CN113500908A - 适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置 - Google Patents

适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置 Download PDF

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CN113500908A
CN113500908A CN202110829112.8A CN202110829112A CN113500908A CN 113500908 A CN113500908 A CN 113500908A CN 202110829112 A CN202110829112 A CN 202110829112A CN 113500908 A CN113500908 A CN 113500908A
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clutch
gear
brake
planet
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CN113500908B (zh
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何融
许晋
邢庆坤
李洪武
程燕
张玉东
张强
李亮
李慎龙
盖江涛
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China North Vehicle Research Institute
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
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Abstract

本发明属于动力传动技术领域，具体涉及一种适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置。该装置通过发动机、两个电机、三个行星排、三个离合器和三个制动器来实现纯电低速启动、串联驱动、并联驱动、混联驱动和固定机械挡等模式。该装置可以使发动机常工作在高效区，电机可实现制动能量回收，有效节能减排，同时两个电机功率需求低，有利于减小传动装置的尺寸，减轻变速箱的重量，降低制造费用。该装置能够实现多个模式切换，电池容量需求小，提高了汽车的续航里程。该装置还拥有机械挡，可提高其传动效率。

Description

适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置
技术领域
本发明属于动力传动技术领域，具体涉及一种适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置。
背景技术
由于能源短缺以及公众环保意识的增强，新能源环保汽车日益受到重视。然而由于技术的制约，针对商用车，纯电动或燃料电池型商用车由于续航里程短和充电难等原因，短时间内难以全面推广，所以混合动力型商用车为目前较为理想的一种新能源环保汽车选择。
混合动力汽车与传统汽车、纯电动汽车相比，最大的差别为动力系统。油电混合为目前主流的混合动力传动装置形式，按电机与发动机的动力耦合形式分类，有串联、并联和混联形式。由于串联结构电机功率和体积需求大，并联结构发动机燃油性不是最佳，而混联式结合了串联和并联的优势，具有燃油效率最好，电池需求低，电机功率小等优点，是当今混合动力汽车动力总成发展的主要趋势和关键技术。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是：为了克服现有技术中的缺陷，如何提供一种适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，使车辆可以无级变速驱动，发动机常工作在高效区，节约能源，同时降低电机功率需求，提高功率密度，节约成本。
(二)技术方案
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，所述装置通过发动机Engine、两个电机、三个行星排、三个离合器和三个制动器来实现纯电低速启动、串联驱动、并联驱动、混联驱动和固定机械挡模式；
