CN113493217A - Treatment method for recycling aluminum slag ash - Google Patents
Treatment method for recycling aluminum slag ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN113493217A CN113493217A CN202010420700.1A CN202010420700A CN113493217A CN 113493217 A CN113493217 A CN 113493217A CN 202010420700 A CN202010420700 A CN 202010420700A CN 113493217 A CN113493217 A CN 113493217A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/021—After-treatment of oxides or hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method for recycling aluminum slag ash, which comprises the following steps: crushing and screening the recovered aluminum slag to obtain aluminum slag ash; adding a proper amount of aluminum powder modifier into the aluminum slag ash in a stirring tank, and stirring to obtain a mixture; providing a kinetic energy dryer with the height of more than 12 meters, and heating the mixture at a temperature which is gradually decreased from 1400 ℃ to 600 ℃ from top to bottom so as to remove aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide contained in the aluminum slag ash and generate alumina powder; the alumina powder recovered by the method can not decompose ammonia and methane, can achieve the effect of stable quality, has good texture, can be made into recycled raw materials of high-alumina refractory materials (non-shaped mud-shaped or powdery and shaped refractory materials), ceramics, cement and the like, and further improves the economic value of the raw materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to resource recycling, in particular to a method for recycling aluminum slag ash, which is a recycling raw material prepared by mixing and heating aluminum powder modifier to be qualitative.
Background
At present, in the secondary smelting process of the waste aluminum material, metal aluminum is melted into molten aluminum under the action of high temperature; because of the high chemical activity of the aluminum element, the surface of the aluminum water is very easy to react with oxygen in the air, and an aluminum oxide thin layer is formed on the surface of the aluminum water, and the aluminum oxide thin layer is aluminum slag generated by secondary aluminum smelting; because a part of metallic aluminum remains in the aluminum slag, the aluminum slag is generally treated by screening and recycling the metallic aluminum, and discarding the remaining matters, i.e., secondary aluminum slag ash, referred to as aluminum slag ash for short.
The aluminum slag ash comprises aluminum oxide, fine metal aluminum, salts, aluminum nitride, aluminum carbide, magnesium oxide, silicon oxide and iron oxide, the particle size of the aluminum slag ash is usually below 20 meshes, and the aluminum slag ash is powdery as a whole; wherein, aluminium nitride and aluminium carbide account for about 20% of aluminium slag ash weight, and when aluminium slag ash was contacting with water, aluminium nitride can continuously decompose and release the ammonia that has the stink, and aluminium carbide then can decompose and release combustible gas methane, causes serious pollution to the environment.
Because the aluminum slag ash can generate gases such as ammonia gas and methane when reacting with water, further causing odor and damaging the environment, the government environmental protection department has more restrictions on the treatment of the aluminum slag ash as waste. Because the aluminum oxide and the silicon dioxide which account for 35 to 55 percent of the weight of the aluminum slag ash have excellent fire-resistant property, the aluminum slag ash is mostly made into the raw materials of the fire-resistant material by the manufacturers at late, thereby reducing the pollution impact on the environment, achieving the purpose of recycling the aluminum slag ash and even creating higher economic value.
However, according to the "research on making refractory material from aluminum smelting slag as raw material" published by the society of mineral and metallurgical engineering of china ", it is disclosed that aluminum nitride in aluminum slag ash reacts with aqueous solution of binder to crack the rough blank of refractory material, or ammonia gas escapes during the making process, or ammonia gas escapes from the rough blank to crack the rough blank, so that the surface fineness of the finished product is not good; therefore, how to treat the aluminum slag ash thoroughly and harmlessly and how to improve the quality of the recycled raw materials of the aluminum slag ash are the problems to be solved by the industry.
Further, aluminum Oxide (Al)2O3) The aluminum oxide is a precise ceramic raw material, aluminum and oxygen in the oxide are strongly bonded, so that the aluminum oxide has the highest hardness in the oxide, and the aluminum oxide can be used for shaft seals, bearings, grinding materials, grinding wheels, dies, cutters, artificial gems and the like. Alumina has high chemical stability and is stable to most of acidThe solution has excellent corrosion resistance, and can be used for thermocouple protection tube, furnace tube, crucible and refractory material. Meanwhile, the aluminum oxide ceramic has high insulating strength, high resistivity and low dielectric loss, can be used for an insulating base and an integrated circuit substrate, and can replace a large number of metal parts with aluminum oxide, thereby overcoming the defects of easy corrosion, poor wear resistance, insufficient strength, easy deformation, no high temperature resistance and the like, not only aluminum oxide ceramic components are used in the high-tech semiconductor industry, but also the aluminum oxide ceramic components are gradually used in other industries for improving the efficiency and reducing the cost. Thus, alumina (Al)2O3) The invention is a material with high value, so how to completely and harmlessly treat the aluminum slag ash, recycle resources and obtain a high-quality aluminum oxide recycled raw material is the technical problem to be solved by the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to provide a method for making qualitative aluminum slag ash and further making qualitative aluminum slag ash as a resource raw material.
To achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following steps: (a) carrying out crushing and screening pretreatment on the aluminum slag waste produced by smelting to obtain metallic aluminum with the particle size larger than a preset mesh number (mesh) and aluminum slag ash with the particle size smaller than the preset mesh number; (b) adding a proper amount of aluminum powder modifier into the aluminum slag ash obtained in the previous step, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture; (c) providing a kinetic energy dryer which is vertical and has a height of at least more than 12 meters, heating the inside of the kinetic energy dryer to ensure that the inside of the kinetic energy dryer has a temperature decreasing from 1400 ℃ to 600 ℃ from top to bottom, and heating the mixture in the step (b) to remove aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide contained in the aluminum slag ash so as to achieve the effect of qualitative treatment; and (d) recovering the alumina powder produced by the qualitative treatment, and discharging the waste gas to the atmosphere after guiding.
Among them, it is preferable that the powdery aluminum modifier of the present invention includes any one of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid.
Wherein, preferably, the waste gas of the step (d) of the present invention further comprises a post-treatment through a guiding process, which is to separate and recycle the alumina fine powder included in the waste gas, and then discharge the clean waste gas into the atmosphere.
Wherein, preferably, the pretreatment in the invention is to crush the aluminum slag by a grinding device, and then to put a screening device at the rear end of the grinding device to screen the aluminum slag to obtain aluminum slag ash; a stirring tank is
Placing the mixture at the rear end of the screening equipment to contain the aluminum slag ash and the aluminum powder modifier and then stirring the mixture into a uniform mixture; a feeding pipe arranged at the rear end of the stirring tank and used for feeding the mixture into a kinetic energy dryer; a plurality of heating devices which are respectively arranged at the outer periphery of the kinetic energy dryer and are used for heating the mixture so as to remove aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide contained in the aluminum slag ash, achieve the effect of qualitative treatment and simultaneously generate alumina powder which falls into a collecting bag arranged at the lower end of the kinetic energy dryer for recycling; the post-processing equipment comprises a cyclone separator, a bag-type dust remover, an induced draft fan and a discharge pipe, wherein an air pipe is used for connecting the kinetic energy dryer with the cyclone separator, so that the waste gas in the kinetic energy dryer is discharged through the post-processing equipment, the alumina fine powder mixed with the waste gas is respectively recycled through the cyclone separator and the bag-type dust remover, and the clean waste gas is guided into the discharge pipe through the induced draft fan and is discharged into the atmosphere.
Preferably, the heating device of the kinetic dryer of the present invention is a gas burner, and the gas burner is used for burning gas to heat the mixture.
Preferably, in the present invention, the plurality of nozzles are disposed on the periphery of the furnace wall of the kinetic energy dryer, and are respectively arranged in a tangential direction and upward with the furnace wall, and the inlet end of the nozzles is further connected to the feeding pipe, so that the mixture is sucked by the negative pressure of the inner edge of the kinetic energy dryer, swirled to the top end by the cyclone-shaped airflow, and then moved downward in a swirling state, so that the mixture sufficiently and uniformly reacts with heat energy, thereby forming the alumina powder product with high hardness, high density and high purity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by the method, aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide in the aluminum powder modifier of phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid can be mixed with aluminum slag ash to generate chemical reaction to release ammonia and methane, and then the ammonia and the methane are completely combusted by heating the mixture by using a kinetic energy dryer, so that the problem of environmental protection is effectively solved; meanwhile, the aluminum nitride and the aluminum carbide which do not react chemically at the front section further react with oxygen in the kinetic energy dryer to generate aluminum oxide, and the aluminum oxide product at the front section and the aluminum oxide contained in the original aluminum slag ash are heated in the kinetic energy dryer together to generate fine white aluminum oxide powder with high hardness, high density and high purity for recovery; the alumina powder recovered by the method can not decompose ammonia and methane, can achieve the effect of stable quality, has good texture, can be made into recycled raw materials of high-alumina refractory materials (non-shaped mud-shaped or powdery and shaped refractory materials), ceramics, cement and the like, further improves the economic value of the raw materials and benefits the industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the apparatus of the present invention.
