CN113483620B - Circle center positioning device and positioning method - Google Patents

Circle center positioning device and positioning method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113483620B
CN113483620B CN202111046602.7A CN202111046602A CN113483620B CN 113483620 B CN113483620 B CN 113483620B CN 202111046602 A CN202111046602 A CN 202111046602A CN 113483620 B CN113483620 B CN 113483620B
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China
Prior art keywords
positioning
center
guide rod
limiting cylinder
guide rods
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CN113483620A (en
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许开胜
高辉
钟立蓉
闫大鹏
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Wuhan Raycus Fiber Laser Technologies Co Ltd
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Wuhan Raycus Fiber Laser Technologies Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circle center measurement in the processing industry, and discloses a circle center positioning device and a positioning method, wherein the device comprises the following components: two guide rods which are vertically intersected; the center column is arranged at the junction of the two guide rods and perpendicular to the two guide rods, and one end of the center column is provided with a center; two positioning assemblies symmetrically disposed on the guide bar relative to the junction, the positioning assemblies being movable along the guide bar. The device has the advantages of few parts, simple structure, low cost and convenient operation, and can rapidly and accurately determine the circle center positions of circular features such as round holes, round grooves, round cakes, cylinders and the like with different sizes.

Description

Circle center positioning device and positioning method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circle center measurement in the processing industry, in particular to a circle center positioning device and a positioning method.
Background
In the production and processing, round products are often required to be processed, and the positioning of the circle center is always a difficult problem encountered by manufacturers in the processing process. The common circle center positioning technology is to measure the distance between the positioning surface and the center of the machine tool and calculate the distance between the positioning surface and the center of the machine tool to determine the circle center. The method too depends on the precision of the machine tool, so that the error is large and complex, the production efficiency is affected, and the positioning accuracy cannot be determined.
In the field of laser machining, such as laser welding, parts with rounded groove features are often encountered. In this case, it is necessary to form a uniformly distributed circular or other regular-shaped weld bead centered on the center of the concave surface. When welding is carried out, the circle center position is judged visually only by guiding red light, so that larger errors are necessarily caused, and the distribution of the final welding seam is affected.
The existing circle center positioning device has the problems of more parts, high processing difficulty, complex operation, and the like, and is only aimed at characteristic parts of holes or grooves. Aiming at the problems in the application fields. The circle center positioning device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, high cost performance, high measurement precision and efficiency, and can realize circle center positioning of circular characteristics such as round holes, round grooves, round cakes, cylinders and the like with different sizes.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the circle center positioning device and the circle center positioning method which have the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, high cost performance, high measurement precision and high measurement efficiency and can realize circular characteristics with different sizes.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a circle center positioning device, including: two guide rods which are vertically intersected; the center column is arranged at the junction of the two guide rods and perpendicular to the two guide rods, and one end of the center column is provided with a center; a pair of positioning assemblies symmetrically disposed on each of the guide rods relative to the junction, the positioning assemblies being movable along the guide rods.
Optionally, the positioning assembly includes: the device comprises a limiting cylinder, an elastic connecting piece and a positioning block; an axial through hole is formed in the limiting cylinder, so that the limiting cylinder is movably sleeved on the guide rod; one end of the elastic connecting piece is connected with the limiting cylinder, and the positioning block is arranged on the guide rod section positioned at the other end of the elastic connecting piece.
Optionally, a slotted hole is formed in the positioning block, and the guide rod penetrates through the slotted hole; at least one side surface of two opposite side surfaces provided with the oblong holes is provided with an arc-shaped concave surface.
Optionally, an external thread is provided on the guide rod, and an internal thread is provided in the axial through hole of the limiting cylinder, so that the limiting cylinder is in threaded connection with the guide rod.
Optionally, a radial threaded hole is formed in the side wall of the limiting cylinder and is communicated with a through hole formed in the limiting cylinder; and plunger bolts are arranged in the radial threaded holes and used for positioning the limiting cylinder on the guide rod.
Optionally, the positioning assembly further comprises a backing plate connected with one end of the elastic connecting piece adjacent to the positioning block, and the backing plate is movably sleeved on the guide rod.
