CN113474110B

CN113474110B - Turning tool and method for manufacturing cut product

Info

Publication number: CN113474110B
Application number: CN202080016758.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石田琢也; 高森贵浩; 吴藤翔生
Original assignee: Kyocera Corp
Current assignee: Kyocera Corp
Priority date: 2019-03-05
Filing date: 2020-02-25
Publication date: 2024-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-25
Also published as: JP7281532B2; CN113474110A; JPWO2020179538A1; WO2020179538A1

Abstract

The turning tool has a shank, a cutting insert, a first screw, and a second screw. The shank is bar-shaped extending from a first end along a central axis to a second end and has a pocket, a first threaded bore, and a second threaded bore. The cutting insert is located in the pocket and has a first surface, a second surface, a third surface, a cutting edge, a through hole, and a recess. The recess is disposed apart from the second surface and opens into the first surface and the third surface. The first screw is inserted into the through hole and is screwed into the first screw hole. The second screw is abutted with the concave part and is screwed and fastened on the second threaded hole.

Description

Turning tool and method for manufacturing cut product

Cross-reference to related applications

The present application claims priority from japanese patent application No. 2019-039354, filed on 3/5 in 2019, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Technical Field

The present invention relates generally to a cutting tool for turning a workpiece and a method for manufacturing a machined product. Examples of the cutting tool used for the turning include a tool for outer diameter machining, a tool for inner diameter machining, a tool for grooving machining, and a tool for cutting machining.

Background

As cutting tools used for cutting a workpiece such as a metal, for example, those described in japanese patent application laid-open No. 10-263917 (patent document 1), japanese patent application laid-open No. 2006-035390 (patent document 2), and international publication No. 2018/198929 (patent document 3) are known. In the cutting tool according to any one of patent documents 1 to 3, the cutting insert is fixed to the shank using a plurality of screws.

In general, a cutting edge is easily brought into continuous contact with a workpiece in turning, as compared with milling. Therefore, the blade may be rotated about a set screw inserted into a through hole provided in the blade. For this reason, a turning tool that ensures the strength of the insert and suppresses the rotation of the insert is demanded.

Disclosure of Invention

A turning tool according to an undefined aspect of the present invention has a shank, a cutting insert, a first screw, and a second screw. The shank is in the shape of a rod extending from a first end to a second end along a central axis and has a pocket, a first threaded bore, and a second threaded bore. The cutter groove is positioned at the first end side and is provided with a seat surface. The first threaded hole is opened on the seat surface. The second screw hole is located closer to the second end side than the first screw hole. The cutting insert is located in the pocket and has a first surface, a second surface, a third surface, a cutting edge, a through hole, and a recess. The second surface is positioned on the opposite side of the first surface and is abutted with the seat surface. The third face is located between the first face and the second face. The cutting edge is located at the intersection of the first face and the third face. The through hole is opened on the first surface and the second surface. The recess is disposed apart from the second surface and opens into the first surface and the third surface. The first screw is inserted into the through hole and is screwed into the first screw hole. The second screw is abutted with the concave part and is screwed and fastened on the second threaded hole.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a turning tool of an undefined embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the turning tool shown in fig. 1, seen from the first end side.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the turning tool shown in fig. 2, as seen from the A1 direction.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the turning tool shown in fig. 2, as seen from the A2 direction.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the region B1 shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the region B2 shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a section VII in the turning tool shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a cutting insert in the turning tool shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the cutting insert shown in fig. 8 as seen from a first face side.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the cutting insert shown in fig. 9 viewed from the A3 direction.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the cutting insert shown in fig. 9 as viewed from the A4 direction.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a shank in the turning tool shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of the region B3 shown in fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a step in a method for manufacturing a machined product according to an undefined embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing a step in a method for manufacturing a machined product according to an undefined embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing a step in a method for manufacturing a machined product according to an undefined embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

< Turning tool >

The turning tool 1 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, which are not limited thereto, will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, in the drawings referred to below, only the main components necessary for explaining the embodiments are shown in a simplified manner for convenience of explanation. Therefore, the turning tool 1 may be provided with any structural member not shown with reference to the drawings. The dimensions of the members in the drawings do not faithfully represent the actual dimensions of the structural members, the ratio of the dimensions of the members, and the like.

