CN113480977A - Composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113480977A CN113480977A CN202110914105.8A CN202110914105A CN113480977A CN 113480977 A CN113480977 A CN 113480977A CN 202110914105 A CN202110914105 A CN 202110914105A CN 113480977 A CN113480977 A CN 113480977A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: 5-37% by mass of gluconate, lactate or citrate; 2-40% by mass of an inorganic salt; 0.1-0.5% by mass of a surfactant, wherein the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate; and 50-80% by mass of water; the moisture retention of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisture-retention dust suppressant is more than 14d, and the moisture content is more than 10%. The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant takes gluconate, lactate or citrate as raw materials, has biodegradability, is an environment-friendly dust suppressant, has an adjustable freezing point between 0 and-30 ℃, can be used in most regions in China all the year round, and prolongs the service life of the dust suppressant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dust suppressant, in particular to a composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Due to the rapid development of social, economic, urbanization and industrialization processes, increasingly serious environmental problems are brought inevitably. Among them, inhalable particles in the air, such as dust, etc., are important causes of environmental problems as well as human health problems. In recent years, environmental problems have become more serious, and environmental problems have become more important in various countries. The emission of particulate matters such as dust is strictly controlled, and the device is significant in improving air conditions, reducing the appearance of haze weather and protecting human health. Related studies have shown that an increase in human mortality may be associated with airborne respirable particles, which can cause health problems with cancer, deformities, mutations, and the like. Through years of continuous research, the dust removal technology has obvious progress. At present, the common methods for removing fine particles in air include: electric dust removal, spray dust removal, dust suppression agent dust removal and the like. Wherein, the spray dust removal is widely used due to convenient operation and fast dust removal. However, since more fine particles are hydrophobic, the spray dust removal effect is relatively deteriorated. In order to solve this problem, there is a need to develop dust suppressants, and dust removal using the dust suppressants is a novel and effective way to achieve significant effects and good economic benefits in various environments and places.
According to the dust suppression principle, common dust suppressants are classified into wetting type dust suppressants, binding type dust suppressants, condensation type dust suppressants, composite type dust suppressants and the like. (1) The compound moisturizing dust suppressant comprises: 0.5 to 0.6 percent of coalescing humectant, 5 to 10 percent of moisture absorbent, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of surfactant and the balance of water. The coalescing humectant is sodium carboxymethylcellulose grafted acrylamide polymer, the surfactant is fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, and the moisture absorbent is sodium silicate. (2) The compound moisturizing dust suppressant comprises: 0.075-0.085% of sodium acrylate, 10-20% of sodium silicate, 1.7-2.3% of polyethylene glycol, 0.1-0.2% of alkyl glycoside and the balance of water. (3) The soil surface moisturizing dust suppressant for building construction comprises the following components: 20-30 parts of fulvic acid, 15-25 parts of a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, 10-20 parts of sodium alginate, 6-12 parts of a surfactant, 20-30 parts of water and 0.2-0.5 part of an initiator. (4) Coal moisture-keeping dust suppressant: 800-1200 parts of water, 1-3 parts of sodium alginate, 2-4 parts of calcium lactate, 0.5-1.5 parts of dispersing agent, 400-600 parts of soybean oil and 20-150 parts of glycerol. (5) Soil surface moisturizing dust suppressant: 15-25 parts of a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, 8-15 parts of cardanol sulfonate, 8-18 parts of a double-ether type crown ether cross-linked chitosan aqueous solution, 10-20 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 20-30 parts of water, 4-6 parts of a cross-linking agent and 0.2-0.3 part of chitosanase. (6) Plant straw moisturizing dust suppressant: crushing the dried plant straws, sieving the crushed plant straws with a 40-60-mesh sieve to obtain plant straw powder particles, putting the plant straw powder particles into an extrusion bulking machine for extrusion bulking, then crushing the plant straw powder particles, sieving the plant straw powder particles with a 180-220-mesh sieve, adding an ethanol water solution with the mass fraction of 30-40%, and then adding OP 40 for microwave treatment to obtain a mixed solution; adding peroxidase into the obtained mixed solution, carrying out enzymolysis for 1-4 h at 35-45 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion, sequentially adding cholic acid, 25-30% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution and spodumene, and stirring and reacting for 2-5 h at 55-65 ℃ to obtain viscous liquid, namely the plant straw moisturizing and dust suppression agent.