所述两个电机分为：第一电机ISG和第二电机MG；
所述三个离合器分为：第一离合器C1、第二离合器C2和第三离合器C3；
所述三个制动器分为：第一制动器B1、第二制动器B2和第三制动器B3；
其中，第一个行星排为内外啮合单星行星排，包括：一排齿圈R1、一排行星架PC1、一排太阳轮S1和一排行星轮P1；所述一排行星轮P1同时和一排太阳轮S1、一排齿圈R1啮合；所述一排行星架PC1用于支撑一排行星轮P1；
第二个行星排为内外啮合单星行星排，包括：二排齿圈R2、二排行星架PC2、二排太阳轮S2和二排行星轮P2；所述二排行星轮P2同时和二排太阳轮S2、二排齿圈R2啮合；所述二排行星架PC2用于支撑二排行星轮P2；
第三个行星排为内外啮合单星行星排，包括：三排齿圈R3、三排行星架PC3、三排太阳轮S3和三排行星轮P3；所述三排行星轮P3同时和三排太阳轮S3、三排齿圈R3啮合；所述三排行星架PC3用于支撑三排行星轮P3；
所述第一电机ISG直接连接发动机Engine，然后通过阻尼减振器ZN与第一离合器C1、第二离合器C2和第三离合器C3外毂固定连接；
所述一排太阳轮S1与第二电机MG、第三离合器C3内毂、第三制动器B3内毂和二排太阳轮S2固定连接；所述一排行星架PC1与第二制动器B2內毂、第二离合器C2内毂和二排行星架PC2固定连接；所述一排齿圈R1分别与三排齿圈R3和第一制动器B1固定连接；
所述二排齿圈R2分别与三排行星架PC3及输出轴Output固定连接；
所述三排太阳轮S3与第一离合器C1内毂固定连接；
所述第一制动器B1、第二制动器B2和第三制动器B3外毂固定在变速器壳体上。
其中，所述三个内外啮合单星行星排的内传动比，即行星排的齿圈与太阳轮的齿数比分别为：
一排齿圈R1与一排太阳轮S1：ZR1/ZS1＝3.5；
二排齿圈R2与二排太阳轮S2：ZR2/ZS2＝2；
三排齿圈R3与三排太阳轮S3：ZR3/ZS3＝2.5。
其中，在结合所述第一制动器B1的情况下，形成第二电机MG纯电驱动的第一纯电驱动模式。
其中，在结合所述第二制动器B2的情况下，形成第二电机MG纯电驱动的第二纯电驱动模式。
其中，第二电机MG纯电驱动时，第一电机ISG可工作在发电机状态，给电池充电或给第二电机MG供电，形成串联驱动模式。
其中，在结合所述第一制动器B1和第一离合器C1的情况下，发动机助力，形成发动机和双电机并联驱动的第一种模式；
在结合所述第二制动器B2和第一离合器C1的情况下，发动机助力，形成发动机和双电机并联驱动的第二种模式；
在结合所述第一制动器B1和第三离合器C3的情况下，发动机助力，形成发动机和双电机并联驱动的第三种模式。
其中，在结合所述第一离合器C1的情况下，形成发动机和双电机混联混合驱动的第一种模式；
在结合所述第二离合器C2的情况下，形成发动机和双电机混联混合驱动的第二种模式。
其中，在结合所述第一离合器C1和第一制动器B1的情况下，形成第一机械挡位；
在结合所述第一离合器C1和第二制动器B2的情况下，形成第二机械挡位；
在结合所述第一离合器C1和第三制动器B3，形成第三机械挡位；
在结合所述第一离合器C1和第二离合器C2的情况下，形成第四机械挡位；
在结合所述第二离合器C2和第三制动器B3的情况下，形成第五机械挡位。
其中，在结合所述第三离合器C3和第一制动器B1的情况下，形成第一倒挡。
其中，在结合所述第三离合器C3和第二制动器B2的情况下，形成第二倒挡。
(三)有益效果
与现有技术相比较，本发明所提供的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，通过发动机、两个电机、三个行星排、三个离合器和三个制动器来实现纯电低速启动、串联驱动、并联驱动、混联驱动和固定机械挡等模式。该装置可以使发动机常工作在高效区，电机可实现制动能量回收，有效节能减排，同时两个电机功率需求低，有利于减小传动装置的尺寸，减轻变速箱的重量，降低制造费用。该装置能够实现多个模式切换，电池容量需求小，提高了汽车的续航里程。该装置还拥有机械挡，可提高其传动效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置的结构示意图。
