CN113509894A - Moving bed gas-solid radial reactor - Google Patents
Moving bed gas-solid radial reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113509894A CN113509894A CN202110830961.5A CN202110830961A CN113509894A CN 113509894 A CN113509894 A CN 113509894A CN 202110830961 A CN202110830961 A CN 202110830961A CN 113509894 A CN113509894 A CN 113509894A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Abstract
The invention relates to a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor, belonging to the field of catalytic devices. The catalyst chamber is formed by enclosing an inner ring plate, an outer ring plate, a bottom arc plate and a top sealing plate; the upper ends of the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate are correspondingly suspended at the top of the shell through the inner ring hanging plate and the outer ring hanging plate, so that a bottom arc plate at the bottom end of the catalyst chamber is separated from the inner surface of the bottom of the shell by a certain distance; the lower port of the inner ring plate as the gas collecting pipe is connected with a gas bottom closing plate which is connected with a gas inlet pipe penetrating through the bottom of the shell; the inner and outer ring plates are each a composite structure of grid plates laminated on a johnson mesh, which is located on the catalyst side. The reactor has uniform flow field and reduced pressure, can ensure the sidewall of the catalyst chamber not to be unstable under the conditions of large diameter and high bed layer, has longer service life of the inner and outer annular plates under the corrosive gas environment, ensures that the catalyst is not easy to block meshes, and ensures the smoothness of the flow of reaction gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of catalytic devices, and particularly relates to a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor.
Background
In a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor, gas phase reactants react in the presence of solid catalyst particles, wherein the catalyst moves axially along the reactor and the gas phase reactants pass through a catalyst bed layer in the radial direction or nearly radial direction of the reactor.
The traditional gas-solid radial reactor with moving bed is characterized by that it generally includes upper end cover, cylindrical side wall and bottom end cover, and is formed into the external wall of said reactor (i.e. shell body), in said shell body interior an annular space formed from cylindrical external net and cylindrical internal net is set, after said annular space is filled with catalyst, the cylindrical catalyst bed layer can be formed, and the internal surface of the bottom end cover is the bottom of said catalyst bed layer. The cylindrical inner web prevents the catalyst particles from entering the inner space of the inner web, and the inner web also serves as a gas manifold for collecting the reaction products. The cylindrical outer screen can prevent catalyst particles from entering the outer space between the outer screen and the shell, and can be used as a gas distributor to distribute gas-phase reactants to the catalyst bed layer as uniformly as possible. The gas flowing mode that the gas-phase reactant flows through the cylindrical outer net, the catalyst bed layer and the cylindrical inner net and is collected in the gas collecting pipe is called as an outer inlet and inner outlet type; conversely, if the gas flow direction is opposite to the gas flow direction, the gas flow direction is referred to as a back-in/out type. The top of the reactor is provided with a plurality of catalyst introducing pipes for introducing the catalyst into the catalyst bed layer between the inner net and the outer net, and the bottom of the catalyst bed layer is also provided with a plurality of catalyst discharging pipes for discharging the catalyst.
The traditional moving bed gas-solid radial reactor mainly has the following problems:
for a large volume, high bed reactor, the cylindrical outer and inner webs will be subjected to large lateral stresses due to the flowability of the catalyst and the reactor is prone to instability. Under corrosive gas environment, the life of the outer net and the inner net is short, and the catalyst is easily blocked on the meshes to block the meshes, thereby influencing the flow of reactants.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor to solve the problems of the conventional reactor, such as easy instability, short service life of the internal and external nets, and easy blockage of the net holes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor comprises a shell and a catalyst chamber arranged in the shell, wherein the catalyst chamber is formed by enclosing an inner ring plate, an outer ring plate, a bottom arc plate and a top sealing plate; the upper ends of the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate are correspondingly suspended at the top of the shell through the inner ring hanging plate and the outer ring hanging plate, so that a bottom arc plate at the bottom end of the catalyst chamber is separated from the inner surface of the bottom of the shell by a certain distance; the lower port of the inner ring plate as the gas collecting pipe is connected with a gas bottom closing plate which is connected with a gas inlet pipe penetrating through the bottom of the shell; the inner and outer ring plates are each a composite structure of grid plates laminated on a johnson mesh, which is located on the catalyst side.
Furthermore, the inner ring hanging plate and the outer ring hanging plate both adopt a grid plate structure.
