CN113502825B - Water conservation method for mountain power transmission line tower position mechanized construction - Google Patents
Water conservation method for mountain power transmission line tower position mechanized construction Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for maintaining water and soil after mechanized construction of a power transmission line tower, in particular to a method for maintaining water and soil for mechanized construction of the power transmission line tower in mountainous areas, which provides temporary occupied area and permanent occupied land acquisition area of an iron tower foundation, ensures equipment, earth-rock square materials and concrete materials in the construction process, and assembles an enough construction site of the iron tower; the surface soil stripping measures are provided, and the purpose is to ensure that the vegetation can have better soil after the construction is finished, and improve the success rate of farmland restoration or grass seed sowing; the engineering measures and vegetation measures for water conservation of the mechanical equipment transition road are provided, wherein the engineering measures and vegetation measures comprise building of retaining walls under different gradient conditions, and surface soil stripping, farmland restoration and land improvement of the corresponding foundation pit transition road. The technical scheme of the invention can guide the water conservation design of the tower position range of the power transmission line, effectively improve soil conditions, recover cultivated land, ensure vegetation, avoid white hanging of the green mountain, ensure that water conservation measures are based on the water conservation measures and the engineering cost is based on the water conservation measures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water and soil conservation method for power transmission line tower position mechanized construction, in particular to a water conservation method for power transmission line tower position mechanized construction in mountainous areas.
Background
In the existing transmission line engineering construction process, water and soil conservation measures for a tower position area are often difficult to implement, because the transmission line is arranged along a corridor in a mountain area, the water conservation construction site is insufficient, the soil condition is poor, particularly under the condition of a tower position mechanized construction mode, the situations that transition roads with different gradients need to be counted and the like are also considered, the operation is complicated, the construction efficiency is low, and partial areas cannot be constructed, so that the phenomena of blue-white mountain hanging, water and soil loss, slope slip and the like are caused.
On the other hand, the current water conservation concept of the power transmission line is fuzzy, the list is not clear, a specific thought cannot be formed, and huge problems can be faced in engineering application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mountain area power transmission line tower position mechanized construction water conservation method which can effectively improve soil conditions, restore cultivated land, ensure vegetation and avoid white hanging of green mountains according to the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following ways:
the key point of the water conservation method for the mechanized construction of the power transmission line tower positions in the mountainous area is that the method comprises the following steps:
c1: identifying the tower foundation type according to a tower topographic map and actual exploration data of power transmission line construction, and dividing the tower foundation type into self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment and moved foundation pit excavation equipment according to equipment required by the foundation type and a foundation pit transition mode;
c2: carrying out topographic map transition road arrangement on self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment:
c2.1: acquiring ground gradient data according to a topographic map of the position of the tower; determining four basic transition roads;
c2.2: for a side slope with the ground gradient larger than 15 degrees, determining the height and the length of a gravity retaining wall needing to be built on the side slope behind the road;
c3: and C2, determining the permanent occupied area and the temporary occupied area of the two tower foundations as follows for the two tower foundations of the moved foundation pit excavation equipment and the self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment based on the step C2:
the area of the permanent occupation area of the C3.1 tower footing comprises the occupation area of the iron tower and the occupation area of a newly constructed building due to the iron tower, and is calculated as follows:
S 1 =（A+d+2） 2
wherein S is 1 Permanent iron towerThe land area is occupied; a, opening the root of an iron tower (the side length of the root); d is the width of the foundation main column;
c3.2 The tower footing temporary floor area is calculated as follows:
