilling track is realized by adjusting the rotation speed of the drilling tool assembly, the displacement of the slurry pump and the feeding speed during drilling to realize the increase or decrease of the inclination angle of the drilling track.
Specific: if the inclination angle is required to be increased, small slurry pump displacement is adopted, the drilling feed speed is increased, and the inclination angle gradually increases due to accumulation caused by untimely discharge of cut broken and collapsed coal rock blocks and particles, and plays a role in supporting or cushioning the front-end external screw hydraulic screw drilling tool; if the inclination angle needs to be reduced, the rotation speed of the drilling tool assembly is increased, the drilling speed is reduced, the displacement of a slurry pump is increased, drilling slag at the bottom of a hole is fully discharged in the process of low-speed drilling, the downward cutting effect on the stratum is fully achieved under the action of the dead weight of the drilling tool assembly, and the inclination angle gradually reduces.
Example 6:
the embodiment provides a directional drilling method for broken stratum, as shown in fig. 3, when the drill encounters collapse Kong Bie compression section:
the drilling tool assembly is rotated, the drilling holes are repeatedly scanned back and forth section by section, and the eccentric reverse spiral wing sheets and the eccentric forward spiral wing sheets are scanned for slag discharge and the drilling holes are repaired under the rotation action of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool;
slowly withdrawing the drill when the drill meets pressure abnormality until the drill tool in the drill hole is withdrawn from the last section of crushing area and drilling parameters are normal, repairing the drill tool by using a plurality of eccentric spiral holes to realize full-hole section hole scanning, and then re-introducing water and turning the drill tool to scan the hole and drill down;
the repairing drilling tool is used for replacing the sweeping holes step by step through a plurality of eccentric spiral holes, the whole drilling hole can be ensured to be unobstructed without the whole drilling hole Kong Duandi, and the sweeping holes can be swept again and drilled downwards under normal pressure.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a broken stratum multistage hole wall repair drilling tool combination which is characterized in that the drilling tool combination comprises a directional drill bit (1), an external spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool (2), a mud pulse measurement while drilling device (3) and an eccentric spiral hole repair drilling tool (4) and an integral spiral drill rod (5) which are connected in sequence repeatedly and alternately;
the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool (4) comprises a hollow drilling tool body (41), an eccentric forward spiral wing piece (42) and an eccentric reverse spiral wing piece (43) which are arranged on the outer wall of the drilling tool body (41), and a male connector (44) and a female connector (45) which are respectively positioned at two ends of the drilling tool body (41);
the spiral direction of the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) is clockwise, and the spiral direction of the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) is anticlockwise; the two eccentric forward spiral fins (42) and the two eccentric reverse spiral fins (43) are respectively arranged, the circumferential included angle between the two eccentric forward spiral fins (42) is 90 degrees, and the circumferential included angle between the two eccentric reverse spiral fins (43) is 90 degrees; the two eccentric positive spiral fins (42) respectively correspond to the axial positions of the two eccentric reverse spiral fins (43); the included angles between the eccentric forward spiral wing pieces (42) and the eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces (43) and the central axis of the drilling tool body (41) are 15-30 degrees; the vane heights of the eccentric forward spiral vane (42) and the eccentric reverse spiral vane (43) are both larger than 20mm;
the edge of one side of each of the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) and the edge of one side of each of the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) are provided with composite cutting teeth (46), the other sides of the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) and the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) are provided with gauge teeth (47), the gauge teeth (47) of the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) and the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) are adjacent, and the cutting teeth (46) of the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) and the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) are respectively close to two ends of the drilling tool body (41);
-a hollow structure of the drill body (41); threads are arranged on the outer wall of the male connector (44) and the inner wall of the female connector (45);
the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool (2) comprises a spiral outer pipe body and a bent outer pipe connected with the spiral outer pipe body, and also comprises a rotor, a transmission shaft and a main shaft which are arranged in the spiral outer pipe body and the bent outer pipe and are sequentially connected; the main shaft extends out of the bent outer tube and is connected with the pilot bit (1);
the mud pulse measurement while drilling device (3) comprises a non-magnetic spiral outer tube and a mud pulse device arranged in the non-magnetic spiral outer tube, and data signals are sent and transmitted through the mud pulse device; one end of the nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe is communicated with the spiral outer pipe body; the other end of the nonmagnetic spiral outer pipe is connected with an adjacent eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool (4);
the plurality of eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools (4) are sequentially and repeatedly and alternately connected with the plurality of integral spiral drilling rods (5); the integral spiral drill rod (5) is of a hollow structure;
when the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool (4) rotates, the diameter of a circular track formed by rotation of the eccentric reverse spiral wing pieces (43) and the eccentric forward spiral wing pieces (42) is slightly larger than the outer diameters of the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool (2), the mud pulse measurement while drilling device (3) and the integral spiral drill rod (5); the radial dimension of the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) or the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool (4) and the radial dimension of the drilling tool body (41) are not larger than the outer diameter of the pilot bit (1), and the diameter of a circular track formed by rotation of the eccentric reverse spiral wing (43) and the eccentric forward spiral wing (42) is close to the outer diameter of the pilot bit (1), so that the hole wall repairing function is achieved.
