CN113483620A - Circle center positioning device and positioning method - Google Patents

Circle center positioning device and positioning method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113483620A
CN113483620A CN202111046602.7A CN202111046602A CN113483620A CN 113483620 A CN113483620 A CN 113483620A CN 202111046602 A CN202111046602 A CN 202111046602A CN 113483620 A CN113483620 A CN 113483620A
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China
Prior art keywords
circle center
guide rod
positioning
limiting cylinder
positioning device
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CN202111046602.7A
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CN113483620B (en
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许开胜
高辉
钟立蓉
闫大鹏
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Wuhan Raycus Fiber Laser Technologies Co Ltd
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Wuhan Raycus Fiber Laser Technologies Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circle center measurement in the machining industry, and discloses a circle center positioning device and a positioning method, wherein the device comprises: two vertically intersecting guide rods; the center post is arranged at the intersection of the two guide rods and is perpendicular to the two guide rods, and one end of the center post is provided with a tip; two positioning assemblies symmetrically disposed on the guide bar relative to the junction, the positioning assemblies being movable along the guide bar. The device has the advantages of few components, simple structure, low cost and convenient operation, and can quickly and accurately determine the circle center positions of circular characteristics such as round holes, round grooves, round cakes, cylinders and the like with different sizes.

Description

Circle center positioning device and positioning method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circle center measurement in the machining industry, in particular to a circle center positioning device and a circle center positioning method.
Background
In the production and processing, circular products are often required to be processed, and the positioning of the circle center is always a difficult problem encountered by manufacturers in the processing process. A commonly used technique for positioning the center of a circle is to measure the distance between the positioning surface and the center of the machine tool, and then calculate the distance between the positioning surface and the center of the machine tool to determine the center of the circle. The method depends too much on the precision of the machine tool, has large and complicated errors, influences the production efficiency and cannot determine the positioning accuracy.
In the field of laser machining, such as laser welding, parts having circular groove features are often encountered. In this case, it is necessary to form uniformly distributed circular or other regular-shaped welds centered on the center of the concave surface. When welding is carried out, the position of the circle center is judged by visual observation only by guiding red light, so that a large error is inevitably caused, and the final distribution of welding seams is influenced.
The existing circle center positioning device has the problems of more parts, high processing difficulty, complex operation, only aiming at hole or groove characteristic parts and the like. In view of the problems encountered in the above-mentioned fields of application. The circle center positioning device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, high cost performance, high measurement precision and efficiency, and can realize circle center positioning of circular characteristics such as circular holes, circular grooves, circular cakes and cylinders with different sizes.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a circle center positioning device and a circle center positioning method which have the advantages of simple structure, convenience and quickness in operation, high cost performance, high measurement precision and efficiency and capability of realizing circular features of different sizes.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a circle center positioning device, including: two vertically intersecting guide rods; the center post is arranged at the intersection of the two guide rods and is perpendicular to the two guide rods, and one end of the center post is provided with a tip; a pair of positioning assemblies symmetrically disposed on each of the guide rods relative to the junction, the positioning assemblies being movable along the guide rods.
Optionally, the positioning assembly comprises: the limiting cylinder, the elastic connecting piece and the positioning block; an axial through hole is formed in the limiting cylinder, so that the limiting cylinder can be movably sleeved on the guide rod; one end of the elastic connecting piece is connected with the limiting cylinder, and the positioning block is arranged on the guide rod section at the other end of the elastic connecting piece.
Optionally, the positioning block is provided with a long round hole, and the guide rod penetrates through the long round hole; at least one side surface of the two opposite side surfaces provided with the long round holes is an arc-shaped concave surface.
Optionally, the guide rod is provided with an external thread, and an internal thread is arranged in the axial through hole of the limiting cylinder, so that the limiting cylinder is in threaded connection with the guide rod.
Optionally, a radial threaded hole is formed in the side wall of the limiting cylinder and communicated with a through hole arranged in the limiting cylinder; and a plunger bolt is arranged in the radial threaded hole and used for positioning the limiting cylinder on the guide rod.
