CN113513262A - Horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method - Google Patents

Horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113513262A
CN113513262A CN202110862202.7A CN202110862202A CN113513262A CN 113513262 A CN113513262 A CN 113513262A CN 202110862202 A CN202110862202 A CN 202110862202A CN 113513262 A CN113513262 A CN 113513262A
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drilling
sieve tube
novel
drill bit
water hole
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CN113513262B (en
Inventor
李友谊
史学敏
郭峰
李鹏宇
张大陆
郭凯
乔晋
闫泊计
王春晖
郭斌
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Shanxi Lanyan Coalbed Methane Research Co ltd
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Shanxi Lanyan Coalbed Methane Research Co ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/42Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/42Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E21B10/43Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/60Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E21B10/602Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/08Screens or liners
    • E21B43/086Screens with preformed openings, e.g. slotted liners

Abstract

The invention provides a horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and a method for horizontal well drilling, which belong to the technical field of drilling construction.

Description

Horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling construction, and particularly discloses a horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method.
Background
After the drilling construction of the horizontal well enters a horizontal section, the collapse of a well hole often occurs, and the main reasons are as follows: the mud rock on the top plate of the coal seam is subjected to water-sensitive expansion, crushing and stripping; the stratum itself is broken and loosened; and (4) directionally adjusting the track of the well by the drill bit going out of the technical casing opening. The collapse of the well wall can cause serious expansion of a local well bore, the damage after the expansion of the well bore is that the mud return speed of a local well section is reduced, and the mud flow rate cannot meet the effect of cleaning a well bore. If drilling is continued, the returned rock debris can be accumulated to the well section with the lowest return speed, after the rock debris is accumulated to a certain amount, the possibility that the annulus is blocked can be increased at the joint of the normal well section and the collapsed well section, the drilling tool is stuck due to improper treatment, and the well hole is seriously scrapped.
When the complex condition occurs, the collapse well section cement is adopted for sealing and then the drilling is continued. 1) Dredging a well: when the drilling tool is lifted after the conventional drill bit is used for drifting, rock debris on a well wall can fall off, and the well drifting operation effect is poor; 2) replacing rock debris and sealing: when the secondary drilling meets the well section, the phenomena of pump holding, torque rising and blocking of up-down moving drilling tools still exist, the well wall falls to block and continuously returns out in the circulation process, and simultaneously, hard cement blocks are accompanied. This phenomenon indicates that cement sealing fails, subsequent drilling construction cannot be performed, and the cement sealing effect is not good for many times.
The reasons why multiple injection of cement to seal a collapsed interval is unsuccessful are: 1) the density of the cement slurry is generally 1.80-1.90g/cm in dry bottom year, while the density of the cement slurry in the shaft is generally 1.05-1.07g/cm in dry bottom year, and due to the density difference, the cement slurry with high density flows at the lower part of the annulus to cause a slurry mixing zone; 2) because the well bore diameter that collapses is big, and the area of overflowing is also great, and the discharge capacity of cementing in-process can not make the well section that collapses form turbulent state, causes the mud of the well section that collapses to be replaced by cement completely, produces the layering phenomenon after having annotated the grout, promptly: (figure 1) cement slurry (1) with high density is arranged at the middle lower part of a borehole, the collapse annular space part is original well slurry (3), and the middle part is a slurry mixing belt (2); 3) and after waiting for setting, drilling according to the original borehole track, drilling the sealing cement, communicating with the collapsed annular part again, and failing to seal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and a method, the tool comprises a novel drill bit and a novel sieve tube, the foremost end of a drilling tool is connected with the novel drill bit to smoothly dredge a collapsed and blocked horizontal section, the novel drill bit is replaced by the novel sieve tube after the drilling tool is started, the injection speed and distance of slurry in each direction are increased through the jet effect, rock debris is replaced, and finally cement slurry is pumped into an all-dimensional collapsed well section to seal the collapsed well section, so that the problems of difficult well opening, difficult rock debris return and difficult sealing caused by stratum collapse can be solved.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for horizontal well drilling, which comprises a novel drill bit and a novel sieve tube, wherein the novel sieve tube is arranged on the drill bit;
