CN113487128A - Construction early warning method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction early warning method, belongs to the technical field of building construction, and aims to provide a super high-rise building construction safety risk early warning method. The method comprises the steps of determining a deformation index delta and a reduction coefficient table of the building equipment before the construction of the building engineering is started; monitoring by a deformation sensor to obtain a value of an equipment deformation index delta, dividing the equipment deformation index delta into N levels of early warning, reducing the graded value of the equipment deformation index delta by adopting a reduction coefficient k, and comparing the numerical values before and after reduction to obtain the value of an early warning state; and then, issuing an early warning grade, taking a corresponding safety control measure by a project site manager according to the issued early warning grade, judging whether the project is stopped, stopping early warning if the project is stopped, repeating the early warning step if the project is not stopped, and continuing early warning until the early warning of the construction safety risk is finished.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction early warning method.
Background
In the construction process of a building, aiming at risk factors inducing construction safety accidents, methods such as an AHP (advanced high-performance concrete) analytic hierarchy process, a cause theory, a WBS-RBS (white blood group-based building system-RBS (reverse transcription-RBS) method, complex network analysis and the like are adopted, and a basic technical support is provided for constructing a general building construction risk early warning system. The whole steel platform provides a safe and reliable construction platform for super high-rise construction, has the characteristics of complex construction environment, complex equipment structure and the like, and analyzes super high-rise construction risks and is developed based on the construction characteristics of the whole steel platform. The most extreme indexes are generally adopted as risk early warning bases in the existing research, and early warning aiming at the ultra-high-rise complex risk characteristics also lacks an early warning index determination method combining with monitoring conditions of a construction site.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects of the prior art by aiming at the defect problem of a super high-rise building construction safety risk early warning method applying integral steel platform equipment, and provides a construction early warning method by taking equipment type risk factors as a decisive key link and selecting physical quantity indexes of the safety state of a bearing member of the integral steel platform equipment as characteristic parameters reflecting the construction safety state of the super high-rise building and core indexes of risk early warning.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a construction early warning method comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining a deformation index delta and a reduction coefficient table of building equipment before the construction of a building project is started; the method comprises the steps of obtaining a value of an equipment deformation index delta through monitoring of a deformation sensor, dividing N-level early warning on the equipment deformation index delta, and enabling the value of the N-level early warning of the equipment deformation index to be deltai，δi0≤δi<δi1Wherein i is 1,2, … … N;
grading value { delta ] of equipment deformation index delta by adopting reduction coefficient k1、δ2、……δNIs subjected to reduction to obtain a graded reduction value { delta'1、δ’2……δ’NWherein, delta'1,2,……N＝δ1,2,……NK; the value of the reduction coefficient k is obtained by finite element analysis of an equipment structure, the personnel factors and the environmental factors of different levels are converted into different load and boundary conditions, and the reduction coefficient is determined by comparing the calculation results under different conditionsTable; respectively folding delta and the grading reduction value { delta'1、δ’2……δ’NComparing to obtain early warning state Rm, deformationTaking the value of (A);
secondly, starting a project, and starting construction safety risk early warning;
step three, issuing early warning grades according to the early warning state;
fourthly, the project site management personnel adopt corresponding safety control measures according to the issued early warning level;
judging whether the construction project is stopped, and stopping early warning if the construction project is stopped; if the construction project does not stop working, repeating the second step to the fourth step;
and step six, finishing the construction safety risk early warning.
Further, the first step also comprises the steps of monitoring through a stress sensor to obtain a value of an equipment stress index sigma, dividing the equipment stress index sigma into N-level early warnings, and enabling the value of the N-level early warning of the equipment stress index to be sigmai，σi0≤σi<σi1Wherein i is 1,2, … … N; grading value { sigma ] of equipment stress index sigma by adopting reduction coefficient k1、σ2、……σNIs discounted to obtain a graded discount value { sigma'1、σ’2……σ’NWherein, σ'1,2,……N＝σ1,2,……NK; respectively dividing sigma into hierarchical discounted values { sigma'1、σ’2……σ’NComparing to obtain early warning state Rm, force ofTaking the value of (A); the total early warning state of the construction site is R, wherein R is max { R ═ Rm, deformation,Rm, force of}。
Further, the equipment deformation index delta comprises a measurement index of the monitored physical quantity of deformation, perpendicularity and levelness of the integral steel platform equipment component to the safety risk caused by excessive equipment deformation on the construction site.
