CN113482630B - Advanced pilot pit construction method applied to small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel - Google Patents
Advanced pilot pit construction method applied to small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113482630B CN113482630B CN202110903554.2A CN202110903554A CN113482630B CN 113482630 B CN113482630 B CN 113482630B CN 202110903554 A CN202110903554 A CN 202110903554A CN 113482630 B CN113482630 B CN 113482630B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pilot pit advanced construction method applied to a small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel, which comprises the steps of excavating a first tunnel and a second tunnel which are parallel, wherein the construction of the first tunnel and the construction of the second tunnel are included; firstly, excavating a vertical shaft along a first mileage direction of a first tunnel to an open cut foundation pit and performing primary support; excavating equipment excavates along a second mileage direction at a vertical shaft, and a lining trolley makes a secondary lining structure along the second mileage direction; aiming at the second tunnel, adopting a CD method to construct four groups of pilot pits in the second tunnel, wherein a first pilot pit far away from the side of the first tunnel is preferentially excavated, primary support is completed, and the tunnel face of the second pilot pit is sealed; and excavating a second pilot pit close to the side of the first tunnel after the second lining of the first tunnel is completed and completing primary support, so that the first pilot pit is used as a slag discharging channel for excavating the second mileage direction of the second tunnel, the design concept that the second tunnel needs to be excavated after the first tunnel lining is completed is solved, and the excavation efficiency of the double-tunnel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a pilot pit advanced construction method applied to a small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel.
Background
The step method, the middle partition wall method (CD method) and the cross middle partition wall method (CRD method) are common construction methods for tunnel construction, wherein the step method is mainly applied to III-level surrounding rock sections, and the middle partition wall method and the cross middle partition wall method are mostly applied to IV-level surrounding rock deep buried hard rock sections and old loess tunnel sections.
In the urban subway traffic network construction process, the tunnel is excavated by taking the condition of underground rock stratum into consideration and the influence of ground traffic and buildings into consideration; firstly, the underground environment is complex and changeable, and III-level surrounding rock sections and IV-level surrounding rock sections are distributed in a staggered manner, so that the phenomenon that two tunnels are respectively positioned in different-level surrounding rock sections in the same area and the phenomenon that the same tunnel is positioned in different-level surrounding rock sections in different areas exist in subway tunnel construction; secondly, the excavation surface of the vertical shaft is narrow due to the limitation of the surrounding environment of the ground, so that large-scale excavation machinery and lining trolleys for the construction of a two-lining structure of a tunnel cannot be lifted into the tunnel; under the complex geographic conditions, the existing tunnel construction method is completely adopted, the construction efficiency is low, and improvement is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provides a pilot pit advanced construction method applied to a small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the pilot pit advanced construction method applied to the small clear-distance double-hole tunnel comprises the steps of excavating a first tunnel and a second tunnel which are parallel, wherein the construction of the first tunnel and the construction of the second tunnel are included, and the first tunnel can be a left hole or a right hole of the double-hole tunnel; when the first tunnel is a left hole, the second tunnel is a right hole; when the first tunnel is a right hole, the second tunnel is a left hole.
Construction of a first tunnel: firstly, excavating a vertical shaft along a first mileage direction of a first tunnel to an open cut foundation pit, and performing primary support in the first tunnel; then hoisting the excavation equipment and the lining trolley in the open cut foundation pit into a first tunnel; the excavation equipment excavates along a second mileage direction at the vertical shaft, and the lining trolley performs a secondary lining structure in the first tunnel along the second mileage direction;
construction of a second tunnel: four groups of pilot pits are excavated in the second tunnel by adopting a middle partition wall method, wherein primary supports of the second pilot pit close to one side of the first tunnel form a ring, and the tunnel face of the second pilot pit is sealed; and a first pilot pit above the second pilot pit is drilled and drilled along the first mileage direction, so that the first pilot pit is used as a slag discharging channel for the second mileage direction of the second tunnel.
Preferably, in the construction process of the first mileage direction step method of the first tunnel, when the first mileage direction of the first tunnel is in the III-level surrounding rock section, the step distance between the upper step and the lower step is equal to three times of the hole diameter of the first tunnel.
The first mileage direction of the double-hole tunnel may be a large mileage direction or a small mileage direction, preferably, the first mileage direction is a large mileage direction of the double-hole tunnel, and the second mileage direction is a small mileage direction of the double-hole tunnel.
