CN113504175A - Pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method - Google Patents
Pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113504175A CN113504175A CN202110685606.3A CN202110685606A CN113504175A CN 113504175 A CN113504175 A CN 113504175A CN 202110685606 A CN202110685606 A CN 202110685606A CN 113504175 A CN113504175 A CN 113504175A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004836 empirical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the friction coefficient of a pipe-soil contact interface, which comprises the steps of putting a pipeline material plate into a pipe container, and then putting a soil sample container on the pipeline material plate; keeping the soil sample container still, pulling the pipe container to make the pipe container produce displacement, and recording tension reading of the pipe container as Fsf(ii) a Placing a soil sample into the soil sample container, applying pressure N towards the pipeline material plate to the soil sample, keeping the soil sample container static, pulling the pipe container to enable the pipe container to generate displacement, and recording tension reading F of the pipe containerall(ii) a Repeating the steps S20-S30 n times to obtain the friction coefficient mu from the first time to the nth time, and finally obtaining the friction coefficient measurement result of
Through the relative motion of driving soil sample container and tubular product container, soil sample contacts with the tubular product container, and tension sensor records the pulling force that the tubular product container received to when can calculate out soil and take place great displacement, rub between its contact interfaceThe friction coefficient, the simulation effect is good, and the measurement result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring a pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient in the technical field of civil engineering tests.
Background
The pipeline is an important means of oil and gas transportation, and is easily influenced by dislocation of a foundation soil layer when passing through a geological disaster area, so that additional load acting on the pipeline is caused; for a submarine pipeline, the pipeline generates huge axial stress due to high-temperature and high-pressure oil and gas conveyed inside the submarine pipeline, so that the pipeline is bent, and the resistance force provided by soil around the pipeline and acting on the pipeline is an important factor for maintaining the stability of the pipeline. Therefore, in the design construction and operation process of pipeline engineering, the friction coefficient of the contact surface of the pipeline and the surrounding soil body is an essential important parameter.
At present, the pipe-soil interface friction coefficient is generally taken by an empirical method, such as technical regulation of urban heating direct-buried hot water pipelines (CJJ/T81-2013). However, the pipe-soil interface friction coefficient is not only related to soil classification, but also varies with pipe material. With the diversification of pipeline materials, the loss of the pipe-soil interface friction coefficient measuring device and method causes that the safety and the economy of pipeline design cannot be guaranteed. The existing direct shear test cannot simulate the working condition that pipe soil generates large relative displacement in the test due to small size, and meanwhile, the normal stress borne by a shallow buried pipeline is small, so that the measured shearing force value is small, and the system friction in the data processing process cannot be ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art, and provides a method for measuring the friction coefficient of a pipe-soil contact interface, which can accurately measure the friction coefficient of the pipe-soil contact interface.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method is provided, which comprises the following steps: s10, placing a pipeline material plate into a pipe container, and then placing a soil sample container on the pipeline material plate; s20, keeping the soil sample container static, pulling the pipe container at a preset speed v to enable the pipe container to generate displacement, stopping pulling after a time t, and recording tension reading of the pipe container as Fsf(ii) a S30, placing a soil sample into the soil sample container, applying pressure N towards the pipe material plate to the soil sample, keeping the soil sample container static, pulling the pipe container at a preset speed v to enable the pipe container to generate displacement, stopping pulling after a time t, and recording tension reading F of the pipe containerallThe shearing force of the contact surface of the pipeline material plate and the soil sample is Fn＝Fall-FsfCalculating the friction coefficient mu of the pipe-soil contact interfacen＝FnN; s40, repeating the steps S20-S30 n times, obtaining the friction coefficient mu from the first time to the nth time, and finally obtaining the friction coefficient measurement result
Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in step S10, the elastic member is attached to the bottom surface of the soil sample container, and then the soil sample container is placed on the duct material plate.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, in step S30, the lubricant is applied to the inner wall of the soil sample container, and the soil sample is put into the soil sample container.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S30, weights are uniformly stacked on the top surface of the soil sample to form the pressure N.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in steps S20 and S30, the tube container is pulled using a pulling force member, a pulling force direction of which is parallel to the horizontal direction.
Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in steps S20 and S30, a reaction force is applied to the soil sample container using a reaction force mechanism so that the soil sample container is kept stationary.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reaction force mechanism further includes a reaction frame and a reaction rod, a first end of the reaction rod is connected to the soil sample container, a second end of the reaction rod is connected to the reaction frame, and the reaction rod is adjusted such that an axial direction of the reaction rod is parallel to a horizontal direction in steps S20 and S30.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the relative motion who drives soil sample container and tubular product container, soil sample and tubular product container contact, the pulling force that the tubular product container received is taken notes to the tension sensor to when can calculate out soil and take place great displacement, the coefficient of friction between its contact interface, simulation effect is good, and measuring result is more accurate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is clear that the described figures are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments, and that a person skilled in the art can also derive other designs and figures from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of step S30 in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a soil sample container and a pipe container of the pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring device in the embodiment of the present invention (after placing the soil sample and the pipe material).
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented by using a pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring apparatus including a soil sample container 10, a pipe container 20, a tensile mechanism, and a reaction mechanism. The soil sample in the soil sample container 10 is contacted with the pipeline material in the pipe container 20, the pipe container 20 is pulled by the tensile force mechanism, the counterforce mechanism is connected with the soil sample container 10 and is used for applying an acting force opposite to the direction of the tensile force to the soil sample container 10, so that the soil sample container 10 is static relative to an experimental platform, the pipe container 20 and the soil sample container 10 move relatively, friction force is generated between the soil sample and the pipeline material, and the working condition that the pipe soil generates large relative displacement can be simulated.
The top surface of the pipe container 20 is provided with a containing groove for containing the pipeline material, the bottom surface of the soil sample container 10 is provided with an opening, and the soil sample container 10 is positioned above the containing groove, so that the soil sample in the soil sample container 10 can be contacted with the pipeline material in the containing groove through the opening. The bottom surface of soil sample container 10 is equipped with encircles open-ended elastic component 11, and elastic component 11 is used for with the pipeline material butt, prevents that soil sample from flowing from the space between soil sample container 10 and the pipeline material, influences the accuracy of experiment. The pipe container 20 comprises a pipe frame and a plurality of supporting strips arranged in the pipe frame in parallel at intervals, the supporting strips and the pipe frame are combined together to form a grid structure, and the top surfaces of the supporting strips and the inner side walls of the pipe frame are combined to form accommodating grooves. Because the bottom surface of the containing groove is hollow, the pipeline material is convenient to take out of the containing groove. In this embodiment, the length and the width of storage tank equals the length and the width of pipeline material board, and after pipeline material board was placed in the storage tank, the top surface of pipeline material board flushed with the top surface of storage tank.
It can be understood that the top surface of the soil sample container 10 is also provided with an opening, and the opening of the top surface of the soil sample container 10 is opposite to the opening of the bottom surface, and the area shape is equivalent, so that a laboratory technician can conveniently add the soil sample into the soil sample container 10. Optionally, the soil sample container 10 is a tempered glass member, which is convenient for an experimenter to observe the condition of the soil sample in the soil sample container 10 at any time.
The tension mechanism comprises a controller 50, a tension force part 30 and a tension sensor 32, wherein the tension force part 30 is connected with the pipe container 20 through the tension sensor 32, and the controller 50 is electrically connected with the tension force part 30 and the tension sensor 32. The controller 50 can be an industrial computer, the controller 50 controls the pulling force member 30 to start, the pulling force member 30 pulls the pipe container 20 to move at a certain speed, the pulling force sensor 32 measures the pulling force applied to the pipe container 20, and the controller 50 can receive and record the pulling force value measured by the pulling force sensor 32 in the whole process, so that the friction coefficient of the pipe-soil contact interface can be calculated subsequently. Optionally, the pulling member 30 is a servo motor, and the pulling member 30 is erected on the experiment platform through a motor base 31 to ensure that the pulling direction is parallel to the horizontal direction.