Optionally, the positioning assembly further comprises a backing plate connected with one end of the elastic connecting piece adjacent to the positioning block, and the backing plate is movably sleeved on the guide rod.
Optionally, a distance scale is provided on the guide rod from the junction.
Optionally, the two vertically intersecting guide rods and the central column are integrally formed, or are formed by assembling a plurality of split guide rod sections and a central column section.
Optionally, the device further comprises a laser emitting device disposed at one end of the central column.
The invention provides a method for positioning a circle center by using the circle center positioning device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the circle center positioning device on the detected circular component;
s2, moving the limiting cylinder to a proper position along the guide rod, and fixing the limiting cylinder on the guide rod;
s3, moving a positioning block along the guide rod to the direction of compressing the elastic connecting piece, so that the positioning block is abutted against the inner or outer circumferential surface of the detected circular component under the action of the restoring force of the elastic connecting piece;
and S4, determining the circle center position of the circular hole of the workpiece through the center or the laser emitting device.
Alternatively, in step S4, the laser emitting device is started, and the irradiation point on the set plane is the projection point of the center of the detected circular component on the set plane.
(III) advantageous effects
The circle center positioning device and the positioning method provided by the invention determine the circle center position of the circular feature through two vertically crossed guide rods, a central column perpendicular to the guide rods and a positioning assembly arranged on the guide rods. The device has the advantages of few components, simple structure, low cost and convenient operation, and can quickly and accurately determine the circle center positions of circular characteristics such as round holes, round grooves, round cakes, cylinders and the like with different sizes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a circle center positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the circle center positioning device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting cylinder of the circle center positioning device in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning block of the circle center positioning device in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a backing plate of the circle center positioning device in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting block of the circle center positioning device in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an overall configuration diagram of another example of the circle center positioning device in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the circle center positioning device of FIG. 7;
FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic views of a circle center positioning device with a support block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a circle center positioning method according to an embodiment of the invention.
The reference numbers in the drawings are, in order:
1. the guide rod comprises a guide rod body 2, a central column 21, a tip 3, a positioning assembly 31, a limiting cylinder 310, an axial through hole 311, a radial threaded hole 32, an elastic connecting piece 33, a positioning block 330, a long round hole 331, an arc concave surface 34, a cushion plate 4 and a supporting block.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the examples and the accompanying drawings. The following examples of the present invention are provided herein to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circle center positioning device, including: two vertically crossed guide rods 1; the central column 2 is arranged at the intersection of the two guide rods 1 and is vertical to the two guide rods 1; the positioning assemblies 3 are symmetrically arranged on a pair of guide rods 1 relative to the intersection of the two guide rods 1, and the positioning assemblies 3 can move along the guide rods 1. The two guide rods 1 and the central column 2 are similar to three coordinate axes in a space coordinate system, the central column 2 is equivalent to a Z axis, and the two guide rods 1 which are vertically intersected are equivalent to an X axis and a Y axis. One end of the central column 2 is provided with a tip 21, and the tip 21 is usually arranged at the bottom end of the central column 2 and used for marking the position of the circle center of an object to be measured when the circle center of the object is determined. Two positioning assemblies 3 are arranged on each guide rod 1, and the two positioning assemblies 3 on each guide rod 1 are respectively positioned on two sides of the intersection of the two guide rods 1 and are symmetrically arranged relative to the intersection.
In one embodiment, one end of the central column 2 is provided with a laser emitting device (not shown in the figure) for marking the projection of the center of the measured object when determining the center of the object. The laser emitting device can be arranged at the bottom end of the central column 2, and can also be arranged at the top end of the central column 2.
In one embodiment, the two perpendicularly intersecting guide rods 1 and the central column 2 are integrally formed, or are formed by assembling a plurality of separate guide rod sections and central column sections. Each guide rod consists of two guide rod sections, and the central column consists of two central column sections. The individual guide rod segments and the central column segment are assembled together at an intersection.
