CN109918791A - A kind of nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method, it is related to Human Engineering technical field, the people because analysis method for reliability include Step 1: determine under accident nuclear plant digital master control room operator dynamic cognitive process include monitoring, decision and execute three awareness stages, human factors analysis is indicated with the sum of the fault rate of three awareness stages；Step 2: defining the fault rate relational expression of each awareness stage using construction of indexes；Step 3: determining that the impact factor and impact factor of each awareness stage in step 2 are in the weight under different brackets；Step 4: determining the correction factor of each awareness stage in step 2.Nuclear plant digital master control room operator's human reliability analysis method of the invention is using nuclear power plant's digitlization master control room as background, it is proposed human reliability analysis method of the operator based on PSFs weight, the human factors analysis of operator's accident implementation procedure can be improved in this method, reduces fault.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Human Engineering technical fields, and especially a kind of nuclear plant digital master control room operator people is because reliable
Property analysis method.
Background technique
Currently, master control room of nuclear power station gradually moves towards to digitize, and compared with traditional master control room, digitlization master control room has bright
Aobvious advantage, however, master control room of nuclear power station operator is equal in cognitive process, behavior, fault mechanism under the new technology
Changed, occurs some new people therewith because of problem, such as: (1) contradiction of " voluminous amount of information and limited display "；(2) permitted
Multi information be all on interface it is unfixed, increase a possibility that operator misreads parameter information；(3) due to the information of flood tide
It cannot be shown simultaneously on same interface, so operator unavoidably continually calls phase to obtain the relevant information of system
The operation such as interface is closed, the number of operations for having increased significantly operator makes a possibility that making mistakes increase.(4) due to the covering at interface,
Operator cannot observe that just in changed parameter, operator is also busy with the completion of instructions, cannot examine in time in time
Important warning information is measured, the possibility of accident generation is increased.These variations, change locating for master control room of nuclear power station operator
Operating process and task type, increase human-equation error.Show in Complex Industrial Systems according to correlative study, 70%~
90% major accident or failure is caused by the fault of people, e.g., three miles of island accidents in 1979, Qie Erruo in 1986
Baily accident.
So far, human factors analysis has achieved relevant research achievement in terms of qualitative and quantitative analysis.Initially, people
Because reliability mainly studies the fault theory and classification of people, expert judgments etc., the HRA (human reliability analysis) which is related to
Method mainly has: SLIM-MAUD, HEART, expert's estimation method, OAT and AIPA, wherein compare typically HCR and THERP,
These methods focus on pursued in the way of structured modeling and mathematical computations etc. " accurate " analysis as a result, be limited by psychology,
The development level of cognitive science and computer science, it is generally existing in terms of human error's Analysis on Mechanism and cognitive process
The HRA method that this period occurs is known as first generation HRA method by some shortcomings, many researchers.Then, in 20th century 90
After age, there is second generation HRA method, it mainly studies the dynamic cognitive process of people, and core concept is that people is placed on thing
Therefore go to probe into the fault mechanism of people in situational context.The method in this stage has ATHEANA, CREAM and MERMOS etc..First
While generation and second generation HRA method gradually develop, there is a kind of third generation side HRA of dynamic modeling system based on emulation
Method, it simulates the performance of the people in actual environment using virtual scene, virtual environment and visual human, provides HRA modeling
The basis described with the dynamic of quantization, illustrates the characteristic of dynamic interaction between complicated person machine system, more representative to have:
Eye movement in cognitive environment emulation mode, operator-Power Plant Simulation model, man-machine integration design and analysis system, information generation
Probabilistic model, decision and information processing cognition quantitative model etc..Third generation HRA method overcomes the first generation and the second generation
A kind of dynamic HRA method based on simulation is established in the defect of HRA method, trial, but also has some incomplete places, such as:
All behaviors (Skill and method, regular pattern composite and knowledge type) cannot be handled；Operator lacks the basic theory of power plant's condition diagnosing；
Do not consider influence of the various actions impact factor to the behavior of people, inorganizable factor are how to influence people because can suitably comprehensively
By the theoretical basis of property.
