五、發明説明（) 'ιί 先 ivj if! 背 而 之 it Λ f Fy m 5 本發明係 -fP 欠铝迈回收再利用法，尤指一種乾式 回收再利用法，骑操作簡犟、回收率高之方法，以逋到鋁 液有效地再利用，並a減低環境之污染者。 當铝合金廢料或純鋁廢料在再生馆煉過程中，因高溫 操作，部分铝和其他金屬會氣化成気化物，除因與空氣接 觸外，進料中含有之水份及荇機物亦是重要因素，它們可 在高溫鋁液中形成氣泡，使鋁氣化成浮渣。此外，絕和空 氣中之m接觸可生成氮化絕，和燃燒氣體接觸可形成硝化 培皆為鋁渣之一部分鋁谨生成量之多寡與料源前處理， 再生操作條汗、砬類之添加等皆有關偽。鋁渣之生成是再 生製程之損失，因此減少培谨之生成及回收绍谨中绍金屬 .及其他有價物是再生鋁業迫切需要解決之問題。 諳先參閲圖三所示為習知之再生錦冶煉流程。绍廢料 經反射爐回收鋁液後，産生第一次鋁渣。該第一次鋁渣再 經轉爐回收，所得之篩下物為本案指稱之二次绍渣，可經 由本發明之疔法加以再回收利用，並使廢棄物量得以因此 顯箸減少： 經濟部屮央51準局A工消作合作杜印製 轉壚處理反射爐産生之爐渣及表面積較大之廢绍料， 如绍罐、招切削屜等此等廢料之處理因爐谨存在，故需 較高之融馆操作溫度，然而卻使氣化速率更加快速，绍渣 之産量亦較多。國外再生绍廠多以添加大量鹽類來阻隔絕 液與空氣之接觸以減少鋁渣之産生，唯國内業者限於技術 限制，尚無法以類似之方法減少锅谨之産生。表（一）為目 前國内外再生鋁廠所産生之二次鋁渣成份比較表。就相同 本紙张尺度逍用中國困家樣準（CNS)IM規格（210X297公没） 215075 Λ 6 Π 6 經方部屮央#準局工消作合作社印^ 五、發明説明（） 操作流程所産生之國内外二次鋁渣成份比較，國内金靥鋁 含匿較國外高，也就是鋁的流失大。就鹽類含量而言，國 外則高出國内許多倍，顯示鹽類的添加對防止鋁液的氣化 極有幫助。無論以國内或國外的技術而言，第二次紹渣中 仍含有相當程度的SS,且絕為具價值之金屬，如未能有效 再加以利用，實浪費該有用之資源。 針對國内、外二次絕澄特性不同，而在處理技術上亦 有所不同。國外之二次錦渣因其中所含金屬絕量少、鹽類 量高，故以往皆以填土、掩埋方式處理。近因環保要求， 無法接受二次绍谨遇水可能産生甲院、氨氣之危險，以及 大量溶出鹽類離子的危險，故開發以鹽類回收的技術為主 。目前已知之方法是：將錦渣粉碎至1/2 in以下，在常溫 中，以稀鹽水浸漬，浸潰後産物以20mesh筛網飾分，分έ±ί 錦金屬富集及氧化锅富集二部分。浸漬液則經過滿，去除 細粒部分後，濾液直接蒸乾回收鹽。此一流程有下述之缺 點： (1) 流程相當繁複，不易控制各單元之操作效果，造成回 收率不高的問題。 (2) 以濕式浸漬方式處理，金屬鋁部分極易被氧化，而造 成回收率下降，因此影響到整値再利用之經濟效益， 但因國外二次銘渣金屬绍含量並非很高，因此影響較 小。若引用此法處理國内二次绍瘡，則會大畺降底錦 回收、再利用之經濟效益。 目前國内用以回收二次绍ί査之方法，主要是以粉碎、 本紙張尺度边用中as家橒準(CNS)T4規m210x297公*) (^尤間-背而之汰-卞項"项艿{- 215075 Λ 6 It 6 經濟部屮央櫺準/«·;κχ工消价合作社印製 五、發明説明（） 筛分為主.粗粒荇含金秘® , 可卩.3轉壚再煉，細粒者丟 棄掩埋 尚缺乏 · XI宂位之回收，再利用流程及設備。鑑 於二次is造為洱生招紫最大设之1ί衮廢棄物，如何有效進 行再生減匮，回收有用資源，減少環境污染實已成為一重 要且刻不容缀之間題： 在對國内所産生之二大铝洁進行採樣、分析後，發現 绍渣中金藤鋁含饅偏离.駁類之添加麗小，且粉碎後之鋁 遼中培粒之分佈亦發現為十分平均，無法僅以單純之篩分 方式逵成回收、再利用之目的 本發明人有鑑於此，乃致力研究、改進，經再三試驗 後，今终開發出 ·種乾式二次绍渣回收再利用法；首先以 球磨機粉碎，粉碎後，再以傳統乾式磁選機除去進料中未 馆掉之鐵、鎳等雜質，以免影趙後缠高壓靜電分離效果。 接箸直接進行篩分，本發明的篩分重點是以二次篩分為主 ，第一次筛分可選擇筛網大小界於20mesh〜lOmesh間供粗 粒精砂之回收，由於金屬的延展性，此道篩分可回收部分 金颶鋁粒。在篩分後的篩下物可進行第二道篩分程序，以 利後續分離及再利用目的；此二道細篩之筛網大小可選擇 在200 mes h — 1 50 me sh間，大於止匕筛目的粒子可以進4了靜電 分選，利用金屬與非金藤導電性的不同，可以回收金屬绍 ;小於此筛目的粒子，則可焙燒成耐火材料。 以下££舉一較佳實施例，並佐以圖式，詳細說明之， 侔具體掲露本發明之技術内容，以供 均局之審理。 請參閲圖一所示，圖一偽本發明之二次錦漆回收再利 -5- 本紙張尺度Λ用中a Η家標準(CNS)甲4規怙（210X297公tf)Fifth, the description of the invention () 'ιί first ivj if! In contrast to it Λ f Fy m 5 The present invention is -fP under aluminum recycling and recycling method, especially a dry recycling method, the riding operation is simple, recovery rate High-level methods, to achieve efficient reuse of aluminum liquid, and a reduce environmental pollution. When aluminum alloy scrap or pure aluminum scrap is refined in the recycling hall, due to high temperature operation, some aluminum and other metals will be vaporized into deuterium. In addition to contact with air, the moisture and organic matter contained in the feed are also The important factor is that they can form bubbles in the high-temperature aluminum liquid and vaporize the aluminum into scum. In addition, the contact with m in the air can generate nitride, and the contact with the combustion gas can form nitrification. It is part of the aluminum slag. The amount of aluminum is generated and the source pretreatment. The regeneration operation is added with sweat and pine. All are related to pseudo. The generation of aluminum dross is a loss of the regenerative process, so reducing the production and recycling