S 2 =（S 1 0.5 + a） 2 - S 1 wherein S is 2 -temporary tower floor space; a, adding value to a temporary construction site;
c4: the two design methods of the engineering measures of the tower foundation at the tower position are as follows:
c4.1: arranging a road protection retaining wall and a residual soil fort on the side slope, wherein a space between the residual soil fort and the ascending direction of the slope is a stacking space for foundation pit excavation and road building residual soil;
c4.2: stripping surface soil: surface soil stripping of a transition road and other surface soil stripping suitable for vegetation recovery areas, wherein the stripping thickness is 10-40cm; the stripping amount of the transition road is calculated according to the arrangement length of the transition road, and the rest other stripping calculation modes suitable for the vegetation recovery area are as follows:
c4.2.1: when the residual soil of the undisturbed soil foundation is transported outside, the surface soil stripping amount near the surface foundation is calculated: (diameter of hole of each leg of the tower +2 m) 2 X stripping thickness;
c4.2.2: when the residual soil tower position is tiled, stripping and replying are carried out according to the permanent occupied area of the tower footing, and each tower footing is as follows: the permanent occupied area of the tower footing is multiplied by the stripping thickness;
c4.2.3: the stripping square amount of the grounding flat iron groove is as follows: the length of the groove, the width of the groove and the stripping thickness;
c4.3: surface soil recovery: the area of the surface soil stripping in the tower footing area minus the area of the foundation column is equal to the area of surface soil recovery;
c4.4: and (3) recovering cultivated land: the method is characterized in that the method is counted according to the permanent occupied area and the temporary occupied area of the tower footing, only cultivated land and field are listed, and the method is not repeatedly counted with land reclamation;
c4.5: land remediation for permanent and temporary occupancies: aiming at the types of land except cultivated land and garden land, the listing mode refers to cultivated land recovery;
c5: plant measure design method
C5.1: planting shrubs or arbors in the temporary occupied area of the tower footing, and determining the planting density according to the temporary occupied area;
c5.2: sowing grass seeds: sowing grass seeds in the permanent tower foundation occupation area and the temporary tower foundation occupation area, wherein the sowing areas are listed according to the occupation area;
c5.3: temporary measure engineering meter array
C5.3.1: limit of color bar flag or hard fence: the color bar flags are listed according to the length multiplied by 3 of the temporary field boundary, and the hard fences are listed according to the length multiplied by 4 of the temporary land occupation boundary;
c5.3.2: laying color stripe cloth: the area of the color stripe cloth paved in the temporary occupied area is calculated as follows:
((mound engineering quantity + construction material engineering quantity) ÷ mound height) ^0.5+ 1m) ^2;
c5.3.3: covering with dense mesh net or color strip cloth: the permanent and temporary floor covering areas are as follows: 1.5 x (the amount of the mound work + the amount of the construction material work) ÷ the height of the mound;
c5.3.4: filling soil, planting and blocking: the blocking section of the soil filling and plant growing block is trapezoidal, and the blocking amount is calculated as follows:
(temporary soil accumulation amount ÷ pile height) ^0.5 × 3 × 1.08.
The invention provides a tower water conservation list design based on a mechanized construction mode, compared with manual construction, the mechanized construction mode needs more detailed survey data, and mainly comprises tower topographic map measurement and geological detailed drilling, wherein the tower topographic map measurement is mainly used for reflecting the equipment road construction length and further accurately measuring and calculating the engineering quantity of engineering measures.
Therefore, the main technical effects of the technical scheme of the invention are as follows:
1) The temporary and permanent occupied land acquisition areas of the iron tower foundation are provided, and equipment, earth and stone materials and concrete materials in the construction process are ensured, so that a sufficient construction site for assembling the iron tower is provided.
2) The surface soil stripping measure is provided, and the purpose is to ensure that the vegetation can have better soil after the construction is finished and improve the success rate of farmland restoration or grass seed sowing.
3) And providing engineering measures and vegetation measures for water conservation of the mechanical equipment transition road, wherein the engineering measures and the vegetation measures comprise the building of retaining walls under different gradient conditions, the surface soil stripping, the farmland restoration and the land improvement of the corresponding foundation pit transition road.