Further, in order to reduce the friction between the tube container 20 and the experiment platform and reduce the experiment error, the bottom of the tube container 20 is provided with a moving assembly. The movement assembly also facilitates greater relative displacement of the pipe container 20 with respect to the soil sample container 10. Optionally, the moving assembly includes at least two rolling wheels 21 and two guide rails 22, the rolling wheels 21 are equally divided into two roller groups, each roller group is respectively installed on one side of the tube container 20, the roller groups correspond to the guide rails 22 one by one, each roller group is in rolling fit with the corresponding guide rail 22, and the guide rail 22 is parallel to the pulling direction of the pulling force power assembly. In this embodiment, the number of the rolling wheels 21 is six, and each roller group includes three rolling wheels 21. Each roller group moves along the guide rail 22, and the guide rail 22 limits the moving direction of the pipe container 20, so that the pipe container 20 is prevented from deviating in a direction which is not parallel to the pulling force direction relative to the soil sample container 10, and the accuracy of the experiment is further influenced.
The reaction force mechanism comprises a reaction frame 41 and a reaction rod 40, wherein a first end of the reaction rod 40 is connected with the soil sample container 10, and a second end of the reaction rod 40 is connected with the reaction frame 41. The reaction frame 41 is mounted on the test platform, and applies a reaction force to the soil sample container 10 via the reaction rod 40. Further, the first end of the reaction rod 40 is connected to the soil sample container 10 through a reaction pad, and the reaction pad is laid on the outer side wall of the soil sample container 10 to enlarge the reaction force receiving area of the soil sample container 10, so that the soil sample container 10 is more uniformly stressed.
Further, the second end of the reaction bar 40 is connected to the reaction frame 41 via a reaction beam 42, the reaction beam 42 being slidably mounted on the reaction frame 41, the sliding direction of the reaction beam 42 being parallel to the vertical direction. By adjusting the height of the reaction beam 42, the axial direction of the reaction rod 40 can be always parallel to the pulling force direction of the pulling force member 30, and the direction of the friction force can be controlled. Optionally, the pulling force direction of the pulling force element 30 and the axial direction of the reaction force rod 40 are parallel to the horizontal direction, so that the reading of the pulling force sensor 32 is more accurate, and the influence of other interference terms is reduced.
The pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s10, placing the pipeline material plate into the pipe container 20, and then placing the soil sample container 10 on the pipeline material plate. Alternatively, the elastic member 11 is attached to the bottom surface of the soil sample container 10, and then the soil sample container 10 is placed on the pipe material plate to prevent the soil sample from leaking out from the gap between the pipe material plate and the soil sample container 10.
At the same time, the pipe container 20 and the soil sample container 10 can be moved relative to each other by connecting the tensile mechanism to the pipe container 20 and connecting the reaction mechanism to the soil sample container 10.
S20, applying a reaction force to the soil sample container 10 by using a reaction force mechanism to keep the soil sample container 10 static, and adjusting the reaction force rod 40 to enable the axial direction of the reaction force rod 40 to be parallel to the horizontal direction. Pulling the pipe container 20 by using the pulling force member 30, pulling the pipe container 20 by using the pulling force member 30 at a preset speed v to enable the pipe container 20 to generate displacement, stopping pulling after a time t, and recording the tension reading of the pipe container 20 as Fsf. The reaction direction of the reaction mechanism and the pulling force direction of the pulling force part 30 are both parallel to the horizontal direction, so that the calculation accuracy of the friction coefficient mu is prevented from being influenced.
S30, firstly, smearing a lubricant on the inner wall of the soil sample container 10, and then putting the soil sample into the soil sample container 10. Alternatively, the lubricant may be petrolatum, which reduces friction between the soil sample and the soil sample container 10, thereby reducing experimental error.