of Pei Jin Metals and other valuables is an urgent problem that the recycled aluminum industry needs to solve. Please refer to Figure 3 for the conventional smelting process of regenerated broth. Shao scrap produced aluminum slag for the first time after the aluminum liquid was recovered by the reverberatory furnace. The first aluminum slag is recovered by the converter, and the resulting sieve is the second slag referred to in this case, which can be recycled and reused by the boil method of the present invention, and the amount of waste can be significantly reduced accordingly: Ministry of Economic Affairs The central 51 quasi-bureau A works to cooperate with Du Yin to manufacture the slag produced by the reverberatory furnace and the waste material with large surface area. The higher operating temperature of the melting hall, however, makes the gasification rate faster and the output of shao slag is also higher. Most of the overseas reclaimed factories use a large amount of salt to block the contact between the barrier fluid and the air to reduce the generation of aluminum slag. However, domestic manufacturers are limited to technical limitations and cannot reduce the production of pans in a similar way. Table (1) is a comparison table of the composition of secondary aluminum slag produced by domestic and foreign recycled aluminum plants. For the same paper size, use Chinese Standards (CNS) IM specifications (210X297 public) 215075 Λ 6 Π 6 jingfangbeiyang # quasi-bureau work consumer cooperative cooperative printing ^ V. Description of invention () Operation process Compared with the composition of secondary aluminum slag produced at home and abroad, the content of gold in domestic aluminum is higher than that in foreign countries, that is, the loss of aluminum is large. In terms of salt content, foreign countries are many times higher than domestic ones, showing that the addition of salts is extremely helpful to prevent the vaporization of aluminum liquid. Regardless of domestic or foreign technology, the second slag still contains a considerable amount of SS, and is a valuable metal. If it cannot be effectively reused, this useful resource will be wasted. In view of the different characteristics of domestic and foreign secondary clarification, the processing technology is also different. The secondary slag abroad contains less metal and a higher amount of salt, so it was treated in the past by filling and burying. Recently, due to environmental protection requirements, it is not possible to accept the danger that Shaoxing's encounter with water may produce a nail yard, ammonia gas, and a large amount of salt ions. Therefore, the development of salt recovery technology is the main focus. The currently known method is to crush the broth residue to below 1/2 in, and dip it in dilute brine at normal temperature. After the impregnation, the product is divided with a 20mesh sieve, divided into ± metal enrichment and oxidation pot enrichment. Two parts. After the impregnation solution is full, the fine particles are removed, and the filtrate is directly evaporated to dryness to recover the salt. This process has the following shortcomings: (1) The process is quite