Further, the equipment stress index σ is a measurement index of safety risks caused by excessive equipment stress on a construction site according to the monitored physical quantities of stress and pressure of the whole steel platform equipment component.
Further, the equipment deformation index delta is divided into five levels of early warning, and non-early warning, blue early warning, yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning are respectively performed according to the risk from low to high.
Further, the total early warning of the construction site is divided into five grades, and non-early warning, blue early warning, yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning are respectively carried out according to the risk from low to high.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects as follows:
the construction early warning method provided by the invention comprises the steps of determining a deformation index delta and a reduction coefficient table of construction equipment before the construction of construction engineering is started; monitoring by a deformation sensor to obtain a value of an equipment deformation index delta, dividing the equipment deformation index delta into N levels of early warning, reducing the graded value of the equipment deformation index delta by adopting a reduction coefficient k, and comparing the numerical values before and after reduction to obtain the value of an early warning state; and then, issuing an early warning grade, taking a corresponding safety control measure by a project site manager according to the issued early warning grade, judging whether the project is stopped, stopping early warning if the project is stopped, repeating the early warning step if the project is not stopped, and continuing early warning until the early warning of the construction safety risk is finished. The method takes equipment type risk factors as a decisive key link, selects physical quantity indexes of the safety state of the load-bearing member of the equipment as characteristic parameters for reflecting the construction safety state of the equipment and core indexes for risk early warning, adopts an index reduction method, is simple and practical, and is convenient for project managers to operate and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for early warning of super high-rise construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a four-stage early warning principle and mechanism diagram of an early warning method for super high-rise construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The construction early warning method provided by the invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention. For convenience of description, the directions of "up" and "down" described below are the same as the directions of "up" and "down" in the drawings, but this is not a limitation of the technical solution of the present invention.
Example one
And (4) performing construction safety risk early warning on the core tube of the super high-rise building equipped with a certain integral steel platform.
The core tube construction system adopted by the super high-rise building construction project is integral steel platform equipment, the basic flow of the early warning method is adopted, and construction safety risk early warning operation of an early warning time step is carried out based on the super high-rise project. In this embodiment, a four-stage warning hierarchy of the equipment deformation index δ and the equipment stress index σ is described.
The super high-rise construction risk early warning process provided by the embodiment mainly comprises 11 steps:
s1: before the early warning is started
Before the super high-rise construction safety risk early warning operation starts, firstly, an equipment structure elastic-plastic finite element model is established based on large finite element calculation software according to an integral steel platform equipment structure design scheme, and four early warning grading values of an equipment deformation index delta and an equipment stress index sigma are respectively calculated according to the four-level early warning grading value calculation criterion of the equipment deformation index delta and the equipment stress index sigma provided by the invention.
The early warning index system for the super high-rise construction in the embodiment comprises 6 indexes which are respectively as follows: personnel index RhGeneral environmental index ReEnvironmental fusing index FeEquipment deformation index delta, equipment stress index sigma and equipment fusing index Fm。
The person index RhThe values are respectively 'no early warning, blue early warning, yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning' from low to high according to the risk, and project site managers know and observe professional qualities and physical and mental states of all personnel in a construction site in combination with the situationAnd the project management experience is used for qualitatively judging judgment projects such as professional training, physical conditions, psychological states, professional abilities, safety consciousness and the like, all personnel on the project site are uniformly scored, and a qualitative judgment result is directly given.
