CN113504432B - Transformer substation grounding grid monitoring system - Google Patents
Transformer substation grounding grid monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113504432B CN113504432B CN202110776419.6A CN202110776419A CN113504432B CN 113504432 B CN113504432 B CN 113504432B CN 202110776419 A CN202110776419 A CN 202110776419A CN 113504432 B CN113504432 B CN 113504432B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention provides a transformer substation grounding grid monitoring system which comprises an excitation source module, a grounding grid monitoring module and a processing module, wherein the excitation source module is used for exciting a transformer substation; the excitation source module is used for injecting an excitation signal with specified frequency into the grounding grid through the down lead of the grounding grid; the ground grid monitoring module is used for acquiring magnetic induction intensity data of ground surface detection points of the ground grid after the excitation source module injects excitation signals into the ground grid, and transmitting the magnetic induction intensity data corresponding to the detection points to the processing module; the processing module is used for controlling the excitation source module to inject excitation signals into the grounding grid, analyzing and processing the performance of the grounding grid according to the received magnetic induction intensity of each detection point, acquiring a performance analysis result of the grounding grid, and transmitting the performance analysis result of the grounding grid to the management terminal. The invention can realize the remote and on-line monitoring of the performance of the grounding grid, improve the intelligent level of monitoring of the grounding grid, reduce the investment of labor cost and meet the requirements of safety construction and management of modern transformer substations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power station grounding grid monitoring, in particular to a transformer substation grounding grid monitoring system.
Background
At present, the grounding grid is the essential part of transformer substation construction, is the important link of transformer substation's lightning protection technique, also is the guarantee of whole transformer substation's safe operation, and the construction of grounding grid can provide zero reference for the electrical equipment in the transformer substation on the one hand, and on the other hand provides ground protection for electrical device's metal casing, distribution device's framework and circuit trunk tower etc. provide the passageway that lightning current released for lightning protection device simultaneously. At present, a transformer substation grounding grid is usually welded into a grid by adopting 5-6cm steel or copper materials and the like and buried underground. However, due to the perennial electrochemical action of soil, the grounding conductor is often thinned or even broken locally, so that the grounding performance is affected, and potential safety hazards are caused to the grounding of the transformer substation, therefore, effective grounding grid performance monitoring is an indispensable component for transformer substation safety management.
In the prior art, detection aiming at the performance of the grounding grid requires that a professional arrives at a site to complete detection work, but the above mode has the problems of high labor cost and overlong detection period, and cannot meet the requirement of modern intelligent substation construction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of high labor cost and overlong detection period, the invention aims to provide a transformer substation grounding grid monitoring system.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a transformer substation grounding grid monitoring system which comprises an excitation source module, a grounding grid monitoring module and a processing module, wherein the excitation source module is used for exciting a transformer substation grounding grid; the processing module is respectively connected with the excitation source module and the grounding grid module in a wireless manner;
the excitation source module is used for injecting an excitation signal with specified frequency into the grounding grid through the down lead of the grounding grid;
the ground grid monitoring module is used for acquiring magnetic induction intensity data of ground surface detection points of the ground grid after the excitation source module injects excitation signals into the ground grid, and transmitting the magnetic induction intensity data corresponding to the detection points to the processing module;
the processing module is used for controlling the excitation source module to inject excitation signals into the grounding grid, analyzing and processing the performance of the grounding grid according to the received magnetic induction intensity of each detection point, acquiring a performance analysis result of the grounding grid, and transmitting the performance analysis result of the grounding grid to the management terminal.
In one embodiment, the excitation source module comprises a control unit, a signal generation unit, a power amplification unit and an access unit;
the control unit is used for receiving the control instruction sent by the processing module and controlling the signal generating unit to operate according to the received control instruction;
the signal generating unit is used for generating an excitation signal with specified frequency injected into the grounding grid;
the power amplification unit is used for amplifying power of the generated excitation signal and transmitting the excitation signal after power amplification to the access unit;
the access unit is connected with a down lead of the grounding grid and used for injecting the excitation signal into the grounding grid.
In one embodiment, the grounding grid monitoring module comprises a plurality of electromagnetic induction sensors arranged at preset detection points, wherein the preset detection points are arranged on the ground surface above the grounding grid, and the positions of the detection points are arranged according to branches of the grounding grid; the electromagnetic induction sensor is used for collecting magnetic induction intensity data of the detection point after the excitation source module injects an excitation signal into the grounding grid, and transmitting the collected magnetic induction intensity data to the processing module.