其中，Engine为发动机、ISG为第一电机，ZN为阻尼减振器、MG为第二电机。R1为一排齿圈、PC1为一排行星架、S1为一排太阳轮、P1为一排行星轮；R2为二排齿圈、PC2为二排行星架、S2为二排太阳轮、P2为二排行星轮；R3为三排齿圈、PC3为三排行星架、S3为三排太阳轮、P3为三排行星轮。操纵件B1、B2和B3为制动器，操纵件C1、C2和C3为离合器。
图中①为发动机输入构件，②为输出构件，③为电机输入构件，④、⑤和⑥为传动构件。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、内容、和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，所述装置通过发动机Engine、两个电机、三个行星排、三个离合器和三个制动器来实现纯电低速启动、串联驱动、并联驱动、混联驱动和固定机械挡模式；具体结构如图1所示：
所述两个电机分为：第一电机ISG和第二电机MG；
所述三个离合器分为：第一离合器C1、第二离合器C2和第三离合器C3；
所述三个制动器分为：第一制动器B1、第二制动器B2和第三制动器B3；
其中，第一个行星排为内外啮合单星行星排，包括：一排齿圈R1、一排行星架PC1、一排太阳轮S1和一排行星轮P1；所述一排行星轮P1同时和一排太阳轮S1、一排齿圈R1啮合；所述一排行星架PC1用于支撑一排行星轮P1；
第二个行星排为内外啮合单星行星排，包括：二排齿圈R2、二排行星架PC2、二排太阳轮S2和二排行星轮P2；所述二排行星轮P2同时和二排太阳轮S2、二排齿圈R2啮合；所述二排行星架PC2用于支撑二排行星轮P2；
第三个行星排为内外啮合单星行星排，包括：三排齿圈R3、三排行星架PC3、三排太阳轮S3和三排行星轮P3；所述三排行星轮P3同时和三排太阳轮S3、三排齿圈R3啮合；所述三排行星架PC3用于支撑三排行星轮P3；
所述第一电机ISG直接连接发动机Engine，然后通过阻尼减振器ZN与第一离合器C1、第二离合器C2和第三离合器C3外毂固定连接；
所述一排太阳轮S1与第二电机MG、第三离合器C3内毂、第三制动器B3内毂和二排太阳轮S2固定连接；所述一排行星架PC1与第二制动器B2內毂、第二离合器C2内毂和二排行星架PC2固定连接；所述一排齿圈R1分别与三排齿圈R3和第一制动器B1固定连接；
所述二排齿圈R2分别与三排行星架PC3及输出轴Output固定连接；
所述三排太阳轮S3与第一离合器C1内毂固定连接；
所述第一制动器B1、第二制动器B2和第三制动器B3外毂固定在变速器壳体上。
其中，所述三个内外啮合单星行星排的内传动比，即行星排的齿圈与太阳轮的齿数比分别为：
一排齿圈R1与一排太阳轮S1：ZR1/ZS1＝3.5；
二排齿圈R2与二排太阳轮S2：ZR2/ZS2＝2；
三排齿圈R3与三排太阳轮S3：ZR3/ZS3＝2.5。
其中，在结合所述第一制动器B1的情况下，形成第二电机MG纯电驱动的第一纯电驱动模式。
其中，在结合所述第二制动器B2的情况下，形成第二电机MG纯电驱动的第二纯电驱动模式。
其中，第二电机MG纯电驱动时，第一电机ISG可工作在发电机状态，给电池充电或给第二电机MG供电，形成串联驱动模式。
其中，在结合所述第一制动器B1和第一离合器C1的情况下，发动机助力，形成发动机和双电机并联驱动的第一种模式；
在结合所述第二制动器B2和第一离合器C1的情况下，发动机助力，形成发动机和双电机并联驱动的第二种模式；
在结合所述第一制动器B1和第三离合器C3的情况下，发动机助力，形成发动机和双电机并联驱动的第三种模式。
其中，在结合所述第一离合器C1的情况下，形成发动机和双电机混联混合驱动的第一种模式；
在结合所述第二离合器C2的情况下，形成发动机和双电机混联混合驱动的第二种模式。
其中，在结合所述第一离合器C1和第一制动器B1的情况下，形成第一机械挡位；
在结合所述第一离合器C1和第二制动器B2的情况下，形成第二机械挡位；
在结合所述第一离合器C1和第三制动器B3，形成第三机械挡位；
在结合所述第一离合器C1和第二离合器C2的情况下，形成第四机械挡位；
在结合所述第二离合器C2和第三制动器B3的情况下，形成第五机械挡位。
其中，在结合所述第三离合器C3和第一制动器B1的情况下，形成第一倒挡。
其中，在结合所述第三离合器C3和第二制动器B2的情况下，形成第二倒挡。
实施例1