the novel drill comprises a drill main body, a triangular pyramid structure and drill teeth; the drill bit main body is of a hollow circular tube structure, the two ends of the drill bit main body are a connecting end and a drilling end, the diameter of the drill bit main body is gradually increased from the connecting end to the drilling end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of a drilling tool and is provided with a female buckle matched with the drilling tool in a threaded mode, and the diameter of the drilling end is matched with the size of a double-opening casing and a borehole; the triangular pyramid structure is formed by fixedly connecting right-angle sides of three right-angle triangular plates, the included angle of two adjacent right-angle triangular plates is 120 degrees, three angles of the triangular pyramid structure are fixed on the drilling end of the drill bit main body, the three right-angle triangular plates divide the drilling end into three 120-degree fan-shaped water holes, and drilling teeth are arranged on three oblique sides of the triangular pyramid structure;
the novel sieve tube comprises a sieve tube main body and a conical guide head; the sieve tube main body is of a hollow round tube structure, two ends of the sieve tube main body are a connecting end and a leading end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of the drilling tool, a female buckle matched with the drilling tool in a threaded mode is arranged on the sieve tube, four rows of water hole groups are arranged on the sieve tube wall along the circumferential direction, the included angle between every two adjacent rows of water hole groups is 90 degrees, the water holes of the sieve tube wall in the two adjacent rows of water hole groups are arranged in a staggered mode, the water holes of the sieve tube wall in the same row of water hole groups are arranged at equal intervals, and the water hole intervals of the four rows of water hole groups are equal; the big end surface of the conical guide head is connected with the sieve tube main body, and the small end surface is a guide head water hole; the pipe wall water hole and the guide head water hole are both circular water holes.
Furthermore, in the novel drill bit, three drill teeth are arranged on each bevel edge of the triangular pyramid structure.
Furthermore, the material strength of the novel drill bit is the same as or higher than that of the drilling tool.
Further, the edges of the fan-shaped water holes are polished to be round corners.
Further, the reducing junction of the sieve tube main body is polished smoothly.
Furthermore, the material strength of the novel sieve tube is the same as that of the drilling tool.
Furthermore, the length of the novel sieve tube is 1.50-1.80m, the aperture of the guide head water hole is 8-10.00mm, the aperture of the pipe wall water hole is 8.00mm, and the distance between the pipe wall water holes is 200.00 mm.
The invention also provides a horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dredging the well, wherein the foremost end of the drilling tool is connected with a novel drill bit in the horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for the horizontal well drilling, and the collapsed and blocked horizontal section is smoothly dredged;
s2, replacing rock debris, replacing the novel drill bit with the novel sieve tube in the horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for the horizontal well drilling after the drill is pulled out, lowering the novel drill bit into a collapse well section, pumping slurry for replacing the rock debris, ejecting the slurry from a pipe wall water hole and a guide head water hole at the jet speed of 1-1.5m/S by improving the discharge capacity and the pump pressure on the ground, and replacing and cleaning the rock debris in the collapse hole through continuously rotating and moving a drilling tool and the novel sieve tube;
s3, cement sealing, after the rock debris in the hole to be collapsed is replaced and cleaned by the slurry, pumping the slurry into the hole, lifting the drilling tool and the novel sieve tube after the slurry reaches the novel sieve tube, wherein along with the continuous rotation of the drilling tool and the novel sieve tube, the slurry is ejected at the jet speed of 1-1.5m/S, so that the slurry in the hole to be collapsed is continuously stirred and continuously replaced, the slower the lifting speed is, the better the replacement efficiency is, after the sealing and solidification of the open hole section, the drilling tool and the novel sieve tube are lifted to the preset height in the technical sleeve for circulation above, and the well bore is removed by the mixed slurry and the redundant slurry, so that the plugging operation of the cement injected into the whole hole to be collapsed is completed.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) by applying the novel drill bit, the well wall dropping blocks caused by scraping in the well tripping process after drifting are greatly reduced, and the drifting effect is improved;