In one embodiment, each electromagnetic induction sensor serves as a collection node, a plurality of collection nodes form a wireless sensor network, and the collection nodes transmit collected magnetic induction intensity data to the processing module through the wireless sensor network.
In one embodiment, the processing module comprises a synchronization unit, a control unit, a receiving unit, an analysis unit and an output unit;
the synchronization unit is used for respectively sending synchronization instructions to the excitation source module and the grounding grid monitoring module so as to synchronize clocks and sent signals of the excitation source module and the grounding grid monitoring module;
the control unit is used for sending a control instruction to the excitation source module so as to control the excitation source module to inject an excitation signal into the grounding grid;
the receiving unit is used for receiving the magnetic induction intensity data of the ground surface detection point of the grounding grid transmitted by the grounding grid monitoring module;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing and processing the performance of the grounding grid according to the received magnetic induction intensity data of the ground surface detection point of the grounding grid to obtain a grounding grid performance analysis result;
the output unit is used for transmitting the obtained performance analysis result of the grounding grid to the management terminal.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention can realize the remote and on-line monitoring of the performance of the grounding grid, improves the intelligent level of monitoring of the grounding grid, reduces the investment of labor cost and can meet the requirements of safety construction and management of modern transformer substations.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a frame structure diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a substation grounding grid monitoring system according to the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows:
the device comprises an excitation source module 1, a grounding grid monitoring module 2 and a processing module 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following application scenarios.
Referring to fig. 1, a transformer substation grounding grid monitoring system includes an excitation source module 1, a grounding grid monitoring module 2, and a processing module 3; the processing module 3 is respectively connected with the excitation source module 1 and the grounding grid module in a wireless manner;
the excitation source module 1 is used for injecting an excitation signal with specified frequency into the grounding grid through a grounding grid down lead;
the grounding grid monitoring module 2 is used for acquiring magnetic induction intensity data of a ground surface detection point of the grounding grid after the excitation source module 1 injects an excitation signal into the grounding grid, and transmitting the magnetic induction intensity data corresponding to the detection point to the processing module 3;
the processing module 3 is used for controlling the excitation source module 1 to inject excitation signals into the grounding grid, analyzing and processing the performance of the grounding grid according to the received magnetic induction intensity of each detection point, acquiring a performance analysis result of the grounding grid, and transmitting the performance analysis result of the grounding grid to the management terminal.
According to the embodiment of the invention, by arranging the excitation source module 1, an excitation signal with larger current and specified frequency is injected into the grounding grid through the down lead of the grounding grid, so that the branch conductor of the grounding grid excites a magnetic induction signal under the action of the excitation signal, meanwhile, the magnetic induction intensity data sent by the branch of the grounding grid is collected by the monitoring module 2 of the grounding grid arranged on the ground, the collected magnetic induction signal is transmitted to the processing module 3, the processing module 3 analyzes the performance of the grounding grid according to the received magnetic induction intensity data, whether the branch performance of the grounding grid is normal or not is monitored, and the processing module 3 transmits the performance analysis result of the grounding grid to the management terminal, so that a management department can arrange corresponding operation and maintenance work according to the corresponding performance analysis result of the grounding grid. The invention can realize the remote and on-line monitoring of the performance of the grounding grid, improves the intelligent level of monitoring of the grounding grid, reduces the investment of labor cost and can meet the requirements of safety construction and management of modern transformer substations.
The processing module 3 may be an intelligent terminal arranged in a transformer substation, or a cloud platform constructed based on a cloud computing technology. Wherein the management terminal means an intelligent management terminal used by a management department.
In one embodiment, the excitation source module 1 includes a control unit, a signal generation unit, a power amplification unit and an access unit;
the control unit is used for receiving the control instruction sent by the processing module 3 and controlling the signal generating unit to operate according to the received control instruction;
the signal generating unit is used for generating an excitation signal with specified frequency injected into the grounding grid according to the received control instruction;
the power amplification unit is used for amplifying power of the generated excitation signal and transmitting the excitation signal after power amplification to the access unit;
the access unit is connected with a down lead of the grounding grid and used for injecting the excitation signal into the grounding grid.