complicated, it is not easy to control the operation effect of each unit, resulting in the problem of low recovery rate. (2) When processed by wet impregnation, the aluminum part of the metal is easily oxidized, which leads to a decrease in recovery rate, which affects the economic benefit of the whole value reuse, but the content of the metal in the secondary secondary slag is not very high. Therefore, the impact is small. If this method is adopted to deal with domestic secondary sores, the economic benefits of recycling and reusing Dajinjiangdijin will be increased. At present, the domestic method for recycling secondary inspections is mainly based on the use of crushed, paper-based standards in the Chinese home standard (CNS) T4 regulation m210x297 g *) (^ Yujian-back-to-back-Bian item " item {{215075 Λ 6 It 6 by the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Central Committee of the Ministry of Economics / «·; κχGong Piao Cooperative Printed Fifth, the description of the invention) The sieve is divided into the main. Coarse grains containing gold secret ®, can be swastika. 3 Transferring and refining, the fine-grained ones are discarded for burial and are still lacking. The recovery and reuse process and equipment of the XI seat. In view of the secondary is made into the largest waste of the 1st set of Ersheng Zhaozi, how to effectively carry out regeneration and reduce poverty , Recycling useful resources and reducing environmental pollution has become an important and indispensable issue: After sampling and analyzing the two largest aluminum cleaners produced in China, it was found that the gold rattan aluminum in the slag contains steamed bread. The addition of Li Xiao, and the distribution of the crushed aluminum Liaozhong Pei grains are also found to be very average, and the purpose of recovery and reuse cannot be achieved by simple sieving. The inventors have been committed to research and improvement in view of this After repeated tests, the dry secondary slag recovery and reuse method was developed. It is crushed with a ball mill, and after crushing, the iron, nickel and other impurities not removed from the feed are removed by a traditional dry magnetic separator, so as to avoid the effect of high-voltage electrostatic separation after Zhao Zhao. Direct screening is carried out, and the screening point of the present invention is focused. It is divided into two main sieves. The first sieving can choose the screen size between 20mesh ~ 10mesh for the recovery of coarse-grained fine sand. Due to the ductility of the metal, this screen can recover part of the gold hurricane aluminum particles. After screening, the sieves can be subjected to a second screening procedure to facilitate subsequent separation and reuse purposes; the screen size of these two fine screens can be selected between 200 mes h — 1 50 me sh, greater than The particles of the anti-dagger screen can be sorted by electrostatic separation, and the metal can be recycled by using the difference in conductivity between the metal and the non-golden vine; the particles smaller than this mesh can be baked into refractory materials. , And accompanied by a diagram to explain it in detail, you will reveal the technical content of the present invention for the review of the average. Please refer to Figure 1, which shows the secondary paint recovery of the present invention- 5- The paper standard Λ uses the Chinese Standard (CNS ) A 4 rule failure (210X297 public tf)