The turning tool 1 illustrated in fig. 1 to 7 has a shank 3, a cutting insert 5, a first screw 7, and a second screw 9. The turning tool 1 can be used for outer diameter machining, for example.

< Knife handle >

The shank 3 may have a bar shape extending from a first end 3a (lower left end in fig. 1) to a second end 3b (upper right end in fig. 1) along a central axis. Hereinafter, the center axis of the holder 3 may be the first center axis O1. Generally, the first end 3a is referred to as a front end and the second end 3b is referred to as a rear end. The holder 3 may have a pocket 11, a first screw hole 13, and a second screw hole 15.

The pocket 11 is a portion to which the cutting insert 5 is attached, and may be located on the first end 3a side of the shank 3. As in the non-limiting example shown in fig. 1, the pocket 11 may be configured to contain the first end 3a of the shank 3. Thus, the sipe 11 may be opened to the first end 3a.

The pocket 11 may have a seating surface 17 and a limiting side surface 19 as surfaces against the cutting insert 5. The limiting side 19 may be inclined with respect to the seating surface 17. Therefore, the seating surface 17 and the restricting side surface 19 of the pocket 11 can be distinguished. The seating surface 17 may extend parallel to the first central axis O1. The restricting side surface 19 may be inclined with respect to the first central axis O1.

The first and second threaded bores 13, 15 may be surfaces for mounting screws for fixing the cutting insert 5 to the tool holder 3, respectively. As the screws for fixing the cutting insert 5 to the holder 3, there can be mentioned the first screw 7 and the second screw 9.

The first screw hole 13 may be opened to the pocket 11. For example, as shown in fig. 13, the first screw hole 13 may be opened to the seating surface 17. The second screw hole 15 may be located closer to the second end 3b than the first screw hole 13. The second screw hole 15 may be opened to the pocket 11 in the same manner as the first screw hole 13, and the second screw hole 15 may be disposed separately from the pocket 11. As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 13, the second screw hole 15 may be opened to the pocket 11.

As a member constituting the shank 3, for example, steel, cast iron, aluminum alloy, or the like can be used. The size of the shank 3 may be appropriately set in accordance with the size of the workpiece. The length of the shank 3 in the direction of the central axis may be, for example, about 50mm to 200 mm. The width of the holder 3 in the direction perpendicular to the central axis may be, for example, about 5mm to 30 mm.

< Cutting blade >

The cutting insert 5 is located in the pocket 11 and may have a first surface 21, a second surface 23, a third surface 25, a cutting edge 27, a through hole 29, and a recess 31. Hereinafter, the cutting insert 5 will also be simply referred to as the insert 5. Although the blade 5 is not limited to a specific shape, it may be, for example, a polygonal plate shape. As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 8, the blade 5 may have a rectangular plate shape.

As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 8, the first surface 21 may have a polygonal shape. Specifically, as an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 9, the first surface 21 may have a quadrangular shape in a front view. Thus, the first face 21 may have four corners and four edges. One of the four corners is set as a first corner 21a, and two sides extending from the first corner 21a among the four sides are set as a first side 21b and a second side 21c. The first surface 21 is not limited to a quadrangle. For example, the first face 21 does not have any problem even if it is triangular, pentagonal or hexagonal. There are cases where the first face 21 is referred to as an upper face.

The second surface 23 is a surface located opposite to the first surface 21 and can be abutted against the seat surface 17. The second surface 23 may have the same shape as the first surface 21, or may have a different shape from the first surface 21. As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 8, the second surface 23 may have the same polygonal shape as the first surface 21. Specifically, as an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 8, the second surface 23 may have a quadrangular shape. The second face 23 is sometimes referred to as the lower surface.