The excitation module is remotely controlled by the processing module 3, wherein the control unit drives the excitation module to start operation according to the control instruction transmitted by the processing module 3. The signal generating unit generates an excitation signal according to a preset designated frequency, the power amplifying unit amplifies the generated excitation signal, the current value of the excitation circuit is increased to a proper level, the access unit is connected with a down lead of the grounding grid, and the excitation signal is input into the grounding grid. The generation and input of an excitation signal for measuring the performance of the grounding grid are realized. The excitation signal of the current change is input into the grounding grid, the grounding grid branch generates a magnetic induction signal under the action of the excitation signal, the performance of the grounding grid branch can be reflected by collecting the intensity of the magnetic induction signal on the ground surface of the grounding grid, and a foundation is laid for monitoring the performance of the grounding grid.
In a scenario where suitable levels of current values include 3-12A, they may also be set according to the actual conditions of the substation grounding grid.
In one scenario, the excitation signal generated by the signal generating unit contains encoded information, which can improve the anti-interference performance of the excitation signal.
In one embodiment, the grounding grid monitoring module 2 comprises a plurality of electromagnetic induction sensors arranged at preset detection points, wherein the preset detection points are arranged on the ground surface above the grounding grid, and the positions of the detection points are arranged according to branches of the grounding grid; the electromagnetic induction sensor is used for collecting magnetic induction intensity data of the detection point after the excitation source module 1 injects an excitation signal into the grounding grid, and transmitting the collected magnetic induction intensity data to the processing module 3.
In one scenario, the magnetic induction data collected by the electromagnetic induction sensor carries corresponding time information and ID information or positioning information of the electromagnetic induction sensor.
According to the laying position of the grounding grid branch, a detection point is arranged on the ground above the grounding grid branch, and whether the grounding grid branch is corroded or broken or not can be judged through the magnetic induction intensity data collected by the detection point through the corresponding arrangement of the detection point and the grounding grid branch, so that the performance of the grounding grid branch is judged accordingly.
In one embodiment, each electromagnetic induction sensor serves as a collection node, a plurality of collection nodes form a wireless sensor network, and the collection nodes transmit the collected magnetic induction data to the processing module 3 through the wireless sensor network.
In one embodiment, the collection nodes in the wireless sensor network perform an election of the sink nodes once every other set period, and select the sink nodes in the current period, wherein the collection nodes in the wireless sensor network transmit the magnetic induction data collected by the collection nodes to the sink nodes in a single-hop or multi-hop manner, and the sink nodes uniformly transmit the magnetic induction data collected by the collection nodes and the received magnetic induction data to the processing module 3.
In one embodiment, for a grid-shaped grounding grid, each edge of each minimum unit grid is a section of branch of the grounding grid, and for each section of branch of the grounding grid, a detection point is arranged at a corresponding position on the ground, wherein each detection point is provided with a corresponding acquisition node;
acquiring the central position of a coverage area of a grounding network, dividing the grounding network area into a plurality of circular sub-areas based on the central position, wherein the sub-area closest to the central position is defined as a first sub-area
From the first sub-region
The other sub-regions outward are in turn defined as the second sub-region
Third sub-area
8230the nth sub-region
Wherein n represents the total number of sub-regions;
the collecting nodes calculate own state factors at intervals of a set time period, broadcast the state factors, receive the state factors broadcast by other collecting nodes, compare the state factors with the state factors of other collecting nodes, when the numerical values of the state factors are detected to be larger than the state factors of other collecting nodes, the collecting nodes become sink nodes of the next period, and broadcast information packets which become the sink nodes, so that the other collecting nodes transmit the collected magnetic induction intensity data to the sink nodes after receiving the information packets, and the sink nodes uniformly transmit the magnetic induction intensity data of the collecting nodes to the processing module 3;
the acquisition node calculates a state factor of the acquisition node, and a specifically adopted state factor calculation function is as follows:
wherein y (M) represents the state factor of the mth collection node, wherein M =1,2, \8230, M, M represents the total number of the collection nodes; n (m) represents the nth (m) sub-region where the acquisition node is located, n represents the total number of the sub-regions, alpha represents the set position adjustment parameter, and alpha belongs to [1,2 ]]，t m Data transmission delay, t, representing the direct communication of the acquisition node with the processing module 3 tr Represents a set data transmission delay standard value, and tau represents a set delay regulation parameter, wherein tau belongs to 0.01,0.99]，E m Representing the remaining energy percentage of the collection node; beta represents the set energy regulating variable.