Above-mentioned HRA method is that qualitative and quantitative analysis of the human factors analysis in each field provides the foundation, for the mistake for analyzing people
Accidentally rate, the behavioral implications factor, cognitive behavior, attention resource distribution etc. provide effective ways and means.But these methods
Traditional master control room is mainly adapted to, traditional mode of operation is not too much applicable in the people nuclear plant digital master more complicated because of problem
Control room operator fail-safe analysis.
Summary of the invention
Nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method provided by the invention, is digitized with nuclear power plant
Master control room is background, proposes that operator can be improved in human reliability analysis method of the operator based on PSFs weight, this method
The human factors analysis of accident implementation procedure reduces fault.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of nuclear plant digital master control room is grasped
Vertical member's human reliability analysis method, comprising:
Step 1: determining that the dynamic cognitive process of the nuclear plant digital master control room operator under accident includes monitoring, determines
Three awareness stages of plan and execution, indicate human factors analysis with the sum of the fault rate of three awareness stages；
PAccident treatment point(t, w)=PMonitoring(t,w)+PDecision(t,w)+PIt executes(t,w) (1)
Wherein, P indicates fault rate；T indicates the time；W indicates impact factor weight；
Step 2: defining the fault rate relational expression of each awareness stage using construction of indexes；
Wherein, i indicates cognition classification, and i=1 indicates monitoring, and i=2 indicates decision, and i=3 indicates to execute；kiIndicate different
The correction factor of awareness stage；Wi,jIndicate j-th of impact factor weight of i-th of cognition classification；Wi,j,vIndicate i-th of cognition
J-th of impact factor of classification is in the weight of v-th of grade；
Step 3: determining that the impact factor and impact factor of each awareness stage in step 2 are in the power under different brackets
Weight；
Step 4: determining the correction factor of each awareness stage in step 2.
Further, in three the aforementioned nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method the step of,
Can by literature survey, interview, early-stage study method, and according to the feature of nuclear plant digital master control room, determine monitoring,
Decision, the impact factor for executing three awareness stages, the impact factor after determining is as shown in the following table 1,2,3.
Table 1 monitors process impact factor
2 decision process impact factor of table
3 implementation procedure impact factor of table
Still further, three the aforementioned nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method the step of
In, each awareness stage impact factor and impact factor grade weight are all made of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) acquisition, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) packet
Include following steps:
One, by the element collection packetizing of problem, stratification, to establish multilevel hierarchical structure model；
Two, in multilevel hierarchical structure model, to the element collection for belonging to same father's element, they are determined according to deposit index
Relative Link Importance, and accordingly establish comparison matrix；
Three, the relative Link Importance of each element is determined by calculation；
Four, relative Link Importance is normalized, gained set of values is weight coefficient of the element collection to father's element
Collection.
The impact factor and impact factor grade weight such as the following table 6,7,8 institutes of three phases are obtained using analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
Show.
Table 6 monitors the weight under process impact factor weight and different brackets
Weight under 7 decision process impact factor weight of table and different brackets
Weight under 8 implementation procedure impact factor weight of table and different brackets
Further, four the aforementioned nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method the step of
In, when determining the correction factor of each awareness stage,
The method for first passing through simulated experiment determines the t of each awareness stageAllow/tIt executesRatio, due to tAllow/tIt executesThe variation of ratio
Amplitude is smaller, monitoring, decision, implementation procedure tAllow/tIt executesCognitive process of the ratio without distinguishing, with experiment porch acquisition
Time ratio is consistent, the tAllow/tIt executesAverage value be 0.82；
The average fault rate for determining each awareness stage respectively again, from Jiang Jianjun 2015 in " the safe and healthy and environment " phase
It printed for the 8th phase to deliver in the article of one entitled " the reliability test research of digitlization man-machine interface monitoring process impact factor ",
It is 0.03 that monitoring process average fault rate can be obtained by, which being computed,；It was sent out from Jiang Jianjun 2012 in the 1st phase of " Nuclear Power Engineering " periodical
One, table it is entitled " consider people because master-control room of nuclear power plant Cognitive Reliability model research " article in, be computed and decision can be obtained
Process average fault rate is 0.037；By the method for simulated experiment obtain implementation procedure be averaged fault rate be 0.0032；
Finally by the impact factor weight of determining each awareness stage, impact factor grade weight, tAllow/tIt executesRatio and