The third face 25 may be located between the first face 21 and the second face 23. The third surface 25 may be connected to the first surface 21 or may be separated from the first surface 21. The third surface 25 may be connected to the second surface 23 or may be separated from the second surface 23. As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 8, the third surface 25 may be connected to the first surface 21 and the second surface 23. The third face 25 is sometimes referred to as a side face.

The first surface 21 and the second surface 23 in the non-limited example shown in fig. 8 are respectively in a quadrangular shape, and therefore the third surface 25 in the non-limited example shown in fig. 8 may have four flat surface areas. Two adjacent surface regions among these surface regions may be connected to each other, or a curved surface region may be provided between the two adjacent surface regions.

The insert 5 in the non-limiting embodiment may have a cutting edge 27. The cutting edge 27 can be used for cutting a workpiece. The insert 5 may have a first cutting edge 27a located as the cutting edge 27 at the intersection of the first face 21 and the third face 25. When the insert 5 has the first cutting edge 27a, the first surface 21 can function as a rake surface, and the third surface 25 can function as a flank surface.

The first cutting edge 27a does not need to be located entirely at the intersection of the first face 21 and the third face 25, and there is no problem even if it is located only at a part of the intersection of the first face 21 and the third face 25. As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 8, the first cutting edge 27a may be configured to include at least the first corner 21a, a portion of the first side 21b, and a portion of the second side 21 c. In the non-limiting example shown in fig. 6, the portion of the first cutting edge 27a located at the first side 21b may be a main cutting edge. Here, the main cutting edge may refer to a portion mainly used for cutting.

In addition, the insert 5 may have a second cutting edge located at the intersection of the second face 23 and the third face 25 as the cutting edge 27. The second cutting edge does not need to be located in the entirety of the ridge line where the second face 23 and the third face 25 intersect, and there is no problem even if it is located only in a part of the ridge line where the second face 23 and the third face 25 intersect.

At least a portion of the first cutting edge 27a may be located farther from the second end 3b of the shank 3 than the first end 3a of the shank 3 when the blade 5 is mounted to the shank 3. That is, at least a portion of the first cutting edge 27a may protrude most toward the front end side. In the case where the insert 5 is attached to the holder 3 as described above, the first cutting edge 27a can be used for cutting. As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 5, the blade 5 may be attached to the shank 3 so that the first corner 21a protrudes toward the front end side.

The through hole 29 may be opened to the first surface 21 and the second surface 23. The through hole 29 may be a portion to which a fixing member for fixing the blade 5 to the holder 3 is attached. As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 5, the first screw 7 may be inserted as a fixing member.

As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 8, the through hole 29 may have a tapered portion in the vicinity of the opening of the first surface 21. In other words, the through hole 29 may have a portion having an inner diameter that increases as the second surface 23 approaches the first surface 21 on the first surface 21 side. The head of the first screw 7, that is, the first screw head 7a, is brought into contact with the portion, whereby the insert 5 is fixed to the shank 3.

The opening positions of the through holes 29 on the first surface 21 and the second surface 23 are not particularly limited. As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 8, the through hole 29 may be opened at the center of the first surface 21 and the center of the second surface 23. In this case, the center axis of the insert 5 shown by an imaginary straight line passing through the center of the first surface 21 and the center of the second surface 23 may coincide with the center axis of the through hole 29. Hereinafter, the center axis of the insert 5 is referred to as a second center axis O2, and the center axis of the through hole 29 is referred to as a third center axis.