The coverage area of a transformer substation grounding grid is usually large, and the acquisition nodes are easily influenced by the environment of the transformer substation in the data interaction process of the processing module 3; therefore, the foregoing embodiment provides a technical solution that the ground grid monitoring module 2 transmits data to the processing module 3 through the wireless sensor network after acquiring corresponding magnetic induction data through the electromagnetic induction sensors, wherein each electromagnetic induction sensor is used as an acquisition node in the wireless sensor network, and each acquisition node calculates its own state factor according to its own condition during data transmission, and synchronizes the state factors of each acquisition node based on mutual broadcast among the acquisition nodes, and judges whether it becomes a sink node by comparing the state factors, so as to implement localized election of the sink node, and the sink node performs whole-network broadcast on information of the sink node selected by itself to establish a data transmission rule of a new round of time period. The method comprises the steps of setting a collection node according to the setting characteristics of detection points in a ground grid, dividing sub-areas to which the collection nodes belong in advance and inputting the sub-areas into the collection nodes based on the specific coverage condition of the ground grid, so that the collection nodes can perform optimized calculation according to the actual positions of the collection nodes when calculating the state factors of the collection nodes (for example, the collection nodes are approximately close to the central position of the ground grid and can balance the data transmission consumption performance of the collection nodes when being used as sink nodes, and the reliability of the sink nodes for receiving data transmitted by other collection nodes is improved). Meanwhile, the position of the collection node in the transformer substation is easily influenced by the transformer substation facility, so that the direct communication capacity between the collection node and the processing module 3 is influenced. According to the embodiment, the reliability and the energy consumption of the grounding grid monitoring module 2 can be effectively optimized, and the performance of the grounding grid monitoring module 2 is improved.
In one embodiment, when sub-regions are divided, the width of each circular sub-region is less than one-hop communication distance of the acquisition node;
after the sink node in the current period is selected, other acquisition nodes transmit the acquired magnetic induction intensity data to the sink node in a single-hop or multi-hop mode; the acquisition node detects whether the sink node is in a single-hop communication range of the acquisition node, and if so, the acquisition node directly transmits the acquired magnetic induction intensity data to the sink node in a single-hop mode; if the sink node is out of the single-hop communication range of the sink node, according to the sub-region where the sink node is located, randomly selecting a neighbor node belonging to a previous-stage sub-region from other neighbor nodes in the single-hop communication range of the sink node as a next-hop node, transmitting the magnetic induction intensity data collected by the sink node to the next-hop node, and forwarding the magnetic induction intensity data to the sink node by the next-hop node; when the collection node is located in the first sub-area but the aggregation node is not in the one-hop communication range of the collection node, the collection node selects a neighbor node which is closer to the aggregation node from neighbor nodes of the collection node as a next-hop node.
In one embodiment, the processing module 3 comprises a synchronization unit, a control unit, a receiving unit, an analysis unit and an output unit;
the synchronization unit is used for respectively sending synchronization instructions to the excitation source module 1 and the grounding grid monitoring module 2 so as to synchronize the clocks of the excitation source module 1 and the grounding grid monitoring module 2 with the sent signals;
the control unit is used for sending a control instruction to the excitation source module 1 so as to control the excitation source module 1 to inject an excitation signal into the grounding grid;
the receiving unit is used for receiving the magnetic induction intensity data of the ground surface detection point of the grounding grid transmitted by the grounding grid monitoring module 2;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing and processing the performance of the grounding grid according to the received magnetic induction intensity data of the ground surface detection point of the grounding grid to obtain a grounding grid performance analysis result;
the output unit is used for transmitting the obtained performance analysis result of the grounding grid to the management terminal.
The processing module 3 can initiate a ground grid performance monitoring task according to actual needs or periodically, and sends a control instruction to the excitation source module 1, so that the excitation source module 1 inputs an excitation signal to the ground grid to start monitoring the ground grid performance. The processing module 3 analyzes and processes the received magnetic induction intensity data collected by each detection point, can analyze the performance condition of the grounding grid branch corresponding to each detection point based on the magnetic induction intensity data, and transmits the analysis result to the management terminal when the grounding grid branch is analyzed to have the conditions of corrosion, fracture and the like, so that the management department can be helped to uniformly manage the state of the grounding grid after receiving the analysis result of the grounding grid through the management terminal, and arrange corresponding operation and maintenance work in time, thereby improving the reliability and the intelligent level of the safety management of the transformer substation.