Optionally, a distance scale is arranged on the guide rod from the junction.
Optionally, the two vertically intersecting guide rods and the central column are integrally formed, or are formed by assembling a plurality of split guide rod sections and a central column section.
Optionally, the device further comprises a laser emitting device arranged at one end of the central column.
The invention provides a method for positioning a circle center by using the circle center positioning device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing a circle center positioning device on a detected circular component;
s2, moving the limiting cylinder to a proper position along the guide rod, and fixing the limiting cylinder on the guide rod;
s3, moving a positioning block along the guide rod in the direction of compressing the elastic connecting piece, so that the positioning block is abutted against the inner or outer circumferential surface of the detected round part under the action of restoring force of the elastic connecting piece;
s4, determining the circle center position of the round hole of the workpiece through the center or the laser emission device.
Optionally, in step S4, the laser emitting device is started, and an irradiation point of the laser emitting device on a set plane is a projection point of a center of the detected circular component on the set plane.
(III) beneficial effects
According to the circle center positioning device and the circle center positioning method, the circle center position of the circular feature is determined through the two guide rods which are vertically intersected, the center column which is perpendicular to the guide rods and the positioning assembly which is arranged on the guide rods. The device has the advantages of few parts, simple structure, low cost and convenient operation, and can rapidly and accurately determine the circle center positions of circular features such as round holes, round grooves, round cakes, cylinders and the like with different sizes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will make brief description of the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall structure of a center positioning device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the center positioning device of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a limiting cylinder of a circle center positioning device in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a positioning block of the center positioning device in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a backing plate of a center positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting block of the center positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic overall structure of another example of a center positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the center positioning device of FIG. 7;
FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic views of a center positioning device with a supporting block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a circle center positioning method in an embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings are in turn:
1. the device comprises a guide rod, 2, a central column, 21, a center, 3, a positioning component, 31, a limiting cylinder, 310, an axial through hole, 311, a radial threaded hole, 32, an elastic connecting piece, 33, a positioning block, 330, a slotted hole, 331, an arc concave surface, 34, a base plate, 4 and a supporting block.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to examples and drawings. The following examples of the present invention are presented herein for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a center positioning device, including: two guide rods 1 which are vertically intersected; the central column 2 is arranged at the junction of the two guide rods 1 and is perpendicular to the two guide rods 1; a pair of positioning assemblies 3 symmetrically disposed at each guide bar 1 with respect to the junction of the two guide bars 1, the positioning assemblies 3 being movable along the guide bars 1. The two guide rods 1 and the central column 2 are similar to three coordinate axes in a space coordinate system, the central column 2 corresponds to a Z axis, and the two guide rods 1 which are perpendicularly intersected correspond to an X axis and a Y axis. One end of the center column 2 is provided with a center 21, and the center 21 is generally arranged at the bottom end of the center column 2 and is used for marking the position of the center of the measured object when determining the center of the object. Two positioning components 3 are arranged on each guide rod 1, and the two positioning components 3 on each guide rod 1 are respectively positioned at two sides of the junction of the two guide rods 1 and are symmetrically arranged relative to the junction.
In one embodiment, one end of the central column 2 is provided with a laser emitting device (not shown in the figure) for marking the projection of the center of the measured object when determining the center of the object. The laser emitting device may be disposed at the bottom end of the center pillar 2 or may be disposed at the top end of the center pillar 2.