2) through ground pressurization, slurry is ejected from a water hole of the novel sieve tube at a high speed, the novel sieve tube is matched with the drilling tool to rotate slowly, rock debris and unstable rock debris accumulated in each direction in the well can be effectively washed, the displacement efficiency is high, and the rock debris is quickly replaced out of the well; pumping cement slurry, spraying the cement slurry into a hole generated by enlarging the hole diameter at a certain position by using a jet flow principle, displacing the slurry and sealing the stratum, rotating to fully fill the whole borehole with the cement slurry to avoid a slurry mixing section, and ensuring that the cement is good in solidification quality and high in strength and is not easy to break in the secondary drilling process;
3) the tool is simple to manufacture;
by the tool and the method, the problems of difficult well dredging, difficult rock debris return and difficult sealing caused by stratum collapse can be solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a collapsed interval mud profile;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the novel drill bit;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the novel screen pipe.
In the figure: 1. cement slurry; 2. raw well slurry; 3. a slurry mixing zone;
101. a drill bit body; 102. a triangular pyramid structure; 103. drilling teeth; 104. a fan-shaped water hole;
201. a screen pipe body; 202. a conical guide head; 203. wall blisters; 204. leading the head water hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for horizontal well drilling, which comprises a novel drill bit and a novel sieve tube.
The novel drill bit comprises a drill bit body 101, a triangular pyramid structure 102 and drill teeth 103; the drill bit main body 101 is of a hollow circular tube structure, two ends of the drill bit main body are a connecting end and a drilling end, and the diameter of the drill bit main body is gradually increased from the connecting end to the drilling end; the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of the drilling tool, and a female buckle matched with the drilling tool in a threaded manner is arranged, so that the connection is facilitated; the diameter of the drilling end is matched with the size of the second casing and the borehole, so that rock debris can be conveniently ground in the well; the triangular pyramid structure 102 is formed by fixedly connecting the right-angle sides of three right-angle triangular plates, the included angle of two adjacent right-angle triangular plates is 120 degrees, the three angles of the triangular pyramid structure 102 are fixed on the drilling end of the drill bit main body 101, the three right-angle triangular plates divide the drilling end into three 120-degree fan-shaped water holes 104, and three inclined sides of the triangular pyramid structure 102 are provided with drill teeth 103.
The novel sieve tube comprises a sieve tube main body 201 and a conical guide head 202; the sieve tube main body 201 is a hollow circular tube structure, two ends are a connecting end and a leading end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of a drilling tool and is provided with a female buckle matched with the thread of the drilling tool, pipe wall water holes 203 are arranged on the pipe wall at a non-fixed plane phase angle of 90 degrees, namely four rows of water hole groups are arranged on the pipe wall along the circumferential direction, the included angle between two adjacent rows of water hole groups is 90 degrees, the pipe wall water holes 203 in the two adjacent rows of water hole groups are arranged in a staggered mode, the pipe wall water holes 203 in the same row of water hole groups are arranged at equal intervals, and the water hole intervals of the four rows of water hole groups are equal; the big end face of the conical guide head 202 is connected with the sieve tube main body 201, and the small end face is a guide head water hole 204; the pipe wall water hole 203 and the leading head water hole 204 are both circular water holes.
Further, in the novel drill, three drill teeth 103 are arranged on each inclined side of the triangular pyramid-shaped structure 102.
Furthermore, the material strength of the novel drill bit is the same as or higher than that of the drilling tool.
Further, the edges of the fan-shaped water holes are polished to be round corners.
Further, the reducing junction of the screen pipe main body 101 is polished smoothly, so that a step is prevented from being formed on the wall of the well.