2. A broken-formation multistage hole wall repairing drill assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that in the eccentric helical hole repairing drill (4), one end close to the bottom of the drill hole is the lower part of the drill body, one end close to the drill hole opening is the upper part of the drill body, the eccentric reverse helical fin (43) of each eccentric helical hole repairing drill (4) is arranged at the lower part of the drill body, and the eccentric forward helical fin (42) is arranged at the upper part of the drill body.
3. A broken formation multistage hole wall repair drill assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacing between adjacent eccentric helical hole repair drills (4) is 20-80m.
4. A broken formation multistage hole wall repair drilling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the helical groove depth on the outer helical body of the outer helical hydrodynamic screw drilling tool (2) is 5mm.
5. A method of directional drilling of a fractured formation using a fractured formation multistage hole wall repair tool assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
1. when the drilling hole section is positioned in the stable stratum:
step a1, all outer pipes in a broken stratum multistage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly are not rotated, a bent outer pipe of an outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool is adjusted to control the drilling track of a directional drill bit, and flushing fluid of a central runner drives the outer spiral hydraulic screw drilling tool to drive the directional drill bit to carry out sliding directional drilling;
step a2, after each time of sliding directional drilling for 6-12m, slowly turning back and forth to sweep holes by using a multi-stage hole wall repairing drilling tool assembly for the stratum, wherein an eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool plays a role in scraping the hole wall to repair the hole wall, and meanwhile, deposited drilling slag in the hole is fully rolled and ground by the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool and then is discharged out of the hole along with flushing fluid;
2. when the stratum is crushed by drilling, sliding directional drilling and rotary sweeping drilling are adopted:
after a stroke or a drill rod is drilled by adopting a sliding directional drilling mode, backing back for a stroke or a drill rod is rotated back and forth to sweep the hole, collapsing the hole in the hole or fully discharging cutting drilling slag through the rotation of a drilling tool assembly, continuing to drill in the next row Cheng Huadong after drilling parameters are normal, and repeating the steps;
3. when the drill meets broken stratum and can not drill directionally, adopting a rotary sweeping hole drill to drill:
the hole is swept back and forth through the rotation of the drilling tool assembly, the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool grinds and repairs the broken stratum hole wall back and forth, the broken coal rock block is fully stirred, rolled and ground, and the slag discharging capacity of a flushing medium is improved through adding flushing fluid, so that normal drilling of the broken stratum is realized; after each drilling stroke, the hole sweeping is turned back and forth, and the drilling of the next stroke is continued after full slag discharge;
4. when the drill is collapsed Kong Bie, the section is pressed:
the drilling tool assembly is rotated, the drilling holes are repeatedly scanned back and forth section by section, and the eccentric reverse spiral wing sheets and the eccentric forward spiral wing sheets are scanned for slag discharge and the drilling holes are repaired under the rotation action of the eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tool;
slowly withdrawing the drill when the drill meets pressure abnormality until the drill tool in the drill hole is withdrawn from the last section of crushing area and drilling parameters are normal, repairing the drill tool by using a plurality of eccentric spiral holes to realize full-hole section hole scanning, and then re-introducing water and turning the drill tool to scan the hole and drill down;
the sweeping holes are replaced step by a plurality of eccentric spiral hole repairing drilling tools, the whole drilling holes can be ensured to be unobstructed without the need of drilling the whole drilling holes Kong Duandi, and the sweeping holes can be swept again and drilled downwards under normal pressure;
when the rotary sweeping drilling is adopted, the control of the drilling track is realized by adjusting the rotary rotating speed of the drilling tool assembly, the displacement of the slurry pump and the feeding speed during drilling to realize the increase or decrease of the inclination angle of the drilling track;
if the inclination angle is required to be increased, small slurry pump displacement is adopted, the drilling feed speed is increased, and the inclination angle gradually increases due to accumulation caused by untimely discharge of cut broken and collapsed coal rock blocks and particles, and plays a role in supporting or cushioning the front-end external screw hydraulic screw drilling tool; if the inclination angle needs to be reduced, the rotation speed of the drilling tool assembly is increased, the drilling speed is reduced, the displacement of a slurry pump is increased, drilling slag at the bottom of a hole is fully discharged in the process of low-speed drilling, the downward cutting effect on the stratum is fully achieved under the action of the dead weight of the drilling tool assembly, and the inclination angle gradually reduces.
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