In one embodiment, shown in fig. 9A and 9B, the guide rod segments and the central column segment may be mounted on a support block 4, for example, by making holes in the side walls of the support block 4, into which the guide rod segments and the central column segment are inserted; the guide rod sections and the central column section can be connected with the hole through threads, and the connection mode of the guide rod sections and the central column section with the supporting block 4 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the invention. The supporting block 4 may be a regular cube, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, a cylinder, etc., as shown in fig. 6, and the shape of the supporting block 4 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the positioning assembly 3 includes: a limiting cylinder 31, an elastic connecting piece 32 and a positioning block 33. An axial through hole 310 is formed in the limiting cylinder 31, so that the limiting cylinder 31 can be movably sleeved on the guide rod 1; one end of the elastic connecting piece 32 is connected with the limiting cylinder 31, and the positioning block 33 is arranged on the guide rod 1 section at the other end of the elastic connecting piece 32. An external thread can be arranged on the guide rod 1, and an internal thread is arranged in the axial through hole 310 of the limiting cylinder 31, so that the limiting cylinder 31 is in threaded connection with the guide rod 1; and moves along the guide bar 1 by means of the thread. A radial threaded hole 311 may be formed in a side wall of the guide rod 31, the threaded hole 310 is communicated with an axial through hole 310 provided in the limiting cylinder 31, a plunger bolt is installed in the radial threaded hole 311, and an end of the plunger bolt abuts against the guide rod 1 to fix the limiting cylinder 31 at a certain position on the guide rod 1. Other connection modes can be used for sleeving the limiting cylinder 31 on the guide rod 1, and only the limiting cylinder 31 can move along the guide rod 1 and can be positioned at a certain position of the guide rod 1, and the connection mode of the limiting cylinder 31 and the guide rod 1 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the invention.
In order to determine the position of the limiting cylinder 31 on the guide rod 1 when adjusting the position of the limiting cylinder 31, distance scales away from the intersection of the two guide rods 1 can be arranged on the guide rod 1.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the elastic connecting element 32 may be a spring, and the axial through hole 310 formed in the limiting cylinder 31 is a stepped hole, wherein the diameter of the section of the hole connected to the spring is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the spring. One end of the spring is inserted into the length of the hole until it abuts against a step in the stepped hole and forms an interference fit with the length of the hole and the end of the spring is secured in the hole.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the positioning block 33 is provided with an elongated hole 330, and the guide rod 1 passes through the elongated hole 330, so that the positioning block 33 can move along the guide rod 1. At least one of two opposite side surfaces of the positioning block 33, on which the oblong holes are formed, is provided with an arc-shaped concave surface 331, so that when the center of a measured object is determined, the side of the arc-shaped concave surface 331 makes line contact with the outer circumference or the inner circumference of the measured object. For the two side surfaces, one side surface may be a plane, and the side surface opposite to the plane may be an arc-shaped concave surface 331; or both sides may be curved concave surfaces 331. When determining the center of the object to be measured, the arc-shaped concave surface 331 can be used for determining the direction of a certain diameter of the circular solid, and can also be used for determining the direction of a certain diameter of the circular hole or the circular groove. While the flat surface can only be used to determine the orientation of a certain diameter of a circular hole or a circular recess. When the center of the measured object is determined, one of the two side surfaces of the positioning block 33 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the measured object or the inner surface of the circular hole or the circular groove under the action of the elastic connecting member 32.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the positioning assembly 3 further includes a pad 34 connected to one end of the elastic connecting element 32 adjacent to the positioning block 33, and the pad 34 is movably sleeved on the guide rod 1. A stepped through hole is opened in the backing plate 34, wherein the diameter of the section of the hole connected with the spring is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the spring. One end of the spring is inserted into the length of the hole until it abuts against a step in the stepped hole and forms an interference fit with the length of the hole and the end of the spring is secured in the hole. The width of the backing plate 34 is greater than or equal to the width of the positioning block 33, so that when the circle center of the measured object is determined, the area of the elastic connecting piece 32 applying force to the positioning block 33 is increased through the backing plate 34, and the side surface of the positioning block 33 is attached to the (inner or outer) circumferential surface of the measured object more closely.