However, the moisturizing dust suppressant mainly uses inorganic salt or high molecular polymer as a raw material, and has poor biodegradability. On the other hand, the above dust suppressant is not usable at low temperatures; the freezing point of the moisturizing dust suppressant prepared by the prior art is generally about 0 ℃, the freezing point is below the freezing point, namely the moisturizing dust suppressant is unavailable in most of the time period from 11 months per year to 3 months per next year, and the service life of the dust suppressant is shortened. At the temperature lower than 0 ℃, the viscosity of the dust suppressant aqueous solution is increased, and even ice is formed under the extremely cold condition, so that the spraying equipment cannot normally spray, and the dust suppressant aqueous solution is easy to freeze even being sprayed on the road surface, thereby reducing the dust suppression effect and influencing the driving safety of the road surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides a composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant and a preparation method thereof, aims to solve the problems of biodegradability and low-temperature adaptability of the existing moisturizing dust suppressant, and is used in the fields of railway coal transportation, road dust control, roof dust suppression and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant, which comprises the following components:
5-37% by mass of gluconate, lactate or citrate;
2-40% by mass of an inorganic salt;
0.1-0.5% by mass of a surfactant, wherein the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate;
and 50-80% by mass of water;
the moisture retention of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisture-retention dust suppressant is larger than 14 d.
Preferably, the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant has the corrosivity of less than or equal to 0.01mm/a and has no obvious pungent smell.
Preferably, the gluconate is one or a mixture of two of sodium gluconate, calcium gluconate and magnesium gluconate.
Preferably, the lactate is one or a mixture of two of sodium lactate, calcium lactate and magnesium lactate.
Preferably, the citrate is one or a mixture of two of calcium citrate and magnesium citrate.
Preferably, the inorganic salt is one or a mixture of two of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium chloride.
Preferably, the freezing point of the compound low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant is 0-minus 30 ℃.
Preferably, the freezing point of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant is lower than-13 ℃.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant, which comprises the following steps:
respectively weighing 5-37% by mass of gluconate, lactate or citrate and 60-80% by mass of water, and fully mixing, stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution A;
step (2), weighing 2-40% of inorganic salt and 55-80% of water by mass percent respectively, and fully mixing, stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution B;
and (3) mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding 0.1-0.5% by mass of a surfactant, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that:
the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant takes gluconate, lactate or citrate as raw materials, has biodegradability, is an environment-friendly dust suppressant, has an adjustable freezing point between 0 and-30 ℃, can be used in most regions in China all the year round, and prolongs the service life of the dust suppressant.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an initial trace of a moisture retention simulation test;
FIG. 2 shows the trace of moisture retention after 1 month in the moisture retention simulation test.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The invention provides a composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant, which solves the problems of biodegradability and low-temperature adaptability of the existing moisturizing dust suppressant and can be applied to the fields of railway coal transportation, road dust control, roof dust suppression and the like. The dust suppressant is prepared by taking biodegradable gluconate, lactate or citrate as raw materials, adding inorganic salt, a surfactant and water and blending according to a certain proportion.
Specifically, the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant comprises: 5-37% by mass of gluconate, lactate or citrate; 2-40% by mass of an inorganic salt; 0.1-0.5% by mass of a surfactant, wherein the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate; and 50-80% by mass of water;
furthermore, the moisture retention of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisture-retention dust suppressant is larger than 14 d. The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant is transparent and light yellow liquid, has corrosivity of less than or equal to 0.01mm/a, and has no obvious pungent smell.
Preferably, the gluconate is one or a mixture of two of sodium gluconate, calcium gluconate and magnesium gluconate. More preferably, the gluconate is sodium gluconate.
Further, the lactate is one or a mixture of calcium lactate and magnesium lactate. The citrate is one or a mixture of calcium citrate and magnesium citrate. Preferably, the inorganic salt is one or a mixture of two of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium chloride.