Further, a catalyst discharge port is arranged on the bottom arc plate and is connected with a discharge pipe arranged at the bottom of the shell through a corrugated compensator I.
Furthermore, a catalyst feeding pipe is arranged on a top sealing plate as the top surface of the catalyst chamber.
Further, a channel steel or H-shaped steel is arranged between the lower part of the outer ring plate and the inner wall of the shell to limit the outer ring plate.
Furthermore, a corrugated compensator II is connected between the gas bottom sealing plate and the gas inlet pipe.
Furthermore, a kidney-shaped groove is formed in the gas bottom sealing plate or the gas inlet pipe along the axial direction of the shell, and the gas bottom sealing plate and the gas inlet pipe are connected through a bolt penetrating through the kidney-shaped groove.
Further, the top of the gas collecting pipe is provided with a gas top sealing plate which is of a tapered structure with a small top and a big bottom.
Further, the top of the shell is provided with a gas outlet pipe.
Further, a steam tracing pipe is annularly arranged outside the shell.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the catalyst chamber is suspended on the top of the shell by the inner ring hanger plate and the outer ring hanger plate, and the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate are tensioned under the action of the gravity of the catalyst, so that the instability of the inner ring plate and the outer ring plate can not occur. Under the condition of high temperature, the downward expansion stress of the catalyst chamber is small, and the annular plate and the outer annular plate in the catalyst chamber are in a laminated structure of grid plates and Johnson nets, wherein the Johnson nets are positioned on the catalyst side, so that gas can smoothly pass through the catalyst layer. Because the meshes of the Johnson net are of a structure with narrow inside and wide outside, even if a catalyst is blocked on the Johnson net, the catalyst can fall off, and the catalyst cannot block the meshes, so that the gas flow resistance is reduced.
(2) The inner ring hanger plate and the outer ring hanger plate of the catalyst chamber both adopt a grid plate structure, so that the strength of the hanger plates is ensured, and gas purified by catalytic reaction can enter a gas outlet pipe through the hanger plates.
(3) The catalyst discharge port is connected with the discharge pipe at the bottom of the shell by the corrugated compensator, so that the thermal stress between the catalyst chamber and the shell during expansion can be reduced, and the smooth discharge of the catalyst is ensured.
(4) The gas bottom sealing plate is connected with the gas inlet pipe through a kidney-shaped groove and a bolt, or the gas bottom sealing plate is connected with the gas inlet pipe through a corrugated compensator, so that the stress between the suspended catalyst chamber and the shell can be reduced, the gas can be ensured to pass through from an inner side channel of the inner annular plate, and the gas completely reacts through the radial bed catalyst layer.
(5) The Johnson net is fixed with the grid plate in a stud rivet welding mode, so that the strength of a catalyst chamber is guaranteed, the catalyst is prevented from leaking, meanwhile, the thick wire mesh structure of the Johnson net has good corrosion resistance, and the service life of the radial bed reactor is obviously prolonged.
(6) For the occasion that the catalyst is invalid after cooling, the steam heat tracing pipe is arranged outside the shell, the steam heat tracing pipe is wrapped outside the pressure-bearing shell in an annular structure, and the temperature of the catalyst can be guaranteed not to be reduced in a steam heat tracing mode during maintenance, so that the performance of the catalyst is guaranteed.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor in scheme 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of scheme 2 of a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor;
FIG. 3 is a view taken along line A of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 1.
FIG. 5 is an expanded view of a grid plate;
FIG. 6 is an expanded view of a Johnson mesh;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a grid plate and Johnson mesh stud rivet welding configuration;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of section E of FIG. 1;
fig. 11 is a sectional view F-F of fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a shell 1, a catalyst chamber 2, a gas inlet pipe 3, a gas outlet pipe 4, a catalyst inlet pipe 5, a gas outlet pipe 6, a gas bottom sealing plate 7, an inner ring hanging plate 9, an outer ring hanging plate 10, a steam heat tracing pipe 11, a corrugated compensator I12, a corrugated compensator II 13 and H-shaped steel 14; the catalyst comprises an inner ring plate 21, an outer ring plate 22, a bottom arc plate 23, a top sealing plate 24, a catalyst discharge opening 25, a grid plate 26, a Johnson net 27, bolts 28 and a kidney-shaped groove 301.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor includes a shell 1 and a catalyst chamber 2 disposed in the shell 1. The shell 1 is a cylindrical sealing pressure-bearing structure consisting of a cylindrical side wall, upper end enclosures and bottom end enclosures, wherein the upper end enclosures and the bottom end enclosures are correspondingly arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical side wall. The catalyst chamber 2 comprises an inner ring plate 21 and an outer ring plate 22, the top and bottom of the region between the inner and outer ring plates being closed off by a top closure plate 24 and a bottom arc plate 23, respectively, to form an inner space for catalyst particles. A top closing plate 24, which is the top surface of the catalyst chamber 2, is provided with a catalyst feed pipe 5, the feed end of which catalyst feed pipe 5 protrudes from the top of the housing 1. The bottom arc plate of the catalyst chamber 2 is provided with a catalyst discharge port 25, and the catalyst discharge port 25 is connected with a discharge pipe 6 at the bottom of the shell.