In one scenario, the magnetic induction data is a magnetic induction signal collected by an electromagnetic induction sensor.
In one embodiment, the magnetic induction data is a magnetic induction signal collected by an electromagnetic induction sensor;
the analysis unit specifically comprises: carrying out filtering processing on the received magnetic induction signal to obtain a magnetic induction signal after filtering processing, obtaining magnetic induction intensity according to the amplitude of the magnetic induction signal after filtering processing, calculating the induction voltage of the detection point according to the magnetic induction intensity, comparing the obtained induction voltage with a preset standard value, marking that the grounding grid branch corresponding to the detection point is abnormal when the induction voltage is smaller than the set standard value, and outputting a corresponding abnormal analysis result;
and when the induction voltages of the corresponding detection points of all the branches of the grounding grid exceed a set standard value, outputting the performance analysis result of the grounding grid to be normal.
In one embodiment, the frequency of the excitation signal input by the excitation source module 1 is 800Hz to 1200Hz, and preferably 896Hz.
In one embodiment, the filtering processing of the received magnetic induction signal in the analysis unit specifically includes:
carrying out wavelet packet decomposition on the received magnetic induction signals according to a set decomposition scale to obtain wavelet packet coefficients of the magnetic induction signals;
and performing enhancement processing on the obtained wavelet packet coefficient, wherein the adopted enhancement processing function is as follows:
wherein b' (i, k) represents the ith-scale kth wavelet packet coefficient after enhancement processing, b (i, k) represents the obtained ith-scale kth wavelet packet coefficient, alpha represents a set narrow-band adjustment factor, beta represents a set trend adjustment factor, rho represents a set control factor for preventing denominator from being zero, and T represents a set threshold;
and reconstructing according to the wavelet packet coefficient after the enhancement processing to obtain the magnetic induction signal after the filtering processing.
In a transformer substation scene, magnetic induction data acquired by an electromagnetic induction sensor is easily interfered by a magnetic field of large-scale power equipment of the transformer substation (because the electromagnetic interference of the transformer substation is strong and a magnetic induction signal generated by a grounding grid branch is weak), so that the accuracy of ground grid performance analysis according to the acquired electromagnetic induction data is influenced. Therefore, in the above embodiment, a technical solution is provided for performing filtering processing specifically on a magnetic induction signal acquired by an electromagnetic induction sensor, in the solution, the magnetic induction signal is decomposed based on wavelet packet decomposition, wherein for an obtained wavelet packet coefficient, a part with a smaller wavelet packet coefficient is suppressed, transformer substation electromagnetic noise interference included in the magnetic induction signal is filtered as a whole, feature expression performance of the magnetic induction signal is effectively improved, magnetic induction intensity obtained according to the magnetic induction signal in the following step is indirectly improved, and accuracy of analyzing performance of a grounding grid branch is further improved.
It should be noted that, functional units/modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit/module, or each unit/module may exist alone physically, or two or more units/modules are integrated into one unit/module. The integrated unit/module may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may also be implemented in the form of a software functional unit/module.