Description of the symbols:
10: grinding equipment
20: screening apparatus
30: agitation tank
40: feeding pipe
50: kinetic energy dryer
51: heating device/gas burner
52: nozzle with a nozzle body
60: cyclone separator
70: bag-type dust collector
80: draught fan
91: discharge pipe
92: air duct
B: collecting bag
R1: aluminum slag
R21: metallic aluminium
R22: aluminum slag ash
R23: aluminum powder modifier
R3: mixture of
R4: gas (es)
R51: alumina powder
R52: exhaust gas
R53: fine powder of alumina
Detailed Description
Firstly, the flow of the treatment method for recycling the aluminum slag ash mainly comprises three parts, namely pre-treatment, modification qualitative treatment and post-treatment; in the aluminum smelting process of a regenerative aluminum plant, the generated aluminum slag contains 15-40% of metal aluminum components, and can be recycled and smelted; the recovery method belongs to the pre-treatment, and comprises the steps of crushing the aluminum slag by using grinding equipment, recovering and smelting the metal aluminum with the particle size larger than 80 meshes by using screening equipment, and performing subsequent quality modification treatment on the aluminum slag ash with the particle size smaller than 100 meshes.
Firstly, placing the aluminum slag ash into a stirring tank, adding a proper amount of aluminum powder modifier, and stirring the mixture in the stirring tank to form a uniform mixture, wherein the aluminum powder modifier comprises any one of phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, so that the aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide in the mixture and the phosphoric acid or the sulfuric acid undergo the following chemical reaction;
1.AlN+H3PO4→Al4PO4+NH3
(1) (aluminum nitride) + (phosphoric acid) → (aluminum phosphate) + (ammonia)
2.2AlC+8H3PO4→8Al4PO4+6CH3+3H2
(2) (aluminum carbide) + (phosphoric acid) → (aluminum phosphate) + (methane) + (hydrogen)
3.2AlN+3H2SO4→Al2(SO4)3+2NH3
(3) (aluminum nitride) + (sulfuric acid) → (aluminum sulfate) + (ammonia)
4.Al4C3+6H2SO4→2Al2(SO4)3+3CH3+3/2H2
(4) (aluminum carbide) + (sulfuric acid) → (aluminum sulfate) + (methane) + (hydrogen)
Secondly, feeding the mixture after the chemical reaction into a kinetic energy dryer by using a feeding pipe, wherein the kinetic energy dryer is heated by a plurality of heating devices, the height of the kinetic energy dryer is preferably more than 12 meters, and the heating devices are used for fully heating the mixture in a way that a gas burner burns gas, so that ammonia, methane and hydrogen produced after the chemical reaction are completely burnt and are taken away along with waste gas; the kinetic energy dryer presents a decreasing temperature of 1400 ℃ to 600 ℃ from top to bottom, the mixture is brought to the top end by hot air and falls from the upper end, and aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide which do not undergo chemical reaction of the aluminum powder modifier including phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid further undergo the following chemical reaction with oxygen in the kinetic energy dryer;
5.4AlN+7O2→2Al2O3+4NO2
(5) (aluminum nitride) + (oxygen) → (aluminum oxide) + (nitrogen dioxide)
6.Al4C3+6O2→2Al2O3+3CO2
(6) (aluminum carbide) + (oxygen) → (aluminum oxide) + (carbon dioxide)
The alumina generated by the action of the oxygen and the alumina contained in the original aluminum slag ash are heated continuously in a kinetic energy drier, and then a fine white alumina powder product with high hardness, high density and high purity is generated; in the process, the alumina powder falls into a collecting bag from the lower part of the kinetic energy dryer to be recovered.
