CN113494321B - High-pressure cylinder zero-output-force-based bus pipe connection system and operation method - Google Patents
High-pressure cylinder zero-output-force-based bus pipe connection system and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113494321B CN113494321B CN202110448354.2A CN202110448354A CN113494321B CN 113494321 B CN113494321 B CN 113494321B CN 202110448354 A CN202110448354 A CN 202110448354A CN 113494321 B CN113494321 B CN 113494321B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01D13/02—Working-fluid interconnection of machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-pressure cylinder zero-output-based main pipe connection system and an operation method thereof. The additional system is used for respectively communicating the reheating hot section steam and a water supply pipeline at the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater to the corresponding main pipes. When partial unit boilers are shut down, are in hot standby or are in two-shift operation, the steam turbine of the blowing-out unit can obtain reheating hot section steam by controlling the connection valve group between each main pipe and the unit, a small amount of steam is fed into the high-pressure cylinder of the blowing-out unit, only the temperature in the high-pressure cylinder is maintained and the axial thrust of the rotor is balanced, and the medium-low pressure cylinder and the corresponding reheating system work normally, so that the blowing-out is realized without shutdown. By adopting the method, the unit can realize further machine-furnace decoupling under the operation condition of 'less furnaces and multiple machines', further reduce the output power rate of the steam turbine generator unit under the operation condition of deep peak shaving under the normal operation condition of the boiler in operation, and improve the flexibility of the unit and the unit generating capacity under the accident state of the boiler equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a high-pressure cylinder zero-output-based main pipe system connecting system and an operation method.
Background
The energy structure of China has the main characteristics that the coal-electricity ratio is too large, the fuel gas storage is insufficient, the proportion of the energy storage power station is less than 2%, and in order to meet the requirement of renewable energy consumption and guarantee the operation safety of a power grid, the state guides and stimulates a coal-electricity unit to participate in peak shaving from the policy level.
The continuous increase of new energy power generation proportion requires that the traditional coal-fired thermal power generating unit has stronger peak regulation capacity, especially deep peak regulation capacity.
The main means for improving the deep peak regulation capability of the unit at present is boiler low-load stable combustion adaptability optimization transformation and optimization operation, and a thermoelectric decoupling technology of a steam turbine. On one hand, the deep peak regulation capability of the two technologies is greatly limited, for example, the lower limit value of the load is reduced limitedly under the condition of stable combustion of a boiler, and on the other hand, the thermoelectric decoupling technology needs a larger heat user as support.
Therefore, the development of the unit deep peak regulation technology under the full-operation working condition has important significance for the increase of the installed capacity of new energy and the continuous storage of the thermal power unit in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-pressure cylinder zero-output-based master control connection system and an operation method, so that the deep peak shaving capacity and flexibility of a unit under the global working condition are improved.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a high-pressure cylinder zero-output-based main pipe connection system comprises a steam-water system of a steam turbine set and an additional system; wherein, add the system and include: the reheating thermal section steam is communicated with the main pipe, the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater is communicated with the main pipe and the high-medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe;
the reheating heat section steam communication main pipe is connected with reheating heat section steam pipelines of the boiler of each unit, the connection point is arranged on a pipeline between a boiler reheater steam outlet valve bank and the inlet of a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder, and a single machine to reheating heat section steam communication main pipe control and isolation valve bank is arranged between the connection point and the reheating heat section steam communication main pipe;
the third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe is connected with the water supply pipeline of the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater of each unit, the connection point is arranged on the water supply pipeline between the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater and the inlet of the second-stage high-pressure heater, and a single-machine to third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe control and isolation valve group is arranged between the connection point and the third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe;
the high-medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe is connected with a high-pressure cylinder steam inlet pipeline and a medium-pressure cylinder steam inlet pipeline of each unit, and a high-medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe control and isolation valve group is arranged in the middle of the pipelines.
The invention is further improved in that the steam-water system of the steam turbine set comprises boilers 1, 2, … … and n, wherein the outlet of a superheated steam pipeline of each boiler is communicated with the steam inlet of a high-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet of a high-pressure cylinder is communicated with the inlet of a reheated steam pipeline of the boiler, the outlet of the reheated steam pipeline of the boiler is communicated with the steam inlet of an intermediate-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is communicated with the steam inlet of a low-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with a condenser, the steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is communicated with the steam inlet of a high-pressure heating system, the steam outlet of the intermediate-pressure cylinder is communicated with the steam inlet of a deaerator, the steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with the steam inlet of a low-pressure heating system, and the condenser, the condensate pump, the low-pressure heating system, the deaerator and the water feeding pump are sequentially communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet of the high-pressure heating system, and the water outlet of the high-pressure heating system is communicated with the inlet of a water feeding pipeline of the boiler.
