WO2020179538A1

WO2020179538A1 - Cutting tool, and method for producing cut workpiece

Info

Publication number: WO2020179538A1
Application number: PCT/JP2020/007407
Authority: WO
Inventors: 石田　琢也; 貴浩高森; 翔生呉藤
Original assignee: 京セラ株式会社
Priority date: 2019-03-05
Filing date: 2020-02-25
Publication date: 2020-09-10
Also published as: JP7281532B2; CN113474110B; CN113474110A; JPWO2020179538A1

Abstract

This cutting tool has a holder, a cutting insert, a first screw, and a second screw. The holder is formed in the shape of a rod extending from a first end toward a second end along a central axis, and has a pocket, a first screw hole, and a second screw hole. The cutting insert is positioned in the pocket, and has a first surface, a second surface, a third surface, a blade edge, a through-hole, and a recessed section. The recessed section is positioned so as to be set apart from the second surface, and opens in the first surface and the third surface. The first screw is inserted into the through-hole and is screwed into the first screw hole. The second screw abuts the recessed section and is screwed into the second screw hole.

Description

Manufacturing method for turning tools and cutting products

Cross-reference of related applications

This application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-039354 filed on March 5, 2019, and the entire disclosure of future applications is incorporated herein by reference.

The present disclosure generally relates to a method for manufacturing a cutting tool and a cutting object used for turning a work material. Examples of the cutting tool used for turning include a tool for outer diameter machining, a tool for inner diameter machining, a tool for grooving, and a tool for parting.

Examples of cutting tools used when cutting a work material such as metal include JP-A-10-263917 (Patent Document 1), JP-A-2006-035390 (Patent Document 2), and International Publication No. 2018 / The cutting tool described in No. 198929 (Patent Document 3) is known. In any of the cutting tools described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the cutting insert is fixed to the holder using a plurality of screws.

Generally, in turning, the cutting edge is more likely to come into continuous contact with the work material than in turning. Therefore, the insert may rotate around the fixing screw inserted in the through hole of the insert as an axis. For this reason, there is a demand for a turning tool that suppresses the rotation of the insert while ensuring the strength of the insert.

A turning tool based on one aspect not limited in the present disclosure includes a holder, a cutting insert, a first screw and a second screw. The holder has a rod shape extending along the central axis from the first end to the second end, and has a pocket, a first screw hole, and a second screw hole. The pocket has a seating surface located on the side of the first end. The first screw hole opens on the seat surface. The second screw hole is located closer to the second end than the first screw hole. The cutting insert is located in the pocket and has a first, second, third surface, cutting edge, through hole and recess. The second surface is located on the opposite side of the first surface and abuts on the seat surface. The third surface is located between the first surface and the second surface. The cutting edge is located at the intersection of the first surface and the third surface. The through hole opens on the first surface and the second surface. The recess is located away from the second surface and opens on the first surface and the third surface. The first screw is inserted into the through hole and screwed into the first screw hole. The second screw comes into contact with the recess and is screwed into the second screw hole.

It is a perspective view which shows the turning tool of embodiment which is not limited in this disclosure. It is a top view which looked at the turning tool shown in FIG. 1 from the side of the 1st end. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the turning tool shown in FIG. 2 as viewed from the A1 direction. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the turning tool shown in FIG. 2 as viewed from the A2 direction. It is the enlarged view which expanded the area|region B1 shown in FIG. It is the enlarged view which expanded the area|region B2 shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the VII cross section in the turning tool shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the cutting insert in the turning tool shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 8 as viewed from the side of the first surface. It is the top view which saw the cutting insert shown in FIG. 9 from A3 direction. It is the top view which saw the cutting insert shown in FIG. 9 from A4 direction. It is a perspective view of the holder in the turning tool shown in FIG. It is the enlarged view which expanded the area|region B3 shown in FIG. It is the schematic which shows one step in the manufacturing method of the cutting work of embodiment which is not limited in this disclosure. It is the schematic which shows one step in the manufacturing method of the cutting work of embodiment which is not limited in this disclosure. It is the schematic which shows one step in the manufacturing method of the cutting work of embodiment which is not limited in this disclosure.

<Turning tool>
Hereinafter, the turning tool 1 of a plurality of embodiments not limited to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, in each of the drawings referred to below, for convenience of description, only the main members necessary for describing each embodiment are simplified and shown. Therefore, the turning tool 1 may include any component not shown in each referenced figure. Further, the dimensions of the members in each drawing do not faithfully represent the dimensions of the actual constituent members and the dimensional ratio of each member.