The insert 5 of the undefined embodiment may have more than one recess 31. The recess 31 may be disposed separately from the second surface 23 and open to the first surface 21 and the third surface 25. As described below, the recess 31 can be abutted against the second screw head 9a, which is the head of the second screw 9. As an example, which is not limited to the one shown in fig. 8, the insert 5 may have a plurality of concave portions 31. In the non-limiting example shown in fig. 8, the concave portions 31 may be disposed on each of the four sides of the first surface 21. That is, the insert 5 in the non-limiting example shown in fig. 8 may have four recesses 31.

The size of the blade 5 is not particularly limited. For example, the length of one side of the polygonal first surface 21 may be about 10 to 25 mm. The height of the first surface 21 to the second surface 23, that is, the height along the second central axis O2 can be set to about 2 to 5 mm.

The size of the concave portion 31 is not particularly limited. For example, the width H1 along the side of the first surface 21 in the case of observing the first surface 21 in front view can be set to about 3 to 8 mm. In addition, the width H2 (depth of the concave portion 31) in the direction orthogonal to the side of the first surface 21 when the first surface 21 is viewed from the front can be set to about 1 to 3 mm. The width H3 (depth of the concave portion 31) in the direction perpendicular to the side of the first surface 21 when the third surface 25 is viewed from the front can be set to about 0.5 to 1 mm.

Examples of the material of the insert 5 include cemented carbide and cermet. Examples of the composition of the cemented carbide include WC-Co, WC-TiC-Co, and WC-TiC-TaC-Co. WC-Co may be produced by adding cobalt (Co) powder to tungsten carbide (WC) and sintering. The WC-TiC-Co may be a material obtained by adding titanium carbide (TiC) to WC-Co. WC-TiC-TaC-Co may be a material obtained by adding titanium carbide (TaC) to WC-TiC-Co.

The cermet may be a sintered composite material obtained by compounding a metal with a ceramic component. Specifically, as the cermet, a material containing a titanium compound such as titanium carbide (TiC) or titanium nitride (TiN) as a main component is exemplified.

The surface of the above-described member constituting the blade 5 may be coated with a film by using a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method or a Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) method. Examples of the composition of the coating film include titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbonitride (TiCN), and aluminum oxide (Al ₂O₃).

< First screw, second screw >

The first screw 7 may be inserted into the through hole 29 and screwed to the first screw hole 13. In addition, the second screw 9 may abut against the recess 31 and be screw-fastened to the second screw hole 15. As described above, the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 may be members for fixing the insert 5 to the shank 3, respectively.

Here, the first screw 7 may function as a main member for fixing the insert 5 to the shank 3. The second screw 9 may function as a member for suppressing the rotation of the insert 5 with respect to the first screw 7.

The recess 31 is opened in the third surface 25, and the second screw 9 is brought into contact with the recess 31, whereby the rotation of the insert 5 with respect to the first screw 7 is easily suppressed by the second screw 9. In addition, the recess 31 is also opened to the first surface 21, whereby the second screw 9 can be easily attached, and the second screw 9 can be easily brought into stable contact with the recess 31.

In addition, the recess 31 of the non-limiting embodiment may be disposed separately from the second surface 23. That is, the amount of the notch of the recess 31 in the insert 5 can be suppressed as compared with the case where the recess 31 reaches the second surface 23. Therefore, a decrease in durability due to the provision of the notch in the blade 5 can be suppressed. Thus, the rotation of the blade 5 can be suppressed, and the strength of the blade 5 can be ensured.

At this time, the depth of the recess 31 in the direction along the central axis of the blade 5 may be half or less of the height of the blade 5 in the direction along the central axis of the blade 5. In this case, the thickness of the insert 5 at the portion where the recess 31 is disposed is easily ensured. The second screw 9 is stably abutted against the recess 31, and the durability of the insert 5 is high.

The region of the insert 5 where the second screw 9 abuts is not a hole such as the through hole 29 but a recess 31. The amount of the cut of the insert 5 by the recess 31 is smaller than that of the through hole 29. Therefore, the durability of the blade 5 is high. As the members constituting the first screw 7 and the second screw 9, for example, steel, cast iron, aluminum alloy, or the like can be used.