The general environmental index ReThe method is a measurement index for the safety risk caused by the constructors currently faced by the construction site according to the conditions of constructor quality, personnel health state and the like. The general environmental index ReThe values are respectively 'no early warning, blue early warning, yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning' from low to high according to the risk, and the general environmental index ReIs based on the current wind speed sub-index Re, wind speedValue of, high temperature index Re, high temperatureValue of, low temperature index Re, low temperatureThe value of (a) is obtained according to the formula (1), and the comparison rule in the formula (1) is as follows: red early warning>Orange early warning>Yellow early warning>Blue warning>No early warning is carried out;
Re＝max{Re, wind speed,Re, high temperature,Re, low temperature} (1)
The wind speed determination value Re, wind speedJudging according to the wind speed monitored on the construction site: when the wind speed is lower than six levels, Re, wind speedThe value of (1) is not early-warning; when the wind speed is higher than six grades and does not exceed eight grades, Re, wind speedThe value of (1) is blue warning; when the wind speed is higher than eight levels and does not exceed ten levels, Re, wind speedThe value of (1) is yellow early warning; when the wind speed is higher than the tenth level and does not exceed the twelfth level, Re, wind speedTaking the value of (1) as orange early warning; when the wind speed is higher than twelve levels, Re, wind speedThe value of (1) is red early warning;
the wind speed determination value Re, high temperatureAnd (3) judging according to the temperature monitored in the construction site: when the temperature does not exceed 30 ℃, Re, high temperatureThe value of (1) is not early-warning; when the temperature is higher than 30 ℃ and not higher than 35 ℃, Re, high temperatureThe value of (1) is blue warning; when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃ and not higher than 37 ℃, Re, high temperatureThe value of (1) is yellow early warning; when the temperature is higher than 37 ℃ and not higher than 40 ℃, Re, high temperatureTaking the value of (1) as orange early warning; when the temperature is higher than40℃，Re, high temperatureThe value of (1) is red early warning;
the wind speed determination value Re, low temperatureAnd (3) judging according to the temperature monitored in the construction site: when the temperature is not lower than 5 ℃, Re, low temperatureThe value of (1) is not early-warning; when the temperature is lower than 5 ℃ and not less than 0 ℃, Re, low temperatureThe value of (1) is blue warning; when the temperature is lower than 0 ℃ and not lower than-5 ℃, Re, low temperatureThe value of (1) is yellow early warning; when the temperature is lower than-5 ℃ and not lower than-15 ℃, Re, low temperatureTaking the value of (1) as orange early warning; when the temperature is lower than-15 ℃, Re, low temperatureThe value of (a) is red early warning.
The environmental fusing index FeThe method is a measurement index for the safety risk caused by the occurrence of extreme environmental events currently faced by a construction site aiming at extreme natural disasters such as earthquakes, typhoons and the like and sudden events such as impact and the like.
The environmental fusing index FeThe values are respectively 'no early warning and red early warning' from low to high according to the risk, and the values are directly given by project management personnel according to the actual conditions; if no extreme natural disasters such as earthquake, typhoon and the like and sudden events such as impact and the like occur on the construction site, the environmental fusing index FeThe value of (1) is 'no early warning'; if sudden events such as earthquake, typhoon and the like happen to the construction site, the environmental fusing index FeThe value of (1) is 'red early warning'.
The equipment deformation index delta is a measurement index of the safety risk caused by too large equipment deformation on the construction site according to the monitored physical quantities of deformation, verticality, levelness and the like of the whole steel platform equipment component.
The value of the equipment deformation index delta is the maximum value of equipment deformation obtained by monitoring all deformation sensors arranged on the whole steel platform equipment, and the unit is mm; the equipment deformation index delta is set with four early warning grading values, which are respectively: delta1、δ2、δ3、δ4；
The equipment stress index sigma is a measurement index of safety risk caused by too large equipment stress on a construction site by monitoring physical quantities such as stress, pressure and the like of the whole steel platform equipment component.
The value of the equipment stress index sigma is the maximum value of equipment stress force obtained by monitoring all stress sensors arranged on the whole steel platform equipment, and the unit is kPa; the equipment stress index sigma sets four early warning grading values, which are respectively: sigma1、σ2、σ3、σ4。
δ1And σ1Calculating according to the formula (2); in the formula (2), σ is the maximum internal force actually borne by the equipment structure, and σdFor design strength, R is the working resistance, S is the different loading effect, K is the actual stability safety factor, [ K ]]To design an allowable safety factor;
δ2and σ2Calculated according to formula (3); in formula (3), σeElastic ultimate strength of material, K, for a monolithic steel platform structureeAn allowable safety factor for the elastic limit state;
δ3and σ3Calculated according to formula (4); in the formula (4), σbPlastic ultimate strength of the material of the integral steel platform structure;
{δ3,σ3}＝f(σ≤σb,max(kb)≤1,R≥S) (4)
δ4and σ4Calculating according to a finite element model of the whole steel platform equipment, obtaining the maximum deformation delta calculated in the state by increasing the load applied to the finite element model of the equipment structure according to the structural form of the equipment bearing member and based on the most unfavorable structural form causing the whole instability of the equipment until the state that the equipment structure loses the bearing capacity and is damaged by instability is triggered4The maximum stress value isσ4。
The equipment fusing index FmThe method is a measure index for the safety risk caused by the abnormity of the power device according to the automatic monitoring of the integral steel platform equipment in the operation state of the lifting power device.