The turning tool 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 7 has a holder 3, a cutting insert 5, a first screw 7 and a second screw 9. The turning tool 1 can be used for outer diameter processing, for example.

<Holder>
The holder 3 may have a rod shape extending along the central axis from the first end 3a (lower left end in FIG. 1) to the second end 3b (upper right end in FIG. 1). Hereinafter, the central axis of the holder 3 may be the first central axis O1. Generally, the first end 3a is called the tip and the second end 3b is called the rear end. Further, the holder 3 may have a pocket 11, a first screw hole 13, and a second screw hole 15.

The pocket 11 is a portion to which the cutting insert 5 is attached, and may be located on the side of the first end 3a of the holder 3. As in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 1, the pocket 11 may be positioned to include the first end 3a of the holder 3. Therefore, the pocket 11 may be opened at the first end 3a.

The pocket 11 may have a seating surface 17 and a restraining side surface 19 as a surface with which the cutting insert 5 abuts. The restraining side surface 19 may be inclined with respect to the seat surface 17. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish the seat surface 17 and the restraining side surface 19 in the pocket 11. The seat surface 17 may extend parallel to the first central axis O1. Further, the restraining side surface 19 may be inclined with respect to the first central axis O1.

The first screw hole 13 and the second screw hole 15 may be surfaces on which screws for fixing the cutting insert 5 to the holder 3 are attached, respectively. Examples of the screw for fixing the cutting insert 5 to the holder 3 include a first screw 7 and a second screw 9.

The first screw hole 13 may be opened in the pocket 11. For example, the first screw hole 13 may be opened in the seat surface 17 as shown in FIG. Further, the second screw hole 15 may be located closer to the second end 3b than the first screw hole 13. The second screw hole 15 may be opened in the pocket 11 like the first screw hole 13, or may be located away from the pocket 11. The second screw hole 15 may be opened in the pocket 11, as in a non-limiting example shown in FIG. 13.

As the member forming the holder 3, for example, steel, cast iron, aluminum alloy, or the like can be used. The size of the holder 3 may be appropriately set according to the size of the work material. The length of the holder 3 in the direction along the central axis can be set to, for example, about 50 mm or more and 200 mm or less. The width in the direction orthogonal to the central axis can be set to, for example, about 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less.

<Cutting insert>
The cutting insert 5 is located in the pocket 11 and may have the first surface 21, the second surface 23, the third surface 25, the cutting edge 27, the through hole 29, and the recess 31. Hereinafter, the cutting insert 5 is also simply referred to as an insert 5. The insert 5 is not limited to a specific shape, but may have a polygonal plate shape, for example. As in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8, the insert 5 may have a square plate shape.

As in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8, the first surface 21 may have a polygonal shape. Specifically, as in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 9, the first surface 21 may have a rectangular shape when viewed from the front. Therefore, the first surface 21 may have four corners and four sides. One of the four corners is the first corner 21a, and two sides of the four sides extending from the first corner 21a are a first side 21b and a second side 21c. The first surface 21 is not limited to the quadrangle. For example, even if the first surface 21 is a triangle, a pentagon, or a hexagon, there is no problem. The first surface 21 may be referred to as the upper surface.

The second surface 23 is a surface located on the opposite side of the first surface 21, and may come into contact with the seat surface 17. The second surface 23 may have the same shape as the first surface 21, or may have a different shape from the first surface 21. As in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8, the second surface 23 may have a polygonal shape like the first surface 21. Specifically, as in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8, the second surface 23 may have a rectangular shape. The second surface 23 may be referred to as the lower surface.

The third surface 25 may be located between the first surface 21 and the second surface 23. The third surface 25 may be connected to the first surface 21 or may be separated from the first surface 21. Further, the third surface 25 may be connected to the second surface 23 or may be separated from the second surface 23. As in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8, the third surface 25 may be connected to the first surface 21 and the second surface 23. The third surface 25 may be referred to as a side surface.

Since the first surface 21 and the second surface 23 in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8 are each rectangular, the third surface 25 in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8 has four flat surface regions. May be. Two adjacent surface regions of these surface regions may be connected to each other, or a curved surface region may be located between them.

The insert 5 in the non-limiting embodiment may have a cutting edge 27. The cutting edge 27 can be used for cutting the work material. The insert 5 may have a first cutting edge 27a located at the intersection of the first surface 21 and the third surface 25 as the cutting edge 27. When the insert 5 has the first cutting edge 27a, the first surface 21 can function as a rake surface, and the third surface 25 can function as a flank surface.