Furthermore, the material strength of the novel sieve tube is the same as that of the drilling tool.
Furthermore, the length of the novel sieve tube is 1.50-1.80m, the aperture of the guide head water hole 204 is 8-10.00mm, the aperture of the pipe wall water hole 203 is 8.00mm, and the distance between the pipe wall water holes is 200.00 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment also provides a horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dredging the well, wherein the foremost end of the drilling tool is connected with a novel drill bit in the horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for the horizontal well drilling, and the collapsed and blocked horizontal section is smoothly dredged;
s2, replacing rock debris, replacing the novel screen pipe in the horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool of the horizontal well drilling after the drilling is started, lowering the novel screen pipe into the collapse well section, pumping slurry for replacing the rock debris, ejecting the slurry from the pipe wall water hole 203 and the guide head water hole 204 at the jet speed of 1-1.5m/S by improving the discharge capacity and the pump pressure on the ground, and replacing and cleaning the rock debris in the collapse hole through continuously rotating and moving the drilling tool and the novel screen pipe;
s3, cement sealing, after the rock debris in the hole to be collapsed is replaced and cleaned by the slurry, pumping the slurry into the hole, lifting the drilling tool and the novel sieve tube after the slurry reaches the novel sieve tube, wherein along with the continuous rotation of the drilling tool and the novel sieve tube, the slurry is ejected at the jet speed of 1-1.5m/S, so that the slurry in the hole to be collapsed is continuously stirred and continuously replaced, the slower the lifting speed is, the better the replacement efficiency is, after the sealing and solidification of the open hole section, the drilling tool and the novel sieve tube are lifted to the technical sleeve for more than 20m to circulate until the mixed slurry and the redundant slurry are discharged from the shaft, and the cement injection and blocking operation in the whole hole to be collapsed is completed.
Example 3
Taking the drilling tool diameter as 89mm, the mud density as 1.05-1.07g/cm for thin film planting, the cement paste density as 1.80-1.90g/cm for thin film planting, the discharge capacity (Q) of a drilling pump as 20 liters/second, the number (N) of novel sieve tube water holes as 17, the diameter (R) of the water holes as 8mm, and the pumping pressure of a drill floor as 5-6MPa for example, calculating the impact force of mud jet flow.
The total area of overflowing is:
A = N×(R/2)2×π
= 17×(8/2)2×π= 8.54cm2
the flow rate is:
V = Q/A
= 20/8.54 = 2.34m/s
the impact force of the jet is:
F = g×ρ×Q2/A
= 10×1.07×202/8.54 = 501.17N
in the formula:
a-total flow area of the sieve tube pore canal, unit: cm2
Q-displacement of drilling pump, unit: l/s
F-impact force of each water hole, unit: n is a radical of
V-mud flow rate per port, unit: m/s
g-acceleration of gravity
ρ -mud density, unit: and g/cm carrying out downward slope.