The through hole 29 opens on the first surface 21 and the second surface 23, whereby the central axis of the first screw 7 can be inclined with respect to the cutting edge 27. For example, the central axis of the first screw 7 may be substantially orthogonal with respect to the cutting edge 27. On the other hand, during cutting, the main component of the greatest force applied to the cutting edge 27 is mainly easily biased in the direction perpendicular to the cutting edge 27. Therefore, the largest force applied to the cutting edge 27 at the time of cutting, that is, the main component force is difficult to be directly transmitted to the first screw 7, and the durability of the first screw 7 is high.

In this case, the center axis of the second screw 9 may be perpendicular to the cutting edge 27. In this case, the above-described main component force is difficult to be directly transmitted to the second screw 9, and the durability of the second screw 9 is high.

The central axis of the second screw 9 may be inclined with respect to the central axis of the first screw 7 or may be parallel to the central axis of the first screw 7. In the case where the center axis of the second screw 9 is parallel to the center axis of the first screw 7, the rotation of the blade 5 is more easily suppressed. The blade 5 is easily rotated with the first screw 7 as a reference, but the second screw 9 is perpendicular to the rotation direction, so that the second screw 9 can stably stop the operation of the blade 5 to be rotated.

The second screw 9 may be in contact with the recess 31 of the insert 5 or may be separated from the third surface 25. In this case, the third surface 25 that can be used as the flank surface is less likely to be damaged. The second screw head 9a is in contact with the recess 31, while the screw groove of the second screw 9 is less likely to contact the insert 5. Therefore, the thread groove of the second screw 9 is hardly damaged.

As described above, the pocket 11 of the holder 3 has the restriction side surface 19. The third surface 25 of the blade 5 may abut against the restricting side surface 19. At this time, as in the non-limiting example shown in fig. 6, the insert 5 may be arranged so that the restricted side surface 19 is clamped with the second screw 9. In the case where the insert 5 is clamped between the limiting side surface 19 and the second screw 9, the insert 5 is less likely to be displaced.

When the limiting side surface 19 is inclined with respect to the center axis, the limiting side surface 19 is likely to receive a back component force, which is one of forces applied to the cutting edge 27, during cutting. Therefore, the load on the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 due to the back force component is easily reduced. Thus, the durability of the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 is high. For example, as shown in fig. 6, when the restricting side surface 19 is inclined so as to be away from the first center axis O1 toward the first end 3a, the restricting side surface 19 is likely to receive the back force component.

The first screw 7 and the second screw 9 may have different sizes or the same size. In the case where the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 have the same size, for example, there is no problem even if the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 are reversely attached. Therefore, the manufacturing of the turning tool 1 or the replacement work of the insert 5 becomes easy. In addition, since the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 can be used in common, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

< Method for producing cut product >

Next, a method for manufacturing a machined product according to an undefined embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

The machined product 103 is produced by machining the workpiece 101. In fig. 13 to 15, the outer diameter processing is exemplified as the cutting processing. The method for producing the machined product 103 according to the non-limiting embodiment may include the following steps. That is, the present invention may include:

(1) A step of rotating the workpiece 101;

(2) A step of bringing the turning tool 1 representing the above-described non-limiting embodiment into contact with the rotating workpiece 101;

(3) And a step of separating the turning tool 1 from the workpiece 101.

More specifically, first, as shown in fig. 14, the workpiece 101 may be rotated about the axis D in the direction D1. In addition, the turning tool 1 can be relatively brought close to the workpiece 101 by moving the turning tool 1 in the direction D2. Next, as shown in fig. 15, the first cutting edge of the turning tool 1 may be brought into contact with the workpiece 101, thereby cutting the workpiece 101.

At this time, the outer diameter machining can be performed by cutting the workpiece 101 while moving the turning tool 1 in the direction D3. Next, as shown in fig. 16, the turning tool 1 may be moved in the direction D4 so that the turning tool 1 is relatively away from the workpiece 101.