The invention is further improved in that when only two units are provided, the two units are connected by using a communicating pipe equipped with an isolation valve group and a control valve group.
An operation method of a high-pressure cylinder zero-output-based bustle pipe connection system is based on the high-pressure cylinder zero-output-based bustle pipe connection system, and takes the shutdown of a No. 1 unit boiler in a plurality of units as an example, and comprises the following steps:
when the No. 1 boiler is stopped, closing the main steam control and isolation valve group of the No. 1 boiler to prevent steam from flowing back to the stopped boiler; closing a reheating hot section steam control and isolation valve group of the No. 1 machine, opening a reheating hot section steam communication main pipe control and isolation valve group, and simultaneously supplying reheating hot section steam to the No. 1 steam turbine and the local unit steam turbine by boilers of other units; opening a steam inlet control and isolation valve group of the intermediate pressure cylinder of the No. 1 machine, and allowing most of steam entering a reheating thermal section of the No. 1 machine set to enter the intermediate pressure cylinder of the No. 1 machine set; opening a control and isolation valve group of a high and medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe, allowing a small part of steam to enter a No. 1 unit high pressure cylinder through the high and medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe, cooling the high pressure cylinder and balancing axial thrust of a rotor, and allowing a small part of high pressure cylinder exhaust steam to directly enter a condenser through a ventilating pipe; the intermediate pressure cylinder, the third-stage high-pressure heater, the deaerator, the low pressure cylinder, the low pressure heater system and the condenser of the No. 1 engine normally work; closing a final water supply control and isolation valve group of the machine No. 1, preventing the water supply from flowing backwards to a boiler blowing out, opening a water supply communication main pipe control and isolation valve group at the outlet of a third-stage high-pressure heater, completely feeding the water supply of the machine No. 1 into first-stage and second-stage high-pressure heaters of other machine sets through a water supply communication main pipe at the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater for heating, conveying the heated water supply to other machine set boilers, and continuing the next steam-water circulation.
A further improvement of the invention is that boiler shutdown refers to maintenance, failure, unit two shift operation, unit hot standby, and all other situations where there is a planned or unplanned shutdown of the boiler plant.
The invention further improves the method that the valve group refers to a regulating valve and an isolating valve.
A further development of the invention is that the valves are of the kind electrically, pneumatically, hydraulically and manually operated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the unit can operate under the condition of less furnaces and multiple machines, and the machine-furnace decoupling is realized to a certain degree. Namely, the steam turbine generator unit still has the power generation function under the condition that a single boiler is shut down;
(2) by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, when a certain boiler is stopped, a certain steam turbine can realize that the high-pressure cylinder does not work, only a small amount of cooling steam is introduced to ensure the operation safety, the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine does not extract steam, the corresponding heater also stops operating, and the feed water is conveyed to the high-pressure heaters of other units at the outlet of the last working heater for heating. Because the steam inlet flow of the non-stop high-pressure cylinder is obviously increased relative to the working condition of all the high-pressure cylinders of the plurality of units, the steam extraction pressure of the working high-pressure cylinder is obviously improved, the water supply temperature is also obviously improved, and the economic efficiency of the unit under the deep peak regulation working condition is improved. In addition, because a high-pressure cylinder of a certain steam turbine is withdrawn from operation, the loads of a plurality of units can be distributed among different units more flexibly, and the reduction of the lower limit value of the deep peak load of the units is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Reference numbers (Pn refers to pump of nth unit, Vn refers to valve of nth unit):
pn-1, a water supply pump,
pn-2, a condensate pump,
vn-1, a reheating thermal section steam is communicated with a main pipe control and isolation valve bank,
vn-2, a reheating hot section steam control and an isolation valve bank,
vn-3, a high-pressure cylinder steam inlet control and an isolation valve bank,
vn-4, a steam inlet control and isolation valve set of the intermediate pressure cylinder,
vn-5, a high and middle pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe control and isolation valve group,
vn-6, boiler final water supply control, and an isolation valve set,
vn-7, a water supply communication main pipe control and isolation valve group at the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater,
vn-8, a high-pressure cylinder exhaust air duct control and isolation valve bank,
vn-9, a reheating cold section steam control and an isolation valve bank.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the system for interconnecting the boilers and the turbines of different units provided by the invention comprises a conventional boiler, a steam-water system of the turbine unit and an additional system. Wherein, add the system and include: the reheating thermal section steam is communicated with the main pipe, the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater is communicated with the main pipe, the high-intermediate pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe and the corresponding control and shutoff valve group.