Then, the waste gas containing dust-like particles in the kinetic energy dryer is discharged from the furnace wall for post-treatment; the post-treatment aims at further collecting alumina fine powder carried in the waste gas, and the post-treatment equipment comprises a cyclone separator, a bag-type dust collector, an induced draft fan and an exhaust pipe, and an air pipe is used for connecting the kinetic energy dryer with the cyclone separator, the alumina fine powder mixed in the waste gas is respectively recovered through the actions of the cyclone separator and the bag-type dust collector, and clean waste gas is guided into the exhaust pipe through the induced draft fan and is exhausted to the atmosphere; cyclone separators are a device for gas-solid separation, whose principle is to use fluid rotation to throw solid particles with large inertial centrifugal force to the outer wall surface for separation, and are suitable for collecting dust with a diameter of more than 10 μm. The bag-type dust collector is a device for collecting solid particles in dust-containing gas by utilizing a bag-shaped filter component made of fabric, and is suitable for collecting dust which has smaller particles and is difficult to recover by a common dust collector; in addition, the collecting bags are arranged below the cyclone separator and the bag-type dust collector and are used for respectively recovering alumina fine powder with the particle size of more than 10 mu m and smaller particle size; finally, the clean waste gas after the alumina particles are fully separated is guided into a discharge pipe through a draught fan and is discharged into the atmosphere.
Referring to the foregoing procedure, the process flow of the method for recycling aluminum slag ash according to the present invention is shown in fig. 1, and comprises:
(a) carrying out crushing and screening pretreatment on the aluminum slag waste produced by smelting to obtain metallic aluminum with the particle size larger than the preset mesh number and aluminum slag ash with the particle size smaller than the preset mesh number;
(b) adding a proper amount of aluminum powder modifier into the aluminum slag ash obtained in the previous step, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(c) providing a kinetic energy dryer which is vertical and at least over 12 meters high, heating the inside of the kinetic energy dryer to ensure that the inside of the kinetic energy dryer presents a decreasing temperature of 1400 ℃ to 600 ℃ from top to bottom, and heating the mixture in the step (b) to remove aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide contained in the aluminum slag ash so as to achieve the effect of qualitative treatment; and
(d) and recovering alumina powder produced by the qualitative treatment, and discharging the waste gas to the atmosphere after further separating alumina fine powder through post-treatment.
FIG. 2 shows an apparatus for use in the method of recycling aluminum slag ash according to the present invention, wherein the pre-treatment comprises crushing the aluminum slag R1 with a grinding apparatus 10, and screening the aluminum slag R1 with a screening apparatus 20 disposed at the rear end of the grinding apparatus 10, such that the metallic aluminum R21 with a particle size of greater than 80 meshes is recycled and remelted, and the aluminum slag ash R22 with a particle size of less than 100 meshes is subjected to a subsequent quality-improving treatment; a stirring tank 30 which is arranged at the rear end of the screening equipment 20 and is used for containing the aluminum slag ash R22 and the aluminum powder modifier R23 and then stirring the mixture into a uniform mixture R3; a feeding pipe 40 disposed at the rear end of the stirring tank 30 for feeding the mixture R3 into the kinetic energy dryer 50; a plurality of heating devices 51 disposed at the outer periphery of the kinetic dryer 50 to heat the mixture R3.
In the present invention, the height of the kinetic energy dryer 50 is preferably more than 12 meters, and the heating device 51 is distributed around the furnace wall of the upper half of the kinetic energy dryer 50 in such a way that the gas burner 51 burns gas R4; the periphery of the furnace wall of the middle section of the kinetic energy dryer 50 is provided with 8 nozzles 52, the nozzles 52 are respectively arranged in a tangential direction with the furnace wall and the outlet end is upward, the feeding pipe 40 is connected with the inlet end of the nozzle 52, the mixture R3 is sucked by the negative pressure of the inner edge of the furnace wall and whirls to the top end by cyclone-shaped airflow, the kinetic energy dryer 50 is in descending distribution from 1400 ℃ to 600 ℃ from top to bottom due to the arrangement mode of the gas burner 51, the mixture R3 moves downwards due to the vortex effect caused by the different airflow densities of the top end and the bottom end, the mixture R3 fully and uniformly reacts with heat energy, and the high-hardness, high-density and high-purity alumina powder R51 product falls into the collecting bag B arranged at the lower end of the kinetic energy dryer 50 to be recovered.
Then, the post-processing equipment comprises a cyclone separator 60, a bag-type dust collector 70, an induced draft fan 80 and a discharge pipe 91, and an air pipe 92 is used to connect the kinetic energy dryer 50, the cyclone separator 60, the bag-type dust collector 70 and the induced draft fan 80 with each other, so that the waste gas R52 in the kinetic energy dryer 50 is discharged through the post-processing equipment, and the alumina fine powder R53 included in the waste gas is respectively recovered through the cyclone separator 60 and the bag-type dust collector 70 and falls into a collection bag B, and clean waste gas R52 is guided into the discharge pipe 91 through the induced draft fan 80 and is discharged into the atmosphere.