In fig. 14, the turning tool 1 may be brought close in a state in which the shaft D is fixed and the workpiece 101 is rotated. In fig. 15, the workpiece 101 may be cut by bringing the first cutting edge of the insert into contact with the rotating workpiece 101. In fig. 16, the turning tool 1 may be moved away from each other while the workpiece 101 is rotated.

In the cutting process of the manufacturing method of the non-limiting embodiment, the turning tool 1 may be brought into contact with the workpiece 101 by moving the turning tool 1. The turning tool 1 may be moved away from the workpiece 101 by moving the turning tool 1. The method of manufacturing the non-limiting embodiment is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

For example, in the step (1), the workpiece 101 may be brought close to the turning tool 1. Similarly, in the step (3), the workpiece 101 may be separated from the turning tool. In the case of continuing the cutting process, the turning tool 1 may be kept in a rotated state, and the step of bringing the insert into contact with the workpiece 101 at different positions may be repeated.

As typical examples of the material of the workpiece 101, carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast iron, nonferrous metal, and the like can be given.

Description of the reference numerals

1 … Turning tool

3 … Knife handle

3A … first end

3B … second end

5 … Cutting blade (blade)

7 … First screw

7A … first screw head

9 … Second screw

9A … second screw head

O1 … first center axis

O2 … second center axis

11 … Knife slot

13 … First threaded hole

15 … Second threaded hole

17 … Seat surface

19 … Limit sides

21 … First side

21A … first corner

21B … first side

21C … second side

23 … Second face

25 … Third face

27 … Cutting edge

27A … first cutting edge

29 … Through holes

31 … Concave part

Width of H1, H2, H3 …

101 … Is cut.

Claims

1. A turning tool, wherein,

The turning tool has a shank, a cutting insert, a first screw and a second screw,

The shank is bar-shaped extending from a first end along a central axis to a second end, and has:

a pocket located at the first end side and having a seating surface;

A first threaded hole which is opened on the seat surface; and

A second screw hole located closer to the second end side than the first screw hole,

The cutting insert is located in the pocket and has:

A first face;

A second surface located on the opposite side of the first surface and abutting the seat surface;

a third face located between the first face and the second face;

A cutting edge located at an intersection of the first face and the third face;

a through hole that opens to the first surface and the second surface; and

A recess portion which is disposed apart from the second surface and is open to the first surface and the third surface,

The first screw is inserted into the through hole and is screw-fastened to the first screw hole,

The second screw abuts against the concave portion and is screwed to the second screw hole,

The first face is quadrilateral with four corners and four sides,

The four corners have a first corner and a second corner,

The four sides have a first side extending from the first corner and a second side extending from the first corner and the second corner,

The cutting edge is configured to include at least the first corner, a portion of the first side, and a portion of the second side,

The cutting edge having a first cutting edge located at least a portion of the first corner and the first side and a second cutting edge located at least a portion of the second corner and the second side,

The four sides are respectively provided with the concave parts,

The recess has a first recess along the first edge at a position further from the first angle than the first cutting edge, and a second recess along the second edge at a position further from the second angle than the second cutting edge.

2. The turning tool of claim 1, wherein,

The central axis of the second screw is orthogonal to the cutting edge.

3. The turning tool of claim 1, wherein,

The central axis of the second screw is parallel to the first screw.

4. The turning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

The second screw is separated from the third face.

5. The turning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

The pocket also has a limiting side abutting the third face,

The insert is configured to be clamped by the limiting side and the second screw,

The limiting side is inclined with respect to the central axis.

6. The turning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein,

The second screw is the same size as the first screw.

7. A method for manufacturing a machined product, comprising:

A step of rotating the workpiece;

A step of bringing the turning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6 into contact with the rotating workpiece; and

And a step of separating the turning tool from the workpiece.