The equipment fusing index FmThe values are 'no early warning and red early warning' respectively from low to high according to the risk, and the values are automatically obtained by an equipment mechanical power control system; if the power device of the integral steel platform normally operates, the equipment fusing index FmThe value of (1) is 'no early warning'; if any abnormality occurs in the operation of the power device of the integral steel platform, the equipment fusing index FmThe value of (1) is 'red early warning'.
The method for reducing the risk early warning index of the super high-rise construction equipment adopts a reduction system k to carry out reduction on the grading value { delta } of the equipment deformation index delta1、δ2、δ3、δ4Is subjected to reduction to obtain a reduction value { delta'1、δ’2、δ’3、δ’4Adopting a reduction system k to grade a value { sigma delta ] of a stress index sigma of the equipment1、σ2、σ3、σ4Obtaining a discounted value { sigma'1、σ’2、σ’3、σ’4}; reduction is performed according to formula (5);
the value of the reduction coefficient k is obtained through equipment structure finite element analysis, different levels of personnel factors and environment factors are converted into different load and boundary conditions, and a reduction coefficient table is determined by comparing calculation results under different conditions; the style of the reduction coefficient table is as follows;
in this embodiment, due to the lack of a restraining member for the equipment structureAnd (3) implementing the information, namely only determining the value of the equipment deformation early warning index, and calculating to obtain the equipment deformation index early warning value as follows: delta1＝7.5mm，δ2＝15.8mm，δ3＝36.9mm，δ4＝102.3mm。
Simplifying the coupling influence of personnel factors and environmental factors, and analyzing the structural model of the whole steel platform equipment in a red early warning critical state according to the additional loads (2kPa, 3kPa, 4kPa and 5kPa) and the four-level wind load (0.5kPa, 0.83kPa, 1.25kPa and 2.08kPa) caused by the four-level personnel factors respectively.
Obtaining the maximum deformation of the equipment under different combination actions, and taking the deformation index early warning value delta4And taking the ratio of the calculated deformation as a reduction coefficient, and obtaining an early warning index reduction coefficient table as follows:
TABLE 1 reduction factor table
S2: starting project and early warning
S3: early warning time step update
In the embodiment, the early warning time step is adopted for updating, the early warning is circulated in the form of time steps, the early warning time step length is set according to the specific condition of super high-rise building construction, and S4-S10 are a loop of the early warning time step. The early warning time step of the embodiment is 15min, namely, the early warning operation is performed every 15 min. The embodiment is the nth time step of the early warning operation of the super high-rise project, the specific time is 14:15 of the day, and the early warning operation is started for 15min formally.
S4: preliminary warning operation
The project manager gives a personnel index R by the project managerhTaking the value of (A); the automatic monitoring device on the whole steel platform gives out an equipment deformation index delta and an equipment fusing index FmTaking the value of (A); the environment monitoring device of the project construction site gives a general environment index ReEnvironmental fusing index FeThe value of (a).
At 14:15, project managers observe the workers working on the integral steel platform, because the field workers lack the condition of noon break in the afternoon, the mental state of the constructors is generally tired, and the personnel index R is judged according to the criteria given in the table 2 by observing and scoringhThe value of (1) is 'yellow early warning'.