Wherein, the steam-water system of the steam turbine set comprises boilers 1, 2, … … and n, the outlet of the superheated steam pipeline of each boiler is communicated with the steam inlet of the high-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is communicated with the inlet of the reheated steam pipeline of the boiler, the outlet of the reheated steam pipeline of the boiler is communicated with the steam inlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder, the steam outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder is communicated with the steam inlet of the low-pressure cylinder, the steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with the condenser, the steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is communicated with the steam inlet of the high-pressure heating system, the steam outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder is communicated with the steam inlet of the deaerator, the steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with the steam inlet of the low-pressure heating system, and the condenser, the condensate pump, the low-pressure heating system, the deaerator and the water feeding pump are sequentially communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet of the high-pressure heating system, and the water outlet of the high-pressure heating system is communicated with the inlet of a water feeding pipeline of the boiler.
The reheating thermal section steam communication main pipe in the additionally-arranged system is connected in a mode that: the reheating thermal section steam communication main pipe is connected with reheating thermal section steam pipelines of the boilers of the units, the connection point is arranged on a pipeline between the reheating thermal section steam pipeline isolation of the boiler, a control valve bank Vn-2 and a steam inlet isolation of a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder and a control valve bank Vn-4, and a single machine is arranged between the connection point and the reheating thermal section steam communication main pipe, and a control and isolation valve bank Vn-1 is arranged between the connection point and the reheating thermal section steam communication main pipe.
The third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe in the additionally-arranged system is connected in a manner that: the third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe is connected with water supply pipelines of the outlets of the third-stage high-pressure heaters of the units, the connection point is arranged on the water supply pipeline between the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater and the inlet of the second-stage high-pressure heater, and a single-machine to third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe control and isolation valve group Vn-7 is arranged between the connection point and the third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe.
The connection mode of the steam inlet communicating pipe of the high-medium pressure cylinder in the additionally-arranged system is as follows: the high and medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe is connected with a high pressure cylinder steam inlet pipeline and a medium pressure cylinder steam inlet pipeline of each unit, and a high and medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe control and isolation valve bank Vn-5 is arranged in the middle of the pipelines.
The invention provides a high-efficiency operation method for interconnection of boilers and steam turbines among different units, which takes the shutdown of a boiler of a unit No. 1 in a plurality of units as an example and comprises the following operation contents:
when the boiler of the No. 1 machine is stopped, the high-pressure cylinder steam inlet isolation valve group V1-3, the cold reheat section steam isolation valve group V1-9 and the hot reheat section steam isolation valve group V1-2 of the No. 1 machine are closed, and steam is prevented from flowing back to the stopped boiler. Opening a reheat hot section steam communication main pipe control and isolation valve group V1-1, opening other operation unit reheat hot section steam communication main pipe control and isolation valve groups Vm-1(m is 2,3,4, …, n, is the serial number of other operation units and can be multiple units), and the boilers of other units can simultaneously supply reheat hot section steam for a No. 1 steam turbine and a local unit steam turbine; opening a steam inlet control and isolation valve group V1-4 of the intermediate pressure cylinder of the No. 1 machine set, and allowing most of steam entering a reheating hot section of the No. 1 machine set to enter the intermediate pressure cylinder of the No. 1 machine set; and opening a control and isolation valve group V1-5 of a high and medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe, allowing a small part of steam to enter the high pressure cylinder of the No. 1 unit through the high and medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe, cooling the high pressure cylinder, balancing the axial thrust of a rotor and the like, opening a control and isolation valve group V1-8 of a high pressure cylinder steam exhaust ventilating pipe, and allowing a small part of high pressure cylinder steam exhaust to directly enter a condenser. No. 1 machine intermediate pressure jar, tertiary high pressure feed water heater, oxygen-eliminating device, low pressure jar, low pressure feed water heater system and condenser normal work. Closing the final water supply control and isolation valve group V1-6 of the No. 1 machine, preventing the water supply from flowing backwards to the boiler blowing out, opening the water supply communication main pipe control and isolation valve group V1-7 at the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater, enabling the water supply of the No. 1 machine to completely enter the first-stage high-pressure heater and the second-stage high-pressure heater of other machine sets through the water supply communication main pipe at the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater for heating, conveying the heated water supply to the boilers of other machine sets, and continuing the next steam-water circulation.
Table 1 shows the comparison between the operation states of the main valves and the equipment of the system under the conventional unit system operation condition and the operation states of the main valves and the equipment of the system under the less-furnace multi-machine operation condition by using the method of the present invention.