The invention provides a method for designing the water conservation of the mechanized construction tower position of the power transmission line, which can guide the water conservation design of the tower position range of the power transmission line, effectively improve the soil condition, recover the cultivated land, ensure the vegetation, avoid the white hanging of the green mountain, ensure the water conservation measures according to the needs and find the engineering cost according to the needs.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow framework schematic diagram of the power transmission line mechanized construction tower position water conservation design method.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a mechanized construction temporary road layout according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of column identifiers of temporary and permanent tower footing areas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the residual soil fortunes according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a column identification for farmland restoration and land reclamation with the area of the stand column subtracted according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a color stripe cloth covering and a mat cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Detailed Description
The best embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-6, first a conventional mountain foundation version includes: digging foundation, hole digging foundation, rock anchor rod foundation, rock built-in foundation, micro pile foundation and the like. According to the current equipment capacity, a rotary drilling rig is adopted for construction of the digging foundation, the hole digging foundation and the rock embedding foundation, a roofbolter is adopted for the rock roofbolt foundation, and a down-the-hole drilling rig is adopted for the miniature pile foundation. The equipment can be divided into self-propelled equipment and detachable mobile equipment according to a foundation pit transition mode.
Therefore, the mountain area power transmission line tower position mechanical construction water conservation method comprises the following steps:
(1) The method for designing the road layout of the transition of topographic maps in the mechanized construction water conservation method of the self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment comprises the following steps:
the mechanized construction water conservation scheme of the self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment needs to be combined with the gradient development of a tower position, needs to be combined with an actually measured tower position topographic map to carry out construction road arrangement and retaining wall arrangement of a rear side slope, and an original tower position topographic map mainly comprises a contour line 1, four foundations 2 and a line advancing direction 6. By arranging the four tower transition roads 5 on site, a tower footing temporary road layout is formed, referring to fig. 2.
The flatness of a construction road needs to be determined by combining the working performance of equipment, and the requirement of general self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment on the flatness is within 5 degrees so as to ensure the safe excavation of the equipment. For the side slope of more than 15 degrees, generally need build gravity type retaining wall at the side slope behind the road after the base face excavation, and then guarantee the stability of back side slope.
The arrangement of four basic transition roads is determined by identifying the gradient of the tower position, and the building height and length of the retaining wall of the slope behind the road are determined. And then, determining the permanent occupation and the temporary occupation of the tower foundation, and improving the mechanized construction water conservation method of the self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment by assisting engineering measures, vegetation measures and temporary measures.
(2) For the two tower foundations of the moved foundation pit excavation equipment and the self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment based on the step C2, the permanent occupying area and the temporary occupying area of the two tower foundations are determined as follows (see fig. 3):
1) Permanent occupational area 4
The permanent land acquisition of the tower foundation comprises the land occupation range of the iron tower and the land occupation area (such as retaining walls, drainage ditches and the like) of a newly-built structure, the permanent land occupation area of the iron tower can be obtained by adding 1m to the outer edge of each column of the tower foundation respectively, and the calculation formula is as follows:
S 1 =（A+d+2） 2 （1）
in the formula: s 1 Permanent floor area of the pylon(ii) a A, rooting of an iron tower; d is the width of the foundation main column;
the area of newly-built retaining wall, escape canal combines actual engineering design's quantity value to confirm.
2) Temporary accommodation area 3
In the engineering construction, the stacking of construction materials is considered, the temporary land occupation is required to be considered, the value a can be increased according to the permanent land occupation range according to the construction and engineering experience, and the calculation is carried out according to the following formula:
S 2 =（S 1 0.5 + a） 2 - S 1 （2）
a, adding a value of the temporary construction site, and taking the value according to experience.
(3) Engineering measure design method
1) Bank protection, barricade and escape canal:
according to a specific construction drawing, as shown in the attached figure 4, the retaining wall is divided into a residual soil fort 8 and a road protection retaining wall. The main function of surplus soil fort is to pile up foundation ditch excavation and road building surplus soil 9 to protect its stability with the mode of retaining wall.
2) Peeling off the surface soil
In order to ensure the survival rate of vegetation recovery, the tower adopts a top soil stripping and top soil recovery mode. The surface soil stripping comprises surface soil stripping of a transition road and the rest surface soil stripping, and the thickness is generally 10-40cm.