When the circle center of the object to be measured is determined by using the outer circumference of the object to be measured, for example, a disc, a cylinder, etc., the positioning assembly 3 is arranged on the guide rods 1 in the order of (from the intersection of two guide rods 1 to the end of the guide rod 1) the positioning block 33, the backing plate 34, the elastic connecting piece 32 and the limiting cylinder 31, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
When the inner circumference of the object to be measured is used to determine the center of circle, for example, a round hole, a round groove, etc., the positioning assembly 3 is arranged on the guide rods 1 in the order of (from the intersection of two guide rods 1 to the end of the guide rods 1) the limiting cylinder 31, the elastic connecting piece 32, the backing plate 34 and the positioning block 33, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
Not only the order of installation of the components included in the positioning assembly 3 is reversed in the above two application scenarios, but also the placement of the positioning block 33 and the pad plate 34 is reversed in the above two application scenarios.
For example, when the circle center of the object to be measured is determined by using the outer circumference of the object to be measured, the limiting cylinder 31 is located at the farthest position from the intersection, and the right side of the limiting cylinder 31 is connected with the elastic connecting piece 32, as shown in fig. 1 and 2; while
When the circle center of the object to be measured is determined by the inner circumference of the object to be measured, the limiting cylinder 31 is located at the position closest to the intersection, and the left side of the limiting cylinder 31 is connected with the elastic connecting piece 32, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
As shown in fig. 10, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for positioning a circle center using the circle center positioning apparatus, where the method includes the following steps:
s1, placing the circle center positioning device on the detected circular component;
so that the central column 2 is located approximately at the centre area of the circular part to be inspected.
S2, moving the limiting cylinder 31 to a proper position along the guide rod 1, and fixing the limiting cylinder 31 on the guide rod 1;
when the circle center of the detected circular component is determined by using the outer circumference of the component, such as a disc, a cylinder and the like, after the circle center positioning device is placed on the upper surface of the component, the limiting cylinder 31 is moved to the outside of the outer circumference of the detected circular component along the guide rod 1, so that the positioning block 33 can be tightly clamped on the outer circumference of the detected circular component after the elastic connecting piece 32 is compressed;
when the inner circumference of the circular part of the object to be measured is used for determining the circle center, such as a circular hole, a circular groove and the like, after the circle center positioning device is placed on the circular hole or the groove, the limiting cylinder 31 is moved to the inner circumference of the circular hole or the groove along the guide rod 1, so that the positioning block 33 can abut against the inner circumference of the circular hole or the groove after the elastic connecting piece 32 is compressed;
when the circle center of the round hole is determined, the central column 2 is inserted into the round hole, and the guide rod 1 is lapped on the side wall of the round hole.
S3, moving the positioning block 33 along the guide rod 1 in a direction to compress the elastic connecting member 32, so that the positioning block 33 abuts against the (inner or outer) circumferential surface of the detected circular component under the restoring force of the elastic connecting member 32;
when the circle center of the circular part to be detected is determined by the outer circumference of the circular part to be detected, the positioning block 33 is ensured to form line contact with the outer circumference of the part to be detected by the two sides of the arc-shaped concave surface 331 on one side surface of the positioning block 33.
In this step, the position of the limiting cylinder 31 on the guide rod 1 can be finely adjusted as required. The distance scales of the guide rods 1 can be used, when the circle center of the detected part is determined, the positions of the two limiting cylinders 31 of the same guide rod 1 are symmetrical relative to the intersection of the two guide rods 1, and accordingly the stress of the two corresponding positioning blocks 33 is close to or equal to each other.
And S4, determining the circle center position of the circular hole of the workpiece through the center 21 or the laser emitting device.
At this time, the contact point of the center 21 with the detected member is the center of the detected member.