The first cutting edge 27a does not have to be located at all of the intersections of the first surface 21 and the third surface 25, and there is no problem if it is located only at a part of the intersection of the first surface 21 and the third surface 25. .. As in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8, the first cutting edge 27a may be positioned so as to include at least a first angle 21a, a part of the first side 21b, and a part of the second side 21c. Good. In an example not limited to that shown in FIG. 6, the portion of the first cutting edge 27a located on the first side 21b may be the main cutting edge. Here, the main cutting edge may mean a portion mainly used for cutting.

Further, the insert 5 may have a second cutting edge located at the intersection of the second surface 23 and the third surface 25 as the cutting edge 27. The second cutting edge does not have to be located at all of the ridge lines where the second surface 23 and the third surface 25 intersect, and there is no problem even if the second cutting edge is located only at a part of the ridge line where the second surface 23 and the third surface 25 intersect. Absent.

When the insert 5 is attached to the holder 3, at least a part of the first cutting edge 27a may be located farther from the second end 3b of the holder 3 than the first end 3a of the holder 3. That is, at least a part of the first cutting edge 27a may protrude to the most tip side. When the insert 5 is attached to the holder 3 as described above, the first cutting edge 27a can be used for cutting. As in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 5, the insert 5 may be attached to the holder 3 so that the first corner 21a projects most toward the tip end side.

The through hole 29 may be opened on the first surface 21 and the second surface 23. The through hole 29 may be a portion to which a fixing member for fixing the insert 5 to the holder 3 is attached. As in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 5, the first screw 7 may be inserted as the fixing member.

Like the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8, the through hole 29 may have a tapered portion near the opening in the first surface 21. In other words, the through hole 29 may have a portion on the first surface 21 side, the inner diameter of which increases as the distance from the second surface 23 approaches the first surface 21. The insert 5 may be fixed to the holder 3 by abutting the first screw head 7a, which is the head of the first screw 7, on this portion.

The positions where the through holes 29 are opened on the first surface 21 and the second surface 23 are not particularly limited. As in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8, the through hole 29 may be opened at the center of the first surface 21 and the center of the second surface 23. In this case, the central axis of the insert 5 indicated by a virtual straight line passing through the center of the first surface 21 and the center of the second surface 23 may coincide with the central axis of the through hole 29. Hereinafter, the central axis of the insert 5 will be referred to as the second central axis O2, and the central axis of the through hole 29 will be referred to as the third central axis.

The insert 5 of the non-limiting embodiment may have one or more recesses 31. The recess 31 may be located away from the second surface 23 and may be opened in the first surface 21 and the third surface 25. As will be described later, the second screw head 9a, which is the head of the second screw 9, can come into contact with the recess 31. The insert 5 may have a plurality of recesses 31, as in a non-limiting example shown in FIG. In the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8, recesses 31 may be located on each of the four sides of the first surface 21. That is, the insert 5 in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 8 may have four recesses 31.

The size of the insert 5 is not particularly limited. For example, the length of one side of the first surface 21 having a polygonal shape can be set to about 10 to 25 mm. Further, the height from the first surface 21 to the second surface 23, in other words, the height in the direction along the second central axis O2 can be set to about 2 to 5 mm.

The size of the recess 31 is not particularly limited. For example, the width H1 in the direction along the side of the first surface 21 when the first surface 21 is viewed from the front can be set to about 3 to 8 mm. The width H2 (depth of the recess 31) in the direction orthogonal to the side of the first surface 21 when the first surface 21 is viewed from the front can be set to about 1 to 3 mm. The width H3 (depth of the recess 31) in the direction orthogonal to the side of the first surface 21 when the third surface 25 is viewed from the front can be set to about 0.5 to 1 mm.

The material of the insert 5 may be, for example, cemented carbide or cermet. Examples of the composition of the cemented carbide include WC-Co, WC-TiC-Co and WC-TiC-TaC-Co. WC-Co may be produced by adding cobalt (Co) powder to tungsten carbide (WC) and sintering it. WC-TiC-Co may be WC-Co with titanium carbide (TiC) added. WC-TiC-TaC-Co may be WC-TiC-Co with tantalum carbide (TaC) added.

The cermet may be a sintered composite material in which a metal is combined with a ceramic component. Specifically, examples of the cermet include those containing a titanium compound such as titanium carbide (TiC) or titanium nitride (TiN) as a main component.