TABLE 2 qualitative evaluation criteria for personnel status
The simplified calculation result of the product of the measuring point strain and the monitoring member length is used as the value-taking basis of the deformation index, and monitoring shows that the equipment structure deformation changes suddenly before and after 14:18 of the day, so that the safety risk in the aspect of equipment is increased. Two measuring points with the largest change amplitude of the strain monitoring points are selected, the changes of the other measuring points are very small, and the reflected deformation can be ignored. The length of the steel platform beam corresponding to the platform beam measuring point is 18.5m, the measuring point is located at the characteristic position of the upper flange of the platform beam, the monitoring result shows that the strain of the measuring point is changed from 2556 mu to 2608 mu, and the calculated pushout deformation is 0.962 mm. The length of the beam corresponding to the cantilever beam measuring point is 9.5m, the measuring point is located at the characteristic position of the upper flange of the beam, the monitoring result shows that the strain of the measuring point is changed from 3275 mu to 3422 mu, and the calculated derivable deformation is 1.397 mm. Therefore, the value of the equipment deformation index delta is 1.397mm, and the equipment deformation index delta is used for judging the early warning state of the equipment. At the moment, the whole steel platform is not in a dynamic lifting state and is in a general operation state, and the power lifting structure does not work, so that the equipment fusing index FmThe value of (1) is 'no early warning'.
At this time, the temperature on the steel platform was 16 ℃Is suitable; the ground wind speed is 7 grades, and the wind speed is larger in about the high-altitude operation surface, and is actually measured to be 9 grades of wind. The project manager carries out comprehensive judgment on the environmental risk factors according to the criteria in the table 3, and judges the general environmental index ReThe value of (1) is 'yellow early warning'. The environmental fusing index F is not generated due to emergencies such as earthquake, typhoon and the likeeThe value of (1) is 'no early warning'.
TABLE 3 environmental risk index four-level early warning value partition criterion
S5: index reduction
Four early warning grading values { delta ] of equipment deformation index delta1、δ2、δ3、δ4Performing reduction according to a reduction coefficient table to obtain four early warning graded reduction values { delta 'of equipment deformation index delta'1、δ’2、δ’3、δ’4}; four early warning grading values { sigma over four equipment stress indexes sigma1、σ2、σ3、σ4Performing reduction according to a reduction coefficient table to obtain four early warning graded reduction values { sigma'1、σ’2、σ’3、σ’4}. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
look up reduction factor table (Table 1), personnel index RhValue of and general environmental index ReAll the values are 'yellow early warning', the reduction coefficient is 0.726, and the reduced equipment deformation index reduction value is as follows: delta 'of'1＝ 5.5mm，δ’2＝11.5mm，δ’3＝26.8mm，δ’4＝74.3mm。
S6: obtaining an equipment index RmValue of
The method comprises the steps of enabling a value of an equipment deformation index delta obtained through monitoring of a sensor to be matched with four graded reduction values { delta'1、δ’2、δ’3、δ’4Comparing to obtain Rm, deformationThe value of (A) is as follows: when delta<δ’1When R ism, deformationThe value of (1) is 'no early warning'; when delta'1≤δ<δ’2When R ism, deformationThe value of is 'blue warning'; when delta'2≤δ<δ’3When R ism，Deformation ofThe value of is 'yellow warning'; when delta'3≤δ<δ’4When R ism, deformationThe value of is orange early warning; when delta is more than or equal to delta'4When R ism, deformationThe value of is 'red early warning'; the method comprises the steps of obtaining a value of an equipment stress index sigma through monitoring of a sensor and four graded reduction values { sigma'1、σ’2、σ’3、σ’4Comparing to obtain Rm, force ofThe value of (A) is as follows: when sigma is<σ’1When R ism, force ofThe value of (1) is 'no early warning'; is sigma'1≤σ<σ’2When R ism, force ofThe value of is 'blue warning'; is sigma'2≤σ<σ’3When R ism, force ofThe value of is 'yellow warning'; is sigma'3≤σ<σ’4When R ism, force ofThe value of is orange early warning; when sigma is more than or equal to sigma'4When R ism, force ofThe value of (1) is 'red early warning'.
In this embodiment, the blue warning value of the deformation indicator after the reduction is δ'1The monitoring value of 1.397mm is less than the reduction value of 5.5mm at 5.5mm, and therefore the equipment index R is set upmThe value of (1) is 'blue warning'.
S7: obtaining the value of the system early warning index R
Total early warning state R, R ═ max { R) of super high-rise building construction project siteh,Rm, deformation,Rm, force of,Fm,Re,Fe}; in this embodiment, the value of the system warning index R is "yellow warning".