In the moving bed gas-solid radial reactor, the upper ends of an inner ring plate 21 and an outer ring plate 22 are correspondingly suspended at the top of a shell 1 through an inner ring suspension plate 9 and an outer ring suspension plate 10, and a bottom arc plate 23 of a catalyst chamber 2 (bottom end) suspended in the shell 1 is separated from the inner surface of the bottom of the shell 1 by a certain distance; the lower port of the inner ring plate 21 as the gas collecting pipe is connected with a gas bottom closing plate 7, and the gas bottom closing plate 7 is connected with a gas inlet pipe 3 penetrating through the bottom of the shell; the inner ring plate 21 and the outer ring plate 22 are each a composite structure in which grid plates 26 are laminated on a johnson mesh 27, wherein the johnson mesh 27 is fixed to the grid plates 26 by stud rivet welding, and the johnson mesh 27 is located on the catalyst side.
Specifically, the catalyst enters the catalyst chamber 2 through the catalyst feeding pipe 5, and the inner ring hanger plate 9, the outer ring hanger plate 10, the inner ring plate 21, and the outer ring plate 22 for suspending the catalyst chamber 2 are tensioned by the gravity of the catalyst itself, so that the instability of the inner ring plate 21 and the outer ring plate 22 is not caused. The inner ring plate 21 and the outer ring plate 22 adopt a composite structure of stacked grid plates 26 and Johnson nets 27, and the Johnson nets 27 are arranged on the side close to the catalyst, so that the structure not only ensures the strength of the inner ring plate 21 and the outer ring plate 22, but also ensures that the catalyst cannot block the meshes because the Johnson nets 27 have a trapezoidal mesh structure, the meshes close to the catalyst side are small, and the meshes far away from the catalyst side are large, and the catalyst can slip off from the outside after being plugged into the meshes. The diameter of the wire mesh of the Johnson wire mesh 27 is larger, so that the wire mesh can bear the corrosion of corrosive gas, the service life of the inner and outer wire meshes is ensured, and the service life of the whole reactor is further prolonged.
In this scheme, inner ring hanger plate 9 all adopts grid plate structure with outer loop hanger plate 10. The reaction gas passes through the catalyst layer, passes through the outer ring hanger plate 10 and the inner ring hanger plate 9, and then leaves the moving bed gas-solid radial reactor through the gas outlet pipe 4 arranged at the top of the shell 1.
In the scheme, the catalyst discharge port 25 is connected with a discharge pipe 6 arranged at the bottom of the shell 1 through a corrugated compensator I12. When the thermal expansion of the inner and outer ring hanger plates and the thermal expansion of the (pressure-bearing) shell 1 are inconsistent, the corrugated compensator I12 can prevent the discharge pipe 6 at the bottom of the pressure-bearing shell 1 from having large expansion stress.
In this embodiment, channel steel or H-shaped steel 14 is provided between the outer ring plate 22 and the inner wall of the casing 1. The channel steel or H-shaped steel 14 can limit the outer ring plate 22, and the catalyst chamber 2 is guaranteed not to swing at a large angle.