Average fault rate substitutes into fault rate relational expression defined in step 2, and solution obtains the correction factor of each awareness stage, monitors
The correction factor k in stage1It is 0.039, the correction factor k of decision phase2It is 0.0485, executes the correction factor k in stage3For
0.0041。
Nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method provided by the invention, using cognitive process as base
Plinth to monitoring, decision, executes three awareness stages building impact factors, is monitored respectively by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), certainly
Plan, implementation procedure impact factor and impact factor grade weight, and using simulated experiment as means and experimental data is divided
Analysis, obtains the parameter value of human reliability analysis method, and experimental data shows that this method has good reasonability, accuracy
And sensitivity, compared with traditional master control room human reliability analysis method, this method is more suitable for analysis master control room of nuclear power station
The human factors analysis of digitization system, its both simple possible, and the people of operator's accident implementation procedure can be effectively improved because reliable
Property, reduce fault.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the dynamic cognitive process figure of nuclear plant digital master control room operator；
Fig. 2 is to determine tAllow/tIt executes1 schematic diagram of experiment porch of ratio；
Fig. 3 is 2 schematic diagram of experiment porch for determining implementation procedure fault rate；
Fig. 4 is monitoring process human-equation error rate situation of change curve graph；
Fig. 5 is decision process human-equation error rate situation of change curve graph；
Fig. 6 is implementation procedure human-equation error rate situation of change curve graph.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is made further below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing
Bright, the content that embodiment refers to not is limitation of the invention.
A kind of nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method, including four big steps, each step
Detailed content it is as follows.
1, about step 1, " the dynamic cognitive process for determining the nuclear plant digital master control room operator under accident includes prison
Depending on, decision and three awareness stages are executed, human factors analysis is indicated with the sum of the fault rate of three awareness stages " and step
Two " the fault rate relational expression of each awareness stage is defined using construction of indexes "
At this stage, personal reliability start in conjunction with cognitive psychology, into the Cognitive Reliability model of people be
The new stage of research hotspot studies emphatically dynamic cognitive process of the people in accident process.The present invention is in dynamic cognitive process
On the basis of, characterized by nuclear plant digital master control room, using impact factor as dynamic variable, determining operator's dynamic is recognized
Process can be indicated with Fig. 1.
From fig. 1, it can be seen that operator's cognitive process is divided into three phases: monitoring, decision, execution correspond, in task
Or under accident, nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis is also by three monitoring, decision, execution part groups
At.
Fail-safe analysis is more in every field research achievement, is found out by existing achievement, and fail-safe analysis obedience refers to
Number distribution, such as: system/product reliability, component reliability；For another example: fatigue, workload, human reliability analysis of people etc..
Similar, the present invention uses construction of indexes to digitlization master control room operator human reliability analysis, specifically, the present invention is according to recognizing
Know process and digitlization master control room feature consider 1. to monitor respectively, the impact factor of decision, implementation procedure；2. task execution time
With the permission time；3. impact factor weight and the factor are in different grades of weight.Nuclear plant digital master control room manipulates as a result,
Member's human reliability analysis method is defined as:
Wherein, P indicates fault rate；T indicates the time；W indicates impact factor weight；I indicates cognition classification, and i=1 indicates prison
Depending on i=2 indicates decision, and i=3 indicates to execute；kiIndicate the correction factor in Different Cognitive stage；Wi,jIndicate i-th of cognition class
Other j-th of impact factor weight；Wi,j,vIndicate that j-th of impact factor of i-th of cognition classification is in the power of v-th of grade
Weight；
When as can be seen from Figure 1, to certain its human factors analysis of task point analysis of accident, three that consider cognitive process are needed sometimes
Component part, therefore, the fault rate of certain accident process points are as follows:
PAccident treatment point(t, w)=PMonitoring(t,w)+PDecision(t,w)+PIt executes(t,w) (1)
Several stages of cognitive process are different because completing target, and impact factor can difference.Find out from formula (2), to obtain
The fault rate for obtaining each stage needs the impact factor and impact factor that obtain 1. each awareness stage to be in the power under different brackets
Weight；2. fault rate correction factor ki.Correction factor is quasi- to be obtained by simulated experiment, be will be described below and how to be determined each awareness stage
Impact factor and impact factor grade weight.