The calculation shows that the impact force of the slurry jet flow is large enough, so that rock debris in the collapsed hole can be effectively disturbed, and quick replacement is realized. Because the diameter of the collapse well section of the predicted well hole does not exceed 5 times of the diameter of the drill bit, the flow rate and jet impact force control are key elements, the displacement is changed most directly in the process, and the rotation speed of the diesel engine is changed most conveniently by controlling the displacement.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for horizontal well drilling is characterized by comprising a novel drill bit and a novel sieve tube;
the novel drill comprises a drill main body, a triangular pyramid structure and drill teeth;
the drill bit main body is of a hollow circular tube structure, the two ends of the drill bit main body are a connecting end and a drilling end, the diameter of the drill bit main body is gradually increased from the connecting end to the drilling end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of a drilling tool and is provided with a female buckle matched with the drilling tool in a threaded mode, and the diameter of the drilling end is matched with the size of a double-opening casing and a borehole;
the triangular pyramid structure is formed by fixedly connecting right-angle sides of three right-angle triangular plates, the included angle of two adjacent right-angle triangular plates is 120 degrees, three angles of the triangular pyramid structure are fixed on the drilling end of the drill bit main body, the three right-angle triangular plates divide the drilling end into three 120-degree fan-shaped water holes, and drilling teeth are arranged on three oblique sides of the triangular pyramid structure;
the novel sieve tube comprises a sieve tube main body and a conical guide head;
the sieve tube main body is of a hollow round tube structure, two ends of the sieve tube main body are a connecting end and a leading end, the diameter of the connecting end is matched with the diameter of the drilling tool, a female buckle matched with the drilling tool in a threaded mode is arranged on the sieve tube, four rows of water hole groups are arranged on the sieve tube wall along the circumferential direction, the included angle between every two adjacent rows of water hole groups is 90 degrees, the water holes of the sieve tube wall in the two adjacent rows of water hole groups are arranged in a staggered mode, the water holes of the sieve tube wall in the same row of water hole groups are arranged at equal intervals, and the water hole intervals of the four rows of water hole groups are equal;
the big end surface of the conical guide head is connected with the sieve tube main body, and the small end surface is a guide head water hole;
the pipe wall water hole and the guide head water hole are both circular water holes.
2. The horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool according to claim 1, wherein in the novel drill bit, three drill teeth are arranged on each bevel edge of the triangular pyramid structure.
3. The horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool according to claim 2, wherein the strength of the novel drill bit is the same as or higher than that of the drilling tool.
4. The horizontal well drilling horizontal section formation collapse treatment tool according to claim 3, wherein the edges of the fan-shaped water holes are ground into round corners.
5. The horizontal well drilling horizontal segment formation collapse treatment tool according to claim 4, wherein the screen body reducing junction is polished smooth.
6. The horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool according to claim 1, wherein the strength of the material of the novel sieve tube is the same as that of the material of the drilling tool.
7. The horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool according to claim 1, wherein the length of the novel sieve tube is 1.50-1.80m, the aperture of the guide head water hole is 8-10.00mm, the aperture of the pipe wall water hole is 8.00mm, and the distance between the pipe wall water holes is 200.00 mm.
8. A horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, dredging the well, wherein the foremost end of the drilling tool is connected with a novel drill bit in the horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for the horizontal well drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, so that the collapsed and blocked horizontal section is smoothly dredged;
s2, replacing rock debris, replacing a novel drill bit with a novel sieve tube in the horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool for the horizontal well drilling according to any one of claims 1-7 after the drilling is finished, lowering the novel drill bit into a collapse well section, pumping mud for replacing the rock debris, ejecting the mud from a pipe wall water hole and a guide head water hole at a jet speed of 1-1.5m/S by improving the discharge capacity and the pump pressure on the ground, and replacing and cleaning the rock debris in the collapse hole through continuous rotation and a movable drilling tool and the novel sieve tube;
s3, cement sealing, after the rock debris in the hole to be collapsed is replaced and cleaned by the slurry, pumping the slurry into the hole, lifting the drilling tool and the novel sieve tube after the slurry reaches the novel sieve tube, wherein along with the continuous rotation of the drilling tool and the novel sieve tube, the slurry is ejected at the jet speed of 1-1.5m/S, so that the slurry in the hole to be collapsed is continuously stirred and continuously replaced, the slower the lifting speed is, the better the replacement efficiency is, after the sealing and solidification of the open hole section, the drilling tool and the novel sieve tube are lifted to the preset height in the technical sleeve for circulation above, and the well bore is removed by the mixed slurry and the redundant slurry, so that the plugging operation of the cement injected into the whole hole to be collapsed is completed.
9. The horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment method according to claim 8, wherein the preset height in the technical casing is 20 m.
CN202110862202.7A 2021-07-28 2021-07-28 Horizontal well drilling horizontal section stratum collapse treatment tool and method Active CN113513262B (en)

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