The center of the detected part can also be determined by the laser emitting device. When the laser emitting device is arranged at the bottom end of the central column 2, the laser emitting device is started, and the irradiation point of the laser emitting device on the detected component is the circle center of the detected component. When the laser emitting device is arranged at the top end of the central column 2, the laser emitting device is started, and the irradiation point of the laser emitting device on the set plane is the projection point of the circle center of the detected circular component on the set plane.
The circle center positioning device and the positioning method provided by the invention determine the circle center position of the circular feature through two vertically crossed guide rods, a central column perpendicular to the guide rods and a positioning assembly arranged on the guide rods. The device has the advantages of few components, simple structure, low cost and convenient operation, and can quickly and accurately determine the circle center positions of circular characteristics such as round holes, round grooves, round cakes, cylinders and the like with different sizes.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only terms of relationships determined for convenience of describing structural relationships of the parts or elements of the present invention, and are not intended to refer to any parts or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. To those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A circle center positioning device, comprising:
two vertically crossed guide rods (1);
the center post (2) is arranged at the intersection of the two guide rods (1) and is perpendicular to the two guide rods (1), and one end of the center post (2) is provided with a tip (21);
a pair of positioning assemblies (3) symmetrically arranged on each guide bar (1) with respect to the junction, the positioning assemblies (3) being movable along the guide bars (1).
2. The circle center positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning assembly (3) comprises: a limiting cylinder (31), an elastic connecting piece (32) and a positioning block (33);
an axial through hole (310) is formed in the limiting cylinder (31), so that the limiting cylinder (31) can be movably sleeved on the guide rod (1);
one end of the elastic connecting piece (32) is connected with the limiting cylinder (31), and the positioning block (33) is arranged on the guide rod (1) section at the other end of the elastic connecting piece (32).
3. The circle center positioning device according to claim 2, wherein the positioning block (33) is provided with a long circular hole (330), and the guide rod (1) passes through the long circular hole (330);
at least one side surface of the two opposite side surfaces provided with the long round holes (330) is provided with an arc-shaped concave surface (331).
4. The circle center positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide rod (1) is provided with an external thread, and an internal thread is arranged in the axial through hole (310) of the limiting cylinder (31), so that the limiting cylinder (31) is in threaded connection with the guide rod (1).
5. The circle center positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that a radial threaded hole (311) is formed in the side wall of the limiting cylinder (31) and communicated with a through hole arranged in the limiting cylinder (31); and a plunger bolt is arranged in the radial threaded hole (311) and used for positioning the limiting cylinder (31) on the guide rod (1).
6. The circle center positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that the positioning assembly further comprises a backing plate (34) connected with one end of the elastic connecting piece (32) adjacent to the positioning block (33), and the backing plate (34) is movably sleeved on the guide rod (1).
7. Circle center positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that a distance scale is provided on the guide rod (1) from the intersection.
8. The circle center positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the two vertically intersecting guide rods (1) and the central column (2) are integrally formed or formed by assembling a plurality of split guide rod sections and central column sections.
9. The circle center positioning device according to any one of claims 2-8, further comprising a laser emitting device disposed at one end of the center post.
10. A method of locating a circle center using the circle center positioning device of claim 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, placing the circle center positioning device on the detected circular component;
s2, moving the limiting cylinder (31) to a proper position along the guide rod (1), and fixing the limiting cylinder (31) on the guide rod (1);
s3, moving a positioning block (33) along the guide rod (1) in the direction of compressing an elastic connecting piece (32), so that the positioning block (33) is abutted to the circumferential surface of the detected circular component under the action of the restoring force of the elastic connecting piece (32);
and S4, determining the circle center position of the circular hole of the workpiece through the center (21) or a laser emitting device.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein in step S4, the laser emitting device is activated, and the irradiation point on a set plane is the projection point of the center of the detected circular part on the set plane.
CN202111046602.7A 2021-09-08 2021-09-08 Circle center positioning device and positioning method Active CN113483620B (en)

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