S8: issue early warning
The project management personnel issue the early warning to all areas and personnel of the super high-rise project site according to the yellow early warning obtained by the S7, the issuing means can be broadcast, mobile phone reminding, wearable device reminding or oral communication of the site management personnel, and the early warning level issuing is completed according to the total early warning state R of the site.
S9: early warning measure
The project site management personnel take corresponding safety control measures according to the issued early warning levels, in the embodiment, the project management personnel implement corresponding measures according to the 'yellow early warning' levels, and in the embodiment, the measures such as strengthening the patrol intensity, reducing the number of operators on the top of the steel platform, temporarily settling the constructors and the like can be taken.
S10: determination of shutdown
And (5) after the time step is finished, judging whether the machine is stopped: if the project is not stopped, continuing the early warning of the next time step, and returning to S3, if the project is stopped, entering S11; in this embodiment, the end time of the early warning time step is 14:30, at this time, the project is not stopped, the determination result is "no", and the early warning operation of the next early warning time step is performed.
S11: and finishing the construction safety risk early warning.
The warning cycle of this embodiment is not interrupted, so S11 is not present.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A construction early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, determining a deformation index delta and a reduction coefficient table of building equipment before the construction of a building project is started; the method comprises the steps of obtaining a value of an equipment deformation index delta through monitoring of a deformation sensor, dividing N-level early warning on the equipment deformation index delta, and enabling the value of the N-level early warning of the equipment deformation index to be deltai，δi0≤δi<δi1Wherein i is 1,2, … … N;
grading value { delta ] of equipment deformation index delta by adopting reduction coefficient k1、δ2、……δNThe reduction is carried out, and the reduction is carried out,obtaining a graded reduction value { delta'1、δ’2……δ’NWherein, delta'1,2,……N＝δ1,2,……NK; the value of the reduction coefficient k is obtained through equipment structure finite element analysis, different levels of personnel factors and environment factors are converted into different load and boundary conditions, and a reduction coefficient table is determined by comparing calculation results under different conditions; and respectively folding delta and the grading reduction value { delta'1、δ’2……δ’NComparing to obtain early warning state Rm, deformationTaking the value of (A);
secondly, starting a project, and starting construction safety risk early warning;
step three, issuing early warning grades according to the early warning state;
fourthly, the project site management personnel adopt corresponding safety control measures according to the issued early warning level;
judging whether the construction project is stopped, and stopping early warning if the construction project is stopped; if the construction project does not stop working, repeating the second step to the fourth step;
and step six, finishing the construction safety risk early warning.
2. The early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the first step further comprises the steps of monitoring through a stress sensor to obtain a value of an equipment stress index sigma, dividing the equipment stress index sigma into N levels of early warnings, and enabling the value of the Nth level of early warning of the equipment stress index to be sigmai，σi0≤σi<σi1Wherein i is 1,2, … … N; grading value { sigma ] of equipment stress index sigma by adopting reduction coefficient k1、σ2、……σNIs discounted to obtain a graded discount value { sigma'1、σ’2……σ’NWherein, σ'1,2,……N＝σ1,2,……NK; respectively dividing sigma into hierarchical discounted values { sigma'1、σ’2……σ’NComparing to obtain early warning state Rm, force ofTaking the value of (A); the total early warning state of the construction site is obtainedR，R＝max{Rm, deformation,Rm, force of}。
3. The early warning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the equipment deformation index δ comprises a measure of safety risk caused by excessive equipment deformation on a construction site according to monitored physical quantities of deformation, verticality and levelness of the whole steel platform equipment component.
4. The early warning method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the equipment stress index σ is a measure of safety risk caused by excessive stress on the equipment on the construction site according to the monitored physical quantities of stress and pressure of the whole steel platform equipment component.
5. The early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the equipment deformation index δ is divided into five levels of early warnings, namely a no early warning, a blue early warning, a yellow early warning, an orange early warning and a red early warning, according to the risk from low to high.
6. The early warning method according to claim 2, wherein the total early warning of the construction site is divided into five levels, and the five levels are respectively a non-early warning, a blue early warning, a yellow early warning, an orange early warning and a red early warning according to the risk from low to high.
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