The method comprises the steps of uniformly filling a soil sample in a soil sample container 10 for 10-15 cm, applying pressure N towards a pipeline material plate to the soil sample, specifically, uniformly stacking heavy objects on the top surface of the soil sample to form the pressure N, and ensuring that the pressure N is always a constant value.
The reaction force mechanism is used to apply a reaction force to the soil sample container 10 to keep the soil sample container 10 stationary, and the reaction rod 40 is adjusted so that the axial direction of the reaction rod 40 is parallel to the horizontal direction. Pulling the pipe container 20 again by using the pulling force member 30, pulling the pipe container 20 by the pulling force member 30 at a preset speed v to enable the pipe container 20 to generate displacement, stopping pulling after a time t, and recording the tensile force reading of the pipe container 20 as Fall. The reaction direction of the reaction mechanism and the pulling force direction of the pulling force part 30 are both parallel to the horizontal direction, so that the calculation accuracy of the friction coefficient mu is prevented from being influenced.
S40, repeating the steps S20-S30 n times to obtain the friction coefficient mu from the first time to the nth time, taking the nth time to perform the steps S20-S30 as an example, the data processing process is as follows: the shearing force of the contact surface of the pipeline material plate and the soil sample is Fn＝Fall-FsfCalculating the friction coefficient mu of the pipe-soil contact interfacen＝Fnand/N. The final friction coefficient measurement result is obtained as
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown and described, but is capable of numerous equivalents and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims appended hereto.
Claims (7)
1. A method for measuring the friction coefficient of a pipe-soil contact interface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, placing a pipeline material plate into a pipe container, and then placing a soil sample container on the pipeline material plate;
s20, keeping the soil sample container static, pulling the pipe container at a preset speed v to enable the pipe container to generate displacement, stopping pulling after a time t, and recording tension reading of the pipe container as Fsf；
S30, placing a soil sample into the soil sample container, applying pressure N towards the pipe material plate to the soil sample, keeping the soil sample container static, pulling the pipe container at a preset speed v to enable the pipe container to generate displacement, stopping pulling after a time t, and recording tension reading F of the pipe containerallThe shearing force of the contact surface of the pipeline material plate and the soil sample is Fn＝Fall-FsfCalculating the friction coefficient mu of the pipe-soil contact interfacen＝Fn/N；
S40, repeating the steps S20-S30 n times, obtaining the friction coefficient mu from the first time to the nth time, and finally obtaining the friction coefficient measurement result
2. The pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S10, the elastic member is attached to the bottom surface of the soil sample container, and the soil sample container is placed on the duct material plate.
3. The pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S30, the lubricant is applied to the inner wall of the soil sample container, and the soil sample is put into the soil sample container.
4. The pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: in step S30, weights are uniformly stacked on the top surface of the soil sample to form a pressure N.
5. The pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in steps S20 and S30, the tube container is pulled using a pulling force member whose pulling force direction is parallel to the horizontal direction.
6. The pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: in steps S20 and S30, a reaction force is applied to the soil sample container using a reaction force mechanism so that the soil sample container is held still.
7. The pipe-soil contact interface friction coefficient measuring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the reaction force mechanism includes a reaction frame and a reaction rod, a first end of the reaction rod is connected to the soil sample container, a second end of the reaction rod is connected to the reaction frame, and the reaction rod is adjusted such that an axial direction of the reaction rod is parallel to a horizontal direction in steps S20 and S30.
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| CN110057688A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-26 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of cold area's pipeline pipeclay interface mechanical characteristic parameter experiment system |
| CN210742086U (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-06-12 | 天津城建大学 | Improved shearing box for friction test |
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2021
- 2021-06-21 CN CN202110685606.3A patent/CN113504175A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4130008A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1978-12-19 | Broshears Robert W | Device for measuring friction and distance |
| CN101271056A (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2008-09-24 | 上海交通大学 | Testing device for friction coefficient between underground pipe line and soil body |
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