The stripping amount of the transition road is calculated according to the arrangement length of the transition road, and the rest stripping methods are as follows:
when the residual soil of the undisturbed soil foundation is transported outside, the surface soil stripping amount near the surface foundation is calculated according to the stripping thickness of each leg (the diameter of an orifice is +2 m) ^2 multiplied by the diameter of the strip;
when the residual soil tower position is tiled, stripping and replying are carried out according to the permanent occupied area of the tower foundation, and each tower foundation is as follows: the permanent occupied area of the tower footing is multiplied by the stripping thickness;
the stripping square amount of the grounding flat iron groove is as follows: the length of the groove, the width of the groove and the stripping thickness;
3) Restoration of surface soil
Referring to fig. 5, the area of the surface soil stripping in the tower footing area minus the area of the column of the foundation is equal to the area of the surface soil recovery.
4) Restoration of cultivated land
And (4) counting according to the permanent land acquisition and temporary occupied area of the tower footing, only listing cultivated land and field without repeatedly counting with land improvement (deducting the area of the upright post).
5) Land reclamation (permanent land occupation and temporary land occupation)
The land reclamation aims at land types except cultivated land and garden land, and the counting mode is similar to cultivated land restoration.
(3) Plant measure design method
1) Planting shrubs (arbor)
The shrubs are not planted in the tower footing permanent land occupation area, the temporary land occupation area of the tower footing is combined with the vegetation condition of the field, the temporary land occupation area is considered, and the planting density is determined according to the field condition.
2) Broadcast sowing of grass seeds
Besides desert and Gobi, grass seeds are sown in permanent tower footing occupying areas, temporary tower footing occupying areas and the like, and the sowing areas are counted according to the occupied area.
(4) Temporary procedure engineering quantity metering
1) Color bar flag/hard fence limit
The color bar flags are listed according to the length multiplied by 3 of the temporary field boundary, and the hard fences are listed according to the length multiplied by 4 of the temporary land occupation boundary.
2) Color strip cloth bedding
The tower base area (permanent occupied area) can not be lined with color stripe cloth. The paving area of the tower base area (temporary occupied area) is calculated according to (((soil piling engineering quantity + construction material engineering quantity) ÷ pile height) ^0.5+ 1m) ^2, and the pile height can be considered according to actual conditions. The piling project amount and the material project amount are counted according to 4 tower legs (including a protective wall).
3) Dense mesh screen mat cover/color strip cloth mat cover
Referring to fig. 6, the covering area of the permanent land occupation and the temporary land occupation is calculated according to 1.5 multiplied by the amount of the soil piling project plus the amount of the construction material project divided by the pile height, and the pile height can be considered according to the practice.
4) Blocking for filling soil and planting (woven bag)
The blocking section of the filled woven bag is trapezoidal, and the height can be 1.2m, the top width is 0.6m, and the bottom width is 1.2m. The blocking amount is listed by (temporary soil piling amount ÷ pile height) ^0.5 x 3 x 1.08, and the pile height is considered practically.
In addition, when the method is applied to the mechanical construction water conservation method of the detachable mobile equipment, the method comprises the following steps:
the device does not need to build a foundation pit transition road, so the largest difference between the water conservation design method and the self-propelled device is that a retaining wall of the transition road does not need to be built on the transition road, the surface soil stripping and the surface soil restoration of the transition road do not need to be counted, and the other counting modes are the same.
The invention can systematically explain the design scheme of the environmental protection measures of the power transmission line, and provides the engineering quantity data of the environmental protection of the power transmission line based on a plurality of factors such as permanent tower foundation occupation, temporary tower occupation, temporary road and the like from the three aspects of engineering measures, plant measures and temporary measures, thereby providing the standard and basis for the environmental protection design of the power transmission line in mountainous areas.
The invention is not described in the same way as the prior art.