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，实现本实施例的技术方案如图1所示，此图描述了混合驱动装置的具体方案，其由发动机、两个电机、三个行星排、三个离合器和三个制动器来实现纯电低速启动、串联驱动、并联驱动、混联驱动和固定机械挡等模式。
为了方便说明，转动部件依次定义为：①—发动机Engine和第一电机ISG输出轴通过阻尼减振器ZN与离合器C1外毂和离合器C2外毂及离合器C3外毂连接组成，②—输出轴Output及二排齿圈R2和三排行星架PC3，③—第二电机MG输出轴及离合器C3内毂及制动器B3内毂和一排太阳轮S1及二排太阳轮S2，④—一排行星架PC1及二排行星架PC2和制动器B2内毂及离合器C2内毂，⑤—一排齿圈R1及三排齿圈R3和制动器B1内毂，⑥—三排太阳轮S3及离合器C1内毂；操纵件B1、B2和B3为制动器，操纵件C1、C2和C3为离合器。
第一制动器B1及第二制动器B2和第三制动器B3外毂固定在变速器壳体上。
所述制动器B1即用于制动构件⑤；
所述制动器B2即用于制动构件④；
所述制动器B3即用于制动构件③；
所述离合器C1即用于连接构件①和构件⑥；
所述离合器C2即用于连接构件①和构件④；
所述离合器C3即用于连接构件①和构件③。
上述技术方案中，采用三个内外啮合单星行星排，用六个操纵件(三个离合器、三个制动器)将每个排的基本构件(齿圈、行星架和太阳轮)与电机、发动机、输出轴和箱体直接或间接连接。
以下是各个工作模式实现的说明，此混合驱动装置可以实现纯电驱动模式标记为EV，串联驱动模式SH，并联驱动模式PD，混联式混合驱动模式PS，五个前进机械挡分别标记为：D1-D4和两个倒挡机械挡RD1和RD2。现分析如下：
(1)纯电驱动模式EV
纯电驱动模式主要用于起步、倒挡和低速城市工况。
结合所述第一制动器B1，动力通过第二电机MG输入一排太阳轮S1，由于一排齿圈R1制动，动力从二排齿圈R2即输出轴②输出，形成纯电驱动模式EV1。
结合所述第二制动器B2，动力通过第二电机MG输入二排太阳轮S2，由于二排行星架PC2制动，动力从二排齿圈R2即输出轴②输出，形成纯电驱动模式EV2。
(2)串联驱动模式SH
串联驱动模式主要用于当电池电量不足时的低速城市工况，或者需要发动机给电池充电时。
当结合所述第一制动器B1或第二制动器B2，第二电机MG工作在纯电驱动模式时，发动机工作，第一电机ISG工作在发电模式，给电池充电或者供给电能给第二电机驱动，形成第一电机发电同时第二电机电动的串联驱动模式SH。
(3)并联驱动模式PD
并联驱动模式主要用于起步和低速城市工况，当纯电驱动模式动力不足时，发动机和第一电机助力。
结合所述第一制动器B1和第一离合器C1，由于一排齿圈R1和三排齿圈R3制动，第二电机MG动力从一排太阳轮S1输入，发动机Engine和第一电机ISG动力通过三排太阳轮S3输入，然后从三排行星架PC3即输出轴②输出，形成发动机助力，第一电机和第二电机共同驱动的并联驱动模式PD1。
结合所述第二制动器B2和第一离合器C1，由于一排行星架PC1和二排行星架PC2制动，第二电机MG动力从一排太阳轮S1输入，发动机Engine和第一电机ISG动力通过三排太阳轮S3输入，然后从三排行星架PC3即输出轴②输出，形成发动机助力，第一电机和第二电机共同驱动的并联驱动模式PD2。
结合所述第一制动器B1和第三离合器C3，发动机Engine和第一电机ISG动力和第二电机MG动力共同输入一排太阳轮S1，由于一排齿圈R1制动，动力通过二排齿圈R2即输出轴②输出，形成发动机助力，第一电机和第二电机共同驱动的适用于倒车的并联驱动模式PDR。
(4)混联式混合驱动模式PS
结合所述第一离合器C1，三个行星排组成功率分流机构。
当第二电机MG转速与发动机转速相反时，工作在发电状态，第一电机ISG工作在电动状态。发动机Engine和第一电机ISG功率输入，通过行星排功率分流一部分输入到第二电机MG转化成电能，供给电池，另一部分功率通过行星排输出轴②输出驱动车辆。
当第二电机MG转速与发动机转速相同时，第二电机MG工作在电动状态，第一电机ISG工作在发电状态。发动机Engine一部分功率输入到第一电机ISG，另一部分功率输入到行星排，第二电机MG工作在电动状态，可用第一电机或电池等储能元件电能，第二电机MG功率通过功率分流机构和发动机Engine的另一部分功率汇流然后通过输出轴②输出驱动车辆。