2, " determine that the impact factor and impact factor of each awareness stage in step 2 are in different brackets about step 3
Under weight "
According to the description of Fig. 1, cognitive process of the present invention is divided into monitoring, decision and execution three phases.Monitoring is to recognize
The first step of journey, play the role of it is important, if monitoring procedure failure, will have a direct impact on subsequent decision and execution；Decision mistake
Journey is more complicated, is a crucial step, and the requirement to operator is relatively high；Implementation procedure is simpler, as long as under normal circumstances
It is just achievable to execute relevant operation.On the basis of literature survey, interview and early-stage study, according to nuclear plant digital master control room
The feature of operator's human factors analysis, the impact factor of three awareness stages is respectively such as table 1,2,3.
Table 1 monitors process impact factor
2 decision process impact factor of table
3 implementation procedure impact factor of table
Each awareness stage impact factor and impact factor grade weight can be obtained using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in table 1,2,3
, key step are as follows:
Step 1: by the element collection packetizing of problem, stratification, to establish multilevel hierarchical structure model.
Step 2:, to the element collection for belonging to same father's element, being determined according to deposit index in multilevel hierarchical structure model
Their relative Link Importance, and comparison matrix is established accordingly.
Step 3: determining the relative Link Importance of each element after by centainly calculating.
Step 4: relative Link Importance is normalized, gained set of values is power of the element collection to father's element
Coefficient set.
Impact factor weight of the present invention is all made of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) acquisition, since impact factor and level of factor are more, under
Face is only illustrated for monitoring that process impact factor weight solves, other weight solution procedurees are no longer carefully stated.
Monitoring process impact factor weight computations
(1) Judgement Matricies
Initial matrix, which needs to compare index two-by-two, carries out different degree marking.Importance degree presses 1 to 9 assignment, such as table 4.
4 impact factor different degree scale meaning of table
It includes: human reliability analysis expert, operator, man-machine interface research that present embodiment data survey, which is related to personnel,
Personnel, the senior trainer of human factors analysis；Data survey table includes monitoring, decision, executes three phases impact factor and influence
The matrix of level of factor judges table.30 parts of questionnaire are provided altogether, recycle 28 parts, 27 parts of actually active data.The number of each cell
According to being the different degree average value come out after each index classification is judged marking two-by-two, monitored by statistical analysis
Process impact factor judgment matrix is shown in Table 5.
Table 5 monitors process impact factor judgment matrix statistical form
| Impact factor | Operator's experience | Man-machine interface | Psychological pressure | Fatigue |
| Operator's experience | 1 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 3.6 |
| Man-machine interface | 1/2.1 | 1 | 1/2.4 | 2.3 |
| Psychological pressure | 1/1.6 | 2.4 | 1 | 3.2 |
| Fatigue | 1/3.6 | 1/2.3 | 1/3.2 | 1 |
(2) weight normalized
Step 1, the product of the every row element of computational chart 5:
M1(the 1st row product of table 5)=1 × 2.1 × 1.6 × 3.6=12.1
M2(the 2nd row product of table 5)=0.46
M3(the 3rd row product of table 5)=4.83
M4(the 4th row product of table 5)=0.04
Step 2 calculates separately M1,M2,M3,M44 th Roots:
Step 3, normalized:
W1=S1/(S1+S2+S3+S4)=1.87/ (1.87+0.82+1.48+0.45)=0.4
W2=0.18
W3=0.32
W4=0.1
Step 4 calculates the characteristic root of weight judgment matrix, uses λmaxIt indicates:
It obtains (FW)jProcess is as follows:
Then have:
(FW)1=1.65；(FW)2=0.73；(FW)3=1.32；(FW)4=0.39
λmax=(FW)1/(4×W1)+(FW)2/(4×W2)+(FW)3/(4×W3)+(FW)4/(4×W4)=4.05
Step 5 judges the consistency of weight matrix:
CI=(λmax-n)/(n-1)
=(4.05-4)/(4-1)
=0.02
Known by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), as n=4, RI=0.89, so that
CR=CI/RI
=0.02/0.89
=0.022
Due to CR=0.022 < 0.1, the consistency of monitoring process impact factor weight matrix can receive, expert
Judge that consistency is preferable.