先 間 if! 背 而 之 ;'主 卞 項 洱. U 線 Λ 6 Η 6 215075 五、發明説明（） 用法之流程圖，二次鋁渣首先以球磨機予以粉碎，然後利 用傳統的乾式磁選機將含鐵、鎳等雜質去除，再經粗篩， 以篩出粗粒之精砂，供上述習用轉爐進行链回收，至於篩 下物再經細篩（篩網為200〜150mesh之間），篩上物經靜 電分選機（如圖二）分選後，以得到精砂（金屬绍）供回 收再利用，細筛後之筛下物經培燒，可作為防火材料，易 言之，本發明得有效地對二次錦產進行回收再利用，更能 防止污染環境。本發明可以有下列數項優點： (1) 使用乾式磁選機除去鐵、錁等高溶點雜質，可以提昇 金屬錦之回收品位： (2) 以乾式分選機械設備組合，可以提昇二次絕谨金靥紹 之回收率，並避免錦氣化而流失。 (3) 僅進行二道篩分，並配合靜電分選、以及焙燒處理即 可充分進行廢料減量，從圖三知：再回收、利用之有 價物包含粗粒精砂，含錦精砂，以及耐火材料，可以 有效逹成資源回收，使廢棄物減量之目的。 取二次銘漬，經乾式磁選機去除含鐵線之雜質，其成 份含量表分析如表二分析圖，從此表中可知大於50mesh尺 寸的精砂佔總重量的22.9%，且金屬錦含量之品位43.2% 已屬可直接再送入轉爐重馆之品位。故可針對二次紹漆選 擇50rnesh為第一道粗篩之篩目。表（二）分佈結果亦顯示小 於200meSh之尾砂佔重量的10.6% ,且金屬錦含量亦只有 11.1 %，很難進行富集以得到高品位之精砂。因此必須以 他種再利用方法處理，故選擇200mesh為細篩之篩目。大 ..... -丨_丨丨丨 丨丨·丨| ----------------------------------丨.------------- 本紙张尺度边用中fflH家標準（CNS)T4規格（210x297公龙） 訂- 線- 經试部中央櫺準局只工消«·合作杜印¾ 215°First time if! Contrary to it; 'Main Bian Xianger. U line Λ 6 Η 6 215075 V. Description of the invention () Flow chart of usage, the secondary aluminum slag is firstly crushed by a ball mill, and then the traditional dry magnetic separator is used to contain iron , Nickel and other impurities are removed, and then through a coarse sieve to sieve out the coarse sand, for the above-mentioned conventional converter for chain recovery, as for the sieve and then through a fine sieve (mesh between 200 ~ 150mesh), sieve the material After being sorted by an electrostatic sorting machine (as shown in Figure 2), the fine sand (metal shale) is obtained for recycling and reuse. The sieves after the fine sieve are roasted and can be used as a fireproof material. In short, the present invention can obtain It can effectively recycle and reuse secondary brocade products, which can prevent environmental pollution. The present invention can have the following advantages: (1) The use of dry magnetic separators to remove high melting point impurities such as iron and tungsten can improve the recovery grade of metal brocade: (2) The combination of dry separation mechanical equipment can improve the secondary insulation Jin Jin Shao Shao's recovery rate, and to avoid the loss of gold gasification. (3) Only two sievings, combined with electrostatic separation and roasting treatment, can fully reduce the waste. From Figure 3, we know that the valuables recovered and used include coarse-grained fine sand and bromine-containing fine sand, and Refractory materials can be effectively used for resource recovery and the purpose of reducing waste. Take the second inscription, and remove the impurities containing iron wire through the dry magnetic separator. The analysis of its content table is shown in the analysis chart in Table 2. From this table, it can be seen that the refined sand with a size greater than 50mesh accounts for 22.9% of the total weight, and Grade 43.2% is already grade that can be directly sent to the converter re-construction hall. Therefore, 50rnesh can be selected as the screen of the first coarse screen for the second shaoqi. The distribution results in Table 2 also show that the tailings less than 200meSh account for 10.6% of the weight, and the metal bromide content is only 11.1%, which is difficult to enrich to obtain high-grade refined sand. Therefore, it must be treated by other recycling methods, so 200 mesh is selected as the mesh of fine sieve. Big .....