通过第二电机MG转速调节，可实现输出无级变速，形成混联式混合驱动模式PS1，主要用于中速行驶工况。
结合所述第二离合器C2，一排和三排不工作，二排单独为功率分流机构。
当第二电机MG转速与发动机转速相同时，工作在发电状态，第一电机ISG工作在电动状态。发动机Engine和第一电机ISG功率通过行星排分流机构一部分通过第二电机MG转化成电能，另一部分功率通过行星排分流机构输出轴②输出驱动车辆。
当第二电机MG转速与发动机转速相反时，工作在电动状态，第一电机ISG工作在发电状态。发动机Engine首先一部分功率通过第一电机ISG转化成电能，然后另一部分功率输入到功率分流机构中。第二电机MG工作在电动状态，该电机动力通过功率分流机构和发动机Engine的另一部分功率汇流共同通过输出轴②输出驱动车辆。
通过第二电机MG转速调节，可实现输出无级变速，形成混联式混合驱动模式PS2，主要用于高速行驶工况。
(5)前进机械挡工况D1-D5
结合所述第一离合器C1和第一制动器B1，一排和二排不工作，三排齿圈R3制动，发动机Engine动力从三排太阳轮S3输入，从三排行星架PC3即输出轴②输出，形成第一机械挡位D1。
结合所述第一离合器C1和第二制动器B2，一排行星架PC1和二排行星架PC2制动，三个行星排都工作，发动机Engine动力从三排太阳轮S3输入，从输出轴②输出，形成第二机械挡位D2。
结合所述第一离合器C1和第三制动器B3，一排太阳轮S1和二排太阳轮S2制动，三个行星排都工作，发动机Engine动力从三排太阳轮S3输入，从输出轴②输出，形成第三机械挡位D3。
结合所述第一离合器C1和第二离合器C2，三个行星排整体回转，形成直接挡，发动机Engine动力从三排太阳轮S3和二排行星架PC2输入，从输出轴②输出，形成第四机械挡位D4。
结合所述第二离合器C2和第三制动器B3，一排和三排不工作，二排太阳轮S2制动，发动机Engine动力从二排行星架PC2输入，从二排齿圈R2即输出轴②输出，形成第五机械挡位D5。
(6)倒挡机械挡工况RD1-RD2
结合所述第三离合器C3和第一制动器B1，三排不工作，一排齿圈R1制动，发动机Engine动力从一排太阳轮S1输入，从二排齿圈R2即输出轴②输出，形成第一倒挡机械挡位RD1。
结合所述第三离合器C3和第二制动器B2，一排和三排不工作，二排行星架PC2制动，发动机Engine动力从二排太阳轮S2输入，从二排齿圈R2即输出轴②输出，形成第二倒挡机械挡位RD2。
各模式传动比范围由三个行星排的k值决定，即行星排的齿圈与太阳轮的齿数比。例如，三个排k值分别取：
一排齿圈(R1)与一排太阳轮(S1)：ZR1/ZS1＝3.5。
二排齿圈(R2)与二排太阳轮(S2)：ZR2/ZS2＝2。
三排齿圈(R3)与三排太阳轮(S3)：ZR3/ZS3＝2.5。
表1为混合驱动模式实现方式和传动比范围，此表描述了实现模式所需要结合的操纵件。
表1实现各模式的操纵件结合顺序及传动比
Figure BDA0003174838970000121
Figure BDA0003174838970000131
表中“√”表示操纵件结合。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，所述装置通过发动机(Engine)、两个电机、三个行星排、三个离合器和三个制动器来实现纯电低速启动、串联驱动、并联驱动、混联驱动和固定机械挡模式；
所述两个电机分为：第一电机(ISG)和第二电机(MG)；
所述三个离合器分为：第一离合器(C1)、第二离合器(C2)和第三离合器(C3)；
所述三个制动器分为：第一制动器(B1)、第二制动器(B2)和第三制动器(B3)；
其中，第一个行星排为内外啮合单星行星排，包括：一排齿圈(R1)、一排行星架(PC1)、一排太阳轮(S1)和一排行星轮(P1)；所述一排行星轮(P1)同时和一排太阳轮(S1)、一排齿圈(R1)啮合；所述一排行星架(PC1)用于支撑一排行星轮(P1)；
第二个行星排为内外啮合单星行星排，包括：二排齿圈(R2)、二排行星架(PC2)、二排太阳轮(S2)和二排行星轮(P2)；所述二排行星轮(P2)同时和二排太阳轮(S2)、二排齿圈(R2)啮合；所述二排行星架(PC2)用于支撑二排行星轮(P2)；