Preferably, the freezing point of the compound low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant is 0-minus 30 ℃. More preferably, the freezing point of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant is lower than-13 ℃.
In order to further verify the performance of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant, the moisturizing and moisture content of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant are subjected to simulation tests, and the process results are as follows:
1) moisture retention simulation test
The spraying and moisturizing test is simulated on the roads of the factory, the spraying of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant is carried out under the weather conditions of 1 ℃ of air temperature, 30% of humidity, 2-grade northeast wind and medium ultraviolet intensity, and the spraying and moisturizing traces are shown in figure 1. After 1 month, the spray moisturization traces are shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, after 1 month, the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant still has good humidity traces and outstanding moisturizing performance.
2) Water retention test
2 100mL beakers, labeled A and B, were selected and weighed (A: 50.04g, B: 65.81 g). Selecting soil of 30-50 meshes, drying for 300min in an oven at 50 ℃, and removing water. 25g of each of the dried soil was placed in A, B beakers and shaken to level the surface of the soil layer. A, B respectively adding dust suppressant and water, and recording the weight as M1. Standing the two beakers at room temperature, weighing after 5d and recording as W1Calculating M by equation 12The water retention H is obtained using equation 2:
M2＝W1-W (equation 1)
In the formula:
h-water retention of the sample;
M1-initial mass of dust suppressant/water;
M2-mass of dust suppressant/water after 5 days.
Test data:
under the same condition, the moisture retention and dust suppression agent has 12.5 percent higher water retention rate than the water only.
Further, the preparation method of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant comprises the following steps:
respectively weighing 5-37% by mass of gluconate, lactate or citrate and 60-80% by mass of water, and fully mixing, stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution A;
step (2), weighing 2-40% of inorganic salt and 55-80% of water by mass percent respectively, and fully mixing, stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution B;
and (3) mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding 0.1-0.5% by mass of a surfactant, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant.
The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant takes gluconate, lactate or citrate as raw materials, has biodegradability, is an environment-friendly dust suppressant, has an adjustable freezing point between 0 and-30 ℃, can be used in most regions in China all the year round, and prolongs the service life of the dust suppressant.
Example 1
The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant in the embodiment is prepared by the following method: respectively weighing 50 kg of sodium gluconate and 450 kg of water, mixing and stirring the sodium gluconate and the water to fully dissolve the sodium gluconate to obtain a sodium gluconate aqueous solution; respectively weighing 353 kg of magnesium chloride hexahydrate and 147 kg of water, mixing and stirring to prepare a magnesium chloride aqueous solution; and mixing the two solutions, adding 2 kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the moisturizing dust suppressant, wherein the dust suppressant is a light yellow liquid.
Tests show that the freezing point of the dust suppressant in the embodiment is as follows: -14 ℃, moisturizing performance: 15d, and (5).
Example 2
The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant in the embodiment is prepared by the following method: respectively weighing 185 kg of sodium gluconate and 315 kg of water, mixing and stirring the two, and fully dissolving the sodium gluconate to obtain a sodium gluconate aqueous solution; respectively weighing 353 kg of magnesium chloride hexahydrate and 147 kg of water, mixing and stirring to prepare a magnesium chloride aqueous solution; and mixing the two solutions, adding 2 kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant, wherein the dust suppressant is a light yellow liquid.
Tests show that the freezing point of the dust suppressant in the embodiment is as follows: -18 ℃, moisturizing properties: 25d
Example 3
The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant in the embodiment is prepared by the following method: respectively weighing 50 kg of magnesium gluconate and 490 kg of water, mixing and stirring the magnesium gluconate and the water to fully dissolve calcium gluconate so as to obtain a calcium gluconate aqueous solution; respectively weighing 353 kg of calcium chloride and 147 kg of water, mixing and stirring to prepare a calcium chloride aqueous solution; and mixing the two solutions, adding 2 kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant, wherein the dust suppressant is a light yellow liquid.