Preferably, in the second tunnel, after the second mileage direction is communicated, a second pilot pit is excavated; and lifting the lining trolley in the open cut foundation pit into the second tunnel, and applying a secondary lining structure in the second tunnel along the second mileage direction by the lining trolley.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) Aiming at the limitation of the surrounding environment of urban ground, such as a ground protection area, the construction environment is more limited, the construction site of a vertical shaft is narrow, so that the space of the vertical shaft is smaller, and the large-scale excavation equipment cannot be lifted through the vertical shaft, so that the second mileage direction in a first tunnel is difficult to excavate.
(2) Simultaneously, preferentially excavating a first pilot tunnel far away from the first tunnel side, completing primary support, and sealing the tunnel face of a second pilot tunnel; after the second lining of the first tunnel is finished, excavating a second pilot pit close to the side of the first tunnel and finishing primary support, so that the first pilot pit is used as a slag discharging channel for excavating the second tunnel in the second mileage direction, the design concept that the second tunnel can be excavated after the lining of the first tunnel is finished is solved, and the excavation efficiency of the double-tunnel is improved;
because the first tunnel and the second tunnel are in the condition of surrounding rocks of different grades in the first mileage direction, the second tunnel is constructed by adopting a middle partition method, and the first pilot pit can be supported by the temporary excavation of the second pilot pit, so that the slag soil in the second mileage direction of the second tunnel is conveyed out through the second pilot pit, the excavation of a vertical shaft in the second mileage direction is reduced, the transportation difficulty of the slag soil is reduced, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the tunnel construction layout of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a double-hole tunnel of the present invention;
icon: 1-double-hole tunnel, 10-first tunnel, 100-first step surface, 11-second tunnel, 110-first pilot pit, 111-second pilot pit, 112-third pilot pit, 113-fourth pilot pit, 114-second step surface, 115-intermediate wall, 2-vertical shaft and 3-open cut foundation pit.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a pilot tunnel advanced construction method applied to a small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel, which comprises the steps of excavating a first tunnel 10 and a second tunnel 11 which are parallel, wherein the construction of the first tunnel 10 and the construction of the second tunnel 11 are included, and the first tunnel 10 can be a left hole or a right hole of the double-hole tunnel 1; when the first tunnel 10 is a left hole, the second tunnel 11 is a right hole; when the first tunnel 10 is a right hole, the second tunnel 11 is a left hole.
Construction for the first tunnel 10: firstly, excavating a vertical shaft 2 to an open excavation foundation pit 3 along a first mileage direction of a first tunnel 10 by adopting a step method, and performing primary support in the first tunnel 10; then hoisting the excavation equipment and the lining trolley in the open cut foundation pit 3 into a first tunnel 10; the excavation equipment excavates along a second mileage direction at the vertical shaft 2, and the lining trolley performs a two-lining structure in the first tunnel 10 along the second mileage direction;
construction for the second tunnel 11: four groups of pilot pits are excavated in the second tunnel 11 by adopting a middle partition wall method, wherein the pilot pit 111 close to one side of the first tunnel 10 is initially supported to form a ring, and the tunnel face of the pilot pit 111 is closed; the first pilot pit 110 located above the second pilot pit 111 is tunneled in the first mileage direction, so that the first pilot pit 110 serves as a slag tapping channel for the second mileage direction excavation of the second tunnel 11.
For further explanation of the technical scheme of the present invention, the following is a specific example:
embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the construction process of the wiring underground excavation section of the line flow road station of Guangzhou subway 11, the applicant excavates a first tunnel 10 and a second tunnel 11 in parallel according to the geological condition and the surrounding environment of the line flow road station, wherein the first tunnel is a left hole, the second tunnel is a right hole, the second mileage direction (small mileage direction) of the double-hole tunnel is a ground protection area, the excavation mode of blasting construction is strictly forbidden, meanwhile, the excavation environment of a vertical shaft 2 is narrow under the influence of the ground environment in the area, so that the space of the vertical shaft 2 is small, large excavation equipment cannot be lifted, and the first tunnel 11 is difficult to excavate in the second mileage direction.