The surface of the member forming the insert 5 may be coated with a film by using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. The coating composition may include titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbonitride (TiCN), alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), and the like.

<1st screw, 2nd screw>
The first screw 7 may be inserted into the through hole 29 and screwed into the first screw hole 13. Further, the second screw 9 may come into contact with the recess 31 and be screwed into the second screw hole 15. As described above, the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 may be members for fixing the insert 5 to the holder 3, respectively.

Here, the first screw 7 may function as a main member for fixing the insert 5 to the holder 3. Further, the second screw 9 may function as a member that suppresses the rotation of the insert 5 with respect to the first screw 7.

Since the recess 31 is open on the third surface 25 and the second screw 9 comes into contact with the recess 31, the rotation of the insert 5 with respect to the first screw 7 is easily suppressed by the second screw 9. .. Further, since the recess 31 also opens on the first surface 21, the second screw 9 can be easily attached, and the second screw 9 can be easily brought into stable contact with the recess 31.

In addition, the recess 31 in the non-limiting embodiment may be located away from the second surface 23. That is, as compared with the case where the recess 31 reaches the second surface 23, the cutout amount of the recess 31 in the insert 5 can be suppressed. Therefore, the decrease in durability due to the notch provided in the insert 5 can be suppressed. Therefore, the strength of the insert 5 can be ensured while suppressing the rotation of the insert 5.

At this time, the depth of the recess 31 in the direction along the central axis of the insert 5 may be equal to or less than half the height of the insert 5 in the direction along the central axis of the insert 5. In this case, it is easy to secure the thickness of the insert 5 in the portion where the recess 31 is located. The durability of the insert 5 is high while the second screw 9 is brought into stable contact with the recess 31.

The region of the insert 5 where the second screw 9 abuts is not a hole like the through hole 29 but a recess 31. The amount of notch in the insert 5 due to the recess 31 is smaller than that in the through hole 29. Therefore, the durability of the insert 5 is high. As the members constituting the first screw 7 and the second screw 9, for example, steel, cast iron, aluminum alloy, or the like can be used.

Since the through hole 29 opens on the first surface 21 and the second surface 23, the central axis of the first screw 7 may be inclined with respect to the cutting edge 27. For example, the central axis of the first screw 7 may be substantially orthogonal to the cutting edge 27. On the other hand, the main component force, which is the largest force applied to the cutting edge 27 during cutting, tends to be applied mainly in the direction orthogonal to the cutting edge 27. Therefore, the main component force that is the largest force applied to the cutting edge 27 during cutting is difficult to be directly transmitted to the first screw 7, and the durability of the first screw 7 is high.

At this time, the central axis of the second screw 9 may also be orthogonal to the cutting edge 27. In this case, the main component force is hard to be directly transmitted to the second screw 9, and the durability of the second screw 9 is high.

The central axis of the second screw 9 may be inclined with respect to the central axis of the first screw 7, or may be parallel to the central axis of the first screw 7. When the central axis of the second screw 9 is parallel to the central axis of the first screw 7, the rotation of the insert 5 is more likely to be suppressed. The insert 5 easily rotates with the first screw 7 as a reference, but since the second screw 9 is orthogonal to this rotation direction, the second screw 9 stably receives the movement of the insert 5 which is about to rotate. Because you can

The second screw 9 may come into contact with the recess 31 of the insert 5 while being separated from the third surface 25. In this case, the third surface 25 that can be used as a flank is less likely to be damaged. Further, while the second screw head 9a comes into contact with the recess 31, the thread groove of the second screw 9 is less likely to come into contact with the insert 5. Therefore, the thread groove of the second screw 9 is less likely to be damaged.

As described above, the pocket 11 of the holder 3 may have a restraint side surface 19. Further, the third surface 25 of the insert 5 may contact the restraining side surface 19. At this time, the insert 5 may be positioned so as to be sandwiched between the restraint side surface 19 and the second screw 9 as in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. When the insert 5 is positioned between the restraint side surface 19 and the second screw 9 in this way, the position of the insert 5 is unlikely to shift.

Further, when the restraining side surface 19 is inclined with respect to the central axis, a back force, which is one of the forces applied to the cutting edge 27 during cutting, is easily received by the restraining side surface 19. Therefore, the load on the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 due to the back force is likely to be reduced. Therefore, the durability of the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 is high. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the restraining side surface 19 inclines so as to separate from the first central axis O1 toward the first end 3a, the back force is easily received by the restraining side surface 19.