In one embodiment, the two vertically intersecting guide rods 1 and the central column 2 are integrally formed or are assembled from a plurality of separate guide rod segments and central column segments. Each guide rod consists of two guide rod sections, and the central column consists of two central column sections. The guide rod sections and the central column section are assembled together at the junction.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9A and 9B, each guide bar segment and center column segment may be mounted on one support block 4, for example, an opening is formed in a side wall of the support block 4, and each guide bar segment and center column segment is inserted into the above-mentioned opening; the guide rod sections and the central column sections can be connected with the holes through threads, and the connection mode of the guide rod sections and the central column sections with the supporting blocks 4 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the invention. The supporting block 4 may be a regular cube, for example, a cuboid, a cube, a cylinder, etc., as shown in fig. 6, and the shape of the supporting block 4 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the positioning assembly 3 includes: a limiting cylinder 31, an elastic connecting piece 32 and a positioning block 33. An axial through hole 310 is formed in the limiting cylinder 31, so that the limiting cylinder 31 is movably sleeved on the guide rod 1; one end of the elastic connecting piece 32 is connected with the limiting cylinder 31, and the positioning block 33 is arranged on the guide rod 1 section positioned at the other end of the elastic connecting piece 32. An external thread can be arranged on the guide rod 1, and an internal thread is arranged in the axial through hole 310 of the limiting cylinder 31, so that the limiting cylinder 31 is in threaded connection with the guide rod 1; and is moved along the guide bar 1 by means of threads. A radial threaded hole 311 may be formed in the side wall of the guide rod 31, the threaded hole 310 is communicated with an axial through hole 310 formed in the limit cylinder 31, and a plunger bolt is mounted in the radial threaded hole 311, and an end of the plunger bolt abuts against the guide rod 1 to fix the limit cylinder 31 at a certain position on the guide rod 1. Other connection modes can be used for sleeving the limiting cylinder 31 on the guide rod 1, and the limiting cylinder 31 can be moved along the guide rod 1 and positioned at a certain position of the guide rod 1 only by adopting the method, and the connection mode of the limiting cylinder 31 and the guide rod 1 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the invention.
In order to facilitate the determination of the position of the limiting cylinder 31 on the guide rods 1 when the position of the limiting cylinder 31 is adjusted, a distance scale may be provided on the guide rods 1 from the intersection of the two guide rods 1.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the elastic connection member 32 may be a spring, and the axial through hole 310 formed in the limiting cylinder 31 is a stepped hole, where the hole diameter of the section of the stepped hole connected with the spring is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the spring. One end of the spring is inserted into the segment bore until it abuts against the step in the stepped bore and forms an interference fit with the segment bore and secures the end of the spring in the bore.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the positioning block 33 is provided with a oblong hole 330, and the guide rod 1 passes through the oblong hole 330, so that the positioning block 33 can move along the guide rod 1. At least one of two opposite side surfaces of the positioning block 33, which are provided with oblong holes, is provided with an arc-shaped concave surface 331, so that when determining the circle center of the measured object, the side edge of the arc-shaped concave surface 331 is in line contact with the outer circumference or the inner circumference of the measured object. For the two side surfaces, one side surface is a plane, and the opposite side surface is an arc concave surface 331; or may have arc-shaped concave surfaces 331 on both sides. When determining the center of a circle of an object to be measured, the arc-shaped concave surface 331 can be used for determining the direction of a certain diameter of a circular entity or the direction of a certain diameter of a circular hole or a circular groove. Whereas a flat surface can only be used to determine the direction of a certain diameter of a circular hole or circular groove. When determining the center of the measured object, one of the two side surfaces of the positioning block 33 is abutted against the outer circumferential surface of the measured object or the inner surface of the circular hole or the circular groove by the elastic connection member 32.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the positioning assembly 3 further includes a pad 34 connected to an end of the elastic connection member 32 adjacent to the positioning block 33, and the pad 34 is movably sleeved on the guide rod 1. The pad 34 is provided with a stepped through hole, wherein the aperture of the hole connected with the spring is equal to or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the spring. One end of the spring is inserted into the segment bore until it abuts against the step in the stepped bore and forms an interference fit with the segment bore and secures the end of the spring in the bore. The width of the pad 34 is greater than or equal to the width of the positioning block 33, so that when determining the center of the measured object, the pad 34 increases the area of the elastic connection member 32 exerting force on the positioning block 33, so that the side surface of the positioning block 33 is more closely attached to the (inner or outer) circumferential surface of the measured object.
