CN113472219A - 一种基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器 - Google Patents

一种基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器 Download PDF

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CN113472219A
CN113472219A CN202110726896.1A CN202110726896A CN113472219A CN 113472219 A CN113472219 A CN 113472219A CN 202110726896 A CN202110726896 A CN 202110726896A CN 113472219 A CN113472219 A CN 113472219A
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voltage
direct current
input stage
digital voltage
voltage stabilizer
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宋仕达
朱元成
郑炜亮
谢荣泽
张丹瑶
郑薇
张冬妮
张绪生
王世博
王梦雨
董盼盼
张时雨
徐成
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Yingkou Electric Power Supply Co Of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Supply Co ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Yingkou Electric Power Supply Co Of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Supply Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/2173—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a biphase or polyphase circuit arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，属于固态变压器技术领域。其结构包括滤波器一端与电网相连，另一端接入输入级交流侧，模组输入级相级联后与数字化稳压器交流侧相连，最后三相的数字化稳压器交流侧剩余端连接到一点，构成星型结构，输入级高压直流侧和数字化稳压器的直流侧分别与输出隔离级的高压直流侧相接，各模组隔离级低压直流侧相并联，形成低压直流母线。本发明通过增加数字化稳压器来减少高压模组数量和开关频率，减少系统成本和提升系统效率，而且还可以增加调制的电平数量，来减少电流中的纹波，可大大降低滤波电感的感值，减少滤波成本，提升系统性能。

Description

一种基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器
技术领域
本发明涉及中高压固态变压器技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器。
背景技术
中高压固态变压器是通过将电网10kV交流电先通过输入级部分，将电网三相交流电变为高压直流电，再通过隔离级部分实现电压等级变换和电气隔离，将高压直流电转变为低压直流电。固态变压器不仅可以实现高压直流输电、静止无功补偿、有源电力滤波等功能，同时对电网电能质量也有一定改善。但现固态变压器需要进行高等级的电压变换，对其中各部分器件的要求较高，尤其是输入级AC/DC部分，所以采用多模块级联的方式进行分压来减轻所承受的电压，但现有的固态变压器输入级AC/DC部分由于模块数较多，会产生控制难易程度较高、成本高、体积大等问题。
而且输入级AC/DC部分对电压进行调制过程中产生的电平数量较少，会产生高频纹波，增加系统损耗，不利于电气设备的正常运行，虽然增加模块数量可以增加电平数量，但会带来成本问题。
发明内容
本发明针对上述缺陷及需求，提供了一种基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，该固态变压器通过加入一个数字化稳压器，用稳压器中的H桥来替换输入级中的H桥结构，减少模组的数目，增加输入级调制的电平数，同时减少电流纹波，提高系统效率和运行稳定性。
一种基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，其特征在于：包括滤波器、高压侧输入级变换器、数字化稳压器、输出隔离级变换器。滤波器一端与电网相连，另一端接入单模组输入级交流侧其中一端，该单模组输入级交流侧另一端与其他输入级模组相级联，最后一个输入级模组交流侧剩余一端与数字化稳压器交流侧一端相连，最后三相的数字化稳压器交流侧剩余端连接到一点，输入级高压直流侧和数字化稳压器的直流侧分别与输出隔离级的高压直流侧相接，各模组隔离级低压直流侧相并联。
所述的输入级由H桥模块构成，H桥分为左右两个桥臂，每个桥臂有两个串联的IGBT模块，每个IGBT模块由一个IGBT和一个反并联二极管组成，所述的滤波器由每相一个电感组成，滤波电感一端与电网相连，另一端接入输入级的H桥左桥臂中点，右桥臂中点与后一个模组输入级左桥臂中点相级联；
所述的隔离级由两个H桥结构和一个中频变压器构成，两个H桥分别位于中频变压器原边和副边，起着直流变交流和交流变直流的作用，隔离级高压直流侧与输入级直流侧相接，经过中频变压器后，各相隔离级低压直流侧输出相并联，形成低压直流母线。
所述的数字化稳压器由直流侧电压VdcN不同的H桥结构串联构成，H桥分为左右两个桥臂，每个桥臂有两个串联的IGBT模块，每个IGBT模块由一个IGBT和一个反并联二极管组成，将数字化稳压器串联到输入级的交流侧结构中去应用，而输入级每相有n个H桥结构相串联，其直流侧电压为Udc，数字化稳压器的H桥直流侧电压VdcN取决于数字化稳压器的H桥结构数N和输入级直流侧电压Udc，计算公式为
VdcN＝Udc/2N
所述的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器相较于传统的固态变压器提高了调制的电平数。传统的固态变压器在输入级高压模组数为n的情况下，可调制出2*n+1种电平数量，而数字化稳压器可以形成更多不同直流侧电压的低压模组，从而使调制产生更多的电平数。加入数字化稳压器后的调制电平数为m；m取决于数字化稳压器的低压模组N和每相的输入级的高压模组数n，计算公式为:
m＝[(n+1)*2N-1]*2+1
本发明的优点：通过加入数字化稳压器，来降低固态变压器的高压模组数量和高压模组的开关频率，减少系统成本和提升系统效率，而且可以通过数字化稳压器不同等级的直流侧电压来增加调制的电平数量，来减少电流中的纹波，可大大降低滤波电感的感值，减少滤波成本，提升系统性能。
附图说明
图1是固态变压器总体结构图；
图2是发明实施例的数字化稳压器拓扑图；
图3是本发明实施例的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器电路拓扑图；
图4是两个输入级直流侧电压为Udc高压模组调制电压图；
图5是一个输入级直流侧电压为Udc高压模组和一个直流侧电压为Udc/2的数字化稳压器调制电压图。
具体实施方式
以下，结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行进一步的描述。
本发明应用的汽车充电系统结构如图1所示，分为三级结构。输入级将10kV交流电转换为高压直流电；输出隔离级将高压直流电转换为低压直流电，并带有电气隔离的作用。
图2为数字化稳压器具体拓扑结构，由直流侧电压不同的H桥拓扑结构构成。基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器电路拓扑结构如图3所示，其结构包括滤波器、高压侧输入级变换器、数字化稳压器、输出隔离级变换器。滤波器一端与电网相连，另一端接入单模组输入级交流侧其中一端，该单模组输入级交流侧另一端与其他输入级模组相级联，最后一个输入级模组交流侧剩余一端与数字化稳压器交流侧一端相连，最后三相的数字化稳压器交流侧剩余端连接到一点，输入级高压直流侧和数字化稳压器的直流侧分别与输出隔离级的高压直流侧相接，各模组隔离级低压直流侧相并联，形成低压直流母线。
所述的输入级由H桥模块构成，H桥分为左右两个桥臂，每个桥臂有两个串联的IGBT模块，每个IGBT模块由一个IGBT和一个反并联二极管组成，所述的滤波器由每相一个电感组成，滤波电感一端与电网相连，另一端接入输入级的H桥左桥臂中点，右桥臂中点与后一个模组输入级左桥臂中点相级联；
所述的隔离级由两个H桥结构和一个中频变压器构成，两个H桥分别位于中频变压器原边和副边，起着直流变交流和交流变直流的作用，隔离级高压直流侧与输入级直流侧相接，经过中频变压器后，各相隔离级低压直流侧输出相并联，形成低压直流母线。
所述的数字化稳压器由直流侧电压VdcN不同的H桥结构串联构成，H桥分为左右两个桥臂，每个桥臂有两个串联的IGBT模块，每个IGBT模块由一个IGBT和一个反并联二极管组成，将数字化稳压器串联到输入级的交流侧结构中去应用，而输入级每相有n个H桥结构相串联，其直流侧电压为Udc，数字化稳压器的H桥直流侧电压VdcN可由数字化稳压器的H桥结构数N和输入级直流侧电压Udc计算得出，计算公式为VdcN＝Udc/2N。
所述的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器相较于传统的固态变压器提高了调制的电平数。传统的固态变压器在输入级高压模组数为n的情况下，可调制出2*n+1种电平数量，而数字化稳压器可以形成更多不同直流侧电压的低压模组，从而使调制产生更多的电平数。加入数字化稳压器后的调制电平数为m，可由数字化稳压器的低压模组N和每相的输入级的高压模组数n计算得出，具体为m＝[(n+1)*2N-1]*2+1；图4为两个输入级直流侧电压为Udc高压模组调制电压图，图5为一个输入级直流侧电压为Udc高压模组和一个直流侧电压为Udc/2的数字化稳压器调制电压图，图4和图5对比分析可得，加入数字化稳压器可提高调制电平数。