-丨 _ 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 · 丨 | --------------------------------- -丨 .------------- This paper uses the fffH home standard (CNS) T4 specification (210x297 male dragon) for the size of the paper. Order-Line-Central Bureau of Economics and Trade Testing Department · Cooperation Du ¾ 215 °
Λ (5 \\6 經濟部中央櫺準局ex Η消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（） 第81101042號「二次鋁渣回收再利用法」專利申請案之第7頁修正本 於此篩目之鋁馇以靜電分選器（如圖二）進行鋁金屬之 富集。此富集試驗之操作條件爲：電壓10.5〜12kv，轉輪 速度10 0〜180 rpm，電極位置0 1與Θ 2分別爲27。〜33。 及24。〜28。，分離角Θ3爲37。〜41。，餵礦速率1〇〇〜 200g/min。圖四流程結果顯示，經2〜5次富集後，可得品 位60.4%，金屬鋁回收率47.0%之精砂。 此靜電分選後之尾砂可再利用爲煉鋼業之發熱劑，此 項技術刻正進行硏發中，不在此發明中說明。小於20 0mesh 之鋁渣則以焙燒方式處理，在970°C〜1400°C，焙燒1〜2 小時，成品以XRD分析和成份分析，證實焙燒後之晶相主 要爲C(相氧化鋁及鋁鎂尖晶石相，重量比如表（三）所示， 足供爲製造耐火材料之原料。 從表二所得數據知：第一道粗篩可回收22.9%重量之 廢二次鋁馇，而第二道靜電分選若以品位45.2%即爲可 接受之精砂，根據圖四所揭數據，應可回收66.5X 28.2% = 18.753%，第三道尾砂再焙燒製程則可再利用1〇.6%共 計減量：52 . ：253%，實已發揮相當廢棄物減量之功能。 在此回收、再利用之成品中第一道及第二道回收品皆 可直接送回原再生爐中重熔不受限於再生品之市場因素， 而第三道再利用品在國內亦有相當之市場，使其得以充分 被再利用，國內再生鋁廠所產生之二次鋁渣，年產量已超 過15,000噸，其中所含之鋁金屬雖隨料源及操作條件不同 而有所差異，然其平均已在20%以上，依照本發明所述回 收50%計算，則每年不僅可減少一半廢棄物，亦可回收壹 本紙張尺度遒用中明Η家標準(CNS)IM規格（210Xp’/公龙) 2150^5 Λ 6 Π 6 五、發明説明（） 仟伍佰噸以上之金屬絕，不僅可將資源充分回收利用，亦 苻合廢棄物減量之目的，為強化此—目的，更將部分筛分 後之尾砂開發成耐火材料實可更加有效利用此一二次绍漆 故本發明在實用性及實現性皆有相當之創新，將對業界大 有助益： 附件：表一偽國內外再生絕廠産生之絕漆成份比較表。 表二偽蹈渣經研磨後各篩级中錦金屬之分佈表。 表三係200mesh絕瘡培燒之晶相及成份分析表。 圖式部份： 圖一係本發明之流程圖。 圖二傜靜電分選器之結構示意圖。 圖三係再生錦冶煉製程中錦谨之産生流程圖。 圖四偽閉合迴路靜電分選流程圖。 (請先閲-背而之注*'"項办碭寫本页) 經濟部中央榣準局员工消扑合作社印製 本紙張尺度边用中國B家楳準(CNS)甲4規怙（210X297公釐) 2150^^ 表 —Λ (5 \\ 6 Printed by the Central Examination Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Ex Η Consumer Cooperatives V. Description of Invention () No. 81101042, page 7 of the patent application for the "Secondary Aluminum Slag Recycling and Recycling Act" is on this screen The aluminum alloy is enriched with an electrostatic separator (as shown in Figure 2). The operating conditions of this enrichment test are: voltage 10.5 ~ 12kv, runner speed 10 0 ~ 180 rpm, electrode position 0 1 and Θ 2 Respectively 27. ~ 33. And 24. ~ 28., The separation angle Θ3 is 37. ~ 41., The feed rate is 100 ~ 200g / min. The results of Figure 4 show that after 2 ~ 5 enrichments, The refined sand with a grade of 60.4% and a metal aluminum recovery rate of 47.0% is available. The tailing sand after this electrostatic separation can be reused as a heating agent for the steelmaking industry. This technology is currently being developed and not described in this invention. The aluminum slag less than 200mesh is processed by roasting, at 970 ° C ~ 1400 ° C, roasted for 1 ~ 2 hours, the finished product is analyzed by XRD and composition analysis, confirming that the crystal phase after roasting is mainly C (phase alumina and The aluminum-magnesium spinel phase has a weight as shown in Table (3), which is sufficient for the raw materials for making refractory materials. Know: The