For determining the center of a circle using the outer circumference of the object to be measured, for example, a disk, a cylinder, or the like, the positioning assembly 3 is disposed on the guide rods 1 in the order of (from the junction of the two guide rods 1 toward the end of the guide rod 1) the positioning block 33, the pad 34, the elastic connection member 32, and the stopper 31, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
For determining the center of a circle by using the inner circumference of the object to be measured, for example, a round hole, a round groove, or the like, the positioning assembly 3 is disposed on the guide rod 1 in the order of (from the junction of the two guide rods 1 to the end of the guide rod 1) the stopper 31, the elastic connection member 32, the pad 34, and the positioning block 33, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
Not only are the order of installation of the components contained in the positioning assembly 3 reversed in the two application scenarios described above, but the manner in which the positioning block 33 and the pad 34 are placed in the two application scenarios described above is reversed.
For example, when the center of the circle of the object to be measured is determined by the outer circumference thereof, the limiting cylinder 31 is positioned at the farthest position from the junction, and the right side of the limiting cylinder 31 is connected with the elastic connection member 32, as shown in fig. 1 and 2; while
When the center of the circle of the object to be measured is determined by the inner circumference of the object to be measured, the limiting cylinder 31 is positioned at the nearest position from the junction, and the left side of the limiting cylinder 31 is connected with the elastic connection member 32, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.
As shown in fig. 10, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for positioning a center of a circle by using the center positioning device, where the method includes the following steps:
s1, placing a circle center positioning device on a detected circular component;
so that the center pillar 2 is located approximately at the center area of the circular member to be inspected.
S2, moving the limiting cylinder 31 to a proper position along the guide rod 1, and fixing the limiting cylinder 31 on the guide rod 1;
when the circle center of the detected circular component is determined by utilizing the outer circumference of the detected circular component, for example, a disc, a cylinder and the like, after the circle center positioning device is placed on the upper surface of the component, the limit cylinder 31 is moved to the outside of the outer circumference of the detected circular component along the guide rod 1, so that the positioning block 33 can be tightly clamped on the outer circumference of the detected circular component after the elastic connecting piece 32 is compressed;
when the circle center of the circular part of the measured object is determined by using the inner circumference of the circular part, such as a circular hole, a circular groove and the like, after the circle center positioning device is placed on the circular hole or the groove, the limiting cylinder 31 is moved along the guide rod 1 into the inner circumference of the circular hole or the groove, so that the positioning block 33 can be abutted against the inner circumference of the circular hole or the groove after the elastic connecting piece 32 is compressed;
when the circle center of the round hole is determined, the center column 2 is inserted into the round hole, and the guide rod 1 is lapped on the side wall of the round hole.
S3, moving the positioning block 33 along the guide rod 1 to compress the elastic connecting piece 32, so that the positioning block 33 is abutted against the (inner or outer) circumferential surface of the detected round part under the action of the restoring force of the elastic connecting piece 32;
for determining the center of a circle by using the outer circumference of the detected circular component, the two sides of the arc-shaped concave surface 331 on one side of the positioning block 33 ensure that the positioning block 33 is in line contact with the outer circumference of the detected component.
In this step, the position of the limiting cylinder 31 on the guide rod 1 can be finely adjusted as required. The distance scales of the guide rods 1 can be utilized, when the circle center of the detected part is determined, the positions of the two limiting cylinders 31 of the same guide rod 1 are symmetrical relative to the junction of the two guide rods 1, and thus the stress of the corresponding two positioning blocks 33 is similar or equal.
S4, determining the circle center position of the round hole of the workpiece through the center 21 or a laser emitting device.
At this time, the contact point of the tip 21 and the detected part is the center of the detected part.
The center of the circle of the detected part can also be determined by a laser emitting device. When the laser emitting device is arranged at the bottom end of the central column 2, the laser emitting device is started, and the irradiation point of the laser emitting device on the detected part is the circle center of the detected part. When the laser emitting device is arranged at the top end of the central column 2, the laser emitting device is started, and the irradiation point of the laser emitting device on a set plane is the projection point of the circle center of the detected circular component on the set plane.