The invention mixes aluminum slag ash R22 with aluminum powder modifier R23 of phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, makes aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide which account for about 20 percent of the weight of the aluminum slag ash R22 generate chemical reaction to release ammonia and methane which have impact on the environment, and then applies a kinetic energy drier 50 with 12 m height and 1400 ℃ to 600 ℃ decreasing temperature to heat, so that the ammonia and the methane are completely combusted; meanwhile, the aluminum nitride and the aluminum carbide which do not react chemically in the front section react with oxygen in the kinetic energy dryer 50 to generate aluminum oxide, and the aluminum oxide in the front section and the aluminum oxide which originally accounts for about 35 to 55 percent of the weight of the aluminum slag ash are heated in the kinetic energy dryer 50 together to generate fine white aluminum oxide powder R51 and fine aluminum oxide powder R53 with high hardness, high density and high purity, so that the high-aluminum refractory material (non-shaped mud-shaped or powdery and shaped refractory material), ceramics, cement and other raw materials can be prepared; the method can remove aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide in the aluminum slag ash R22 in the treatment process, effectively solve the problem of environmental protection, and simultaneously can further take high-quality alumina powder R51 and alumina fine powder R53 as resource raw materials, thereby further improving the economic value and benefiting the industry.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A treatment method for recycling aluminum slag ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) carrying out crushing and screening pretreatment on the aluminum slag waste produced by smelting to obtain metallic aluminum with the particle size larger than a preset mesh number and aluminum slag ash with the particle size smaller than the preset mesh number;
(b) adding a proper amount of aluminum powder modifier into the aluminum slag ash obtained in the previous step, and stirring to obtain a uniform mixture;
(c) providing a kinetic energy dryer which is vertical and has a height of at least more than 12 meters, heating the inside of the kinetic energy dryer to ensure that the inside of the kinetic energy dryer has a decreasing temperature of 1400 ℃ to 600 ℃ from top to bottom, and heating the mixture in the step (b) to remove aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide contained in the aluminum slag ash so as to achieve the effect of qualitative treatment; and
(d) the alumina powder produced by the qualitative treatment is recovered, and the waste gas is discharged to the atmosphere after being guided.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum powder modifier comprises any one of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the guiding process of the waste gas in step (d) further comprises a post-treatment step (e) of separating and recovering fine alumina powder contained in the waste gas and discharging the clean waste gas to the atmosphere.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the pre-treatment comprises:
crushing the aluminum slag by using grinding equipment, and placing screening equipment at the rear end of the grinding equipment to screen the aluminum slag to obtain aluminum slag ash;
a stirring tank which is arranged at the rear end of the screening equipment and is used for containing the aluminum slag ash and the aluminum powder modifier and then stirring the mixture into a uniform mixture;
a feeding pipe arranged at the rear end of the stirring tank and used for feeding the mixture into the kinetic energy dryer;
a plurality of heating devices which are respectively arranged at the outer periphery of the kinetic energy dryer and are used for heating the mixture to ensure that the alumina in the aluminum slag ash is qualitative and the generated alumina powder falls into a collecting bag arranged at the lower end of the kinetic energy dryer to be recovered;
the post-processing equipment comprises a cyclone separator, a bag-type dust remover, an induced draft fan and an exhaust pipe, and an air pipe is used for connecting the kinetic energy drier with the cyclone separator, so that the waste gas in the kinetic energy drier is exhausted by the post-processing equipment, the alumina fine powder mixed with the waste gas is respectively recycled by the cyclone separator and the bag-type dust remover, and the clean waste gas is led into the exhaust pipe by the induced draft fan and is exhausted to the atmosphere.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the heating device of the kinetic energy dryer is a gas burner, and the gas burner is used to burn gas to heat the mixture.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein a plurality of nozzles are disposed at the periphery of the furnace wall of the kinetic energy dryer, and each nozzle is disposed tangentially and upwardly with respect to the furnace wall, and the inlet end of the nozzle is further connected to the feeding pipe, so that the mixture is sucked by the negative pressure at the inner edge of the kinetic energy dryer, swirled to the top end by the cyclone-like airflow, and moved downwardly in a swirling state, so that the mixture is fully and uniformly reacted with heat energy, thereby forming the alumina powder product with high hardness, high density and high purity.
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| TW202138303A (en) | 2021-10-16 |
| TWI772774B (en) | 2022-08-01 |
| CN113493217B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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