first coarse screen can recover 22.9% by weight of waste secondary aluminum shale, and the second electrostatic separation with a grade of 45.2% is acceptable fine sand. According to the data shown in Figure 4, 66.5 should be recovered X 28.2% = 18.753%, the third tailings re-roasting process can be reused 10.6% of the total reduction: 52 .: 253%, has actually played a considerable waste reduction function. Recycle, reuse here Both the first and second recycled products in the finished product can be directly returned to the original regenerator for remelting, which is not limited to the market factors of recycled products, and the third recycled product also has a considerable market in China, making it possible Fully reused, the annual output of secondary aluminum slag produced by domestic recycled aluminum plants has exceeded 15,000 tons. Although the aluminum metal contained in it varies according to the source and operating conditions, its average is already 20% Above, according to the calculation of 50% recycling according to the present invention, not only can the waste be reduced by half every year, but also a paper standard can be recycled using the Zhong Ming H home standard (CNS) IM specification (210Xp '/ male dragon) 2150 ^ 5 Λ 6 Π 6 V. Description of the invention () Thousands of metals above 100 tons are absolutely not only The resources are fully recycled, and the purpose of reducing waste is also combined. To strengthen this goal, part of the tailings after sieving are developed into refractory materials can be used more effectively. This invention is practical There are considerable innovations in the realization and implementation, which will be of great help to the industry: Annex: Table 1 Comparison table of the composition of the lacquer produced by the domestic and foreign regenerative plants. Table 2 The sieve grades of Zhongjin metal after grinding Distribution table. Table 3 is the crystal phase and composition analysis table of 200mesh ulcers. Figure part: Figure 1 is the flow chart of the present invention. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the Weng electrostatic separator. Figure 3 is the flow chart of Jinjin production in the regeneration Jin smelting process. Figure 4 Flow chart of pseudo-closed loop electrostatic separation. (Please read first-note to the contrary * '" Xiang Ban Dang writes this page) The staff of the Central Bureau of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the paper size and used the Chinese B Jiayu standard (CNS) A4 regulations ( (210X297mm) 2150 ^^ Table—
國內外再生鋁廠產生之鋁渣成份比較表c %) 215075 表 二 篩 ϋ iE 量 C % ) 鋁金屬c %) -20 + 50 22 . 9 » 43.2 -50 + 200 66.5 22.6 -200 10.6 11.1 鋁渣經硏磨後各篩級中鋁金屬之分佈 表 三 結晶相 2Ϊ 量 C %) MgAl204 7.4 A1 2〇3 86.2 A1 N 4.7 200Mesli錦堯培燒之晶相及成份分析Comparison of aluminum slag composition produced by domestic and foreign recycled aluminum plants c%) 215075 Table 2 sieve ϋ iE amount C%) Aluminum metal c%) -20 + 50 22.9 9 43.2 -50 + 200 66.5 22.6 -200 10.6 11.1 Aluminum The distribution of aluminum metal in each sieve grade after slag grinding is shown in Table 3. Crystal phase 2Ϊ amount C%) MgAl204 7.4 A1 2〇3 86.2 A1 N 4.7 200Mesli Jinyao crystallization phase and composition analysis