It is similar, using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), obtain each impact factor grade weight of monitoring process.Monitoring process influence because
Son and impact factor grade weight such as table 6.
Table 6 monitors the weight under process impact factor weight and different brackets
It is similar with monitoring process impact factor weight preparation method, decision, implementation procedure impact factor and impact factor etc.
Grade weight it will not be described here its calculating process.Weight difference under decision, implementation procedure impact factor weight and different brackets
It is shown in Table 7,8.
Weight under 7 decision process impact factor weight of table and different brackets
Weight under 8 implementation procedure impact factor weight of table and different brackets
3, about step 4 " correction factor for determining each awareness stage in step 2 "
Correction factor kiDetermination based on formula (2), related parameter values substitute into formula (2) carry out calculating acquisition, phase
Parameter value is closed to obtain by simulated experiment and existing research.Find out from formula (2), the parameter value for needing to obtain are as follows: 1. Factor Weight
(table 6,7,8 has obtained)；②tAllow/tIt executesRatio；3. the fault rate of three awareness stages.Without loss of generality, based on formula (2)
Calculate kiWhen, three awareness stage tAllow/tIt executesRatio and fault rate take the average value of experimental data or existing research, each recognize
Know that effect stepwise level of factor weight takes by-level value.
1) three awareness stage tAllow/tIt executesThe determination of ratio
As shown in Fig. 2, building experiment porch 1, the operating process of the simulated experiment are as follows: 1. first subsequent in " allowing the time "
Text box inputs a value (after tested, this test allows the time to be set as 6S)；2. point " starts to test " button, at this moment institute is framed
Number in (totally 25 frames) can ceaselessly change；It needs to find from 24 frames in addition to central red block and number in red block
It is worth equal frame, if finding, clicks " confirmation " button, later, the numerical value of red block can changes, while the number of other 24 frames
According to can also change, but the numerical value of one and only one certain frame can be identical as the numerical value of red block, such repetitive operation；3. recognizing
Process total time is 2 time differences clicked between " determination " button.
Since correlation factor level has an impact to the time is executed, it has carried out experiment porch and Environment Design: 1. having operated
Unskilled person tests with practician；2. the design of psychological pressure grade is alarmed by the time, one section of damage sequence is read
Emotion text.5 people of participant is Hunan Institute of Technology junior, is male, average age 20.7.Everyone is in different shadows
It rings and is tested altogether 200 times under level of factor.
Find out from experiment flow, simulated experiment process contains monitoring, decision and execution, due to tAllow/tIt executesRatio becomes
Change amplitude is less, monitoring, decision, implementation procedure tAllow/tIt executesCognition of the ratio without distinguishing, with experiment porch acquisition
The journey time is than consistent.It as a result is all experimental data average values, through analyzing, the t of acquisitionAllow/tIt executesRatio is shown in Table 9.
The average value of 9 cognitive process time of table ratio
2) three awareness stages are averaged the determination of fault rate
(1) process average fault rate is monitored
An entitled " digitlization man-machine interface was delivered in the 8th phase of " safe and healthy and environment " periodical from Jiang Jianjun 2015
The reliability test of monitoring process impact factor is studied " article in, being computed and its average fault rate can be obtained is 0.03.
(2) decision process is averaged fault rate
From Jiang Jianjun 2012 the 1st phase of " Nuclear Power Engineering " periodical deliver one it is entitled " consider people because nuclear power factory owner
Control the research of room Cognitive Reliability model " article in, being computed and its average fault rate can be obtained is 0.037.