Construction for the first tunnel 10:
firstly, detail investigation and actual excavation reveal that the first tunnel 10 (left hole) is located in a micro-weathered rock stratum in a first mileage direction (big mileage direction), the surrounding rock stable geological condition is good belonging to class III surrounding rock, according to the class III surrounding rock geological condition, a step method is adopted for construction, namely, as shown in fig. 1, a first step surface 100 is formed between an upper step and a lower step, firstly, the step method is adopted for excavating to an open cut foundation pit 3 along the first mileage direction (big mileage direction) of the first tunnel 10 at a vertical shaft 2, and the open cut foundation pit 3 is about 204 meters away from the vertical shaft 2 and is initially supported in the big mileage direction of the first tunnel 10.
Secondly, hoisting excavation equipment and lining trolleys in the open cut foundation pit 3 into the first tunnel 10; the excavation equipment excavates along the second mileage direction at the vertical shaft 2, and dregs can be transported out along the vertical shaft 2; and the lining trolley is applied with a double-lining structure in the first tunnel 10 along the second mileage direction, compared with the traditional construction method adopting a mode of single double-lining construction in two mileage directions, the use of the lining trolley is reduced, and meanwhile, the problem that the lining trolley in the second mileage direction cannot be lifted is avoided.
In addition, in the construction process of the first mileage direction step method of the first tunnel 10, when the first mileage direction of the first tunnel 10 is in the iii-level surrounding rock section, the step distance between the upper and lower steps is equal to the three-time hole diameter of the first tunnel 10.
Construction for the second tunnel 11:
referring to fig. 2, the first tunnel 10 and the second tunnel 11 are constructed with a smaller distance by using a middle partition method, first four groups of pits are excavated in the second tunnel 11, namely, a pit 110 near the upper side of the first tunnel 10, a pit 111 below the pit 110, a pit 112 on the right side of the pit 110, and a pit 113 below the pit 112, a second step surface 114 is formed between the upper pit and the lower pit, and a middle partition 115 is arranged between the left pit and the right pit.
In the construction process of the partition wall method, firstly, after primary support of the second pilot tunnel 112 close to one side of the first tunnel 10 is looped, the tunnel face of the second pilot tunnel 111 is closed; and then the first pilot pit 110 above the second pilot pit 111 is dug and drilled along the first mileage direction, so that the first pilot pit 110 is used as a slag discharging channel for the second mileage direction of the second tunnel 11.
In addition, in the second tunnel 11, after the second mileage direction is passed, a second pilot pit 111 is excavated; and lifting the lining trolley in the open cut foundation pit 3 into the second tunnel 11, and applying a secondary lining structure in the second tunnel 11 along the second mileage direction by the lining trolley.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The pilot pit advanced construction method applied to the small clear distance double-hole tunnel comprises the steps of excavating a first tunnel (10) and a second tunnel (11) which are parallel, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
construction of the first tunnel (10): digging to an open excavation foundation pit (3) along a first mileage direction of a first tunnel (10) at a vertical shaft (2), and performing primary support in the first tunnel (10); lifting excavation equipment and lining trolleys in the open cut foundation pit (3) to the first tunnel (10); the excavation equipment excavates along a second mileage direction at the vertical shaft (2), and the lining trolley performs a secondary lining structure in the first tunnel (10) along the second mileage direction;
construction of a second tunnel (11): four groups of pilot pits are excavated in the second tunnel (11) by adopting a middle partition wall method, wherein the pilot pits (111) close to one side of the first tunnel (10) are initially supported to form a ring, and the tunnel face of the pilot pits (111) is closed; a first pilot pit (110) positioned above the second pilot pit (111) is dug and drilled along the first mileage direction, so that the first pilot pit (110) is used as a slag discharging channel dug in the second mileage direction of the second tunnel (11);
in the construction process of a first mileage direction step method of a first tunnel (10), the step distance between an upper step and a lower step is equal to three times of the hole diameter of the first tunnel (10);
the first mileage direction is the big mileage direction of the double-hole tunnel (1), and the second mileage direction is the small mileage direction of the double-hole tunnel (1);
in the second tunnel (11), after the second mileage direction is communicated, a second pilot pit (111) is excavated; and lifting a lining trolley in the open cut foundation pit (3) into the second tunnel (11), and applying a secondary lining structure in the second tunnel (11) along the second mileage direction by the lining trolley.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110903554.2A CN113482630B (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Advanced pilot pit construction method applied to small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel |
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| CN202110903554.2A CN113482630B (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2021-08-06 | Advanced pilot pit construction method applied to small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel |
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| CN113482630A CN113482630A (en) | 2021-10-08 |
| CN113482630B true CN113482630B (en) | 2024-01-12 |
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