According to the circle center positioning device and the circle center positioning method, the circle center position of the circular feature is determined through the two guide rods which are vertically intersected, the center column which is perpendicular to the guide rods and the positioning assembly which is arranged on the guide rods. The device has the advantages of few parts, simple structure, low cost and convenient operation, and can rapidly and accurately determine the circle center positions of circular features such as round holes, round grooves, round cakes, cylinders and the like with different sizes.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. refer to an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely relational terms, which are used for convenience in describing structural relationships of various components or elements of the present invention, and do not denote any one of the components or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the specific meaning of the terms above in the present invention is not to be construed as limiting the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not limiting of the present invention. While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations, modifications, and substitutions can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A center positioning device, comprising:
two guide rods (1) which are vertically intersected;
the center column (2) is arranged at the junction of the two guide rods (1) and perpendicular to the two guide rods (1), and one end of the center column (2) is provided with a center (21);
-a pair of positioning assemblies (3) symmetrically arranged on each of said guide rods (1) with respect to said junction, said positioning assemblies (3) being movable along said guide rods (1) over their entire length;
the positioning assembly (3) comprises: a limiting cylinder (31), an elastic connecting piece (32) and a positioning block (33);
an axial through hole (310) is formed in the limiting cylinder (31), so that the limiting cylinder (31) is movably sleeved on the guide rod (1);
one end of the elastic connecting piece (32) is connected with the limiting cylinder (31), the positioning block (33) is arranged on the guide rod (1) section positioned at the other end of the elastic connecting piece (32),
the guide rod (1) is provided with external threads, and an axial through hole (310) of the limiting cylinder (31) is internally provided with internal threads, so that the limiting cylinder (31) is in threaded connection with the guide rod (1);
the positioning assembly further comprises a base plate (34) connected with one end of the elastic connecting piece (32) adjacent to the positioning block (33), and the base plate (34) is movably sleeved on the guide rod (1);
when the circle center of the detected object is detected, if the detected object is a circular part with the outer circumferential surface, the positioning assembly (3) is arranged on the guide rods (1) in the arrangement sequence that a positioning block (33), a base plate (34), an elastic connecting piece (32) and a limiting cylinder (31) are sequentially arranged at the end part of the guide rods (1) from the intersection of the two guide rods (1); if the measured object is a round part with an inner circumferential surface, the positioning assembly (3) is arranged on the guide rods (1) in the sequence of a limiting cylinder (31), an elastic connecting piece (32), a base plate (34) and a positioning block (33) from the junction of the two guide rods (1) to the end part of the guide rod (1).
2. The circle center positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the positioning block (33) is provided with a slotted hole (330), and the guide rod (1) passes through the slotted hole (330);
at least one of two opposite side surfaces provided with the oblong hole (330) is provided with an arc-shaped concave surface (331).
3. The circle center positioning device according to claim 1, wherein a radial threaded hole (311) is formed in the side wall of the limiting cylinder (31), and is communicated with a through hole formed in the limiting cylinder (31); a plunger bolt is arranged in the radial threaded hole (311) and used for positioning the limiting cylinder (31) on the guide rod (1).
4. A centre positioning apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a distance scale is provided on the guide rod (1) from the junction.
5. The circle center positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the two vertically intersecting guide rods (1) and the center column (2) are integrally formed or formed by assembling a plurality of separate guide rod sections and center column sections.
6. The center positioning device of any of claims 1-5, further comprising a laser emitting device disposed at one end of the center post.
7. A method of locating a circle center using the circle center locating device of claim 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, placing a circle center positioning device on a detected circular component;
s2, moving a limiting cylinder (31) to a proper position along a guide rod (1), and fixing the limiting cylinder (31) on the guide rod (1);
s3, moving a positioning block (33) along the guide rod (1) towards the direction of compressing the elastic connecting piece (32), so that the positioning block (33) is abutted against the inner or outer circumferential surface of the detected round part under the action of the restoring force of the elastic connecting piece (32);
s4, determining the circle center position of the round hole of the workpiece through the center (21) or the laser emission device.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in step S4 the laser emitting device is activated, the irradiation point of which on a set plane is the projection point of the centre of the detected circular component on the set plane.
CN202111046602.7A 2021-09-08 2021-09-08 Circle center positioning device and positioning method Active CN113483620B (en)

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