(3) implementation procedure is averaged fault rate
As shown in figure 3, building experiment porch 2, obtains implementation procedure and be averaged experiment porch, the experiment flow, reality of fault rate
Test participant, experiment number and tAllow/tIt executesThe experimental program that ratio determines is essentially identical, and difference is that implementation procedure is confirming
When the stage, same " confirmation " button is always clicked unlike Fig. 2, but is clicked and is corresponded to according to the range where different numerical value
ACK button.Such as Fig. 3, data variation range is divided into 5 sections between 1-100, if numerical value (including 20) point between 1 to 20
" confirmation 1 " button is hit, it is similar if clicking " confirmation 2 " button between 20-40, " confirmation 3 ", " confirmation are clicked according to numberical range
4 ", " confirmation 5 ".Through analysis of experimental data, the average fault rate of implementation procedure is 0.0032.It is readable to improve, three cognitions
The fault rate table 10 in stage indicates.
The average fault rate of 10 awareness stage of table
3) correction factor kiDetermination
Correction factor is obtained with formula (2) as calculation formula, according to obtained data (table 6,7,8,9,10), is substituted into formula (2),
Then formula (2) is solved.Now to monitor process k1For illustrate obtain correction factor value process, phase in table 6,9,10
Data (for the sake of conservative, weighting levels value takes by-level) are closed to be updated to formula (2), as follows:
0.03=k1*e-{0.82*(0.4*0.34+0.18*0.32+0.32*0.32+0.1*0.32)}
Above formula is solved, is obtained: k1=0.039
Similarly, it can get k2, k3Value, be shown in Table 11.
11 correction factor value of table
| k1 | k2 | k3 |
| 0.039 | 0.0485 | 0.0041 |
Present embodiment analyzes human-equation error rate when each awareness stage impact factor is in three different brackets levels and becomes
Change situation, when each awareness stage impact factor grade weight all takes worst, generally, when best three kinds of situations, can most reflect mistake
The accidentally change procedure of rate is based on formula (2), and the human-equation error rate change curve that table 6,7,8,9,11 obtains is shown in Fig. 4,5,6.By Fig. 4,
5,6 it is found that poorer grade locating for each awareness stage impact factor, and human-equation error rate is bigger, each awareness stage impact factor
Locating grade is different, and curve is reasonable, accurate this demonstrate the human factors analysis method in present embodiment in certain variation
's.
For the calculating process for analyzing nuclear plant digital master control room operator's human factors analysis, let out below with nuclear power plant HTS
It is illustrated for leakage accident, while the reasonability of the example also human reliability analysis method in provable present embodiment
And accuracy.
HTS leakage accident author once did experiment, and present embodiment therefrom has chosen some accident points and illustrated.Accident
After type and crash analysis point are chosen, need to carry out type of cognition division to accident point that (accident point may include 2 or 3
Type of cognition) and determine permission time (generally being obtained from investigation or simulated experiment).Accident point is chosen, accident point type of cognition is drawn
Divide (present embodiment is sub-divided into a kind of type of cognition), time (interview obtains) and the average time of experiment acquisition is allowed to be shown in Table
12。
The time of some accident point designs of table 12HTS and cost
The calculating process of human factors analysis is as follows:
1. related parameter values are substituted into according to formula (2) fault rate that can get each cognition classification of each step；
2. first passing through formula (2) if accident treatment point includes 2 or 3 type of cognitions in decomposable process and being lost respectively
Accidentally after rate, calculated further according to formula (1).
From formula (2) it is found that the parameter value for needing to obtain are as follows: adjusted coefficient KiIt is shown in Table 11；Impact factor and impact factor etc.
Grade weight is shown in Table 6,7,8；Time and execution time is allowed to be shown in Table 12.
Before calculating, needs to be determined in advance which hierarchy level each impact factor is in as the case may be, do not lose one
As property, in the instance analysis, each impact factor hierarchy level weight takes medium level.
Human-equation error analysis is carried out with the accident point of serial number 1,5,8 in table 12 below.