The first screw 7 and the second screw 9 may have different sizes or the same size. When the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 have the same size, there is no problem even if the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 are attached in reverse, for example. Therefore, manufacturing of the turning tool 1 or replacement work of the insert 5 is facilitated. Further, since the first screw 7 and the second screw 9 can be shared, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

<Manufacturing method of machined products>
Next, a method of manufacturing a machined product of an embodiment without limitation will be described with reference to the drawings.

The work piece 103 is produced by cutting the work material 101. In FIGS. 13 to 15, outer diameter machining is exemplified as cutting machining. The method for producing the machined product 103 in the non-limiting embodiment may include the following steps. That is,
(1) The process of rotating the work material 101 and
(2) A step of bringing the rotating work material 101 into contact with the turning tool 1 represented by the above-mentioned not limited embodiment.
(3) The process of separating the turning tool 1 from the work material 101 and
May be provided.

More specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 14, the work material 101 may be rotated around the axis D in the D1 direction. Further, the turning tool 1 may be relatively close to the work material 101 by moving the turning tool 1 in the D2 direction. Next, as shown in FIG. 15, the first cutting edge of the turning tool 1 may be brought into contact with the work material 101 to cut the work material 101.

At this time, the outer diameter can be machined by cutting the work material 101 while moving the turning tool 1 in the D3 direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 16, the turning tool 1 may be moved relatively away from the work material 101 by moving the turning tool 1 in the D4 direction.

In FIG. 14, the turning tool 1 may be brought closer while the shaft D is fixed and the work material 101 is rotated. Further, in FIG. 15, the work material 101 may be cut by bringing the first cutting edge of the insert into contact with the rotating work material 101. Further, in FIG. 16, the turning tool 1 may be moved away while the work material 101 is rotated.

Incidentally, in the cutting process in the manufacturing method according to the non-limiting embodiment, the turning tool 1 may be brought into contact with the work material 101 by moving the turning tool 1. Further, the turning tool 1 may be separated from the work material 101 by moving the turning tool 1. The manufacturing method of the embodiment is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

For example, in the step (1), the work material 101 may be brought closer to the turning tool 1. Similarly, in the step (3), the work material 101 may be moved away from the turning tool. In the case of continuing the cutting process, the step of keeping the turning tool 1 in a rotated state and bringing the insert into contact with a different portion of the work material 101 may be repeated.

Note that typical examples of the material of the work material 101 include carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast iron, non-ferrous metal and the like.

1... Turning tool 3... Holder 3a...First end 3b...Second end 5... Cutting insert (insert)
7... 1st screw 7a... 1st screw head 9... 2nd screw 9a... 2nd screw head O1... 1st central axis O2... 2nd central axis 11... Pocket 13・・・First screw hole 15 ・・・Second screw hole 17 ・・・Seat surface 19 ・・・Restricting side surface 21 ・・・First surface 21a ・・First corner 21b ・・First side 21c ・・Second 2 sides 23... 2nd surface 25... 3rd surface 27... Cutting edge 27a... 1st cutting edge 29... Through hole 31... Recessed part H1, H2, H3... Width 101・・・ Work material

Claims

A rod shape extending along the central axis from the first end to the second end,
A pocket having a seating surface located on the side of the first end;
A first screw hole opened in the seat surface;
A second screw hole located closer to the second end than the first screw hole;
With a holder
Located in the pocket
The first side,
A second surface located on the opposite side of the first surface and in contact with the seat surface;
A third surface located between the first surface and the second surface;
A cutting edge located at the intersection of the first surface and the third surface,
A through hole opening in the first surface and the second surface;
A recess that is located away from the second surface and that is open on the first surface and the third surface;
With cutting inserts,
A first screw inserted into the through hole and screwed into the first screw hole;
A second screw that is in contact with the recess and is screwed into the second screw hole;
Turning tool with.
The turning tool according to claim 1, wherein a central axis of the second screw is orthogonal to the cutting edge.
The turning tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a central axis of the second screw is parallel to the first screw.
The turning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second screw is separated from the third surface.
The pocket further has a constraining side surface that contacts the third surface.
The insert is located between the restraint side surface and the second screw.
The turning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the restraint side surface is inclined with respect to the central axis.
The turning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second screw has the same size as the first screw.
The process of rotating the work material and
The step of bringing the turning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6 into contact with the rotating work material, and
A method for manufacturing a work piece, comprising a step of separating the turning tool from the work material.