Table 1 takes two units as an example, the unit system operation is that the two units both operate normally, the less-furnace multi-machine system operation is that the No. 1 unit boiler stops operating, and the No. 2 unit boiler supplies main steam to the No. 1 unit turbine and the No. 2 unit turbine at the same time.
The invention provides a system for interconnecting boilers and turbines among different units, and by adopting the method, the units can realize further machine-furnace decoupling under the operation condition of 'few furnaces and multiple machines', and the output power rate of the steam turbine generator unit under the operation condition of deep peak shaving is further reduced under the normal operation condition of operating the boiler. By using the invention, under the deep peak regulation operation condition, the first-stage high-pressure heater and the second-stage high-pressure heater of the blowing-out unit can be out of work, the medium-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine of the blowing-out unit can work normally, and the flexibility of the unit under the deep peak regulation operation condition and the unit generating capacity under the accident state of the boiler equipment are improved.
Claims (1)
1. A method for operating a high-pressure cylinder zero-output-based busway pipe connection system is characterized in that the method is based on the high-pressure cylinder zero-output-based busway pipe connection system, and the system comprises a steam-water system of a steam turbine set and an additional system; wherein, add the system and include: the reheating thermal section steam is communicated with the main pipe, the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater is communicated with the main pipe and the high-medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe;
the reheating heat section steam communication main pipe is connected with reheating heat section steam pipelines of the boiler of each unit, the connection point is arranged on a pipeline between a boiler reheater steam outlet valve bank and the inlet of a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder, and a single machine to reheating heat section steam communication main pipe control and isolation valve bank is arranged between the connection point and the reheating heat section steam communication main pipe; the third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe is connected with the water supply pipeline of the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater of each unit, the connection point is arranged on the water supply pipeline between the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater and the inlet of the second-stage high-pressure heater, and a single-machine to third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe control and isolation valve group is arranged between the connection point and the third-stage high-pressure heater outlet water supply communication main pipe; the high-medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe is connected with a high-pressure cylinder steam inlet pipeline and a medium-pressure cylinder steam inlet pipeline of each unit, and a high-medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe control and isolation valve group is arranged in the middle of the pipelines; the steam-water system of the steam turbine set comprises a plurality of boilers, wherein an outlet of a superheated steam pipeline of each boiler is communicated with a steam inlet of a high-pressure cylinder, a steam outlet of a high-pressure cylinder is communicated with an inlet of a reheated steam pipeline of the boiler, an outlet of the reheated steam pipeline of the boiler is communicated with a steam inlet of a medium-pressure cylinder, a steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder is communicated with a steam inlet of a low-pressure cylinder, a steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with a condenser, a steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is communicated with a steam inlet of a high-pressure heating system, a steam outlet of the medium-pressure cylinder is communicated with a steam inlet of a deaerator, a steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is communicated with a steam inlet of a low-pressure heating system, the condenser, a condensate pump, the low-pressure heating system, the deaerator and a water feed pump are sequentially communicated with water inlets and water feed pipes of the boilers;
in a plurality of units, when the boiler of the unit 1 is stopped, the main steam control and isolation valve group of the boiler of the unit 1 is closed to prevent steam from flowing back to the stopped boiler; closing a reheating hot section steam control and isolation valve group of the No. 1 unit, opening a reheating hot section steam communication main pipe control and isolation valve group, and simultaneously supplying reheating hot section steam to the No. 1 steam turbine and the local unit steam turbine by boilers of other units; opening a steam inlet control and isolation valve group of the intermediate pressure cylinder of the No. 1 unit, and allowing most of steam entering the reheating thermal section of the No. 1 unit to enter the intermediate pressure cylinder of the No. 1 unit; opening a control and isolation valve group of a high and medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe, allowing a small part of steam to enter a No. 1 unit high pressure cylinder through the high and medium pressure cylinder steam inlet communicating pipe, cooling the high pressure cylinder and balancing the axial thrust of a rotor, and allowing a small part of high pressure cylinder exhaust steam to directly enter a condenser through a ventilating pipe; the intermediate pressure cylinder, the third-stage high-pressure heater, the deaerator, the low-pressure cylinder, the low-pressure heater system and the condenser of the No. 1 unit normally work; closing a final water supply control and isolation valve group of the unit No. 1, preventing the water supply from flowing backwards to a boiler blowing out, opening a water supply communication main pipe control and isolation valve group at the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater, enabling the water supply of the unit No. 1 to completely enter the first-stage high-pressure heater and the second-stage high-pressure heater of other units through the water supply communication main pipe at the outlet of the third-stage high-pressure heater for heating, conveying the heated water supply to the boilers of other units, and continuing the next steam-water circulation.
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