1) the accident point human-equation error of serial number 1 is analyzed in table 12
According to formula (2), table 6,11,12,1 human-equation error rate of accident point is as follows:
pMonitoring(t, w)=0.039*e-{(29/34.72)*(0.4*0.34+0.18*0.32+0.32*0.32+0.1*0.32)}=0.0297
2) the accident point human-equation error of serial number 5 is analyzed in table 12
According to formula (2), table 7,11,12,5 human-equation error rate of accident point is as follows:
pDecision(t, w)=0.0485*e-{(33/38.28)*(0.35*0.31+0.31*0.33+0.19*0.37+0.15*0.33)}=0.0364
3) the accident point human-equation error of serial number 8 is analyzed in table 12
According to formula (2), table 8,11,12,8 human-equation error rate of accident point is as follows:
pIt executes(t, w)=0.0041*e-{(7/7.36)*(0.29*0.32+0.18*0.32+0.31*0.33+0.22*0.31)}=0.0030
Similar, by same calculating process, listed other case point human-equation error rates are readily available in table 12,
It is shown in Table 13.
The human-equation error rate of some accident points of table 13HTS leakage accident
In table 13, the experimental data that human-equation error rate and some researchers obtained by formula (2) obtain is almost the same,
This illustrates that method proposed by the present invention can be advantageously applied to nuclear power plant's digitlization master control room human reliability analysis.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable implementation of the present invention, and in addition to this, the present invention can be realized with other way,
Do not depart from the technical program design under the premise of it is any obviously replace it is within the scope of the present invention.
In order to allow those of ordinary skill in the art more easily to understand the improvements of the present invention compared with the existing technology, this
Some attached drawings of invention and description have been simplified, and for the sake of clarity, present specification is omitted some other members
Element, the element that those of ordinary skill in the art should be aware that these are omitted also may make up the contents of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method characterized by comprising
Step 1: determine under accident nuclear plant digital master control room operator dynamic cognitive process include monitoring, decision and
Three awareness stages are executed, human factors analysis is indicated with the sum of the fault rate of three awareness stages；
PAccident treatment point(t, w)=PMonitoring(t,w)+PDecision(t,w)+PIt executes(t,w) (1)
Wherein, P indicates fault rate；T indicates the time；W indicates impact factor weight；
Step 2: defining the fault rate relational expression of each awareness stage using construction of indexes；
Wherein, i indicates cognition classification, and i=1 indicates monitoring, and i=2 indicates decision, and i=3 indicates to execute；kiIndicate Different Cognitive rank
The correction factor of section；Wi,jIndicate j-th of impact factor weight of i-th of cognition classification；Wi,j,vIndicate i-th of cognition classification
J-th of impact factor is in the weight of v-th of grade；
Step 3: determining that the impact factor and impact factor of each awareness stage in step 2 are in the weight under different brackets；
Step 4: determining the correction factor of each awareness stage in step 2.
2. nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in step 3, by literature survey, interview, early-stage study method, and according to the spy of nuclear plant digital master control room
Sign determines monitoring, decision, the impact factor for executing three awareness stages；Impact factor during monitoring includes operator's warp
It tests, man-machine interface, psychological pressure and fatigue；Impact factor in decision process includes operator's experience, task complexity, psychology
Pressure and teams and groups' harmony；Impact factor in implementation procedure includes operator's training level, man-machine interface complexity, tensity
With the interference of factor.
3. nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method according to claim 2, feature exist
In: in step 3, each awareness stage impact factor and impact factor grade weight are all made of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) acquisition, the layer
Fractional analysis includes the following steps:
One, by the element collection packetizing of problem, stratification, to establish multilevel hierarchical structure model；
Two, in multilevel hierarchical structure model, to the element collection for belonging to same father's element, their phase is determined according to deposit index
To different degree, and comparison matrix is established accordingly；
Three, the relative Link Importance of each element is determined by calculation；
Four, relative Link Importance is normalized, gained set of values is weight coefficient collection of the element collection to father's element.
4. nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method according to claim 3, feature exist
In: in step 3, the impact factor and impact factor grade weight during determining monitoring are as follows:
The weight of operator's experience is 40%, and the weight that operator's experience is under abundant, general, poor different brackets is respectively
41%, 34%, 25%；
The weight of man-machine interface is 18%, and the weight that man-machine interface is under preferable, general, poor different brackets is respectively
47%, 32%, 21%；
The weight of psychological pressure is 32%, and psychological pressure is in weight less, general, under relatively big difference grade and is respectively
48%, 32%, 20%；
The weight of fatigue is 10%, and the weight under fatigue different brackets relatively abundant in energy, general, more tired is respectively
39%, 32%, 29%.
5. nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method according to claim 4, feature exist
In: in step 3, the impact factor and impact factor grade weight in determining decision process are as follows:
The weight of operator's experience is 35%, and the weight that operator's experience is under abundant, general, poor different brackets is respectively
52%, 31%, 17%；
The weight of task complexity is 18%, and task complexity is in the weight under simpler, general, more complex different brackets point
It Wei 49%, 33%, 18%；
The weight of psychological pressure is 19%, and psychological pressure is in weight less, general, under relatively big difference grade and is respectively
42%, 37%, 21%；
The weight of teams and groups' harmony is 15%, and the weight that teams and groups' harmony is under preferable, general, poor different brackets is respectively
39%, 33%, 28%.
6. nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method according to claim 5, feature exist
In: in step 3, the impact factor and impact factor grade weight in determining implementation procedure are as follows:
It is 29% that operator, which trains horizontal weight, and operator trains the horizontal power under preferable, general, poor different brackets
It is again respectively 41%, 32%, 27%；
The weight of man-machine interface complexity is 18%, and man-machine interface complexity is under simpler, general, more complex different brackets
Weight be respectively 43%, 32%, 25%；
The weight of tensity is 19%, tensity be in weight less, general, under relatively big difference grade be respectively 46%,
33%, 21%；
The weight of the interference of factor is 22%, and the interference of factor is respectively in weight less, general, under relatively big difference grade
45%, 31%, 24%.
7. nuclear plant digital master control room operator human reliability analysis method according to claim 6, feature exist
In: in step 4, when determining the correction factor of each awareness stage,
The method for first passing through simulated experiment determines the t of each awareness stageAllow/tIt executesRatio, due to tAllow/tIt executesThe amplitude of variation of ratio
It is smaller, monitoring, decision, implementation procedure tAllow/tIt executesCognitive process time of the ratio without distinguishing, with experiment porch acquisition
Than consistent, the tAllow/tIt executesAverage value be 0.82；
The average fault rate for determining each awareness stage respectively again, from Jiang Jianjun 2015 in " safe and healthy and environment " periodical the 8th
Phase delivers in the article of one entitled " the reliability test research of digitlization man-machine interface monitoring process impact factor ", is computed
Can obtain monitoring process average fault rate is 0.03；One was delivered in the 1st phase of " Nuclear Power Engineering " periodical from Jiang Jianjun 2012
In the article of entitled " consider people because the research of master-control room of nuclear power plant Cognitive Reliability model ", it is computed that decision process can be obtained is flat
Equal fault rate is 0.037；By the method for simulated experiment obtain implementation procedure be averaged fault rate be 0.0032；
Finally by the impact factor weight of determining each awareness stage, impact factor grade weight, tAllow/tIt executesRatio and average
Fault rate substitutes into fault rate relational expression defined in step 2, and solution obtains the correction factor of each awareness stage, monitoring phase
Correction factor k1It is 0.039, the correction factor k of decision phase2It is 0.0485, executes the correction factor k in stage3It is 0.0041.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112163680A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 湘潭大学 | Cognitive computation-based wind power fault operation and maintenance management method |
| CN112784446A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-05-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | BDI-based multi-subject full-factor security modeling method |
| CN114862121A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-08-05 | 清华大学 | Associated infrastructure system modeling method and device considering human factor influence |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112163680A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 湘潭大学 | Cognitive computation-based wind power fault operation and maintenance management method |
| CN112163680B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2024-03-08 | 湘潭大学 | Wind power failure operation and maintenance management method based on cognitive calculation |
| CN112784446A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-05-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | BDI-based multi-subject full-factor security modeling method |
| CN114862121A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-08-05 | 清华大学 | Associated infrastructure system modeling method and device considering human factor influence |
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