In the above-mentioned moving bed gas-solid radial reactor, the gas inlet pipe 3 is provided with a kidney-shaped slot 301 along the axial direction of the shell 1, and the bolt 28 provided on the gas bottom seal plate 7 passes through the corresponding matching kidney-shaped slot to realize the connection between the gas inlet pipe 3 and the gas bottom seal plate 7 (as shown in fig. 10 and 11). Due to the kidney-shaped slot 301, the gas inlet pipe 3 is movably connected with the gas bottom closing plate 7, so that the stress between the (suspended) catalyst chamber and the shell can be reduced when the catalyst chamber expands. The kidney-shaped groove 301 is only arranged on the gas inlet pipe 3, and the gas passing through the inner side channel of the inner ring plate can be ensured to completely pass through the radial bed catalyst layer for reaction. It should be noted that: the kidney slot 301 may also be provided on the gas bottom closure plate 7 and the bolt 28 correspondingly on the gas inlet tube 3.
The gas directly enters the inner side of the catalyst chamber 2 (namely, in the gas collecting pipe) through the gas inlet pipe 3, and then the gas smoothly and uniformly passes through the catalyst bed layer through the gas collecting pipe which is served as an inner ring plate 21. When the thermal expansion of the inner and outer ring hanger plates is inconsistent with the thermal expansion of the (pressure bearing) shell 1, the movable connection mode of the matching of the kidney-shaped groove 301 and the bolt 28 can prevent the weld joint between the gas inlet pipe 3 and the shell 1 from having large thermal expansion stress, thereby avoiding the damage of the shell. Alternatively, a corrugated compensator ii 13 (shown in fig. 2) is connected between the gas bottom closure plate 7 and the gas inlet tube 3. The corrugated compensator ii 13 also enables the weld between the gas inlet pipe 3 and the shell 1 to be free from large thermal expansion stresses.
In this scheme, the top of gas collecting pipe is equipped with gaseous top shrouding 8, and this gaseous top shrouding 8 is big end down's taper structure. Because the gas outlet pipe 4 is located inside the inner ring hanger plate 9 and above the gas top seal plate 8, the gas top seal plate 8 with the tapered structure has an inclined surface, which can assist in guiding the gas when matching with the outer ring hanger plate 10 and the inner ring hanger plate 9.
In the scheme, the steam tracing pipe 11 is annularly arranged outside the shell 1, is of an annular structure and wraps the shell 1.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A moving bed gas-solid radial reactor comprises a shell (1) and a catalyst chamber (2) arranged in the shell (1), wherein the catalyst chamber (2) is formed by enclosing an inner ring plate (21), an outer ring plate (22), a bottom arc plate (23) and a top sealing plate (24); the method is characterized in that: the upper ends of the inner ring plate (21) and the outer ring plate (22) are correspondingly suspended at the top of the shell through an inner ring hanging plate (9) and an outer ring hanging plate (10), so that a bottom arc plate (23) at the bottom end of the catalyst chamber (2) is spaced from the inner surface of the bottom of the shell by a certain distance; a gas bottom seal plate (7) is connected to the lower port of an inner ring plate (21) serving as a gas collecting pipe, and the gas bottom seal plate (7) is connected with a gas inlet pipe (3) penetrating through the bottom of the shell; the inner ring plate (21) and the outer ring plate (22) are each a composite structure in which grid plates (26) are laminated on a Johnson mesh (27), wherein the Johnson mesh (27) is located on the catalyst side.
2. Moving bed gas-solid radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner ring hanging plate (9) and the outer ring hanging plate (10) both adopt a grid plate structure.
3. Moving bed gas-solid radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom arc plate (23) is provided with a catalyst discharge port (25), and the catalyst discharge port (25) is connected with a discharge pipe (6) arranged at the bottom of the shell through a corrugated compensator I (12).
4. Moving bed gas-solid radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: channel steel or H-shaped steel is arranged between the lower part of the outer ring plate (22) and the inner wall of the shell (1).
5. Moving bed gas-solid radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: a corrugated compensator II (13) is connected between the gas bottom closing plate (7) and the gas inlet pipe (3).
6. Moving bed gas-solid radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: a waist-shaped groove (301) is formed in the gas bottom sealing plate (7) or the gas inlet pipe (3) along the axial direction of the shell (1), and the gas bottom sealing plate (7) is connected with the gas inlet pipe (3) through a bolt (28) penetrating through the waist-shaped groove (301).
7. Moving bed gas-solid radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the gas collecting pipe is provided with a gas top sealing plate (8), and the gas top sealing plate (8) is of a conical structure with a small top and a big bottom.
8. Moving bed gas-solid radial reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer part of the shell (1) is provided with a steam tracing pipe (11) in a surrounding way.
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| CN113509894B CN113509894B (en) | 2023-04-14 |
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