Claims (1)
1. The mountain area power transmission line tower position mechanized construction water conservation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
c1: identifying a tower foundation type according to a tower topographic map and actual exploration data of power transmission line construction, and dividing equipment required by the foundation type into self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment and moved foundation pit excavation equipment according to a foundation pit transition mode;
c2: carrying out topographic map transition road arrangement on self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment:
c2.1: acquiring ground gradient data according to a topographic map of the position of the tower; determining four basic transition roads;
c2.2: for the side slope with the ground gradient larger than 15 degrees, determining the height and the length of the gravity retaining wall to be built on the side slope behind the road;
c3: and C2, determining the permanent occupied area and the temporary occupied area of the two tower foundations as follows for the two tower foundations of the moved foundation pit excavation equipment and the self-propelled foundation pit excavation equipment based on the step C2:
the area of the permanent occupied area of the C3.1 tower footing comprises the occupied area of the iron tower and the occupied area of a newly-built structure due to the iron tower, and is calculated as follows:
S 1 =（A+d+2） 2
wherein S is 1 -permanent tower floor space; a, opening the root of an iron tower; d is the width of the foundation main column;
c3.2 The tower footing temporary floor area is calculated as follows:
S 2 =（S 1 0.5 + a） 2 - S 1 wherein S is 2 -temporary tower floor space; a, adding value to a temporary construction site;
c4: the two design methods of the engineering measures of the tower foundation at the tower position are as follows:
c4.1: arranging a road protection retaining wall and an excess soil fort on the side slope, wherein a space between the excess soil fort and the ascending direction of the slope surface is a foundation pit excavation and road building excess soil stacking space;
c4.2: stripping surface soil: surface soil stripping of a transition road and other surface soil stripping suitable for vegetation recovery areas, wherein the stripping thickness is 10-40cm; the stripping amount of the transition road is calculated according to the arrangement length of the transition road, and the rest other stripping calculation modes suitable for the vegetation recovery area are as follows:
c4.2.1: and (3) when the residual soil of the undisturbed soil foundation is transported outwards, calculating the top soil stripping amount near the surface foundation: (diameter of hole of each leg of the tower +2 m) 2 X stripping thickness;
c4.2.2: when the residual soil tower position is tiled, stripping and replying are carried out according to the permanent occupied area of the tower footing, and each tower footing is as follows: the permanent occupied area of the tower footing is multiplied by the stripping thickness;
c4.2.3: the stripping square amount of the grounding flat iron groove is as follows: the length of the groove is multiplied by the width of the groove and is multiplied by the stripping thickness;
c4.3: surface soil recovery: the area of the column with the foundation subtracted from the area stripped from the surface soil in the tower foundation area is equal to the area recovered from the surface soil;
c4.4: and (3) recovering cultivated land: the method is characterized in that the method is counted according to the permanent occupied area and the temporary occupied area of a tower foundation, only cultivated land and field are counted, and the counting is not repeated with land improvement;
c4.5: land reclamation for permanent and temporary occupancies: aiming at the types of land except cultivated land and garden land, the listing mode refers to cultivated land recovery;
c5: plant measure design method
C5.1: planting shrubs or trees in the temporary occupied area of the tower footing, and determining the planting density according to the temporary occupied area;
c5.2: sowing grass seeds: sowing grass seeds in the permanent tower footing occupying area and the temporary tower footing occupying area, wherein the sowing areas are listed according to the occupied area;
c5.3: temporary procedure engineering quantity metering
C5.3.1: limit of color bar flag or hard fence: the color bar flags are listed according to the length multiplied by 3 of the temporary field boundary, and the hard fences are listed according to the length multiplied by 4 of the temporary land occupation boundary;
c5.3.2: laying color stripe cloth: the area of the color stripe cloth paved in the temporary occupied area is counted as follows:
((mound engineering quantity + construction material engineering quantity) ÷ mound height) ^0.5+ 1m) ^2;
c5.3.3: covering with dense mesh net or color strip cloth: the permanent land occupation and the temporary land occupation covering area are calculated as follows: 1.5 x (the amount of the mound work + the amount of the construction material work) ÷ the height of the mound;
c5.3.4: filling soil, planting and blocking: the blocking section of the soil filling and plant growing is trapezoidal, and the blocking amount is calculated as follows:
(temporary soil accumulation amount ÷ pile height) ^0.5 × 3 × 1.08.
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