Tests show that the freezing point of the dust suppressant in the embodiment is as follows: -20 ℃, moisturizing properties: 30d
Example 4
The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant in the embodiment is prepared by the following method: respectively weighing 10 kg of calcium gluconate, 40 kg of magnesium gluconate and 450 kg of water, mixing and stirring the two, and fully dissolving the two gluconates to obtain a gluconate water solution; respectively weighing 200 kg of calcium chloride, 153 kg of magnesium chloride and 147 kg of water, mixing and stirring to prepare an inorganic salt water solution; and mixing the two solutions, adding 2 kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant, wherein the dust suppressant is a light yellow liquid.
Tests show that the freezing point of the dust suppressant in the embodiment is as follows: -22 ℃, moisture retention: 35 d.
Example 5
The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant in the embodiment is prepared by the following method: respectively weighing 50 kg of sodium lactate and 450 kg of water, mixing and stirring the two liquids to fully mix to obtain sodium lactate aqueous solution; respectively weighing 200 kg of sodium chloride, 153 kg of calcium chloride and 147 kg of water, mixing and stirring to prepare an inorganic salt water solution; and mixing the two solutions, adding 2 kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant, wherein the dust suppressant is a light yellow liquid.
Tests show that the freezing point of the dust suppressant in the embodiment is as follows: -24 ℃, moisture retention: 40d
Example 6
The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant in the embodiment is prepared by the following method: respectively weighing 30 kg of sodium gluconate, 15 kg of sodium lactate, 5 kg of magnesium citrate and 450 kg of water, mixing and stirring the two liquids to fully mix the two liquids to obtain a sodium lactate aqueous solution; respectively weighing 200 kg of sodium chloride, 153 kg of calcium chloride and 147 kg of water, mixing and stirring to prepare an inorganic salt water solution; and mixing the two solutions, adding 2 kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant, wherein the dust suppressant is a light yellow liquid.
Tests show that the freezing point of the dust suppressant in the embodiment is as follows: -21 ℃, moisture retention: 45d
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
5-37% by mass of gluconate, lactate or citrate;
2-40% by mass of an inorganic salt;
0.1-0.5% by mass of a surfactant, wherein the surfactant comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate;
and 50-80% by mass of water;
the moisture retention of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisture-retention dust suppressant is larger than 14 d.
2. The compound type low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant has the corrosivity of less than or equal to 0.01mm/a and has no obvious pungent odor.
3. The compound type low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gluconate is one or mixture of two of sodium gluconate, calcium gluconate and magnesium gluconate.
4. The compound type low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lactate is one or a mixture of calcium lactate and magnesium lactate.
5. The compound type low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the citrate is one or a mixture of calcium citrate and magnesium citrate.
6. The compound type low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic salt is one or a mixture of two of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and sodium chloride.
7. The compound type low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the freezing point of the compound low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant is 0-minus 30 ℃.
8. The compound type low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the freezing point of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant is lower than-13 ℃.
9. A preparation method of the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
respectively weighing 5-37% by mass of gluconate, lactate or citrate and 60-80% by mass of water, and fully mixing, stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution A;
step (2), weighing 2-40% of inorganic salt and 55-80% of water by mass percent respectively, and fully mixing, stirring and dissolving to obtain a solution B;
and (3) mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding 0.1-0.5% by mass of a surfactant, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite low-temperature-resistant moisturizing dust suppressant.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101561583B1 (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-10-20 | 진산건설 주식회사 | Composition to Prevent Dust from Scattering and Method to Prevent Dust from Scattering Using the Same |
| CN106867459A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-20 | 韦尧天 | A kind of dust suppressant and preparation method thereof |
| CN111004608A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-14 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Wetting type dust suppressant for road dust emission and preparation method thereof |
| CN111732935A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-02 | 中盐工程技术研究院有限公司 | Environment-friendly road special dust suppressant |
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- 2021-08-10 CN CN202110914105.8A patent/CN113480977A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101561583B1 (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-10-20 | 진산건설 주식회사 | Composition to Prevent Dust from Scattering and Method to Prevent Dust from Scattering Using the Same |
| CN106867459A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-20 | 韦尧天 | A kind of dust suppressant and preparation method thereof |
| CN111004608A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-14 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Wetting type dust suppressant for road dust emission and preparation method thereof |
| CN111732935A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-02 | 中盐工程技术研究院有限公司 | Environment-friendly road special dust suppressant |
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