第三个行星排为内外啮合单星行星排，包括：三排齿圈(R3)、三排行星架(PC3)、三排太阳轮(S3)和三排行星轮(P3)；所述三排行星轮(P3)同时和三排太阳轮(S3)、三排齿圈(R3)啮合；所述三排行星架(PC3)用于支撑三排行星轮(P3)；
所述第一电机(ISG)直接连接发动机(Engine)，然后通过阻尼减振器(ZN)与第一离合器(C1)、第二离合器(C2)和第三离合器(C3)外毂固定连接；
所述一排太阳轮(S1)与第二电机(MG)、第三离合器(C3)内毂、第三制动器(B3)内毂和二排太阳轮(S2)固定连接；所述一排行星架(PC1)与第二制动器(B2)內毂、第二离合器(C2)内毂和二排行星架(PC2)固定连接；所述一排齿圈(R1)分别与三排齿圈(R3)和第一制动器(B1)固定连接；
所述二排齿圈(R2)分别与三排行星架(PC3)及输出轴(Output)固定连接；
所述三排太阳轮(S3)与第一离合器(C1)内毂固定连接；
所述第一制动器(B1)、第二制动器(B2)和第三制动器(B3)外毂固定在变速器壳体上。
2.如权利要求1所述的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，所述三个内外啮合单星行星排的内传动比，即行星排的齿圈与太阳轮的齿数比分别为：
一排齿圈(R1)与一排太阳轮(S1)：ZR1/ZS1＝3.5；
二排齿圈(R2)与二排太阳轮(S2)：ZR2/ZS2＝2；
三排齿圈(R3)与三排太阳轮(S3)：ZR3/ZS3＝2.5。
3.如权利要求1所述的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，在结合所述第一制动器(B1)的情况下，形成第二电机(MG)纯电驱动的第一纯电驱动模式。
4.如权利要求1所述的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，在结合所述第二制动器(B2)的情况下，形成第二电机(MG)纯电驱动的第二纯电驱动模式。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，第二电机(MG)纯电驱动时，第一电机(ISG)可工作在发电机状态，给电池充电或给第二电机(MG)供电，形成串联驱动模式。
6.如权利要求1所述的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，在结合所述第一制动器(B1)和第一离合器(C1)的情况下，发动机助力，形成发动机和双电机并联驱动的第一种模式；
在结合所述第二制动器(B2)和第一离合器(C1)的情况下，发动机助力，形成发动机和双电机并联驱动的第二种模式；
在结合所述第一制动器(B1)和第三离合器(C3)的情况下，发动机助力，形成发动机和双电机并联驱动的第三种模式。
7.如权利要求1所述的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，在结合所述第一离合器(C1)的情况下，形成发动机和双电机混联混合驱动的第一种模式；
在结合所述第二离合器(C2)的情况下，形成发动机和双电机混联混合驱动的第二种模式。
8.如权利要求1所述的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，在结合所述第一离合器(C1)和第一制动器(B1)的情况下，形成第一机械挡位；
在结合所述第一离合器(C1)和第二制动器(B2)的情况下，形成第二机械挡位；
在结合所述第一离合器(C1)和第三制动器(B3)，形成第三机械挡位；
在结合所述第一离合器(C1)和第二离合器(C2)的情况下，形成第四机械挡位；
在结合所述第二离合器(C2)和第三制动器(B3)的情况下，形成第五机械挡位。
9.如权利要求1所述的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，在结合所述第三离合器(C3)和第一制动器(B1)的情况下，形成第一倒挡。
10.如权利要求1所述的适用于商用车的混联式油电混合驱动装置，其特征在于，在结合所述第三离合器(C3)和第二制动器(B2)的情况下，形成第二倒挡。
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