Claims (7)

1.一种基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，其特征在于：包括滤波器、高压侧输入级变换器、数字化稳压器、输出隔离级变换器。滤波器一端与电网相连，另一端接入单模组输入级交流侧其中一端，该单模组输入级交流侧另一端与其他输入级模组相级联，最后一个输入级模组交流侧剩余一端与数字化稳压器交流侧一端相连，最后三相的数字化稳压器交流侧剩余端连接到一点，输入级高压直流侧和数字化稳压器的直流侧分别与输出隔离级的高压直流侧相接，各模组隔离级低压直流侧相并联。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，其特征在于：所述的输入级由H桥模块构成，H桥分为左右两个桥臂，每个桥臂有两个串联的IGBT模块，每个IGBT模块由一个IGBT和一个反并联二极管组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，其特征在于：所述的滤波器由每相一个电感组成，滤波电感一端与电网相连，另一端接入输入级的H桥左桥臂中点，右桥臂中点与后一个模组输入级左桥臂中点相级联。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，其特征在于：所述的隔离级由两个H桥结构和一个中频变压器构成，两个H桥分别位于中频变压器原边和副边，起着直流变交流和交流变直流的作用，隔离级高压直流侧与输入级直流侧相接，经过中频变压器后，各相隔离级低压直流侧输出相并联，形成低压直流母线。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，其特征在于：所述的数字化稳压器由直流侧电压VdcN不同的H桥结构串联构成，H桥分为左右两个桥臂，每个桥臂有两个串联的IGBT模块，每个IGBT模块由一个IGBT和一个反并联二极管组成，将数字化稳压器串联到输入级的交流侧结构中去应用，而输入级每相有n个H桥结构相串联，其直流侧电压为Udc，数字化稳压器的H桥直流侧电压VdcN取决于数字化稳压器的H桥结构数N和输入级直流侧电压Udc，计算公式为
VdcN＝Udc/2N。
6.根据权利要求1所述的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，其特征在于：所述的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器相较于传统的固态变压器提高了调制的电平数，传统的固态变压器在输入级高压模组数为n的情况下，可调制出2*n+1种电平数量，而数字化稳压器可以形成更多不同直流侧电压的低压模组，从而使调制产生更多的电平数。
7.根据权利要求6所述的基于串联数字化稳压器的中高压固态变压器，其特征在于：加入数字化稳压器后的调制电平数为m；m取决于数字化稳压器的低压模组N和每相的输入级的高压模组数n，计算公式为：
m＝[(n+1)*2N-1]*2+1。
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