From the above description of embodiments, it is clear for a person skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, code or any appropriate combination thereof. For a hardware implementation, a processor may be implemented in one or more of the following units: an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. For a software implementation, some or all of the flow of the embodiments may be accomplished by a computer program instructing the associated hardware. In practice, the program may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. Computer-readable media can include, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be analyzed by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A transformer substation grounding grid monitoring system is characterized by comprising an excitation source module, a grounding grid monitoring module and a processing module; the processing module is respectively in wireless connection with the excitation source module and the grounding grid monitoring module;
the excitation source module is used for injecting an excitation signal with specified frequency into the grounding grid through the down lead of the grounding grid;
the ground grid monitoring module is used for acquiring magnetic induction intensity data of ground surface detection points of the ground grid after the excitation source module injects excitation signals into the ground grid, and transmitting the magnetic induction intensity data corresponding to the detection points to the processing module;
the processing module is used for controlling the excitation source module to inject excitation signals into the grounding grid, analyzing and processing the performance of the grounding grid according to the received magnetic induction intensity data of each detection point, acquiring a performance analysis result of the grounding grid, and transmitting the performance analysis result of the grounding grid to the management terminal;
the grounding grid monitoring module comprises a plurality of electromagnetic induction sensors arranged at preset detection points, wherein the preset detection points are arranged on the ground surface above the grounding grid, and the positions of the detection points are arranged according to branches of the grounding grid; the electromagnetic induction sensor is used for acquiring the magnetic induction intensity data of the detection point after the excitation source module injects an excitation signal into the grounding grid, and transmitting the acquired magnetic induction intensity data to the processing module;
each electromagnetic induction sensor is used as an acquisition node, a plurality of acquisition nodes form a wireless sensor network, and the acquisition nodes transmit acquired magnetic induction intensity data to the processing module through the wireless sensor network;
the method comprises the steps that collection nodes in a wireless sensor network conduct selection of sink nodes once every set period, the sink nodes in the current period are selected, the collection nodes in the wireless sensor network transmit magnetic induction intensity data collected by the collection nodes to the sink nodes in a single-hop or multi-hop mode, and the sink nodes uniformly transmit the magnetic induction intensity data collected by the collection nodes and the received magnetic induction intensity data to a processing module;
aiming at a latticed grounding network, wherein each edge of each minimum unit grid is a section of branch of the grounding network, and aiming at each section of branch of the grounding network, a detection point is arranged at a corresponding position on the ground, wherein each detection point is provided with a corresponding acquisition node;
acquiring the central position of a coverage area of a grounding network, dividing the grounding network area into a plurality of circular sub-areas based on the central position, wherein the sub-area closest to the central position is defined as a first sub-area
From the first sub-region
The other sub-regions outward are defined as the second sub-region in turn
Third sub-area
8230the nth sub-region
Wherein n represents the total number of sub-regions;
the method comprises the steps that the collection nodes calculate self state factors at intervals of a set time period, broadcast the state factors, receive the state factors broadcast by other collection nodes, compare the self state factors with the state factors of other collection nodes, when the condition factors of the collection nodes are detected to be larger than the state factors of other collection nodes, the collection nodes become sink nodes of the next period, broadcast information packets which become the sink nodes by the sink nodes, enable the other collection nodes to transmit collected magnetic induction intensity data to the sink nodes after receiving the information packets, and enable the sink nodes to uniformly transmit the magnetic induction intensity data of the collection nodes to a processing module;
the acquisition node calculates a state factor of the acquisition node, and a specifically adopted state factor calculation function is as follows:
wherein y (M) represents a state factor for the mth acquisition node, where M =1,2, \ 8230;, M, M represents the total number of acquisition nodes; n (m) represents the nth (m) sub-region where the acquisition node is positioned, n represents the total number of the sub-regions, alpha represents a set position regulation parameter, and alpha belongs to [1,2 ]]，t m Data transmission delay, t, representing the direct communication between the acquisition node and the processing module tr Represents a set data transmission delay standard value, and tau represents a set delay regulation parameter, wherein tau belongs to 0.01,0.99]，E m Representing the remaining energy percentage of the collection node; beta represents a set energy regulating variable.
2. The substation grounding grid monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the excitation source module comprises a control unit, a signal generation unit, a power amplification unit and an access unit;
the control unit is used for receiving the control instruction sent by the processing module and controlling the signal generating unit to operate according to the received control instruction;
the signal generating unit is used for generating an excitation signal with specified frequency injected into the grounding grid;
the power amplifying unit is used for amplifying power of the generated excitation signal and transmitting the excitation signal after power amplification to the access unit;
the access unit is connected with a down lead of the grounding grid and used for injecting the excitation signal into the grounding grid.
3. The substation grounding grid monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the processing module comprises a synchronization unit, a control unit, a receiving unit, an analysis unit and an output unit;
the synchronization unit is used for respectively sending synchronization instructions to the excitation source module and the grounding grid monitoring module so as to synchronize clocks and sent signals of the excitation source module and the grounding grid monitoring module;
the control unit is used for sending a control instruction to the excitation source module so as to control the excitation source module to inject an excitation signal into the grounding grid;
the receiving unit is used for receiving the magnetic induction intensity data of the ground surface detection point of the grounding grid transmitted by the grounding grid monitoring module;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing and processing the performance of the grounding grid according to the received magnetic induction intensity data of the ground surface detection points of the grounding grid to obtain a grounding grid performance analysis result;
the output unit is used for transmitting the obtained grounding grid performance analysis result to the management terminal.
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